Low-altitude seasonal frozen soil region tunnel heat preservation structure and fixing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel heat preservation, and particularly discloses a low-altitude seasonal frozen soil area tunnel heat preservation structure and a fixing device. When a tunnel is built in a frozen soil area, firstly, a designated area is excavated, then a tunnel open cut tunnel is built, a heat insulation layer is arranged on the tunnel open cut tunnel, and a graded broken stone layer is backfilled above the heat insulation layer; a waterproof layer is backfilled above the graded broken stone layer, and a planting soil layer is backfilled above the waterproof layer; the heat insulation layer comprises a flexible heat insulation material, a plurality of sets of fixing mechanisms used for fixing the flexible heat insulation material are arranged on the open cut tunnel, the fixing mechanisms are sleeved with fixing rings, the fixing column is sleeved with an auxiliary mounting mechanism used for mounting the fixing rings, the auxiliary mounting mechanism comprises a fixing sleeve, and a movable column is installed in the fixing sleeve in a penetrating mode. A reset assembly is arranged on the movable column, and a round hole is formed in one end of the movable column, so that the technical problems that when a heat insulation material needs to be laid on a curved surface, a traditional auxiliary fixing device is difficult to play a role, and the heat insulation material is unstable to fix are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel insulation, and specifically discloses a tunnel insulation structure and a fixing device in a low-altitude seasonal frozen soil area. Background Art

[0002] As my country's transportation becomes more and more convenient, it is inevitable that some tunnels will be built in permafrost areas. When building tunnels, it is necessary to first excavate in the designated area, then build a tunnel open hole in the excavated pit, and then backfill with insulation layer, graded gravel layer, waterproof layer and planting soil layer in sequence. The insulation layer can slow down the loss of heat in the permafrost layer, making the temperature change of the permafrost layer as slow as possible, so that the temperature of the permafrost around the tunnel does not fluctuate much whether it is in the freezing period or the melting period, so that the permafrost layer is in a stable state.

[0003] Traditional auxiliary fixing devices for thermal insulation materials mostly fix the thermal insulation materials in designated positions by means of steel mesh, steel frames, etc. The existing auxiliary fixing devices for thermal insulation materials can use less materials and play a fixing role, but the existing technologies are mostly aimed at fixing the thermal insulation materials on a plane. When the thermal insulation material is a flexible thermal insulation material and the thermal insulation material needs to be laid on a curved surface, the auxiliary fixing device is difficult to play a role, and an unstable situation will occur when fixing the thermal insulation material, making the thermal insulation material not firmly fixed. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a tunnel insulation structure and fixing device in a low-altitude seasonal frozen soil area, so as to solve the technical problem that when the insulation material needs to be laid on a curved surface, the traditional auxiliary fixing device is difficult to play a role, and the insulation material will be unstable when being fixed, resulting in the insulation material being not firmly fixed.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a tunnel insulation structure and a fixing device in a seasonal frozen soil area at low altitudes. When building a tunnel in a frozen soil area, the designated area is excavated first, and then a tunnel open hole is built. A heat insulation layer is arranged on the tunnel open hole, a graded crushed stone layer is backfilled above the heat insulation layer, a waterproof layer is backfilled above the graded crushed stone layer, and a planting soil layer is backfilled above the waterproof layer; the heat insulation layer includes a flexible heat insulation material, and a plurality of fixing mechanisms for fixing the flexible heat insulation material are arranged on the tunnel open hole. The fixing mechanism includes a fixing column, a fixing ring is sleeved on the fixing mechanism, and an auxiliary installation mechanism for installing the fixing ring is sleeved on the fixing column. The auxiliary installation mechanism includes a fixing sleeve, a movable column is installed in the fixing sleeve, and a reset assembly is arranged on the movable column. A rectangular groove is opened on the fixing sleeve, and the rectangular groove is used to move the fixing ring into the fixing sleeve. A circular hole is opened at one end of the movable column, and the diameter of the circular hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the fixing column. The thermal insulation layer can protect the equipment in the tunnel open hole to prevent the equipment from not being able to operate normally due to low temperature. At the same time, backfilling can effectively prevent the melting of the permafrost layer and maintain the stability of the permafrost layer. The fixing mechanism can fix a point of the flexible thermal insulation material. The flexible thermal insulation material is fixed above the tunnel open hole through several groups of fixing mechanisms, so that the flexible thermal insulation material is fixed more firmly. The auxiliary installation mechanism facilitates the staff to install the fixing ring and improves the installation efficiency.

[0006] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing column, the fixing column is fixedly connected to the tunnel open hole, a movable groove is provided in the fixing column, a card block is slidably mounted in the movable groove, an elastic sheet is provided between the card block and the bottom end of the movable groove, the fixed end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable groove, the movable end of the elastic sheet contacts the card block, a fixing ring is sleeved on the fixing column, and the fixing ring is located between the flexible thermal insulation material and the card block. Through the cooperation of the card block and the fixing ring, the flexible thermal insulation material can be firmly fixed on the fixing column, so that the flexible thermal insulation material is fixed more firmly.

[0007] Furthermore, both sides of the movable column are provided with limit blocks, and the fixed sleeve is provided with two groups of limit slots, and the two groups of limit blocks are respectively slidably mounted in the two groups of limit slots. The limit blocks cooperate with the limit slots to prevent the movable column from separating from the fixed sleeve, making it convenient for the staff to use the auxiliary installation mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the reset assembly includes a spring, a round table is provided at one end of the movable column, a spring is installed on the movable column, and both ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the round table and the fixed sleeve respectively. The reset assembly is used to reset the auxiliary installation mechanism, improve the efficiency of the staff, and facilitate the staff to use the auxiliary installation mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, two groups of adjacent fixing columns are provided with auxiliary fixing mechanisms, the auxiliary fixing mechanisms include a first fixing block and a second fixing block, the second fixing block is provided with a plurality of guide blocks, the first fixing block is provided with a guide groove for clamping the guide blocks, and a plurality of clamping components are provided between the first fixing block and the second fixing block. The auxiliary fixing mechanism can cooperate with the fixing column and the clamping block to play an auxiliary role, ensuring that the flexible thermal insulation material will not loosen during use, so that the flexible thermal insulation material is fixed more firmly.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a movable block, the first fixed block and the second fixed block are both provided with sliding grooves, the two ends of the movable block are respectively slidably clamped in the two groups of the sliding grooves, and the second fixed block is provided with a matching groove. The movable block is used to fix the first fixed block and the second fixed block, so as to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the auxiliary fixing mechanism.

[0011] The working principle and beneficial effects of this solution are:

[0012] When building a tunnel in a frozen soil area, first dig a pit of a specified size in a designated area, and then build a tunnel hole in the pit. When building the tunnel hole, cast several groups of fixing columns and fixing components above the tunnel hole, and then lay flexible thermal insulation materials above the tunnel hole. Fix the fixing rings on the fixing columns through auxiliary installation mechanisms, fix the flexible thermal insulation materials to the tunnel hole, and then backfill the graded gravel layer, waterproof layer and planting soil layer in turn. The flexible thermal insulation materials and the tunnel hole are firmly fixed through multi-point control. An auxiliary fixing mechanism can be installed between the two groups of fixing columns to fix the flexible thermal insulation materials more firmly.

[0013] When using the auxiliary installation mechanism, the staff first moves the fixing sleeve to the fixing column, puts the fixing sleeve on the fixing column, and then puts the fixing ring into the fixing sleeve through the rectangular groove, presses the push rod to drive the movable column to move in the fixing sleeve, and the movable column drives the circular ring in the fixing sleeve to move to the fixing mechanism. At the same time, the reset component is compressed, the limit block slides in the limit groove, and the circular ring drives the clamping block to slide in the sliding groove through the inclined surface on the clamping block. The clamping block drives the elastic sheet to compress, and the fixing ring continues to move on the fixing column until the circular hole on the movable column is clamped on the fixing column. At this time, the fixing ring contacts the flexible thermal insulation material, and then the push rod is released. The reset component drives the round table and the movable column to move on the fixing sleeve, driving the circular hole to separate from the fixed column. After the circular hole is separated from the fixed column, the elastic sheet stretches to drive the clamping block to slide in the sliding groove, and the clamping block is partially separated from the sliding groove. The clamping block fixes the fixing ring on the flexible thermal insulation material, and the flexible thermal insulation material is fixed on the tunnel open hole, which is convenient for the staff to fix the fixing ring on the fixing mechanism.

[0014] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and research, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention to some extent. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tunnel open hole structure of an embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment;

[0017] Figure 3 An exploded view of an embodiment;

[0018] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of region A in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of region B in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the auxiliary installation mechanism in the embodiment.

[0021] The markings in the attached drawings are as follows: tunnel open hole 1, graded gravel layer 2, waterproof layer 3, planting soil layer 4, insulation layer 5, flexible insulation material 51, fixed column 6, fixed ring 7, first fixed block 8, second fixed block 9, guide block 10, movable block 11, sliding groove 12, matching groove 13, elastic sheet 14, clamping block 15, movable groove 16, fixed sleeve 17, limit groove 18, rectangular groove 19, movable column 20, push rod 21, spring 22, limit block 23, truncated table 24, circular hole 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0023] Example

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a tunnel insulation structure and fixing device in a low-altitude seasonal frozen soil area. When building a tunnel in a frozen soil area, it is necessary to first excavate a designated area, then build a tunnel hole 1 at the bottom of the excavated area, and then set a heat insulation layer 5 outside the tunnel hole 1. On the heat insulation layer 5, backfilling is then performed. A graded crushed stone layer 2 is backfilled on the heat insulation layer 5, a waterproof layer 3 is backfilled above the graded crushed stone layer 2, and a planting soil layer 4 is backfilled above the waterproof layer 3; the heat insulation layer 5 includes a flexible heat insulation material 51, and a plurality of fixing mechanisms for fixing the flexible heat insulation material 51 are arranged above the tunnel hole 1. The fixing mechanisms include fixing columns 6, and the fixing columns 6 have a plurality of fixing mechanisms for fixing the flexible heat insulation material 51. A movable groove 16 is provided, in which a card block 15 is slidably mounted, an elastic sheet 14 is provided between the card block 15 and the bottom end of the movable groove 16, the fixed end of the elastic sheet 14 is welded to the bottom end of the movable groove 16, the elastic end of the elastic sheet 14 is in contact with the card block 15, a fixing ring 7 is mounted on the fixing column 6, the fixing ring 7 is located between the flexible thermal insulation material 51 and the card block 15, the side of the card block 15 away from the flexible thermal insulation material 51 is inclined, so that the fixing ring 7 can fix the flexible thermal insulation material 51, and at the same time, the fixing ring 7 can be fixed to the fixing column 6, and two groups of small bumps are provided at one end of the card block 15 for separating the card block 15 from the movable groove 16.

[0025] The fixed column 6 is provided with a detachable auxiliary installation mechanism, and the auxiliary installation mechanism is used to install the fixing ring 7 on the fixing mechanism. The auxiliary installation mechanism includes a fixing sleeve 17, a rectangular groove 19 is clamped on the fixing sleeve 17, a movable column 20 is installed in the fixing sleeve 17, one end of the movable column 20 is provided with two groups of limit blocks 23, two groups of limit grooves 18 are opened in the fixing sleeve 17, the two groups of limit blocks 23 are respectively slidably clamped in the two groups of limit grooves 18, a reset mechanism is arranged between the fixing sleeve 17 and the movable column 20, the reset mechanism includes a spring 22, a round table 24 is arranged on the movable column 20, a spring 22 is sleeved on the movable column 20, the spring 22 is located between the round table 24 and the fixed sleeve 17, and two ends of the spring 22 are respectively welded to the round table 24 and the fixed sleeve 17, a push rod 21 is arranged at one end of the movable column 20, and a circular hole 25 is opened at the other end of the movable column 20, and the diameter of the circular hole 25 is slightly larger than the diameter of the fixed column 6 and smaller than the outer diameter of the fixing ring 7.

[0026] An auxiliary fixing mechanism is arranged between two adjacent groups of fixed columns 6, and the auxiliary fixing mechanism includes a first fixed block 8 and a second fixed block 9. Several groups of guide blocks 10 are arranged at one end of the second fixed block 9. Several groups of guide grooves for clamping the guide blocks 10 are opened on the first fixed block 8. The guide blocks 10 are clamped in the guide grooves. The shape of the guide grooves is exactly complementary to the guide blocks 10. Although there is no mark in the accompanying drawings, it is common knowledge for those skilled in the art; two groups of clamping components are arranged between the first fixed block 8 and the second fixed block 9, and the clamping components include a movable block 11. Sliding grooves 12 are opened on the first fixed block 8 and the second fixed block 9. Both ends of the movable block 11 are slidably clamped in the two groups of movable grooves 16 respectively. Two groups of matching grooves 13 are opened on the second movable block 11. The matching grooves 13 are used to facilitate the movable block 11 to move to the sliding grooves 12 located on the second fixed block 9.

[0027] When implementing:

[0028] First, a pit with a marked size is dug at a designated location, and a tunnel hole 1 is built in the pit. After the tunnel hole 1 is built, it is necessary to cast several groups of fixing components above the tunnel hole 1 during the construction of the tunnel hole 1, and then lay a flexible heat-insulating material 51 above the tunnel hole 1, and then use an auxiliary installation mechanism to fix the fixing ring 7 on the fixing column 6, fix the flexible heat-insulating material 51 above the tunnel hole 1, and then install the auxiliary fixing mechanism between the two groups of fixing columns 6 according to actual conditions. When installing the auxiliary fixing mechanism, first move the first fixing block 8 and the second fixing block 9 to the upper and lower sides of the fixing column 6 respectively, and then align the guide block 10 with the guide groove, and then completely clamp the guide block 10 in the guide groove. At the same time, one end of the movable block 11 slides downward in the matching groove 13 to align the movable block 11 with the sliding groove 12, and one end of the movable block 11 is completely located at the junction of the movable block 11 and the sliding groove 12. The first fixed block 8 and the second fixed block 9 are initially fixed on the two groups of fixed columns 6. The clamping block 15 fixes the first fixed block 8 and the second fixed block 9 to prevent the first fixed block 8 and the second fixed block 9 from being separated from the flexible thermal insulation material 51. Then the movable block 11 is moved to slide in the sliding groove 12 until the movable block 11 is completely separated from the matching groove 13. The first fixed block 8 and the second fixed block 9 are fixed by the movable block 11, and the flexible thermal insulation material 51 is fixed more firmly using an auxiliary fixing mechanism.

[0029] When using the auxiliary installation mechanism, the staff first moves the fixing sleeve 17 to the fixing column 6, and then puts the fixing ring 7 into the fixing sleeve 17 through the rectangular groove 19, and then presses the push rod 21, the push rod 21 drives the movable column 20 to move in the fixing sleeve 17, and the movable column 20 drives the circular ring in the fixing sleeve 17 to move to the fixing mechanism. At the same time, the movable column 20 drives the round table 24 to move, the round table 24 compresses the spring 22, and the limit block 23 slides in the limit groove 18. When the circular ring moves to the fixing mechanism, the circular ring first passes through the inclined surface on the card block 15, and drives the card block 15 to slide in the sliding groove 12. When the card block 15 slides, it drives the elastic sheet 14 to be compressed until the card block 15 is completely located in the sliding groove 12, and the fixing ring 7 continues to move. The circular hole 25 on the movable column 20 is clamped on the fixed column 6, and the circular hole 25 and the fixed column 6 are matched with each other until the fixed ring 7 contacts with the flexible thermal insulation material 51, and then the push rod 21 is released, and the spring 22 slowly extends until it returns to its initial state. When the spring 22 extends, it drives the round table 24 and the movable column 20 to move on the fixed sleeve 17, driving the circular hole 25 to separate from the fixed column 6. When the circular hole 25 is separated from the fixed column 6, the elastic sheet 14 extends, driving the block 15 to slide in the sliding groove 12 until the elastic sheet 14 returns to its initial state, and the block 15 is partially separated from the sliding groove 12. The block 15 fixes the fixed ring 7 on the flexible thermal insulation material 51, so that the flexible thermal insulation material 51 is fixed on the tunnel open hole 1.

[0030] The above is only an embodiment of the utility model, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the utility model, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the utility model and the practicality of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel insulation structure and fixing device for seasonally frozen soil areas at low altitudes, characterized in that: When building a tunnel in a frozen soil area, the designated area is excavated first, and then the tunnel open hole is built, the tunnel open hole is provided with a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer is backfilled with a graded crushed stone layer, the graded crushed stone layer is backfilled with a waterproof layer, and the waterproof layer is backfilled with a planting soil layer; the heat insulation layer includes a flexible heat insulation material, and the tunnel open hole is provided with a plurality of fixing mechanisms for fixing the flexible heat insulation material, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing column, a fixing ring is sleeved on the fixing mechanism, an auxiliary installation mechanism for installing the fixing ring is sleeved on the fixing column, the auxiliary installation mechanism includes a fixing sleeve, a movable column is inserted in the fixing sleeve, a reset component is provided on the movable column, a rectangular groove is provided on the fixing sleeve, the rectangular groove is used to move the fixing ring into the fixing sleeve, a circular hole is provided at one end of the movable column, and the diameter of the circular hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the fixing column.

2. The low altitude seasonal frozen soil area tunnel insulation structure and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism includes a fixing column, which is fixedly connected to the tunnel open hole. A movable groove is opened in the fixing column, and a card block is slidably mounted in the movable groove. An elastic sheet is arranged between the card block and the bottom end of the movable groove. The fixed end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable groove, and the movable end of the elastic sheet is in contact with the card block. A fixing ring is sleeved on the fixing column, and the fixing ring is located between the flexible thermal insulation material and the card block.

3. The low altitude seasonal frozen soil area tunnel insulation structure and fixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Limiting blocks are arranged on both sides of the movable column, and two groups of limiting grooves are opened in the fixing sleeve. The two groups of limiting blocks are respectively slidably clamped in the two groups of limiting grooves.

4. The low altitude seasonal frozen soil area tunnel insulation structure and fixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reset assembly comprises a spring, a round table is arranged at one end of the movable column, a spring is installed on the movable column, and two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected with the round table and the fixed sleeve.

5. The low altitude seasonal frozen soil area tunnel insulation structure and fixing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An auxiliary fixing mechanism is arranged on two adjacent groups of the fixing columns, and the auxiliary fixing mechanism includes a first fixing block and a second fixing block, and a plurality of guide blocks are arranged on the second fixing block, and a guide groove for clamping the guide block is opened on the first fixing block, and a plurality of clamping components are arranged between the first fixing block and the second fixing block.

6. The low altitude seasonal frozen soil area tunnel insulation structure and fixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a movable block, the first fixed block and the second fixed block are both provided with sliding grooves, two ends of the movable block are respectively slidably clamped in two groups of the sliding grooves, and the second fixed block is provided with a matching groove.

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