Cavern ventilation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cavern ventilation system which comprises an air supply mechanism and an air outlet mechanism which penetrate through a cavern. The air supply mechanism comprises a ventilation pilot tunnel buried underground and an air supply pipeline connected between the cavern and the ventilation pilot tunnel; the air outlet mechanism comprises an air outlet pipeline arranged above the cavern, and a ventilation box is installed in the cavern. The air supply pipeline penetrates through the air exchange box, and an air outlet is formed in one side of the air exchange box; a roundabout air channel is connected into the ventilation box, an outlet of the roundabout air channel is communicated into the air outlet pipeline, an air suction fan is arranged at an inlet of the roundabout air channel, and a detachable adsorption filter plate is arranged in the roundabout air channel. The ventilation performance of a mechanical ventilation mode can be improved, so that foul gas in the long tunnel cavern can be effectively exhausted, and the ventilation effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of building construction, and in particular relates to a cavern ventilation system. Background Art

[0002] Cavern ventilation mainly involves how to effectively introduce fresh air into the cave and expel dirty air to improve the air quality and working environment in the cave.

[0003] In the prior art, cavern ventilation mainly includes:

[0004] Natural ventilation: mainly depends on the pressure difference and temperature difference of airflow. When the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the cave is large, the indoor air will be driven by the temperature difference and flow from the high temperature area to the low temperature area to achieve the ventilation effect. However, natural ventilation is only suitable for very short and well-ventilated caves.

[0005] Mechanical ventilation: The extraction and replenishment of indoor air is achieved with the assistance of mechanical equipment. Commonly used mechanical ventilation equipment includes fans, ventilation ducts, etc. The fan generates airflow by rotating blades, and introduces fresh air into the cave through the ventilation duct, while exhausting dirty air to the outside of the cave.

[0006] However, in cavernous environments, especially long tunnels, several integrated caverns are set up at intervals, and ventilation is one of the important functions of integrated caverns. Gas, mainly composed of methane, will gush out from the strata. Under standard conditions, the specific gravity of gas is less than that of air, and it is easy to accumulate in the cavern. When the gas concentration is too high, it is easy to cause safety risks. Ordinary mechanical ventilation methods, fans, are difficult to effectively and completely discharge the gas in the cavern of a long tunnel. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to propose a cavern ventilation system in view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, which can improve the ventilation performance of the mechanical ventilation method, thereby effectively discharging the dirty gas in the cavern of a long tunnel and ensuring the ventilation effect.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is specifically as follows:

[0009] A cavern ventilation system comprises an air supply mechanism and an air outlet mechanism which pass through the cavern respectively; the air supply mechanism comprises a ventilation guide tunnel buried underground, and an air supply pipeline connected between the cavern and the ventilation guide tunnel; the air outlet mechanism comprises an air outlet duct arranged above the cavern, and a ventilation box is installed in the cavern; the air supply pipeline passes through the ventilation box and an exhaust port is arranged on one side of the ventilation box; a detour air duct is connected to the ventilation box, and the outlet of the detour air duct is connected to the air outlet pipeline, and an air intake fan is arranged at the inlet of the detour air duct, and a detachable adsorption filter plate is arranged in the detour air duct.

[0010] Furthermore, there are multiple exhaust ports, which are evenly distributed on the same side of the ventilation box.

[0011] Furthermore, the detachable adsorption filter plate comprises a mounting base plate and a panel, and a methane adsorbent is filled between the mounting base plate and the panel.

[0012] Furthermore, the installation base plate is installed in sequence close to the inner wall of the detour airway.

[0013] Furthermore, mounting connection holes are provided on the outer wall of the ventilation box, and the ventilation box is suspended above the cavern.

[0014] Furthermore, the air outlet pipeline is sequentially connected between the ventilation boxes of adjacent caverns.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the utility model are: first, on the basis of traditional air supply channels and exhaust channels, ventilation boxes are respectively arranged in several caverns in the tunnel, and the air outlet duct and the air supply duct are respectively connected to the ventilation boxes, and the air supply duct introduces external air into the cavern through the ventilation guide tunnel buried underground; and the turbid air in the original cavern is adsorbed by the suction fan and enters the ventilation box. For the problem of gas accumulation in the cavern, a methane adsorbent is set to effectively deal with it, thereby reducing the safety risks caused by excessive methane concentration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cavern ventilation system provided by the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the air exchange box of the cavern ventilation system provided by the utility model.

[0019] Figure numerals: 1. Ventilation guide hole; 2. Air supply duct; 3. Ventilation box; 4. Exhaust port; 5. Air outlet duct; 6. Circuitous air duct; 7. Adsorption filter plate; 8. Intake fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0021] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0022] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0023] In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", etc. do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0027] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, a cavern ventilation system comprises an air supply mechanism and an air outlet mechanism respectively passing through the cavern; the air supply mechanism comprises a ventilation guide tunnel 1 buried underground, and an air supply pipeline 2 connected between the cavern and the ventilation guide tunnel 1; the air outlet mechanism comprises an air outlet duct 5 arranged above the cavern, and a ventilation box 3 is installed in the cavern; the air supply pipeline 2 passes through the ventilation box 3 and an exhaust port 4 is arranged on one side of the ventilation box 3; a detour air duct 6 is connected to the ventilation box 3, and the outlet of the detour air duct 6 is connected to the air outlet pipeline, and an air intake fan 8 is arranged at the inlet of the detour air duct 6, and a detachable adsorption filter plate 7 is arranged in the detour air duct 6.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, in the prior art, for ventilation in the tunnel, the main method used is forced ventilation: the fresh air is pressed into the working face by the air duct, and the dirty air is discharged from the tunnel mouth. When the fan is running, the air duct is under positive pressure, and a long tube hose can be used. This method works better in short tunnels, with a long wind flow range, fast smoke exhaust, high wind speed, and good meteorological conditions at the working face. However, in long caverns, since the dirty air needs to be discharged along the entire tunnel body, when the air volume is constant, the smoke exhaust time is long, and the staff in the cave will be in the dirty air for a long time. Exhaust ventilation: The working principle is opposite to the forced ventilation, with fresh air flowing into the tunnel mouth and dirty air sucked out of the tunnel through the air duct. This method puts the tunnel body in the fresh air, which is beneficial to the work at the rear. However, the air supply method has a negative pressure in the air duct, and a hose cannot be used. Only plastic hard pipes or steel pipes can be used, which are expensive and inconvenient to install and disassemble. The utility model combines forced ventilation and exhaust ventilation, and aims to solve the problem that gas is easily accumulated in the existing tunnel cavern and cannot be discharged, and then adds a ventilation box 3 for gas treatment, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive gas concentration in the cavern and reducing safety hazards.

[0029] There are multiple exhaust ports 4, which are evenly distributed on the same side of the ventilation box 3. The exhaust ports 4 are centrally arranged on one side close to the tunnel, and exhaust fans can also be added to the exhaust ports 4 to speed up the ventilation of fresh air into the tunnel.

[0030] The detachable adsorption filter plate 7 includes a mounting base plate, a panel, and a methane adsorbent filled between the mounting base plate and the panel. The methane adsorbent is mainly used to capture and store methane gas. The methane adsorbent can be activated carbon: activated carbon is a highly porous carbonaceous material with a large specific surface area and adsorption capacity; it can be prepared from carbon-containing substances (such as wood, fruit shells or fruit shell charcoal) through a physical or chemical activation process. Or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used: carbon nanotubes are tubular nanostructures composed of carbon atoms, which have unique physical and chemical properties due to their large specific surface area and high adsorption performance. Or other similar new adsorption materials.

[0031] The installation base plate is sequentially installed close to the inner wall of the detour air duct 6. The adsorption filter plate 7 is installed in the detour air duct 6 by means of installing and removing the installation base plate.

[0032] The outer wall of the ventilation box 3 is provided with a mounting connection hole, and the ventilation box 3 is suspended above the cavern. The air outlet pipeline is sequentially connected between the ventilation boxes 3 of adjacent caverns.

[0033] In actual use, a box cover is provided at the bottom of the ventilation box 3 to facilitate the maintenance of the adsorption filter plate 7, and the ventilation box 3 is fixed to the top of the cavern by bolts, and the reserved interface is connected to the air supply pipeline 2 and the air outlet pipeline. Among them, the air outlet pipeline needs to be connected to the outlet direction of the detour air duct 6, and the detour air duct 6 is mainly bent multiple times in the ventilation box 3 to increase the number of adsorption filter plates 7 that can be installed, and the ability to pass through the detour air duct 6 is enhanced by adding an air suction fan 8 to avoid problems such as turbid gas being unable to enter the air outlet pipeline.

[0034] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A cavern ventilation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air supply mechanism and an air outlet mechanism which pass through the cavern respectively; the air supply mechanism comprises a ventilation guide tunnel (1) buried underground, and an air supply pipeline (2) connected between the cavern and the ventilation guide tunnel (1); the air outlet mechanism comprises an air outlet duct (5) arranged above the cavern, and a ventilation box (3) is installed in the cavern; the air supply pipeline (2) passes through the ventilation box (3) and an air outlet (4) is arranged on one side of the ventilation box (3); a detour air duct (6) is connected to the ventilation box (3), and the outlet of the detour air duct (6) is connected to the air outlet pipeline, and an air intake fan (8) is arranged at the inlet of the detour air duct (6), and a detachable adsorption filter plate (7) is arranged in the detour air duct (6).

2. The cavern ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple air outlets (4) evenly distributed on the same side of the ventilation box (3).

3. The cavern ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachable adsorption filter plate (7) comprises a mounting base plate and a panel plate, and a methane adsorbent is filled between the mounting base plate and the panel plate.

4. The cavern ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The installation base plate is installed in sequence close to the inner wall of the circuitous air passage (6).

5. The cavern ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the ventilation box (3) is provided with mounting connection holes, and the ventilation box (3) is suspended above the cavern.

6. The cavern ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet pipeline is sequentially connected between the ventilation boxes (3) of adjacent caverns.

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