Oil separator and reduction gearbox
By designing an oil separator with oil outlet and oil injection hole in the reducer, the problem of easy breakage of the welding structure of the oil pipeline is solved, better lubrication effect and longer service life are achieved, and the oil separating ring or The design of the oil splitter plate enhances the flexibility and accuracy of the built-in oil circuit.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421187279.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-28
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-28
AI Technical Summary
In the existing gearbox lubrication system, the welded structure of the oil pipeline is prone to breakage, resulting in gear damage, and poor lubrication effect, which affects the transmission performance and life and is high maintenance costs.
Design an oil separator with oil outlet and oil injection hole to reduce the number of oil pipelines, and directly inject lubricating oil to the internal lubricating point of the reducer through the oil injection hole, increasing the flexibility of the built-in oil passage to accurately control the lubricating oil injection position , avoid welding fracture and improve lubrication effect.
It effectively avoids the damage to the gears caused by breaking the oil pipeline, improves the lubrication effect and service life, reduces maintenance costs, and enhances the flexibility and accuracy of the built-in oil circuit through the design of the oil distribution ring or oil distribution plate.
Smart Images
Figure CN222208926U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to an oil distributor and a reduction box, and belongs to the technical field of reduction box lubrication device manufacturing. Background Art
[0002] The reduction gearbox is the transmission system of the fracturing equipment. Its function is to convert the power output by the engine through the different speed ratio changes of the gears inside the reduction gearbox, so as to achieve the effect of reducing speed and increasing torque and increasing speed and reducing torque, so as to provide different transmission capacities for the fracturing equipment.
[0003] During the high-speed rotation of the reduction gearbox, the gears and bearings in the narrow space generate a lot of heat. If it is not removed in time, the internal transmission parts will suffer from pitting and bonding due to the high temperature, which will reduce the life of the reduction gearbox or even directly scrap it. The lubrication system must ensure that the lubricating oil is delivered to the friction surface of the gears and bearings in time to protect the friction parts from dry friction and remove heat. Therefore, the design of the lubrication system is very important for the continuous operation of the reduction gearbox.
[0004] The lubrication methods of the reduction gearbox include splash (oil immersion) lubrication and forced lubrication. For high-speed reduction gearboxes, forced lubrication is often used, which uses an oil pump to establish a certain oil pressure and lead the oil to the friction surface. The amount of oil can be determined according to the heat that needs to be removed. However, forced lubrication requires the design of oil channels to guide the oil, and the lubrication system is relatively complex and difficult to maintain.
[0005] The existing reduction gearbox lubrication system is mainly composed of lubricating oil circuits, joints, oil inlet structures, and oil separation design parts. Since the lubrication points (areas to be lubricated) are scattered and partly located inside the reduction gearbox, the existing lubricating oil circuits often take the form of welding pipelines inside the reduction gearbox, connecting the external pipelines with the welded pipelines inside the shell, and guiding the lubricating oil to the lubrication points. Although this design is simple, as the reduction gearbox is constantly vibrated and impacted during operation, the welded structure is very likely to break, especially in key parts such as the lubrication structure at the meshing of large and small gears. If the lubricating welded structure here breaks, the broken part is easy to fall into the gear, causing damage to the meshing tooth surface, affecting the transmission, and in severe cases, the gear is directly scrapped. Even if the broken part does not fall into the gear, the oil separation function of the lubricating structure here fails, affecting the lubrication effect and reducing the life of the gear. For the lubricating welded structure, it has a higher risk and a poorer life. It requires a certain amount of manpower and material resources for maintenance in the later stage, which increases the cost. Summary of the invention
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an oil separator with both an oil outlet and an oil spray hole and a reduction gearbox including the oil separator, so that the oil separator can not only transport the lubricating oil to different lubrication pipes to provide lubricating oil for multiple lubrication points, but also directly spray the lubricating oil to the lubrication points inside the reduction gearbox, thereby reducing the number of oil pipelines inside the reduction gearbox and avoiding damage to the gears by the broken parts when the welding parts of the oil pipelines are broken, thereby achieving good lubrication effect and long service life; in addition, the design of oil dividing blocks such as oil dividing rings or oil dividing plates increases the flexibility of the built-in oil circuit and can more accurately control the injection position of the lubricating oil.
[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0008] The utility model provides an oil separator, the oil separator comprises a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to each other, and a side surface located between the top surface and the bottom surface, the top surface, the bottom surface and the side surface are surrounded to form an oil separation cavity, the top surface is provided with an oil inlet hole, and the oil inlet hole is communicated with an oil inlet pipeline in an external oil circuit;
[0009] The side surface is provided with at least one oil outlet, and the oil outlet is connected to the lubrication pipeline;
[0010] The bottom surface is arranged at the through hole of the housing of the reduction gearbox, and the bottom surface is provided with at least one oil spray hole, which is connected with the interior of the housing of the reduction gearbox and is used to transport lubricating oil to the area to be lubricated in the housing.
[0011] Preferably, the number of the oil outlets is 4, and the 4 oil outlets are evenly distributed on the periphery of the side surface.
[0012] In order to deliver the lubricating oil to more lubrication points, the lubricating pipeline portion is communicated with the built-in oil circuit.
[0013] In order to more accurately control the fuel injection range, the plurality of fuel injection holes are arranged in a line, and the fuel injection directions of the plurality of fuel injection holes are the same or different.
[0014] In order to prevent oil leakage, a sealing structure is provided between the oil separator and the housing.
[0015] The utility model provides a reduction box, and the shell of the reduction box is provided with the oil distributor as described above.
[0016] In order to better utilize gravity and the pressure of the oil pump, the through hole of the housing of the reduction box is located above the meshing point of the gear pair of the reduction box, and the vertical projection of the oil separator intersects with the meshing point of the gear pair.
[0017] Preferably, the oil injection range of the oil injection hole is located between a line connecting the center of the oil separator and the center of the large gear of the gear pair and a line connecting the center of the oil separator and the center of the small gear of the gear pair.
[0018] In order to increase the flexibility of the built-in oil circuit, one end of the built-in oil circuit of the reduction box is connected to the lubrication pipeline, and an oil separator is arranged at the other end.
[0019] Preferably, the oil separator block is an oil separator plate, the oil separator plate is T-shaped, an oil separator plate oil separator channel is arranged inside the oil separator plate, one end of the oil separator plate oil separator channel is an oil separator plate oil inlet connected to the built-in oil circuit, and the other end is at least one oil separator plate oil injection port leading to the area to be lubricated.
[0020] Preferably, the oil separator block is annular, and comprises an oil inlet ring belt, a plurality of oil separator ring oil separator channels and a plurality of oil separator ring oil injection ports which are sequentially arranged along the lubricating oil conveying direction.
[0021] To sum up, the utility model provides an oil separator with both an oil outlet and an oil spray hole and a reducer including the oil separator, so that the oil separator can not only transport the lubricating oil to different lubrication pipes to provide lubricating oil to multiple lubrication points, but also directly spray the lubricating oil to the lubrication points inside the reducer, thereby reducing the number of oil pipelines inside the reducer and avoiding damage to the gears by the broken parts when the welding parts of the oil pipelines are broken, thereby achieving good lubrication effect and long service life. In addition, the design of oil separators such as oil separator rings or oil separator plates increases the flexibility of the built-in oil circuit and can more accurately control the injection position of the lubricating oil.
[0022] The technical solution of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a reduction gearbox provided with an oil separator according to the utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 It is a side schematic diagram of a reduction gearbox provided with an oil separator according to the utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 It is a front schematic diagram of a reduction gearbox provided with an oil separator according to the utility model;
[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the top surface of the oil separator of the utility model;
[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the side of the oil separator of the utility model;
[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of
[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the oil separator and the gear pair of the utility model;
[0030] Figure 8 This is the front view of the oil separation plate of the utility model;
[0031] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 AA section view;
[0032] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the utility model oil distribution plate;
[0033] Fig.11 This is the front view of the oil distribution ring of the utility model;
[0034] Fig.12 for Fig.11 BB cross-sectional view;
[0035] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A partial enlarged view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a reduction gearbox provided with an oil separator according to the utility model; Figure 2 It is a side schematic diagram of a reduction gearbox provided with an oil separator according to the utility model; Figure 3 It is a front schematic diagram of a reduction gearbox provided with an oil separator according to the utility model; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the top surface of the oil separator of the utility model; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the side of the oil separator of the utility model; Figure 6 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the oil separator and the gear pair of the utility model. Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the utility model provides an oil distributor 100 and a reduction box 200. The oil distributor 100 is arranged on a housing 210 of the reduction box 200, is used to distribute lubricating oil and has a hollow structure. The reduction box can be a parallel reduction box, a planetary reduction box or a combination thereof. The utility model is described by taking a parallel reduction box as an example.
[0037] The oil separator 100 includes a top surface 110 and a bottom surface 120 facing each other, and a side surface 130 located between the top surface 110 and the bottom surface 120. The utility model does not limit the shape of the oil separator 100, which can be (roughly) cylindrical, or (roughly) rectangular or other shapes. The top surface 110, the bottom surface 120 and the side surface 130 are arranged to form an oil separation chamber.
[0038] It should be noted that the top surface 110 and the bottom surface 120 may be a plane, a stepped surface with a boss or a groove, or a curved surface, etc., and those skilled in the art may design and select according to actual conditions. The top surface 110 is the side of the oil distributor 100 away from the reduction box 200, and the bottom surface 120 is the side of the oil distributor 100 close to the reduction box 200.
[0039] The top surface 110 is provided with an oil inlet hole 111. The oil inlet hole 111 is connected to the oil inlet pipeline in the external oil circuit. For example, the lubricating oil in the oil tank is pumped into the oil inlet pipeline in the external oil circuit through a motor or an oil pump, and then enters the oil separation chamber of the oil separator 100 through the oil inlet hole 111. In order to ensure the quality of the lubricating oil and prevent pollutants in the external environment of the box from entering the reduction gearbox, a filter can also be provided between the external oil circuit and the motor or the oil pump.
[0040] Various connections in the present invention, such as the connection between the oil inlet pipe and the oil inlet hole 111, can be connected using NPT threads (when there are more flexible connections) and G threads (when there are more rigid connections), which is convenient for replacement and switching.
[0041] The side surface 130 is provided with at least one oil outlet 131. The utility model does not limit the number of the oil outlets 131. In this embodiment, the number of the oil outlets 131 is 4, and the 4 oil outlets 131 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the side surface 130. The oil outlet 131 is connected to the lubrication pipeline 132. The lubricating oil in the oil separation chamber enters the lubrication pipeline 132 through the oil outlet 131 and is transported to the area to be lubricated. The area to be lubricated is, for example, a friction pair surface such as a gear or a bearing. In this embodiment, the gear pair is taken as an example of the area to be lubricated. The gear pair includes, for example, a large gear and a small gear meshing with each other, and the diameter of the large gear is greater than the diameter of the small gear.
[0042] The lubricating oil in the oil distribution chamber can also enter the lubrication pipeline 132 through the oil outlet 131 and be transported to the built-in oil circuit, thereby being transported to other locations along the built-in oil circuit. The built-in oil circuit can be an oil circuit opened in the housing 210 of the reduction gearbox 200.
[0043] The bottom surface 120 is arranged at the through hole 211 of the housing 210 of the reduction box 200. The connection method between the oil distributor 100 and the housing 210 includes but is not limited to bolt connection, snap connection, etc. The bottom surface 120 is provided with at least one oil injection hole 121, and the oil injection hole 121 is connected to the inside of the housing 210 of the reduction box 200, and is used to transport lubricating oil to the area to be lubricated in the housing 210, that is, the oil injection hole 121 directly provides lubricating oil to the area to be lubricated in the housing 210 without connecting other oil pipelines and other structures.
[0044] The utility model does not limit the number and position of the oil injection holes 121. When there are multiple oil injection holes 121, they can be arranged in a linear, circular or square shape. In this embodiment, four oil injection holes 121 arranged in a linear shape are used as an example for description. As needed, the oil injection directions of the multiple oil injection holes 121 can be the same or different.
[0045] In order to achieve sealing between the oil separator 100 and the housing 210 of the reduction box 200, a sealing structure is provided between the oil separator 100 and the housing 210, and the sealing structure includes but is not limited to a sealing ring or a sealant, etc. Among them, the size of the through hole 211 is set corresponding to the oil separator 100, so that the oil separator 100 and the housing 210 can be sealed and connected, and at least one oil injection hole 121 can be located in the through hole 211, so that the lubricating oil can directly enter the housing 210 of the reduction box 200 from the oil separation chamber of the oil separator 100 through the oil injection hole 121 and the through hole 211, and provide lubricating oil for the area to be lubricated.
[0046] For example, when the gear pair in the reduction box 200 needs to be lubricated, the oil separator 100 is arranged above the meshing part of the gear pair, and at this time, the through hole 211 is opened above the meshing part of the gear pair. In other words, the projection of the oil separator 100 in the vertical direction intersects with the meshing part of the gear pair.
[0047] In order to distribute the lubricant more accurately, Figure 7 In the embodiment, the injection range of the injection hole 121 is located between the line connecting the center of the oil distributor 100 and the center of the large gear and the line connecting the center of the oil distributor 100 and the center of the small gear, and the injection range α is less than 140°.
[0048] In order to accurately install the oil separator 100, the oil separator 100 is also provided with an error-proofing structure, which includes but is not limited to an arrow mark (such as Figure 4 As shown in ), a limit groove is arranged on the oil separator 100, etc.
[0049] Through the above arrangement, the lubricating oil can flow through multiple locations of the reduction gearbox that require lubrication.
[0050] It should be added that in order to simplify the oil circuit design, for the reduction box 200 with many internal lubrication points and narrow space, the local thickened parts of the radial ribs can be used to process the built-in oil circuit in conjunction with the convenience of casting, and the corresponding rib plate structure can be added according to the demand for the built-in oil channel. Usually, the built-in oil circuit is processed by the rib plate at the nearest position. The use of the built-in oil circuit can reduce the number of pipes and avoid welding pipes. It should be added that the aspect ratio of the built-in oil circuit should not be too large, otherwise it will cause the oil hole to deviate, or require a drill with higher rigidity to increase the processing cost, so the aspect ratio should generally not exceed 20.
[0051] However, due to the complex structure inside the reduction box 200, the traditional built-in oil circuit often cannot deliver the lubricating oil to all areas to be lubricated, such as multiple rotating planetary gears and bearings. The utility model also provides an oil separator block, wherein an oil separator channel is provided inside the oil separator block, one end of the oil separator channel is an oil inlet connected to the built-in oil circuit, and the other end of the oil separator channel is at least one oil injection port leading to the area to be lubricated, that is, one end of the built-in oil circuit is connected to the lubrication pipeline 132, and the other end is connected to the oil inlet of the oil separator block, so that the lubricating oil in the oil separator chamber of the oil separator 100 can enter the lubrication pipeline 132 through the oil outlet 131 and then be delivered to the built-in oil circuit, and then be delivered to the oil inlet of the oil separator block along the built-in oil circuit, so as to be more accurately delivered to the area to be lubricated.
[0052] The utility model does not limit the specific fixing and sealing method of the oil separator block, and bolt fixing, applying sealant, welding, interference fit, O-ring, etc. can be used.
[0053] The utility model does not limit the specific structure of the oil separator block, and those skilled in the art can design it according to needs. Two oil separator blocks are exemplarily described below.
[0054] Figure 8 This is the front view of the oil separation plate of the utility model; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 AA section view; Fig.10 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the utility model oil distribution plate. Figures 8 to 10As shown, the oil separator block is, for example, an oil separator plate 800, and the oil separator plate 800 is (roughly) T-shaped. An oil separator plate oil separator channel 810 is provided inside the oil separator plate 800, and one end of the oil separator plate oil separator channel 810 is an oil separator plate oil inlet 811 connected to a built-in oil circuit (for example, the built-in oil circuit 880 shown in the figure), and the other end is at least one oil separator plate oil injection port 812 leading to the area to be lubricated. Exemplarily, the oil separator plate 800 can be provided on one side of a bearing (for example, the rear bearing 890 of a large gear, etc.), and lubricating oil is provided to the bearing through the oil separator plate oil injection port 812.
[0055] In order to fix the oil separator plate 800, the oil separator plate is further provided with fixing holes 820, and bolts or the like can be used to fix the oil separator plate 800 to the housing 210 of the reduction box 200 through the fixing holes 820. Preferably, the number of the fixing holes 820 is 2, and the 2 fixing holes 820 are arranged on both sides of the oil separator channel 810 of the oil separator plate.
[0056] Fig.11 This is the front view of the oil distribution ring of the utility model; Fig.12 for Fig.11 BB cross-sectional view; Fig.13 for Fig.12 A partial enlarged view of Figures 11 to 13 As shown, the oil separation block is, for example, an oil separation ring 900. The oil separation ring 900 is roughly annular, and includes an oil inlet ring belt 911, a plurality of oil separation ring oil separation channels 910, and a plurality of oil separation ring oil injection ports 912, which are sequentially arranged along the lubricating oil delivery direction. Among them, the oil inlet ring belt 911 is arranged around the circumference of the oil separation ring 900; one end of the oil separation ring oil separation channel 910 is connected to the oil inlet ring belt 911, and the other end is connected to the oil separation ring oil injection port 912, and the oil separation ring oil separation channel 910 is arranged along the radial direction of the oil separation ring 900; the oil separation ring oil injection port 912 is arranged on the side of the oil separation ring 900, and the plurality of oil separation ring oil injection ports 912 are preferably arranged in a ring shape. The utility model does not limit the specific position of the oil separation ring oil injection port 912, which can be adjusted according to the area to be lubricated.
[0057] The lubricating oil in the oil separation chamber of the oil separator 100 can enter the lubrication pipeline 132 through the oil outlet 131 and be transported to the built-in oil circuit, and then be transported to the oil inlet ring belt 911 of the oil separation ring 900 along the built-in oil circuit, and then pass through the oil separation channel 910 of the oil separation ring and be sprayed out from the oil separation ring oil injection port 912.
[0058] Exemplarily, the oil separator ring 900 may be disposed on one side of the area to be lubricated (eg, planetary gears, planetary bearings, and parallel stage gear rear bearings, etc.), and lubricating oil may be provided to the area to be lubricated through the oil separator ring oil injection port 912 .
[0059] In order to enable the oil dividing ring 900 to be installed more accurately, a flange 920 may be further provided on the side of the oil dividing ring 900. By adjusting the specific structure of the flange 920, the installation position of the oil dividing ring 900 may be controlled and the oil dividing ring 900 may be prevented from being installed upside down.
[0060] The utility model does not limit the specific shapes and angles of the oil inlet ring 911, the multiple oil separation ring oil separation channels 910, and the multiple oil separation ring oil injection ports 912, which can be adjusted as needed. Preferably, the aperture of the oil separation ring oil injection port 912 is 0.5mm to 10mm; the oil separation ring oil injection port 912 can be located on one side or both sides of the oil separation ring 900.
[0061] The above-mentioned oil dividing blocks such as the oil dividing ring 900 or the oil dividing plate 800 can more accurately control the injection position of the lubricating oil. Compared with the traditional built-in oil circuit, the oil dividing block is easy to process and increases the flexibility of the built-in oil circuit.
[0062] To sum up, the utility model provides an oil separator with both an oil outlet and an oil spray hole, so that the oil separator can not only transport the lubricating oil to different lubrication pipes to provide lubricating oil for multiple lubrication points, but also can directly spray the lubricating oil to the lubrication points inside the reduction gear box, thereby reducing the number of oil pipelines inside the reduction gear box and avoiding damage to the gears by the broken parts when the welding parts of the oil pipelines are broken, thereby achieving good lubrication effect and long service life. In addition, the design of oil dividing blocks such as oil dividing rings or oil dividing plates increases the flexibility of the built-in oil circuit and can more accurately control the injection position of the lubricating oil.
[0063] Reference numerals list
[0064] 100 Oil separator
[0065] 110 Top
[0066] 111 Oil inlet
[0067] 120 Bottom
[0068] 121 Oil injection hole
[0069] 130 Side
[0070] 131 Oil outlet
[0071] 132 Lubrication pipeline
[0072] 200 reduction gearbox
[0073] 210 Shell
[0074] 211 Through hole
[0075] 800 oil distributor
[0076] 810 Oil distribution plate oil distribution channel
[0077] 811 Oil distributor plate oil inlet
[0078] 812 Oil distributor plate oil injection port
[0079] 820 fixing holes
[0080] 880 built-in oil circuit
[0081] 890 rear bearing
[0082] 900 Oil distribution ring
[0083] 911 Oil inlet ring
[0084] 910 Oil distribution ring oil distribution channel
[0085] 912 Oil distributor ring oil injection port
[0086] 920 Flange
Claims
1. An oil separator, comprising a top surface (110) and a bottom surface (120) opposite to each other, and a side surface (130) located between the top surface (110) and the bottom surface (120), wherein the top surface (110), the bottom surface (120) and the side surface (130) are arranged to form an oil separation chamber. It is characterized in that The top surface (110) is provided with an oil inlet hole (111), and the oil inlet hole (111) is connected to an oil inlet pipeline in an external oil circuit; The side surface (130) is provided with at least one oil outlet (131), and the oil outlet (131) is connected to a lubrication pipeline (132); The bottom surface (120) is arranged at a through hole (211) of a housing (210) of a reduction gearbox, and the bottom surface (120) is provided with at least one oil injection hole (121), and the oil injection hole (121) is connected to the interior of the housing (210) of the reduction gearbox.
2. The oil separator according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The lubrication pipeline (132) is partially connected to the built-in oil circuit.
3. The oil separator according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The plurality of oil injection holes (121) are arranged in a line, and the oil injection directions of the plurality of oil injection holes (121) are the same or different.
4. The oil separator according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A sealing structure is provided between the oil separator and the housing (210).
5. A reduction gearbox, It is characterized in that The housing (210) of the reduction gearbox is provided with an oil separator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The reduction gearbox according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The through hole (211) of the housing (210) of the reduction box is located above the meshing position of the gear pair of the reduction box, and the projection of the oil separator in the vertical direction intersects with the meshing position of the gear pair.
7. The reduction gearbox according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The oil injection range of the oil injection hole (121) is located between the line connecting the center of the oil distributor and the center of the large gear of the gear pair and the line connecting the center of the oil distributor and the center of the small gear of the gear pair.
8. The reduction gearbox according to claim 5, It is characterized in that One end of the built-in oil circuit of the reduction box is in communication with the lubrication pipeline (132), and an oil separator is provided at the other end.
9. The reduction gearbox according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The oil separation block is an oil separation plate (800), the oil separation plate (800) is T-shaped, an oil separation plate oil separation channel (810) is arranged inside the oil separation plate (800), one end of the oil separation plate oil separation channel (810) is an oil separation plate oil inlet (811) connected to the built-in oil circuit, and the other end is at least one oil separation plate oil injection port (812) leading to the area to be lubricated.
10. The reduction gearbox according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The oil separation block is annular and comprises an oil inlet ring belt (911), a plurality of oil separation ring oil separation channels (910) and a plurality of oil separation ring oil injection ports (912) which are sequentially arranged along the lubricating oil conveying direction.