Double-annular-groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna
By designing a double-ring groove structure and a microstrip-rectangular slot coupled feed structure on the dielectric resonator antenna, the problem of the gain of the existing dielectric resonator antenna is inversely proportional to the bandwidth, achieving both high gain and broadband, and Simplifies the structure and improves the ease of manufacturing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421096350.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-20
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-20
AI Technical Summary
While the existing monomer dielectric resonator antennas have narrow bandwidth and complex structures, it is difficult to achieve both broadband and high gain.
Design a double-ring groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna, adopting a dielectric substrate and a dielectric resonator radiator, and the feeding microstrip lines are printed on the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric resonator radiator is etched up and down to the annular groove structure, combining Microstrip-rectangular slot coupled feed structure, reduces dielectric constant, excites higher-order modes, and improves pattern and impedance matching.
It achieves a balance between broadband and high gain, with a simple and compact structure and easy to process and manufacture. The simulation curve shows stable high gain and good impedance matching in a specific frequency band.
Smart Images
Figure CN222233872U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a double-annular groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communications, dielectric resonator antennas have attracted the attention of wireless communication researchers, especially in the millimeter wave band. Millimeter wave antennas require broadband and high gain performance to achieve high-speed data transmission, low latency and high reliability. Generally speaking, the gain of a monomeric dielectric resonator antenna is not high and the bandwidth is not wide. The main ways to achieve high gain of dielectric resonator antennas are to form an array and stack dielectrics, but both of these methods will increase the complexity of the dielectric resonator antenna structure and are not conducive to antenna processing. Under normal circumstances, the gain of the antenna is inversely proportional to the antenna bandwidth, that is, the greater the gain, the narrower its bandwidth. Therefore, while improving the antenna gain, it is also necessary to give the antenna a good bandwidth. Summary of the invention
[0003] The utility model aims to overcome the defects in the current technology and provide a high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna with double annular grooves.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a double annular groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate and a dielectric resonator radiator. The bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is engraved with a feeding microstrip line, the upper surface of the dielectric substrate is plated with a metal grounding surface, and a gap coupled with the feeding microstrip line is etched on the grounding surface; the dielectric resonator radiator is arranged on the grounding surface, and an annular groove structure is engraved at the upper and lower ends of the radiator.
[0005] In the utility model, the dielectric resonator radiator adopts a cylindrical ceramic material, and its relative dielectric constant is 6.7.
[0006] In the utility model, the two annular grooves carved at the upper and lower ends of the dielectric resonator radiator have exactly the same structural shapes.
[0007] In the utility model, the center line of the two engraved annular groove structures coincides with the center line of the radiator of the cylindrical dielectric resonator.
[0008] In the utility model, the dielectric substrate adopts a rectangular dielectric material, and its relative dielectric constant is 2.2.
[0009] In the utility model, the grounding surface is a square metal plating layer, and a rectangular gap is etched at the center position of the square metal plating layer.
[0010] In the utility model, the feeding microstrip line is a rectangular microstrip line engraved on the bottom of the dielectric substrate, and is coupled with the rectangular gap to form a coupled feeding structure.
[0011] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model double annular groove high gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna adopts a microstrip-rectangular slot coupling feeding structure, and annular grooves are carved at the upper and lower ends of the dielectric resonator antenna. The annular groove is equivalent to introducing air medium into the dielectric resonator antenna structure, reducing the dielectric constant of the resonator, thereby widening the working frequency band of the antenna, and the design structure excites the high-order mode of the antenna, improves the antenna gain, and also introduces a perturbation of the electric field, improves the influence of the side lobe of the antenna pattern, and adjusts the width and depth of the annular groove, so that the antenna can achieve good impedance matching. At the same time, the dielectric resonator antenna design of the utility model is small in size, simple in structure, compact, and easy to process and manufacture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model.
[0013] Figure 2 It is a side view schematic diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model.
[0014] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model.
[0015] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the dielectric substrate of the dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model.
[0016] Figure 5 It is a simulation curve diagram of the reflection coefficient and gain of the dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model.
[0017] Figure 6 It is the E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model at the center frequency.
[0018] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 8 It is a top view schematic diagram of the dielectric substrate of the circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model.
[0020] Fig. 9 It is a simulation curve diagram of the reflection coefficient and gain of the circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model.
[0021] Fig.10 This is a simulation curve diagram of the axial ratio of the circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementations, but is not intended to limit the present invention.
[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-annular groove high-gain millimeter-wave dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model, comprising a dielectric substrate 1 and a dielectric resonator radiator 4, wherein the dielectric substrate 1 is made of a rectangular Rogers5880 material with a relative dielectric constant of 2.2; a metal ground plane 2 is plated on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and a rectangular gap is etched in the center of the ground plane; a feeding microstrip line 3 is printed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, which is coupled with the rectangular gap to excite the dielectric resonator; the dielectric resonator radiator 4 is arranged on the ground plane 2, and the dielectric resonator radiator is made of a cylindrical ceramic material with a relative dielectric constant of 6.7; an annular groove structure 5 is engraved at the upper and lower ends of the dielectric radiator.
[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, it is a side view schematic diagram of the double annular groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model. The annular groove 51 at the upper end of the dielectric resonator radiator 4 and the annular groove 52 at the lower end are exactly the same in shape, and the center line of the two annular grooves 5 coincides with the center line of the cylindrical radiator 4. The height of the dielectric substrate 1 is H1=0.254mm, and the side length is G=20mm. The height of the cylindrical dielectric resonator radiator 4 is H2=6mm, and the height of the annular groove 5 is H3=2mm.
[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, it is a top view schematic diagram of the double annular groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model, the radius of the cylindrical dielectric resonator radiator 4 is R1=3mm, the inner diameter of the annular groove 5 is R2=1.5mm, and the outer diameter is R3=1.7mm.
[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, it is a top view of the dielectric substrate of the double-annular groove high-gain millimeter-wave dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model. The upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1 is plated with a metal ground plane 2, and the ground plane is a square metal coating with a side length of G=20mm. A rectangular gap is etched in the center of the ground plane 2, and the length of the rectangular gap is L1=3.2mm and the width is W1=0.5mm; a feeding microstrip line 3 is engraved on the bottom of the dielectric substrate 1, and the length of the microstrip line is L2=11.3mm and the width is W2=0.76mm.
[0027] like Figure 5As shown, it is a simulation curve diagram of the reflection coefficient and gain of the double annular groove high-gain millimeter-wave dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model. From the S11 curve, it can be obtained that the reflection coefficient of the dielectric resonator antenna is less than -10dB in the frequency band of 34.18-43.12GHz, and its impedance bandwidth is 23.13%; from the gain curve, it can be obtained that the maximum gain of the dielectric resonator antenna in the working frequency band is 11.54dBi, and in the frequency band of 32.95-39.85GHz, the antenna gain is higher than 10dBi. The dielectric resonator antenna has a stable high gain near the center frequency, and this design improves the impedance bandwidth and gain of the antenna to a certain extent.
[0028] like Figure 6 As shown, the radiation pattern of the E-plane and H-plane of the double-annular groove high-gain millimeter-wave dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model at the center frequency of 38.6 GHz. The directivity of the dielectric resonator antenna is relatively concentrated, and the side lobes are small.
[0029] In wireless communication, reflection or refraction of electromagnetic waves during propagation can cause polarization mismatch. Circularly polarized antennas can not only receive incoming waves of any polarization, but their radiated waves can also be received by any polarized antenna. Even in bad weather, the attenuation is small, and they have a strong ability to penetrate the ionosphere. There is no need to adjust the polarization, and the polarization mismatch is also small.
[0030] like Figure 7 The figure shows the structure of the circular polarization dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model. Figure 1 Based on the double annular groove high-gain millimeter-wave dielectric resonator antenna, the circular polarization characteristics are realized by changing the shape of the coupling slot, and a high-gain millimeter-wave circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna with double annular grooves is designed. Except for the ground plane slot, all configuration parameters of the circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna are the same as Figure 1 The dual annular groove high gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna is the same.
[0031] like Figure 8 The figure shows a top view of the dielectric substrate of the circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model. The upper surface of the dielectric substrate is plated with a square metal layer as a ground plane, and a horizontal "Z"-shaped gap is etched at the center of the ground plane, wherein the left and right parallel horizontal sides L3 and L4 of the horizontal "Z"-shaped gap are of unequal lengths. A feeding microstrip line is printed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate to form a gap-coupled feeding structure with the horizontal "Z"-shaped gap of the ground plane, thereby realizing circular polarization of the antenna without changing the antenna working mode.
[0032] like Fig. 9As shown, it is a simulation curve diagram of the reflection coefficient and gain of the circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model. From the S11 curve, it can be obtained that the reflection coefficient of the dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model is less than -10dB in the frequency band of 34.3-42.4 GHz, and its impedance bandwidth is 21.12%. From the gain curve, it can be obtained that the maximum gain in the working frequency band is 11.6dBi, and the 3dB gain bandwidth in the entire working frequency band is 19.37% (33.1-40.2 GHz). The overall gain change is relatively stable, and the radiation intensity of the antenna is relatively stable in the working frequency band.
[0033] like Fig.10 The figure shows the axial ratio simulation curve of the circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the utility model. It can be obtained from the axial ratio curve that the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna is 10.66% (36.4 - 40.5GHz). The circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna realizes circular polarization through a microstrip-transverse "Z"-shaped slot coupling feeding structure, and achieves good antenna performance by engraving a circular groove structure on the dielectric resonator radiator.
Claims
1. A double annular groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dielectric substrate and a dielectric resonator radiator. The bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is printed with a feeding microstrip line, the upper surface of the dielectric substrate is plated with a metal grounding surface, and a gap coupled with the feeding microstrip line is etched on the grounding surface; the dielectric resonator radiator is arranged on the grounding surface, and an annular groove structure is engraved at the upper and lower ends of the radiator.
2. The double annular groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric resonator radiator is made of cylindrical ceramic material, and its relative dielectric constant is 6.
7.
3. The double annular groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular grooves carved at the upper and lower ends of the dielectric resonator radiator have exactly the same structure.
4. The double annular groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The center line of the two engraved annular groove structures coincides with the center line of the radiator of the cylindrical dielectric resonator.
5. The double-annular groove high-gain millimeter-wave dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate is made of a rectangular dielectric material, and its relative dielectric constant is 2.
2.
6. The double-annular groove high-gain millimeter-wave dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground plane is a square metal plating layer, and a rectangular gap is etched at the center of the square metal plating layer.
7. The double annular groove high-gain millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding microstrip line is a rectangular microstrip line printed on the bottom of the dielectric substrate, coupled with the rectangular gap to form a coupled feeding structure.