Passive fuel cell outdoor power supply

Abstract

The utility model provides a passive fuel cell outdoor power supply. The passive fuel cell outdoor power supply comprises an electric pile unit, a hydrogen supply unit, an oxygen supply unit, a DC / AC conversion unit, an auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit and a power distribution control unit, the electric pile unit is respectively connected with the hydrogen supply unit, the DC / AC conversion unit and the auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit; the auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit is respectively connected with the DC / AC conversion unit and the power distribution control unit; the oxygen supply unit is communicated with the electric pile unit; and the DC / AC conversion unit is connected with a load. The galvanic pile unit is directly connected with the DC / AC converter unit, stable output of voltage can be realized, and overlarge temperature deviation and overshoot of the galvanic pile can be avoided, so that the galvanic pile is ensured to be in a proper working state, and stable output of the voltage when a load suddenly changes can also be ensured. The structure is simple, the number of parts is small, the cost is low, and the reliability of the power supply is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a passive fuel cell outdoor power source. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a chemical device that converts the chemical energy of a fuel directly into electrical energy. For existing fuel cell outdoor power supplies, the electrical energy generated by the stack needs to be boosted (stepped down) by a DC / DC converter (DC-to-DC Converter) before being inverted and output by a DC / AC converter (DC-to-AC Converter). At the same time, a battery is generally required on the load side as an energy supplement. When the DC / DC converter is working in an active state, the controller needs to communicate in real time to control the power generation so as to charge the battery. Therefore, for the current fuel cell outdoor power supply, the energy of its stack needs to pass through a DC / DC converter and a DC / AC converter, which greatly reduces the working efficiency; at the same time, the device requires a DC / DC converter and an additional battery on the load side for supplementing / absorbing energy, which increases the complexity and control requirements of the equipment, increases the cost of use, and reduces the reliability of the outdoor power supply.

[0003] The DC / DC converter and lithium battery are mainly used to stabilize the working condition of the battery stack and prevent temperature overshoot. However, the cost and complexity of its BOP (referring to the non-battery components of the hydrogen fuel cell system, including hydrogen storage, hydrogen distribution, hydrogen generator, wet filter, water generator, insulator, coolant system, control and monitoring system, etc.) will have a more obvious impact on low-power application scenarios. The BOP cost will account for 1 / 3 of the cost, which is relatively high and can hardly meet the needs of actual use. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on this, the utility model provides a passive fuel cell outdoor power supply, aiming to solve the problems of high BOP cost, complex equipment connection, low reliability, unsuitability for application in low-power scenarios, and difficulty in meeting actual use needs of existing fuel cells.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the utility model proposes the following technical solution: a passive fuel cell outdoor power supply, including a battery stack unit, a hydrogen supply unit, an oxygen supply unit, a DC / AC conversion unit, an auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit and a power distribution control unit;

[0006] The stack unit is respectively connected to the hydrogen supply unit, the DC / AC conversion unit, and the auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit; the auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit is respectively connected to the DC / AC conversion unit and the power distribution control unit; the oxygen supply unit is connected to the stack unit; the DC / AC conversion unit is connected to a load (i.e., an output unit).

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the load is connected in parallel with a capacitor; the load is a battery, a light bulb, a resistor or a fan. The fuel cell outdoor power supply of this application can be used to power the load battery. Due to the special emergency nature of the outdoor power supply, a capacitor can be connected in parallel to the load end. By filtering the high-frequency components of the battery stack unit through the parallel capacitor, a stable output can be achieved, avoiding excessive temperature deviation of the battery stack and avoiding instantaneous intervention surges.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, a first contactor is provided between the battery stack unit and the DC / AC conversion unit, and the first contactor is connected to the battery stack unit and the DC / AC conversion unit respectively. After the system runs stably, the first contactor is used to control the access timing of the load; when a related fault alarm occurs in the system, the first contactor, as a protection element, can control the disconnection of the load connection.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, a second contactor and a protection element connected in series are also provided between the battery stack unit and the DC / AC conversion unit; the protection element is provided between the second contactor and the DC / AC conversion unit; the second contactor is connected in parallel with the first contactor. By providing a second contactor, in an emergency, the system can directly intervene in the load, and match the protection element (such as a resistor) to prevent surge shock, avoiding the risk of damage caused by direct load access when the voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell system is still unstable.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the protection element is a resistor.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, a first solenoid valve and a pressure reducing valve are provided between the hydrogen supply unit and the stack unit, wherein the first solenoid valve is connected to the hydrogen supply unit and the pressure reducing valve respectively, and the pressure reducing valve is connected to the stack unit. The supply flow of hydrogen can be effectively controlled by the first solenoid valve and the pressure reducing valve.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, a second solenoid valve is provided between the pressure reducing valve and the fuel cell stack unit, and the supply flow rate of hydrogen can be further effectively controlled through the second solenoid valve.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, a proportional unloading valve is provided between the pressure reducing valve and the second solenoid valve, and the proportional unloading valve is connected to the hydrogen discharge unit. The supply ratio of hydrogen can be further effectively controlled through the proportional unloading valve.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, a hydrogen concentration sensor is provided between the first solenoid valve and the pressure reducing valve, and between the second solenoid valve and the fuel cell stack unit.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, a hydrogen exhaust valve is provided on the fuel cell unit, and the hydrogen exhaust valve is connected to the hydrogen exhaust unit.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, a first current sensor and a first voltage sensor connected in series with the first contactor are arranged between the battery stack unit and the first contactor, and the first current sensor is arranged close to the battery stack unit; the first current sensor, the first voltage sensor and the second contactor are connected in series in sequence.

[0017] As a preferred implementation, a second current sensor and a second voltage sensor are provided between the DC / AC conversion unit and the load, and the second current sensor is provided between the second voltage sensor and the DC / AC conversion unit.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are also provided on the battery stack unit.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the oxygen supply unit is a fan.

[0020] In the embodiment of the present application, the passive fuel cell outdoor power supply is a low-power power supply, and its power is generally 1 kW.

[0021] Beneficial effects achieved by the utility model: the utility model can achieve stable voltage output by directly connecting the battery stack unit to the DC / AC converter unit, and can avoid excessive temperature deviation of the battery stack and overshoot, thereby ensuring that the battery stack is in a suitable working state and can also ensure stable voltage output when the load changes suddenly. The utility model has a simple structure, a small number of parts, and a low cost, which can reduce the system cost by 1 / 3, can be used without communication, and effectively improves the reliability of the power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural block diagram of a passive fuel cell outdoor power supply according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of a passive fuel cell outdoor power supply;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Electrical schematic diagram of passive fuel cell outdoor power supply;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of partial control flow of passive fuel cell outdoor power supply.

[0027] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the utility model will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0029] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0032] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the utility model, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the utility model.

[0033] Specifically, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the embodiment of the utility model provides a passive fuel cell outdoor power supply, including a battery stack unit 10, a hydrogen supply unit 20, an oxygen supply unit 30, a DC / AC conversion unit 40, an auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit 50 and a power distribution control unit 60;

[0034] The stack unit 10 is respectively connected to the hydrogen supply unit 20, the DC / AC conversion unit 40, and the auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit 50; the auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit 50 is respectively connected to the DC / AC conversion unit 40 and the power distribution control unit 60; the oxygen supply unit 30 is connected to the stack unit 10; the DC / AC conversion unit 40 is connected to the load 70 (i.e., the output unit).

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, the load 70 is connected in parallel with a capacitor (not marked in the figure); the load 70 is a battery, a light bulb, a resistor or a fan. The fuel cell outdoor power supply of the present application can be used to power a load (such as a battery). Due to the special emergency nature of the outdoor power supply, a capacitor can be connected in parallel to the load 70 end. By filtering the high-frequency components of the battery stack unit through the parallel capacitor, a stable output can be achieved, avoiding excessive temperature deviations of the battery stack and avoiding instantaneous intervention surges.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, a first contactor 80 is provided between the battery stack unit 10 and the DC / AC conversion unit 40, and the first contactor 80 is respectively connected to the battery stack unit 10 and the DC / AC conversion unit 40. After the system is running stably, the first contactor 80 is used to control the access timing of the load 70; when a related fault alarm occurs in the system, the first contactor 80, as a protection element, can control the disconnection of the load 70.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, a second contactor 90 and a protection element 100 connected in series are also provided between the battery stack unit 10 and the DC / AC conversion unit 40; the protection element 100 is provided between the second contactor 90 and the DC / AC conversion unit 40; the second contactor 90 is connected in parallel with the first contactor 80. By providing the second contactor 100, in an emergency, the system can directly intervene with the load 70, and the matching protection element 100 (such as a resistor) is used to prevent surge shock, so as to avoid the risk of damage caused by direct access to the load 70 when the voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell system is still unstable.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the protection element 100 is a resistor.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, a first solenoid valve 21 and a pressure reducing valve 22 are provided between the hydrogen supply unit 20 and the stack unit 10, wherein the first solenoid valve 21 is connected to the hydrogen supply unit 20 and the pressure reducing valve 22 respectively, and the pressure reducing valve 22 is connected to the stack unit 10. The supply flow of hydrogen can be effectively controlled by the first solenoid valve 21 and the pressure reducing valve 22.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, a second solenoid valve 23 is provided between the pressure reducing valve 22 and the fuel cell stack unit 10. The second solenoid valve 23 can further effectively control the supply flow of hydrogen.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, a proportional unloading valve 24 is provided between the pressure reducing valve 22 and the second solenoid valve 23 , and the proportional unloading valve 24 is connected to the hydrogen discharge unit N. The proportional unloading valve 24 can further effectively control the supply ratio of hydrogen.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, a hydrogen concentration sensor H is provided between the first solenoid valve 21 and the pressure reducing valve 22 , and between the second solenoid valve 23 and the stack unit 10 .

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, a hydrogen discharge valve 11 is provided on the fuel cell stack unit 10 , and the hydrogen discharge valve 11 is connected to the hydrogen discharge unit N.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, a first current sensor (not marked in the figure) and a first voltage sensor (not marked in the figure) connected in series with the first contactor 80 are arranged between the battery stack unit 10 and the first contactor 80, and the first current sensor is arranged close to the battery stack unit 10; the first current sensor, the first voltage sensor and the second contactor 90 are connected in series in sequence.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, a second current sensor (not marked in the figure) and a second voltage sensor (not marked in the figure) are arranged between the DC / AC conversion unit 40 and the load 70, and the second current sensor is arranged between the second voltage sensor and the DC / AC conversion unit 40.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the battery stack unit 10 is also provided with a temperature sensor (not marked in the figure) and a humidity sensor (not marked in the figure).

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, the oxygen supply unit 30 is a fan.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the passive fuel cell outdoor power supply is a low-power power supply, and its power is generally 1 kW.

[0049] The outdoor power supply of this application can preset the gear according to the different terminal loads. In the process of adjusting the output gear, the components of the outdoor power supply such as solenoid valves and fans need to change their strategies according to the different output gears (rather than being set and regulated by external commands). Through the outdoor power supply of this application, the battery stack can be directly connected to the DC / AC conversion device, and the load parallel capacitor can filter the high-frequency component, which can achieve stable output, while avoiding excessive temperature deviation of the battery stack and overshoot; Figure 4 As shown, when hydrogen is not circulating, a pulse exhaust mode is adopted: an upper limit of current integration is set, and when it is reached, the valve is opened to exhaust for 0.5s to purge excess liquid water at the anode and maintain mass transfer efficiency.

[0050] When the system starts, you need to manually close the 24V circuit breaker, and the battery will supply power to other components and the power distribution control unit. After the battery stack is started, it will start to output power and charge the battery; the system supports a series of safety measures such as load starting and battery stack low voltage protection.

[0051] The embodiment of the present application can achieve stable voltage output by directly connecting the battery stack unit to the DC / AC converter unit, and can also avoid excessive temperature deviation of the battery stack and overshoot, thereby ensuring that the battery stack is in a suitable working state and can also ensure stable voltage output when the load changes suddenly. The present application has a simple structure, a small number of parts, and a low cost, which can reduce the system cost by 1 / 3, can be used without communication, and effectively improves the reliability of the power supply.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "an embodiment", "example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0053] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the utility model. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the utility model specification and drawings under the utility model concept, or directly / indirectly used in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A passive fuel cell outdoor power source, characterized in that: It includes a fuel cell unit, a hydrogen supply unit, an oxygen supply unit, a DC / AC conversion unit, an auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit and a power distribution control unit; The stack unit is respectively connected to the hydrogen supply unit, the DC / AC conversion unit, and the auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit; the auxiliary DC / DC conversion unit is respectively connected to the DC / AC conversion unit and the power distribution control unit; the oxygen supply unit is connected to the stack unit; and the DC / AC conversion unit is connected to a load.

2. The passive fuel cell outdoor power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load is connected in parallel with the capacitor; the load is a battery, a light bulb, a resistor or a fan.

3. The passive fuel cell outdoor power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first contactor is provided between the battery stack unit and the DC / AC conversion unit, and the first contactor is connected to the battery stack unit and the DC / AC conversion unit respectively.

4. The passive fuel cell outdoor power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second contactor and a protection element connected in series are also provided between the battery stack unit and the DC / AC conversion unit; the protection element is provided between the second contactor and the DC / AC conversion unit; the second contactor is connected in parallel with the first contactor.

5. The passive fuel cell outdoor power supply according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protection element is a resistor.

6. The passive fuel cell outdoor power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first solenoid valve and a pressure reducing valve are provided between the hydrogen supply unit and the fuel cell stack unit. The first solenoid valve is connected to the hydrogen supply unit and the pressure reducing valve respectively, and the pressure reducing valve is connected to the fuel cell stack unit.

7. The passive fuel cell outdoor power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second solenoid valve is provided between the pressure reducing valve and the battery stack unit; A proportional unloading valve is arranged between the pressure reducing valve and the second solenoid valve, and the proportional unloading valve is connected to the hydrogen discharge unit.

8. The passive fuel cell outdoor power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that: A hydrogen concentration sensor is provided between the first solenoid valve and the pressure reducing valve, and between the second solenoid valve and the stack unit; The stack unit is provided with a hydrogen exhaust valve, which is connected to the hydrogen exhaust unit.

9. The passive fuel cell outdoor power supply according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first current sensor and a first voltage sensor connected in series with the first contactor are arranged between the battery stack unit and the first contactor, and the first current sensor is arranged close to the battery stack unit; the first current sensor, the first voltage sensor and the second contactor are connected in series in sequence.

10. The passive fuel cell outdoor power supply according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second current sensor and a second voltage sensor are provided between the DC / AC conversion unit and the load, and the second current sensor is provided between the second voltage sensor and the DC / AC conversion unit; The battery stack unit is also provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; The oxygen supply unit is a fan.

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