Hardening-preventing paste storage thickener without harrow frame

Abstract

The utility model provides a harrow-frame-free anti-hardening paste storage thickener which comprises a pool body, an overflow gathering groove formed in the outer edge of the top of the pool body, an overflow water discharge pipe arranged on the side face of the pool body and communicated with the overflow gathering groove, and a center feeding barrel arranged in the middle of the upper end of the pool body. The center feeding barrel is arranged in the pool body, the through-flow-preventing isolation hood is hung in the pool body and arranged below the center feeding barrel, the flow aiding component is arranged on the side wall of the lower portion of the pool body, the connecting line of the center of the through-flow-preventing isolation hood and the center of the center feeding barrel is parallel to the pool body, and the pool body is divided into a straight cylinder section, an inverted circular truncated cone section and a discharging buffering section from top to bottom. The storage capacity and the time limit of the thickener are increased through the two sections of inverted circular truncated cone cone bottoms, and it can be guaranteed that tailing flocs in an area are rapidly dehydrated to form high-concentration slurry; the flow aiding component on the pond wall can prevent the tailings in the area from being deposited through disturbance; the through-flow-preventing isolation hood can effectively prevent a through channel from being formed between the cone bottom section sand discharging layer and the upper deposition layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rapid solid-liquid separation, in particular to a rake-free anti-caking paste storage thickener. Background Art

[0002] Combined with the relevant policies of our country in the past decade, green environmental protection is the general trend of the development of the mining industry. The largest solid waste discharged by mining enterprises in the production process is tailings (or tailings, including whole tailings and graded tailings), with an annual output of about 1.4 billion tons. At present, it is still mainly stored in surface tailings ponds. While occupying a large amount of land, it poses a potential threat to the surrounding ecological environment and the safety of residents. At the same time, the approval of tailings ponds is becoming more and more difficult. How to achieve large-scale utilization of mine tailings has become the primary problem facing mining enterprises.

[0003] The backfill mining method is to use backfill materials to fill the goaf, and to prevent the rock from moving by supporting the two sides of the surrounding rock, so as to achieve the purpose of safe mining. At the same time, the backfill mining method has the advantages of high ore recovery rate, low loss and dilution rate, and reduced surface subsidence and environmental impact. It has gradually become the mainstream mining method in modern mining. For mining enterprises that adopt flotation industry, most of them use tailings as backfill aggregate. For every 1m 3 The goaf can consume 0.8 to 1.3 tons of tailings, so filling the goaf to consume tailings has become the preferred method for mining companies.

[0004] Tailings cementation filling can be divided into three parts, namely, the tailings thickening link, the filling slurry preparation link and the filling slurry transportation link. Its main process flow is: the tailings slurry with low mass concentration (10% to 25%) is pumped to the thickener of the filling preparation station through the concentrator, and physically reacts with the flocculant in the feed well of the thickener to produce flocs. The flocs are discharged into the mixing system after sedimentation and compression in the thickener to form a higher concentration slurry (60% to 74%), and then mixed with the cementitious material to form a qualified filling slurry, which is then self-flowed or pumped to the underground goaf through the filling pipeline. The strength of the filling slurry after hardening is directly linked to the filling cost. Realizing high-strength and low-cost filling has always been the common goal pursued by mining companies and scientific research institutes. The direct factors that affect the strength of the backfill body include the amount and type of cementitious materials, the concentration of the backfill slurry and the curing time. The most economical and easy-to-operate method is to increase the concentration of the backfill slurry. Therefore, the thickening effect of the thickener on the tailings (the level of sand release concentration and the time for stable high-concentration sand release) is crucial to the large-scale application of low-cost backfilling and backfilling mining technology.

[0005] Existing tailings thickening equipment mainly includes vertical sand bin, unpowered thickener and deep cone thickener. When using vertical sand bin, unpowered thickener or deep cone thickener alone to thicken tailings slurry, there are problems such as rapid decrease of sand concentration with sand release time and instability of sand release concentration and flow rate. To achieve high-concentration and stable sand release, a deep cone thickener + sand bin combination is usually adopted. The main disadvantages of this solution are large equipment investment and complex thickening process, which is difficult to promote and apply in small and medium-sized mines. On the other hand, the deep cone thickener adopts the principle of rake-driven sand release to guide the sand release. As a result, it is only suitable for finer tailings slurry (GBT51450 Technical Standard for Metal and Non-metal Mine Backfilling Engineering requires that the tailings -38μm content should not be less than 40%), with a small scope of application. In addition, when the deep cone thickener is used to concentrate the tailings slurry, it is very easy to cause a deep cone thickener rake crushing accident. The volume of the thickener is often thousands of cubic meters. If a rake crushing accident occurs, it takes a long time to empty all the materials, which has a great negative impact on the normal production of the mining enterprise. Therefore, the tailings slurry discharged by the existing tailings thickening equipment has a low concentration and the discharge concentration is unstable.

[0006] The inclination angles of existing high-efficiency thickeners or deep-cone thickeners are relatively small, generally within 30°, and the settled sand cannot flow to the discharge port by itself. If there is no rake to discharge the sand, the cone angle mud layer is compressed by the upper mud layer, and the settled sand at the bottom of the bin is easy to dehydrate and harden. If the cone angle of the thickener is increased, there will be problems such as reduced effective storage capacity of the thickener and increased investment costs.

[0007] In view of this, it is necessary to design an improved rake-free anti-caking paste storage thickener to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a rake-free anti-caking paste storage thickener, which is used to solve the problems of low buffering capacity, high energy consumption, fluctuation of bottom flow sand concentration, and pressure rake that easily affects production of ordinary high-efficiency thickeners and deep cone thickeners. The thickener can achieve high concentration, low energy consumption and stable sand release.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a rake-free anti-caking paste storage thickener, comprising a tank body, an overflow convergence trough arranged at the outer edge of the top of the tank body, an overflow water discharge pipe arranged on the side of the tank body and connected to the overflow convergence trough, a central feed barrel arranged in the middle of the upper end of the tank body, an anti-through flow isolation cover hoisted in the tank body and arranged below the central feed barrel, and a flow-aiding component arranged on the lower side wall of the tank body, the center of the anti-through flow isolation cover and the center of the central feed barrel are connected in parallel with the tank body, and the tank body is divided into a straight cylinder section, an inverted frustum section and a discharge buffer section from top to bottom.

[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model, the frustum section includes an upper frustum section and a lower frustum section, and the angle β between the upper frustum section and the horizontal plane is smaller than the angle α between the lower frustum section and the horizontal plane.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the angle β between the upper frustum section and the horizontal plane is greater than 30°.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the ratio of the total height H of the straight cylinder section and the inverted truncated cone section to the diameter R of the pool body satisfies H / R≥2; the ratio of the height H1 of the inverted truncated cone section to the diameter R of the pool body satisfies H1=1 / 2R; the height H2 of the discharge buffer section is 1.5~2m, and the ratio of its diameter R2 to the diameter R of the pool body satisfies R2=1 / 16R~1 / 12R.

[0013] As a further improvement of the utility model, a tailings slurry feed port is welded to the top side of the central feed barrel, and a floc dispersion disk is provided at the lower end of the central feed barrel.

[0014] As a further improvement of the utility model, a plurality of openings are provided on the top and sides of the anti-through flow isolation cover.

[0015] As a further improvement of the utility model, the anti-through flow isolation cover is conical in shape, with a diameter of R1.

[0016] As a further improvement of the utility model, the flow-aiding component includes a high-pressure wind flow-aiding nozzle arranged on the lower inner wall of the straight cylinder section and the inner wall of the upper frustum section, and a high-pressure wind supply pipe arranged on the outside of the pool body and connected to the high-pressure wind flow-aiding nozzle, and the high-pressure wind supply pipe is connected to the external high-pressure wind system.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the distribution height H3 of the high-pressure air flow-assisting nozzles on the inner wall of the lower part of the straight tube section satisfies the following formula:

[0018] H3=1 / 2(R-R1)×(tanα-tanβ);

[0019] Wherein, H3 is the distribution height of the high-pressure air flow-aiding nozzle on the lower inner wall of the straight cylinder section, R is the pool diameter, R1 is the diameter of the anti-through flow isolation cover, α is the angle between the lower inverted frustum section and the horizontal plane, and β is the angle between the upper inverted frustum section and the horizontal plane.

[0020] As a further improvement of the utility model, a sand discharge pipe is welded to the lower part of the discharge buffer section.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0022] 1. The utility model provides a non-rake anti-caking paste storage thickener, which includes a tank body, an overflow convergence trough arranged on the outer edge of the top of the tank body, an overflow water discharge pipe arranged on the side of the tank body and connected to the overflow convergence trough, a central feed barrel arranged in the middle of the upper end of the tank body, an anti-through flow isolation cover hoisted in the tank body and arranged below the central feed barrel, and a flow-aiding component arranged on the lower side wall of the tank body. The center of the anti-through flow isolation cover and the center of the central feed barrel are connected in parallel with the tank body. The tank body is divided into a straight cylinder section, an inverted frustum section and a discharge buffer section from top to bottom. The utility model sets the bottom of the tank body as a two-section inverted frustum cone bottom. Compared with the deep cone thickener, the internal drive rake frame is eliminated, which can realize a high mud layer in the thickener and increase the storage capacity and time limit of the thickener.

[0023] 2. The two inverted frustum cone bottoms of the upper and lower inverted frustum cone sections provided by the utility model have reduced force-bearing areas and withstand high pressure, which can ensure that the tailings flocs in the area are quickly dehydrated to form high-concentration slurry; the inverted frustum angle of the upper inverted frustum cone section is small, which can effectively ensure the buffer volume of the thickener, and a high-pressure wind flow-assisting nozzle is arranged on the pool wall. Through regular disturbance, it can prevent the tailings from silting up in the area and causing the effective storage capacity of the thickener to be reduced. At the same time, the high-pressure wind flow-assisting nozzle is in the shape of a tooth wheel, which can realize jet disturbance in a small area, better helping the tailings in the area to flow without affecting the sedimentation of the upper flocs; the cone angle of the lower inverted frustum cone section is large, which can ensure that the high-concentration tailings slurry flows smoothly into the discharge buffer section under the pressure of the upper mud layer, and the large cone angle can further increase the concentration of the tailings slurry while effectively preventing tailings from silting up.

[0024] 3. The anti-through flow isolation cover provided by the utility model can effectively prevent the formation of a through channel between the sand discharged from the bottom section of the cone and the upper sedimentary layer, avoid the aggravated accumulation of tailings around the thickener and the direct entry of low-concentration tailings into the discharge buffer section without undergoing a compression process, resulting in a low concentration of the sand discharge slurry that does not meet the filling requirements; and the setting of the opening on the anti-through flow isolation cover ensures the pressure balance inside and outside the anti-through flow isolation cover during the flow of slurry in the thickener. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The utility model provides a schematic structural diagram of a rake-free anti-caking paste storage thickener.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-pressure air flow-aiding nozzle.

[0027] Reference numerals

[0028] 1-tank body; 11-straight cylinder section; 12-inverted frustum section; 121-upper inverted frustum section; 122-lower inverted frustum section; 13-discharge buffer section; 131-sand discharge pipe; 2-overflow convergence trough; 21-overflow water discharge pipe; 3-central feed barrel; 31-tailing slurry feed port; 32-flocculation dispersion disk; 4-anti-through flow isolation cover; 41-opening; 5-flow-aiding component; 51-high-pressure air flow-aiding nozzle; 511-air inlet; 512-air outlet; 52-high-pressure air supply pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0031] In addition, it should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides a rake-free anti-hardening paste storage thickener, comprising a tank body 1, an overflow convergence trough 2 arranged at the outer edge of the top of the tank body 1, a central feed barrel 3 arranged in the middle of the upper end of the tank body 1, an anti-through flow isolation cover 4 hoisted in the tank body 1 and arranged below the central feed barrel 3, and a flow-aiding component 5 arranged on the lower side wall of the tank body 1. The tank body 1 is divided into a straight cylinder section 11, an inverted truncated table section 12 and a discharge buffer section 13 from top to bottom. The tank body 1 has a hollow cavity and is used to increase the tailings storage capacity and storage time limit.

[0033] Specifically, the frustum section 12 includes an upper frustum section 121 and a lower frustum section 122. The angle β between the upper frustum section 121 and the horizontal plane is smaller than the angle α between the lower frustum section 122 and the horizontal plane. The angle α between the lower frustum section 122 and the horizontal plane is determined based on the physical and chemical properties of the tailings, that is, determined by an indoor tailings underwater sliding angle experiment. In order to ensure the effective storage volume of the thickener, the angle β between the upper frustum section 121 and the horizontal plane is greater than 30°, that is, 30°<β<α. During the design of the thickener, the β value is selected based on the fluidity of the tailings. For coarse tailings with a -74μm content of not more than 50%, the β value should be no less than 45°, and for fine tailings with a -74μm content of not less than 80%, the β value should be no less than 30°. In addition, the ratio of the total height H of the straight tube section 11 and the inverted truncated cone section 12 to the diameter R of the tank body 1 satisfies H / R≥2; the ratio of the height H1 of the inverted truncated cone section 12 to the diameter R of the tank body 1 satisfies H1=1 / 2R; the height H2 of the discharge buffer section 13 is 1.5~2m, and the ratio of its diameter R2 to the diameter R of the tank body 1 satisfies R2=1 / 16R~1 / 12R. A sand discharge pipe 131 is welded at the lower part of the discharge buffer section 13.

[0034] The two inverted frustum cone bottoms of the upper inverted frustum section 121 and the lower inverted frustum section 122 have reduced force-bearing areas and withstand high pressure, which can ensure that the tailings flocs in the area are quickly dehydrated to form high-concentration slurry. The inverted frustum angle of the upper inverted frustum section 121 is relatively small, which can effectively ensure the buffer volume of the thickener, and a flow-aiding component 5 is arranged on the pool wall. Through regular disturbance, it can prevent the tailings from silting up in the area and causing the effective storage capacity of the thickener to be reduced, and realize small-area surface jet disturbance, which better helps the tailings flow in the area without affecting the sedimentation of the upper flocs. The cone angle of the lower inverted frustum section 122 is relatively large, which is determined according to the underwater sliding angle experiment of the material, and can ensure that the high-concentration tailings slurry flows smoothly into the discharge buffer section 13 under the pressure of the upper mud layer. The large cone angle can further increase the concentration of the tailings slurry while effectively preventing tailings from silting up.

[0035] The flow-assisting component 5 includes a high-pressure air flow-assisting nozzle 51 arranged on the inner wall of the lower part of the straight cylinder section 11 and the inner wall of the upper inverted truncated table section 121, and a high-pressure air supply pipeline 52 arranged on the outside of the tank body 1 and connected to the high-pressure air flow-assisting nozzle 51. The high-pressure air supply pipeline 52 is connected to the external high-pressure air system. The flow-assisting component 5 is used to disturb the tailing sand in the tank body 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, the high-pressure air flow-assisting nozzle 51 is in the shape of a tooth wheel, the bottom air inlet 511 is connected to the high-pressure air supply pipe 52, and a plurality of annular protruding air outlets 512 are arranged on the top. The air outlets 512 are arranged at a certain interval and direction, so that the high-pressure airflow can be sprayed in a surface shape, and a small-range loosening disturbance can be achieved by controlling the high-pressure wind pressure, and a small-area surface jet disturbance can be achieved, which can better help the tailings in the area to flow without affecting the sedimentation of the upper flocs.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the air outlets 512 is 3. The number of the air outlets 512 can be adjusted according to the concentration of the tailings. As long as the high-pressure airflow can be sprayed in a planar manner, it falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] The distribution height H3 of the high-pressure air flow-assisting nozzle 51 on the lower inner wall of the straight tube section 11 satisfies the following formula:

[0038] H3=1 / 2(R-R1)×(tanα-tanβ);

[0039] Wherein, H3 is the distribution height of the high-pressure air flow-assisting nozzle 51 on the lower inner wall of the straight cylinder section 11, R is the diameter of the pool body 1, R1 is the diameter of the anti-through flow isolation cover 4, α is the angle between the lower inverted frustum section 122 and the horizontal plane, and β is the angle between the upper inverted frustum section 121 and the horizontal plane.

[0040] The overflow converging trough 2 is arranged at the outer edge of the top of the pool body 1 , and the overflow water discharge pipe 21 is arranged on the side of the pool body 1 and communicated with the overflow converging trough 2 .

[0041] The central feed barrel 3 is arranged at the top center of the tank body 1 , a tailings slurry feed port 31 is welded to the top side of the central feed barrel 3 , and a floc dispersion disk 32 is arranged at the lower end of the central feed barrel 3 .

[0042] The anti-through flow isolation cover 4 is conical in shape with a diameter of R1, and is provided with a plurality of openings 41 on the top and the sides to ensure that the pressure inside and outside the anti-through flow isolation cover 4 is balanced during the flow of slurry in the thickener. The center of the anti-through flow isolation cover 4 and the center line of the central feed barrel 3 are parallel to the tank body 1. The anti-through flow isolation cover 4 can effectively prevent the formation of a through channel between the sand released at the bottom of the cone and the upper sedimentary layer, thereby preventing the aggravated siltation of tailings around the thickener and the low-concentration tailings from directly entering the discharge buffer section 13 without undergoing a compression process, resulting in a low concentration of the sand release slurry that does not meet the filling requirements.

[0043] In summary, compared with the deep cone thickener, the utility model eliminates the internal driving rake frame, can realize a high mud layer in the thickener, and increase the storage capacity and time limit of the thickener; the two-stage inverted frustum cone bottom has a reduced force area and bears a large pressure, which can ensure that the tailings flocs in the area are quickly dehydrated to form a high-concentration slurry, the upper inverted frustum cone angle is slowed down, which is conducive to increasing the effective storage capacity of the thickener, and the lower inverted frustum cone angle is larger, the force area is small, and the dehydration speed is fast, which is conducive to self-weight sand release and concentration improvement; the high-pressure wind flow-assisting nozzle 51 on the pool wall can prevent tailings from silting up in the area through disturbance; the anti-through flow isolation cover 4 can effectively prevent the formation of a through channel between the sand released from the bottom section of the cone and the upper sediment layer. The thickener provided by the utility model has a fast thickening speed, high bottom flow concentration, and stable sand release.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A rake-free anti-hardening paste storage thickener, characterized in that: It includes a pool body, an overflow convergence groove arranged on the outer edge of the top of the pool body, an overflow water discharge pipe arranged on the side of the pool body and connected with the overflow convergence groove, a central feed barrel arranged in the middle of the upper end of the pool body, an anti-through flow isolation cover hoisted in the pool body and arranged below the central feed barrel, and a flow-aiding component arranged on the lower side wall of the pool body. The center of the anti-through flow isolation cover and the center of the central feed barrel are connected in parallel with the pool body. The pool body is divided into a straight cylinder section, an inverted frustum section and a discharge buffer section from top to bottom.

2. The rake-free anti-hardening paste storage thickener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverted frustum section includes an upper inverted frustum section and a lower inverted frustum section, and the angle β between the upper inverted frustum section and the horizontal plane is smaller than the angle α between the lower inverted frustum section and the horizontal plane.

3. The rake-free anti-hardening paste storage thickener according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle β between the upper frustum section and the horizontal plane is greater than 30°.

4. The anti-caking paste storage thickener without a rake frame according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ratio of the total height H of the straight cylinder section and the inverted frustum section to the diameter R of the pool body satisfies H / R≥2; the ratio of the height H1 of the inverted frustum section to the diameter R of the pool body satisfies H1=1 / 2R; the height H2 of the discharge buffer section is 1.5~2m, and the ratio of its diameter R2 to the diameter R of the pool body satisfies R2=1 / 16R~1 / 12R.

5. The anti-caking paste storage thickener without a rake frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tailings slurry feed port is welded on the top side of the central feed barrel, and a floc dispersion disk is arranged at the lower end of the central feed barrel.

6. The anti-caking paste storage thickener without a rake frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of openings are arranged on the top and side surfaces of the anti-through flow isolation cover.

7. The anti-caking paste storage thickener without a rake frame according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-through flow isolation cover is conical in shape, and has a diameter of R1.

8. The anti-caking paste storage thickener without a rake frame according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flow-aiding component includes a high-pressure wind flow-aiding nozzle arranged on the inner wall of the lower part of the straight cylinder section and the inner wall of the upper frustum section, and a high-pressure wind supply pipe arranged on the outside of the pool body and connected to the high-pressure wind flow-aiding nozzle, and the high-pressure wind supply pipe is connected to the external high-pressure wind system.

9. The anti-caking paste storage thickener without a rake frame according to claim 8, characterized in that: The distribution height H3 of the high-pressure air flow-assisting nozzles on the inner wall of the lower part of the straight tube section satisfies the following formula: H3=1 / 2(R-R1)×(tanα-tanβ); Wherein, H3 is the distribution height of the high-pressure air flow-aiding nozzle on the lower inner wall of the straight cylinder section, R is the pool diameter, R1 is the diameter of the anti-through flow isolation cover, α is the angle between the lower inverted frustum section and the horizontal plane, and β is the angle between the upper inverted frustum section and the horizontal plane.

10. The anti-caking paste storage thickener without a rake frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sand discharge pipe is welded at the lower part of the material discharge buffer section.

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