Lathe expansion clamping tool

Abstract

The utility model provides a lathe expansion clamping tool which comprises a conical head expansion seat, an expansion sleeve and a pull rod, the expansion sleeve is provided with a conical expansion working face, the expansion sleeve is used for being nested on the peripheral face of the conical head expansion seat, the inner edge of the expansion sleeve is provided with an inner conical expansion working face matched with the expansion working face of the conical head expansion seat, and the pull rod is arranged on the conical head expansion seat. Slit structures with the length smaller than the axial length of the expansion sleeve are evenly distributed on the side wall of the expansion sleeve, and radial expansion elasticity of the expansion sleeve is provided through the slit structures. The conical head expansion seat is in a hollow column shape, one end of the pull rod can be axially and movably contained in a hollow cavity of the conical head expansion seat, the other end of the pull rod is provided with an end top plate, the end top plate is used for abutting against the end face of the expansion sleeve, and the expansion sleeve is driven to axially move along the periphery of the conical head expansion seat by axially pulling the pull rod. The expansion sleeve is expanded in the radial direction through the expansion working face structure, and the inner circumferential face of the to-be-machined workpiece is clamped in an abutting mode through radial expansion of the expansion sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool processing equipment, in particular to an expansion clamping tool for a lathe. Background Art

[0002] When machining a hollow rotating workpiece on a lathe, most of the time, a chuck with three or four jaws is used to clamp one end of the workpiece, and the other end of the workpiece is machined. After one end of the workpiece is machined, the direction of the workpiece is adjusted to machine the other end, which results in numerous machining procedures, a relatively long processing time, and difficulty in ensuring the concentricity of both ends of the rotating workpiece. In addition, the design of the chuck jaw clamping itself also has disadvantages. When the external force applied to the workpiece by the machine tool is large, a large clamping force needs to be applied to the workpiece to ensure the stability of the workpiece position, which can easily cause deformation and damage to the workpiece surface; and when the axial length of the rotating body itself is much larger than the radial size, this clamping method can easily cause the workpiece to bend and deform in the axial direction.

[0003] In summary, the existing lathe clamping design has technical problems such as difficulty in maintaining the concentricity of the workpiece during the machining process and easy to cause workpiece deformation. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the existing lathe clamping design has the technical problem that it is difficult to maintain the concentricity of the workpiece during the machining process and it is easy to cause the workpiece to deform.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a lathe expansion clamping tool, including a cone head expansion seat, an expansion sleeve and a pull rod, the cone head expansion seat is hollow cylindrical, and a conical expansion working surface is arranged on the outer edge of the top end, the expansion sleeve is used to be nested in the outer peripheral surface of the cone head expansion seat, the inner edge of the expansion sleeve is provided with an inner conical expansion working surface matching the expansion working surface of the cone head expansion seat, and the side wall of the expansion sleeve is evenly distributed with a slit structure with a length less than the axial length of the expansion sleeve, through the slit The structure provides radial expansion elasticity for the expansion sleeve; the cone head expansion seat is hollow cylindrical, one end of the pull rod can be axially moved and accommodated in the hollow cavity of the cone head expansion seat, and the other end of the pull rod is provided with an end head top plate, which is used to abut against the end face of the expansion sleeve, and the expansion sleeve is driven to move axially along the outer periphery of the cone head expansion seat by axially pulling the pull rod, so as to radially expand the expansion sleeve through the expansion working surface structure, and realize the tight clamping of the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece to be processed through the radial expansion of the expansion sleeve.

[0006] The lathe expansion clamping tool provided by the utility model provides a workpiece clamping tool which is completely different from the claw chuck clamping, and realizes clamping and fixing through the principle of radial expansion. Specifically, this new tool mainly includes three main parts, namely, a cone head expansion seat, an expansion sleeve and a pull rod. The expansion sleeve is nested in the outer periphery of the cone head expansion seat, and a conical expansion working surface structure is arranged at the position where the two cooperate. The pull rod passes through the internal space of the cone head expansion seat and is connected with the axial feed drive mechanism of the machine tool. The end head top plate is pressed against the end face of the expansion sleeve through the axial pulling feed of the pull rod, and the expansion sleeve is pushed to move toward the base of the cone head expansion seat. In this process, the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve with multiple slits on the outer periphery is expanded under the action of the expansion working surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the expanded expansion sleeve can press against the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece to be processed, so as to realize the clamping of the workpiece.

[0007] This workpiece clamping method can ensure that the inner circumference of the workpiece is completely evenly stressed, avoiding local wear or deformation and damage during the clamping process due to stress concentration. Similarly, this clamping method provides complete support for the axial inner part of the workpiece, which can effectively avoid eccentric deformation of the workpiece caused by the tool force during processing; and this clamping method can completely expose the outer edge of the workpiece to be processed, which is convenient for machine tool processing without having to process one end and then turn around to process the other end. The outer edge processing of the rotating workpiece can be completed at one time, avoiding the uneven concentricity of the workpiece caused by processing in batches and steps. It effectively solves the technical problems of the existing lathe clamping design that it is difficult to maintain the concentricity of the workpiece during the processing process and is easy to cause workpiece deformation.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the slit structure includes a first slit and a second slit that are arranged at intervals, one end of the first slit extends to the end face of one end of the expansion sleeve to disconnect the end face, and the other end of the first slit is at a preset distance from the end face of the expansion sleeve; one end of the second slit extends to the end face of the other end of the expansion sleeve opposite to the first slit, and the other end of the second slit is at a preset distance from the end face of the expansion sleeve. The slit structure design of the expansion sleeve is optimized, ensuring the effectiveness of providing radial expansion and contraction elasticity of the sleeve through the structure.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the ends of the first slit and the second slit located on the side circumference of the expansion sleeve are connected with round holes, and the round holes of the first slit and the second slit are across the longitudinal midline of the expansion sleeve. The structural design of the slit is further optimized, wherein the round holes are arranged at the ends of the slit to avoid stress concentration and tearing of the expansion sleeve during the deformation of the sleeve.

[0010] As a preferred solution, both ends of the expansion sleeve are provided with the expansion working surface, the expansion working surfaces at both ends of the expansion sleeve have the same taper inclination direction, the end of the cone head expansion seat is provided with an end top column whose axial length matches the expansion sleeve, the base of the end top column is provided with an expansion working surface with an increasing outer diameter in the direction away from the top, and the other end of the end top column is also provided with an expansion working surface, which is respectively used to abut against the expansion working surfaces at both ends of the expansion sleeve. The distribution of the expansion working surfaces on the expansion sleeve and the cone head expansion seat is optimized, and the concentricity of the processing is further improved.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the cone head expansion seat is provided with a step surface structure at the transition position between its base and the end top column, the radial dimension of the end top column is smaller than the outer circumferential radial dimension of the cone head expansion seat base, and the expansion sleeve is axially limited by the step surface structure. The structural design of the transition position between the cone head expansion seat and the expansion sleeve is optimized, and the effectiveness of tooling processing is improved.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the pull rod includes a rod body and an end top plate connected in one piece, and a reinforcing column structure for increasing the radial volume of the rod body is arranged between the rod body and the end top plate. The structural design of the pull rod is optimized, its strength is improved, and the durability of the tooling is ensured.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the pull rod is provided with a driving connection structure at one end away from the end head top plate, which is used to connect with the expansion drive mechanism of the lathe. The structure of the pull rod is further optimized, and the structure of the end that is connected to the lathe is optimized.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the cone head expansion seat is provided with a connecting flange at one end away from the expansion sleeve, and the side edge of the connecting flange is evenly distributed with mounting holes for mounting and connecting with a machine tool that provides the pull rod feed power. The docking structure between the cone head expansion seat and the lathe is optimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a lathe expansion clamping tooling provided by the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the expansion clamping fixture of the lathe.

[0017] in, Figure 1 , Figure 2 middle:

[0018] 1. Pull rod; 1-1. End top plate; 1-2. Reinforced column structure; 1-3. Rod body; 2. Expansion sleeve; 2-1. Slit structure; 2-2. Round through hole; 3. Cone head expansion seat; 3-1. End top column; 3-2. Connecting flange; 3-3. Step surface structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0020] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The following embodiments are described, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a lathe expansion clamping tooling provided by the utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the expansion clamping fixture of the lathe.

[0021] A lathe expansion clamping tool provided in this embodiment includes a cone head expansion seat 3, an expansion sleeve 2 and a pull rod 1. The cone head expansion seat 3 is hollow cylindrical, and a conical expansion working surface is arranged on the outer edge of its top end. The expansion sleeve 2 is used to be nested in the outer peripheral surface of the cone head expansion seat 3. The inner edge of the expansion sleeve 2 is provided with an inner conical expansion working surface that cooperates with the expansion working surface of the cone head expansion seat 3. The side wall of the expansion sleeve 2 is evenly distributed with a slit structure 2-1 whose length is less than the axial length of the expansion sleeve 2. The slit structure 2-1 is provided to Provide radial expansion elasticity for the expansion sleeve 2; the cone head expansion seat 3 is hollow cylindrical, one end of the pull rod 1 can be axially moved and accommodated in the hollow cavity of the cone head expansion seat 3, and the other end of the pull rod 1 is provided with an end head top plate 1-1, which is used to abut against the end face of the expansion sleeve 2. The expansion sleeve 2 is driven to move axially along the outer periphery of the cone head expansion seat 3 by axially pulling the pull rod 1, so as to radially expand the expansion sleeve 2 through the expansion working surface structure, and the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece to be processed is tightly clamped through the radial expansion of the expansion sleeve 2.

[0022] It should be noted that the slit structure uniformly arranged circumferentially on the expansion sleeve can make the expansion sleeve produce a spring-like effect, that is, it has radial expansion elasticity so as to expand the expansion sleeve in cooperation with the conical expansion working surface.

[0023] The lathe expansion clamping tool provided by the utility model provides a workpiece clamping tool which is completely different from the claw chuck clamping, and realizes clamping and fixing through the principle of radial expansion. Specifically, this new tool mainly includes three main parts, namely, a cone head expansion seat, an expansion sleeve and a pull rod. The expansion sleeve is nested in the outer periphery of the cone head expansion seat, and a conical expansion working surface structure is arranged at the position where the two cooperate. The pull rod passes through the internal space of the cone head expansion seat and is connected with the axial feed drive mechanism of the machine tool. The end head top plate is pressed against the end face of the expansion sleeve through the axial pulling feed of the pull rod, and the expansion sleeve is pushed to move toward the base of the cone head expansion seat. In this process, the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve with multiple slits on the outer periphery is expanded under the action of the expansion working surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the expanded expansion sleeve can press against the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece to be processed, so as to realize the clamping of the workpiece.

[0024] This workpiece clamping method can ensure that the inner circumference of the workpiece is completely evenly stressed, avoiding local wear or deformation and damage during the clamping process due to stress concentration. Similarly, this clamping method provides complete support for the axial inner part of the workpiece, which can effectively avoid eccentric deformation of the workpiece caused by the tool force during processing; and this clamping method can completely expose the outer edge of the workpiece to be processed, which is convenient for machine tool processing without having to process one end and then turn around to process the other end. The outer edge processing of the rotating workpiece can be completed at one time, avoiding the uneven concentricity of the workpiece caused by processing in batches and steps. It effectively solves the technical problems of the existing lathe clamping design that it is difficult to maintain the concentricity of the workpiece during the processing process and is easy to cause workpiece deformation.

[0025] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the slit structure 2-1 includes a first slit and a second slit that are arranged at intervals, one end of the first slit extends to the end face of one end of the expansion sleeve 2 to disconnect the end face, and the other end of the first slit has a preset distance from the end face of the expansion sleeve 2; one end of the second slit extends to the other end face of the expansion sleeve 2 opposite to the first slit, and the other end of the second slit has a preset distance from the end face of the expansion sleeve 2.

[0026] The design mainly optimizes the slit structure design of the expansion sleeve, ensuring the effectiveness of providing radial expansion and contraction elasticity of the sleeve through the structure, wherein the slit is divided into a first slit and a second slit which are arranged at intervals along the outer circumference of the expansion sleeve, and the two types of slits are parallel to each other and are designed along the axial direction, and one end of each type of the two types of slits directly reaches the end face of one end of the expansion sleeve, thereby forming a spring structure and maintaining the structural integrity of the expansion sleeve.

[0027] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the first slit and the second slit are respectively located at the ends of the side circumference of the expansion sleeve 2 and are connected with a circular through hole 2-2, and the circular through holes 2-2 of the first slit and the second slit respectively cross the longitudinal midline position of the expansion sleeve 2.

[0028] The structural design of the slit is further optimized on the basis of the structure of the above embodiment, wherein a circular through hole is provided at the end of the slit to avoid stress concentration and tearing of the expansion sleeve during the deformation of the sleeve, and the positions of the two slits are both beyond the axial center line of the expansion sleeve, and the length of the slit exceeds half of the length of the expansion sleeve. The longer slit structure can enhance its elastic expansion effect. Similarly, a more densely arranged slit can also achieve a similar effect. The taper adjustment of the expansion working surface can achieve a larger clamping application range.

[0029] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, expansion working surfaces are provided at both ends of the expansion sleeve 2, and the expansion working surfaces at both ends of the expansion sleeve 2 have the same taper inclination direction. The end of the cone head expansion seat 3 is provided with an end top column 3-1 whose axial length matches the expansion sleeve 2, and the base of the end top column 3-1 is provided with an expansion working surface with an outer diameter increasing in the direction away from the top end, and the other end of the end top column 3-1 is also provided with an expansion working surface, which is respectively used to abut and cooperate with the expansion working surfaces at both ends of the expansion sleeve 2.

[0030] This design optimizes the distribution of the expansion working surfaces on the expansion sleeve and the cone head expansion seat, further improving the concentricity of the processing. Specifically, both ends of the expansion sleeve have expansion working surfaces. The same taper inclination direction of the expansion working surfaces at both ends means that the two expansion working surfaces are parallel to each other. From the perspective of the inner cavity diameter of the expansion sleeve at the corresponding position, the diameter increases from the expansion sleeve to the cone head expansion seat. This is reflected in the structure of the open ends of the expansion sleeve, that is, one end increases from the inside to the outside, and the other end decreases from the inside to the outside. This design sets expansion working surfaces at both ends of the expansion sleeve, that is, when the pull rod pushes the expansion sleeve to expand, the two ends of the expansion sleeve expand synchronously and evenly, thereby optimizing the clamping effect of the clamping part of the workpiece. Through this optimization, the size of the processed workpiece is more accurate and the concentricity of the workpiece is better.

[0031] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the cone head expansion seat 3 is provided with a step surface structure 3-3 at the transition position between its base and the end top column 3-1. The radial dimension of the end top column 3-1 is smaller than the radial dimension of the outer circumference of the base of the cone head expansion seat 3. The expansion sleeve 2 is axially limited by the step surface structure 3-3. This design optimizes the structural design of the transition position between the cone head expansion seat and the expansion sleeve. The axial movement distance of the expansion sleeve under the action of the pull rod is limited by the step surface structure, so as to avoid the expansion sleeve from being damaged due to excessive axial movement distance, which makes it impossible to return to its original position under the action of elasticity, and improve the effectiveness of tooling processing.

[0032] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the pull rod 1 includes a rod body 1-3 and an end top plate 1-1 connected in one piece, and a reinforcing column structure 1-2 is provided between the rod body 1-3 and the end top plate 1-1 for increasing the radial volume of the rod body 1-3. The pull rod can be further optimized, and a driving connection structure is provided at the end of the pull rod 1 away from the end top plate 1-1, which is used to connect with the expansion drive mechanism of the lathe. The structure of the pull rod is further optimized, the structure of the end that is connected to the lathe is optimized, and the structural design of the pull rod is optimized, so that its strength is improved and the durability of the tooling is ensured.

[0033] In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the cone head expansion seat 3 is provided with a connecting flange 3-2 at one end thereof away from the expansion sleeve 2, and the side edge of the connecting flange is evenly provided with mounting holes for installation and connection with a machine tool that provides feed power for the pull rod 1. The docking structure between the cone head expansion seat and the lathe is optimized, making it easier to install and cooperate with the tooling device and the matching lathe.

[0034] Although the disclosure is as above, the protection scope of the disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A lathe expansion clamping tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cone head expansion seat (3), an expansion sleeve (2) and a pull rod (1); the cone head expansion seat (3) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and a cone-shaped expansion working surface is arranged on the outer edge of the top end; the expansion sleeve (2) is used to be nested in the outer peripheral surface of the cone head expansion seat (3); the inner edge of the expansion sleeve (2) is provided with an inner cone-shaped expansion working surface that cooperates with the expansion working surface of the cone head expansion seat (3); the side wall of the expansion sleeve (2) is evenly distributed with slit structures (2-1) whose length is less than the axial length of the expansion sleeve (2); and the slit structure (2-1) is used to provide radial expansion of the expansion sleeve (2). Expansion elasticity; the cone head expansion seat (3) is in the shape of a hollow column, one end of the pull rod (1) can be axially moved and accommodated in the hollow cavity of the cone head expansion seat (3), and the other end of the pull rod (1) is provided with an end head top plate (1-1), and the end head top plate (1-1) is used to abut against the end face of the expansion sleeve (2), and the expansion sleeve (2) is driven to move axially along the outer periphery of the cone head expansion seat (3) by axially pulling the pull rod (1), so as to radially expand the expansion sleeve (2) through the expansion working surface structure, and realize the tight clamping of the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece to be processed through the radial expansion of the expansion sleeve (2).

2. The lathe expansion clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slit structure (2-1) comprises a first slit and a second slit which are arranged at intervals, wherein one end of the first slit extends to the end face of one end of the expansion sleeve (2) to disconnect the end face, and the other end of the first slit is at a preset distance from the end face of the expansion sleeve (2); and one end of the second slit extends to the other end face of the expansion sleeve (2) opposite to the first slit, and the other end of the second slit is at a preset distance from the end face of the expansion sleeve (2).

3. The lathe expansion clamping fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first slit and the second slit are respectively located at the end of the side circumference of the expansion sleeve (2), and are both connected to a circular through hole (2-2). The circular through holes (2-2) of the first slit and the second slit respectively pass over the center line position of the expansion sleeve (2) in the length direction.

4. The lathe expansion clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion working surfaces are provided at both ends of the expansion sleeve (2), and the expansion working surfaces at both ends of the expansion sleeve (2) have the same taper inclination direction. The end of the cone head expansion seat (3) is provided with an end top column (3-1) whose axial length matches the expansion sleeve (2). The base of the end top column (3-1) is provided with an expansion working surface whose outer diameter increases along the direction away from the top end. The other end of the end top column (3-1) is also provided with an expansion working surface, which is respectively used to abut against the expansion working surfaces at both ends of the expansion sleeve (2).

5. The lathe expansion clamping fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cone head expansion seat (3) is provided with a step surface structure (3-3) at a transition position between its base and the end top column (3-1); the radial dimension of the end top column (3-1) is smaller than the outer circumferential radial dimension of the base of the cone head expansion seat (3); and the expansion sleeve (2) is axially limited by the step surface structure (3-3).

6. The lathe expansion clamping fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The pull rod (1) comprises a rod body (1-3) and an end top plate (1-1) connected in one piece, and a reinforcing column structure (1-2) for increasing the radial volume of the rod body (1-3) is provided between the rod body (1-3) and the end top plate (1-1).

7. The lathe expansion clamping fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pull rod (1) is provided with a driving connection structure at one end away from the end head top plate (1-1), which is used to be connected to the expansion driving mechanism of the lathe.

8. The lathe expansion clamping fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cone head expansion seat (3) is provided with a connecting flange (3-2) at one end thereof facing away from the expansion sleeve (2), and the side edge of the flange is evenly distributed with mounting holes for being installed and connected with a machine tool that provides feed power for the pull rod (1).

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