Vacuum arc furnace electrode structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vacuum arc furnace electrode structure which comprises a furnace body, a crucible and an electrode are arranged in the furnace body, a screw and a guide rod are arranged on the crucible, the screw is rotationally arranged in the furnace body, the guide rod and the screw are jointly connected with a sliding seat, one end of the sliding seat is in sliding connection with the guide rod, and the other end of the sliding seat is in threaded connection with the screw. The electrode is arranged in the sliding seat, the driving part for driving the screw to rotate is arranged on the outer side wall of the furnace body, the driving part drives the screw to rotate, the sliding seat drives the electrode to reciprocate on the surface of the crucible, metal raw materials in the edge area of the crucible can be directly heated by the center temperature of an electric arc, and the time for melting metal furnace burden into a metal solution is shortened. The method has the effect of improving the melting efficiency of the metal raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vacuum arc furnaces, and in particular to an electrode structure of a vacuum arc furnace. Background Art

[0002] The vacuum arc melting furnace is a vacuum metallurgical equipment, including a closed furnace body, which is evacuated or filled with inert gas to form a vacuum space. An arc is generated by energizing the electrodes, and the heat of the arc is used to melt the metal charge in the furnace body, which then solidifies to complete the metal smelting.

[0003] However, the electrode of most vacuum arc furnaces is set at the center of the crucible. During the arc heating process, the temperature of the central area of ​​the crucible close to the arc is high, and the temperature of the edge area of ​​the crucible far from the arc is low, which eventually leads to the metal raw material in the middle of the crucible melting faster, and the raw material at the edge of the crucible melting slower, which eventually leads to the melting speed of the overall metal raw material in the crucible slowing down, the time for the metal raw material to melt into metal solution becoming longer, and the melting efficiency being lower. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to improve the melting efficiency of metal raw materials, the present application provides a vacuum arc furnace electrode structure.

[0005] The present application provides a vacuum arc furnace electrode structure adopting the following technical solution:

[0006] A vacuum arc furnace electrode structure comprises a furnace body, wherein a crucible for carrying metal raw materials is arranged in the furnace body, an electrode for melting the metal raw materials is arranged on the crucible, a screw and a guide rod are arranged on the crucible, the screw is rotatably arranged in the furnace body, the guide rod is fixedly arranged in the furnace body, a sliding seat is commonly connected to the guide rod and the screw, one end of the sliding seat is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the other end of the sliding seat is threadedly connected to the screw, the electrode is arranged in the sliding seat, and a driving member for driving the screw to rotate is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving member drives the screw to rotate, and under the rotation of the screw, the sliding seat drives the electrode to reciprocate on the surface of the crucible, so that the metal raw material in the edge area of ​​the crucible can also be directly heated by the center temperature of the arc, thereby improving the melting speed of the metal raw material in the edge area of ​​the crucible, shortening the time for the metal charge to melt into a metal solution, and further improving the melting efficiency of the metal raw material.

[0008] Optionally, a mounting seat is provided in the furnace body, the crucible is rotatably connected to the mounting seat, an outer wall sleeve of the crucible is provided with an external gear ring, a gear disk is meshed on one side of the external gear ring, a motor is provided under the gear disk, and an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the gear disk via a coupling.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, under the drive of the motor, the gear disc rotates to drive the outer gear ring to rotate, and the outer gear ring drives the crucible to rotate under the electrode. During the rotation of the crucible, the contact probability between the crucible surface and the center area of ​​the arc becomes larger, thereby further improving the melting speed of the entire metal raw material in the crucible, and then improving the melting efficiency of the metal raw material.

[0010] Optionally, two limit plates are fixedly connected to the guide rod, both of the limit plates are rotatably connected to the screw rod, the limit plates are located directly above the crucible, and pressure sensors are installed on opposite surfaces of the limit plates.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the limit plate limits the movement of the electrode to the surface of the crucible, thereby increasing the probability of the metal raw material in the crucible being heated, thereby increasing the heating time of the metal raw material, and further improving the melting efficiency of the metal raw material. The pressure sensor can automatically control the forward and reverse rotation of the drive part, thereby improving the degree of automation of the electric arc furnace.

[0012] Optionally, a through slot is formed on the sliding seat, the through slot is vertically arranged, a connecting rod is arranged in the through slot, a sleeve is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting rod, and a clamping assembly for clamping the electrode is arranged in the sleeve.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping assembly can clamp and fix the electrode, reducing the possibility of the electrode falling off and causing the melting process to be interrupted, ensuring the stability of the metal raw material melting process, and improving the melting efficiency of the metal raw material.

[0014] Optionally, the clamping assembly includes a plurality of springs disposed in the sleeve, one end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the other end of the spring is connected to an arc plate, and the plurality of arc plates jointly clamp the electrode.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the operator presses the arc plate, the spring is compressed, and then the electrode is placed between the two arc plates. Under the resetting action of the spring, the arc plate contacts the electrode surface, thereby clamping and fixing the electrode.

[0016] Optionally, sliding grooves are provided on the surfaces opposite to the through grooves, and sliding blocks corresponding to the sliding grooves are provided on the outer side walls of the connecting rod, and both of the sliding blocks are slidably matched with the sliding grooves. An arc ring is provided on the surface of the connecting rod, and a base is provided on the sliding seat, and a fixing plate is provided on the base, and a take-up wheel is rotatably connected to the fixing plate, and a take-up and release line is wound on the take-up wheel, and one end of the take-up and release line extends to the connecting rod and is connected to the arc ring, and a driving component for driving the take-up wheel to rotate is provided on the base.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the volume of the metal raw material increases after melting, and the distance between the electrode and the metal raw material becomes smaller. When the electrode directly contacts the metal raw material, it may cause electrode wear and contamination of the metal raw material. By setting a take-up wheel and a take-up and pay-off line, when the take-up wheel reels in the take-up and pay-off line, the take-up and pay-off line pulls the arc ring to drive the connecting rod to move upward in the sliding groove, and the electrode is away from the metal raw material, thereby reducing the possibility of direct contact between the electrode and the metal raw material.

[0018] Optionally, a slide groove is provided on the base, and the driving assembly includes a movable plate slidably arranged in the slide groove, a rack is provided on the top surface of the movable plate, a gear is meshed on the rack, the gear is coaxially arranged with the take-up wheel, an electric push rod is provided in the slide groove, and the output shaft of the electric push rod is connected to the movable plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the electric push rod can push the rack to move in the slide groove. During the movement of the rack, the gear meshing with the rack rotates, and the rotation of the gear can drive the take-up wheel to rotate. During the rotation, the take-up wheel can reel in and pay out the wire. The arc ring is pulled by the reel and increases the distance between the electrode and the metal raw material.

[0020] Optionally, a blocking block is provided on the top surface of the sliding groove close to the sliding seat, and the blocking block limits the movement of the sliding block.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, under the limiting effect of the blocking block, the sliding movement of the connecting rod is restricted in the sliding groove, so the lifting height of the electrode is limited, avoiding the possibility of poor heating effect caused by the electrode being too far away from the metal raw material.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. In the embodiment of the present application, a screw, an outer gear ring and a toothed disc are provided. The screw can drive the electrode to reciprocate and linearly move along the surface of the crucible. The outer gear ring and the toothed disc cooperate with each other to realize the rotation of the crucible under the electrode, and finally the metal raw material in the edge area of ​​the crucible can also be directly heated by the arc center temperature, thereby increasing the melting speed of the metal raw material in the edge area of ​​the crucible, shortening the time for the metal charge to melt into a metal solution, and further increasing the melting efficiency of the metal raw material;

[0024] 2. In the embodiment of the present application, a pay-off and retractable wire, a pay-off and retractable wheel and a driving assembly are provided. The driving assembly can drive the pay-off and retractable wheel to reel in the pay-off and retractable wire. During the reeling process, the pay-off and retractable wire pulls the electrode upward, thereby increasing the distance between the electrode and the metal raw material and avoiding direct contact between the electrode and the metal raw material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the furnace body in the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the sliding seat in the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding seat in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. furnace body; 101. furnace door; 102. visual window; 103. industrial control screen; 104. driving part; 2. mounting seat; 21. motor; 22. toothed disc; 23. crucible; 24. outer gear ring; 3. screw; 4. guide rod; 5. sliding seat; 51. through groove; 52. sliding groove; 521. blocking block; 53. slider; 54. connecting rod; 55. sleeve; 6. electrode; 7. limit plate; 71. pressure sensor; 8. clamping assembly; 81. spring; 82. arc plate; 9. arc ring; 10. wire retracting and releasing; 11. base; 111. slide groove; 12. fixed plate; 13. wire retracting wheel; 14. driving assembly; 141. movable plate; 142. rack; 143. gear; 144. electric push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0031] The embodiment of the present application discloses a vacuum arc furnace electrode structure.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 A vacuum arc furnace electrode structure includes a furnace body 1, a furnace door 101 is opened on the outer surface of the furnace body 1, and an operator can add metal raw materials into the furnace body 1 after opening the furnace door 101. A visual window 102 is installed on the furnace door 101, and the operator can observe the melting of the metal raw materials in the furnace body 1 through the visual window 102. An industrial control panel 103 is installed on the outer wall of the furnace body 1, and all electrical equipment in the furnace body 1 are electrically connected to the industrial control panel 103 through a control system.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 A mounting seat 2 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the furnace body 1, a motor 21 is fixedly mounted in the mounting seat 2, a toothed disc 22 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor 21, a crucible 23 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 2, the crucible 23 is used to carry the metal raw material, and an outer surface of the crucible 23 is sleeved with an outer toothed ring 24 meshing with the toothed disc 22;

[0034] A screw 3 and a guide rod 4 are provided in the furnace body 1, wherein the screw 3 is rotatably connected between the opposite inner sides of the furnace body 1, the guide rod 4 is fixedly installed between the opposite inner side walls of the furnace body 1, and a driving member 104 for driving the screw 3 to rotate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the furnace body 1. In the present embodiment, the driving member 104 is a servo motor 21, and the output end of the driving member 104 is inserted into the side wall of the furnace body 1 and connected to the screw 3. The outer surfaces of the guide rod 4 and the screw 3 are commonly connected with a sliding seat 5, one end of the sliding seat 5 is threadedly connected to the screw 3, and the other end of the sliding seat 5 is slidably connected to the guide rod 4, a through groove 51 is opened in the sliding seat 5, and an electrode 6 is slidably arranged in the through groove 51.

[0035] The operator opens the furnace door 101, places the metal raw material to be processed into the crucible 23, closes the furnace door 101, and evacuates the interior of the furnace body 1 through a vacuum device, and then starts the motor 21 and the driving member 104 at the same time. After starting, the motor 21 will drive the toothed disc 22 to rotate, and the toothed disc 22 drives the outer gear ring 24 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the crucible 23 in the mounting seat 2. At the same time, the driving member 104 drives the screw 3 to rotate. Under the rotation of the screw 3, the sliding seat 5 drives the electrode 6 to reciprocate on the surface of the rotating crucible 23, so that the metal raw material in the edge area of ​​the crucible 23 can also be directly heated by the arc center temperature, thereby increasing the melting speed of the metal raw material in the edge area of ​​the crucible 23, shortening the time for the metal raw material to melt into a metal solution, and further improving the melting efficiency of the metal raw material.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Two limit plates 7 are connected to the guide rod 4 and the screw rod 3. One end of the limit plate 7 is fixedly connected to the guide rod 4, and the other end of the limit plate 7 is rotatably connected to the screw rod 3. Under the restriction of the two limit plates 7, the sliding seat 5 can only move in the surface area of ​​the crucible 23. Pressure sensors 71 are installed on the opposite surfaces of the two limit plates 7. When the sliding seat 5 touches the pressure sensor 71 on one of the limit plates 7, the control system controls the driving member 104 to change the rotation direction, so that the sliding seat 5 moves toward the other limit plate 7, thereby realizing the reciprocating motion of the electrode 6 on the surface of the crucible 23, improving the uniformity of the surface temperature of the crucible 23, and improving the heating effect of the electrode 6, thereby improving the melting efficiency of the metal raw material.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3, sliding grooves 52 are provided on the opposite side walls of the through groove 51, and sliders 53 are slidably connected in the sliding grooves 52. A connecting rod 54 is commonly connected between the two sliders 53. A sleeve 55 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the connecting rod 54. A clamping assembly 8 for clamping the electrode 6 is arranged on the sleeve 55. The clamping assembly 8 includes a plurality of springs 81 arranged in the sleeve 55. In the present embodiment, there are two springs 81, one end of each of the two springs 81 is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 55, and the other end of each of the springs 81 is connected to an arc plate 82. The two arc plates 82 clamp the electrode 6 together.

[0038] Before melting the metal raw material, the operator presses the arc plate 82 to compress the spring 81, and then places the electrode 6 between the two arc plates 82. Under the elastic force of the spring 81, the arc plate 82 contacts the surface of the electrode 6, thereby clamping and fixing the electrode 6. The setting of the clamping assembly reduces the possibility of the electrode 6 falling off and causing the melting process to be interrupted, ensures the stability of the metal raw material melting process, and improves the melting efficiency of the metal raw material. At the same time, the clamping assembly also makes it convenient for the operator to remove the electrode 6, simplifying the operator's operation.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 Since the volume of the metal raw material increases after melting, the distance between the electrode 6 and the metal raw material becomes smaller, and the electrode 6 may cause wear of the electrode 6 and contamination of the metal raw material after it directly contacts the metal raw material. Therefore, an arc ring 9 is installed on the top surface of the connecting rod 54, and a take-up wire 10 is fixedly connected to the arc ring 9. A base 11 is fixedly installed on the sliding seat 5, and a fixed plate 12 is fixedly installed on the base 11. A take-up wheel 13 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 12. The take-up wire 10 connected to the arc ring 9 is wound on the take-up wheel 13. A driving component 14 for driving the take-up wheel 13 to rotate is arranged on the base 11. Blocking blocks 521 are installed at both ends of the sliding groove 52 close to the top surface of the sliding seat 5;

[0040] Driven by the driving assembly 14, the take-up wheel 13 rotates. When the take-up wheel 13 reels in the pay-out line 10, the pay-out line 10 pulls the arc ring 9, thereby driving the connecting rod 54 to move upward in the sliding groove 52. The electrode 6 is away from the metal raw material, reducing the possibility of electrode 6 wear and raw material contamination. At the same time, the setting of the blocking block 521 can limit the rising range of the electrode 6, avoiding the possible deterioration of the heating effect due to the electrode 6 being too far away from the metal raw material.

[0041] Reference Figure 4A slide groove 111 is provided on the base 11, and the driving assembly 14 includes a moving plate 141 slidably connected in the slide groove 111, a rack 142 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the moving plate 141, and the take-up wheel 13 is coaxially fixedly connected with a gear 143 meshing with the rack 142. An electric push rod 144 is installed at one end of the slide groove 111, and the electric push rod 144 is horizontally arranged, and the output shaft of the electric push rod 144 is connected to the moving plate 141;

[0042] The operator starts the electric push rod 144, which can push the movable plate 141 to drive the rack 142 to move in the slide groove 111. During the movement of the rack 142, the gear 143 meshing with the rack 142 rotates, and the rotation of the gear 143 can drive the take-up wheel 13 to rotate, thereby realizing the winding of the take-up wire 10 on the take-up wheel 13, the electrode 6 rises in the through groove 51, and the distance between the motor 21 and the metal raw material increases.

[0043] The implementation principle of the electrode structure of a vacuum arc furnace in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: after the operator opens the furnace door 101, the metal raw material is placed in the crucible 23, the furnace door 101 is closed, and the interior of the furnace body 1 is evacuated into a vacuum state through a vacuum device, and then the motor 21 and the driving member 104 are started at the same time. After starting, the motor 21 will drive the toothed disc 22 to rotate, and the toothed disc 22 drives the outer gear ring 24 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the crucible 23 in the mounting seat 2. At the same time, the driving member 104 drives the screw 3 to rotate. Under the rotation of the screw 3, the sliding seat 5 drives the electrode 6 to reciprocate on the surface of the rotating crucible 23, so that the metal raw material in the edge area of ​​the crucible 23 can also be directly heated by the arc center temperature, thereby increasing the melting speed of the metal raw material in the edge area of ​​the crucible 23, shortening the time for the metal charge to melt into a metal solution, and thereby improving the melting efficiency of the metal raw material. The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vacuum arc furnace electrode structure, comprising a furnace body (1), wherein a crucible (23) for carrying a metal raw material is arranged in the furnace body (1), and an electrode (6) for melting the metal raw material is arranged on the crucible (23), characterized in that: The crucible (23) is provided with a screw (3) and a guide rod (4); the screw (3) is rotatably arranged in the furnace body (1); the guide rod (4) is fixedly arranged in the furnace body (1); a sliding seat (5) is commonly connected to the guide rod (4) and the screw (3); one end of the sliding seat (5) is slidably connected to the guide rod (4); the other end of the sliding seat (5) is threadedly connected to the screw (3); the electrode (6) is arranged in the sliding seat (5); and a driving member (104) for driving the screw (3) to rotate is provided on the outer wall of the furnace body (1).

2. A vacuum arc furnace electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting seat (2) is provided in the furnace body (1), the crucible (23) is rotatably connected to the mounting seat (2), an outer wall of the crucible (23) is sleeved with an outer toothed ring (24), a toothed disc (22) is meshedly provided on one side of the outer toothed ring (24), a motor (21) is provided under the toothed disc (22), and an output shaft of the motor (21) is fixedly connected to the toothed disc (22) via a coupling.

3. The vacuum arc furnace electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two limit plates (7) are fixedly connected to the guide rod (4), and the two limit plates (7) are rotatably connected to the screw rod (3). The limit plates (7) are located directly above the crucible (23), and pressure sensors (71) are installed on the opposite surfaces of the limit plates (7).

4. The vacuum arc furnace electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding seat (5) is provided with a through slot (51), the through slot (51) is arranged vertically, a connecting rod (54) is arranged in the through slot (51), a sleeve (55) is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting rod (54), and a clamping assembly (8) for clamping the electrode (6) is arranged in the sleeve (55).

5. A vacuum arc furnace electrode structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (8) comprises a plurality of springs (81) arranged in the sleeve (55), one end of the spring (81) is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (55), and the other end of the spring (81) is connected to an arc plate (82), and the plurality of arc plates (82) jointly clamp the electrode (6).

6. A vacuum arc furnace electrode structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surfaces opposite to the through groove (51) are provided with sliding grooves (52), the outer wall of the connecting rod (54) is provided with sliding blocks (53) corresponding to the sliding grooves (52), and the two sliding blocks (53) are slidably matched with the sliding grooves (52), and the surface of the connecting rod (54) is provided with an arc ring (9), and the sliding seat (5) is provided with a base (11), and the base (11) is provided with a fixing plate (12), and the fixing plate (12) is rotatably connected to a take-up wheel (13), and a take-up and pay-out line (10) is wound on the take-up wheel (13), and one end of the take-up and pay-out line (10) extends to the connecting rod (54) and is connected to the arc ring (9), and the base (11) is provided with a driving component (14) for driving the take-up wheel (13) to rotate.

7. A vacuum arc furnace electrode structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base (11) is provided with a slide groove (111), and the driving component (14) comprises a movable plate (141) slidably arranged in the slide groove (111), a rack (142) is arranged on the top surface of the movable plate (141), a gear (143) is meshed on the rack (142), and the gear (143) is coaxially arranged with the take-up wheel (13), and an electric push rod (144) is arranged in the slide groove (111), and the output shaft of the electric push rod (144) is connected to the movable plate (141).

8. The vacuum arc furnace electrode structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A blocking block (521) is provided on the top surface of the sliding groove (52) close to the sliding seat (5), and the blocking block (521) limits the movement of the sliding block (53).

Images