Flat plate water supply system for relieving drainage of low-temperature reservoir water

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flat plate water supply system, particularly discloses a flat plate water supply system for relieving low-temperature reservoir water drainage, and belongs to the technical field of design and construction of water conservancy and hydropower engineering structures. The flat plate water supply system for relieving low-temperature reservoir water drainage can ensure that a water delivery system can take water with the specified flow under various operation conditions. The flat plate water supply system comprises a water taking structure and further comprises a front flat plate water level adjusting mechanism, and the front flat plate water level adjusting mechanism is arranged in a river channel in front of the water taking structure in the mode that the water retaining height can be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a flat plate water supply system, in particular to a flat plate water supply system for alleviating the leakage of low-temperature reservoir water, and belongs to the technical field of design and construction of water conservancy and hydropower engineering structures. Background Art

[0002] 1. Terminology

[0003] 1) Normal water level: the maximum water level allowed to be stored before the water supply period begins in order to meet the needs of power generation and other benefits under normal operation of the reservoir;

[0004] 2) Dead water level: the lowest water level that the reservoir is allowed to drop to under normal operation;

[0005] 3) Ultimate dead water level: The lowest water level to which the reservoir is allowed to drop during extremely low water periods or when there are other special requirements.

[0006] 2. Reservoir water temperature stratification

[0007] In natural rivers, the temperature difference of water bodies is relatively small, the turbulent mixing effect of water bodies is strong, the free surface of unit water bodies is large, and the temperature changes significantly with air temperature. After the river is dammed into a reservoir, the water temperature characteristics will change greatly. The reservoir usually shows vertical water temperature stratification. Under normal circumstances, the temperature of the upper water body of the reservoir is higher than that of the lower water body, and the water temperature at the bottom of the reservoir is the lowest.

[0008] 3. Hazards of low-temperature water discharge

[0009] When reservoir water is discharged to the downstream river through the water transfer system, if the water intake position is low, low-temperature water may be taken from the lower or bottom layers of the reservoir, which will have a great impact on the water temperature distribution of the downstream natural river, causing delays in the breeding period and reduced production of fish in the downstream water body (fish in the breeding period are very sensitive to water temperature), and reduced production of crops irrigated by using water from the downstream river body.

[0010] 4. Existing engineering measures and main issues to alleviate low-temperature water leakage

[0011] For water conservancy and hydropower projects, in order to ensure that sufficient water is obtained and that the water channel is in a pressurized flow state, the water inlet of the water supply system needs to be set at a lower position to ensure a certain flooding depth. Without setting up other facilities, the water supply system can usually only obtain low-temperature water from the lower layer of the reservoir, which will cause a series of problems such as low-temperature water leakage.

[0012] In order to solve the problem of low-temperature water discharge from temperature-stratified reservoirs, the commonly used solution in current projects is to set up a fixed front retaining wall upstream of the water intake tower, and use the restraining effect of the front retaining wall to draw water from the upper layer of the upstream reservoir with higher water temperature. The main problems of this solution are:

[0013] Question 1: If the front retaining wall is set according to the general operating conditions of normal water storage level ~ dead water level, the top elevation of the front retaining wall usually needs to be set at a higher position to meet the requirements of the upper water body with higher water temperature. When encountering certain extreme operating conditions, such as power generation during extremely dry periods and water supply to downstream, the reservoir needs to operate between the dead water level and the extreme dead water level. Due to the limitation of the front retaining wall, the water delivery system may not be able to obtain enough water; due to the insufficient head at the top of the front retaining wall, the water flow velocity on the upper part of the front retaining wall may be too high and the inflow flow pattern of the water intake tower may be turbulent.

[0014] Question 2: If the front retaining wall is set according to the special operating conditions of dead water level ~ limit water level, the top elevation of the front retaining wall needs to be set at a lower position to meet the requirement of obtaining enough water at the limit dead water level. Under normal operating conditions, since the top elevation of the front retaining wall is set too low, the water delivery system will be drawn to the lower water body of the reservoir with lower temperature, and the effect of alleviating the discharge of low-temperature water will be relatively limited.

[0015] Question 3: The front retaining wall is high and has a large volume of concrete. Utility Model Content

[0016] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a flat plate water supply system for alleviating the leakage of low-temperature reservoir water, which can ensure that the water delivery system can obtain water of specified flow under various operating conditions.

[0017] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is: a flat plate water supply system for alleviating the leakage of low-temperature reservoir water, including a water intake structure. The flat plate water supply system also includes a front flat plate water level regulating mechanism, and the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism is arranged in the river channel in front of the water intake structure with adjustable water retaining height.

[0018] Furthermore, the water intake structure is a water intake tower arranged at the water intake position of the reservoir area, and the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism is arranged in the river channel on the upstream side of the water intake tower.

[0019] The preferred embodiment of the above scheme is that the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism includes a basic support structure and a flat plate gate chamber regulating structure, and the flat plate gate chamber regulating structure is enclosed in front of the water intake tower at the water intake position of the reservoir area with adjustable water retaining height in cooperation with the basic support structure.

[0020] Furthermore, the foundation support structure includes a rock sill, a retaining wall and a gate pier. The gate pier is arranged on the rock sill in front of the water intake tower through the retaining wall. The flat gate chamber adjustment structure is enclosed in front of the water intake tower at the water intake position of the reservoir with adjustable water retaining height in cooperation with the gate pier and the retaining wall.

[0021] The preferred embodiment of the above scheme is that the flat gate chamber adjustment structure includes a flat gate and a buoyancy drive system, and the flat gate is enclosed in front of the water intake tower at the water intake position of the reservoir area with adjustable water retaining height through the buoyancy drive system in cooperation with the gate pier and the retaining wall.

[0022] Furthermore, the flat plate gate includes a storage gate slot, a pier gate slot and a flat plate door leaf, a door leaf storage room is arranged in the retaining wall, the storage gate slot is arranged on both sides of the door leaf storage room, and pier gate slots are respectively provided on the piers on both sides of the flat plate door leaf, and the flat plate door leaf is connected to the buoyancy drive system through its upper end; the flat plate door leaf is limited by the pier gate slot and the storage gate slot during operation; the buoyancy drive system drives the flat plate door leaf to move back and forth vertically in the pier gate slot and the storage gate slot by the rise and fall of water level, thereby adjusting the water intake height of the water inlet tower.

[0023] A preferred embodiment of the above scheme is that the buoyancy drive system includes a floating row and a cable, the flat door leaf includes an anti-corrosion skeleton steel bar and a waterproof and durable flexible material coated on the anti-corrosion skeleton steel bar, the upper end of the cable is connected to the floating row, and the lower end of the cable is connected to the upper end of the flat door leaf.

[0024] Furthermore, the projection of the flat door leaf in its horizontal plane is an I-shape that is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle, and the projection of the storage door slot and the gate pier slot in its horizontal plane is a T-shape. During operation, the flat door leaf is limited by the I-shape at both ends and the T-shape on the storage door slot and the gate pier slot.

[0025] The preferred embodiment of the above scheme is that the elevation of the top of the gate pier - the elevation of the top of the retaining wall = the normal water storage level - the ultimate dead water level = the height of the flat door leaf; the height of the storage gate trough is greater than the height of the flat door leaf, and the height of the flat door leaf is greater than the height of the gate pier; a sand leakage hole is provided at the bottom of the door leaf storage chamber.

[0026] Furthermore, there are multiple gate piers arranged on the retaining wall in front of the water intake tower, and a set of flat gates are arranged between each two adjacent gate piers. Each set of flat gates is driven by a group of floating rows, and each group of floating rows is connected to a flexible floating row group by multiple cables.

[0027] The beneficial effect of the utility model is as follows: the technical solution provided by the present application is based on the existing water intake structure, and the flat plate water supply system of the present application is formed by adding a front flat plate water level regulating mechanism, and the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism is arranged in the river channel in front of the water intake structure with an adjustable water retaining height. In this way, when the water level in the upstream reservoir area rises or falls, the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism can adjust its water retaining height in real time according to its water level, so as to achieve the purpose of enabling the water delivery system to take water as needed, especially under special operating conditions of dead water level to limit water level, the water retaining height can be adjusted by the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring that the water delivery system can take the required water under any conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flat plate water supply system for alleviating the leakage of low-temperature storage water in the utility model in a normal water level working state;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flat plate water supply system used for alleviating the leakage of low-temperature storage water in the utility model in a normal dead water level working state;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flat plate water supply system used for alleviating the leakage of low-temperature storage water in the utility model in the working state of the limit dead water level;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a flat plate gate chamber regulating structure involved in a flat plate water supply system for alleviating water leakage from a low-temperature reservoir according to the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the basic support structure involved in the flat plate water supply system for alleviating the leakage of low temperature storage water in the utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gate slot involved in a flat plate water supply system for alleviating water leakage from a low-temperature reservoir according to the utility model.

[0035] Marked in the figure are: water intake tower 1, rock sill 2, retaining wall 3, gate pier 4, storage gate slot 5, gate pier slot 6, floating row 7, cable 8, anti-corrosion skeleton steel bar 9, waterproof and durable flexible material 10, sand leakage hole 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] like Figure 1 to Figure 7The utility model shows a flat plate water supply system for alleviating the water leakage of low temperature reservoirs, which can ensure that the water supply system can obtain the specified flow of water under various operating conditions. The flat plate water supply system includes a water intake structure, and the flat plate water supply system also includes a front flat plate water level regulating mechanism, and the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism is arranged in the river in front of the water intake structure with an adjustable water retaining height. The technical solution provided by the present application is based on the existing water intake structure, and the flat plate water supply system of the present application is formed by adding a front flat plate water level regulating mechanism, and the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism is arranged in the river in front of the water intake structure with an adjustable water retaining height. In this way, when the water level in the upstream reservoir area rises or falls, the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism can adjust its water retaining height in real time according to its water level, so as to achieve the purpose of enabling the water supply system to take water as needed, especially under special operating conditions of dead water level to limit water level, the water retaining height can be adjusted by the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring that the water supply system can obtain the required water under any conditions. In view of the prior art, the water intake structure of the present application is preferably an intake tower 1 arranged at the water intake position of the reservoir area, and the front flap water level regulating mechanism is arranged in the river channel on the upstream side of the intake tower 1.

[0037] Accordingly, in order to simplify the structure of the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism of the present application as much as possible, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the water level of the water delivery system and facilitate construction and subsequent use, the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism of the present application includes a basic support structure and a flat gate chamber regulating structure, and the flat gate chamber regulating structure is enclosed in front of the water intake tower 1 at the water intake position of the reservoir area with an adjustable water retaining height in cooperation with the basic support structure. At this time, the basic support structure includes a rock sill 2, a retaining wall 3 and a gate pier 4, and the gate pier 4 is arranged on the rock sill 2 in front of the water intake tower 1 through the retaining wall 3, and the flat gate chamber regulating structure is enclosed in front of the water intake tower 1 at the water intake position of the reservoir area with an adjustable water retaining height in cooperation with the gate pier 4 and the retaining wall 3. The flat gate chamber regulating structure includes a flat gate and a buoyancy drive system, and the flat gate is enclosed in front of the water intake tower 1 at the water intake position of the reservoir area with an adjustable water retaining height in cooperation with the gate pier 4 and the retaining wall 3 through the buoyancy drive system. More specifically, the flat gate described in the present application includes a storage gate slot 5, a gate pier slot 6 and a flat gate leaf. A gate leaf storage chamber is provided in the retaining wall 3. The storage gate slot 5 is arranged on both sides of the gate leaf storage chamber. The gate pier slots 6 are respectively provided on the gate piers 4 on both sides of the flat gate leaf. The flat gate leaf is connected to the buoyancy drive system through its upper end. The flat gate leaf during operation is limited by the gate pier slot 6 and the storage gate slot 5. The buoyancy drive system drives the flat gate leaf to move back and forth vertically in the gate pier slot 6 and the storage gate slot 5 by the rise and fall of the water level to adjust the water intake height of the water intake tower 1. The buoyancy drive system includes a floating row 7 and a cable 8. The flat gate leaf includes an anti-corrosion skeleton steel bar 9 and a waterproof and durable flexible material 10 coated on the anti-corrosion skeleton steel bar 9. The upper end of the cable 8 is connected to the floating row 7, and the lower end of the cable 8 is connected to the upper end of the flat gate leaf.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to adapt to the operation of the flexible door leaf underwater, the present application sets the projection of the flat door leaf in its horizontal plane to be an I-shaped shape with wide ends and narrow in the middle, and the storage door slot 5 and the gate pier slot 6 are set to be T-shaped in their horizontal plane projection. During operation, the flat door leaf is limited by the I-shaped shapes at both ends and the T-shaped positions on the storage door slot 5 and the gate pier slot 6. Accordingly, in order to achieve the water level under the special operation conditions of dead water level to limit water level, the present application ensures that the gate pier top elevation - retaining wall top elevation = normal water storage level - limit dead water level = flat door leaf height when setting the retaining wall and the gate pier; the height of the storage door slot 5 is greater than the height of the flat door leaf, and the height of the flat door leaf is greater than the height of the gate pier 4; and a sand leakage hole 11 is set at the bottom of the door leaf storage chamber. Combined with the actual working conditions of the water conservancy and hydropower projects, and at the same time, the volume of the floating row itself is appropriately reduced. A plurality of gate piers 4 are arranged on the retaining wall in front of the water intake tower 1, and a set of flat gates are arranged between each two adjacent gate piers 4. Each set of flat gates is driven by a group of floating rows 7, and each group of floating rows 7 is connected to a flexible floating row group by multiple cables 8.

[0039] In summary, the above solution provided by this application also has the following advantages:

[0040] 1. It can automatically adjust the top elevation of the retaining wall according to the change of the upstream reservoir water level. The specific functions are as follows:

[0041] 1) The rock sill and retaining wall are continuously arranged upstream of the water intake tower, forming a continuous water retaining structure; the gate piers are arranged at intervals upstream of the water intake tower, and space is left between the gate piers for water to pass through;

[0042] 2) The storage gate slot in the retaining wall and the gate slot in the gate pier are located on the same axis. The flat gate is located in the storage gate slot and the gate slot of the gate pier and can be raised and lowered along the gate slot;

[0043] 3) A top baffle is set on the top of the gate slot of the gate pier, which can serve as the top limit to limit the flat gate from extending upward from the gate pier range;

[0044] 4) The flat gate adopts the "I" shape with wide ends and narrow in the middle. The gate slots of the piers and the storage gates are wide inside and narrow outside. The flat gate is always located in the gate slots of the piers and the storage gates, which can ensure the lateral stability of the flat gate;

[0045] 5) The floating row and the flat gate are connected by cables. Since the buoyancy provided by the floating row is greater than the gravity of the flat gate system, the flat gate can be raised and lowered along the gate slot of the pier and the storage gate slot under the buoyancy of the floating row, and the vertical distance between the top of the flat gate and the upstream water surface line is always kept fixed;

[0046] 6) The height of the flat gate is greater than the height of the gate pier. Even if the upstream reservoir is at a normal water level, when the flat gate is at the highest position, it can ensure that the flat gate covers the space between the gate piers and plays a role in retaining water together with the gate piers;

[0047] 7) The height of the storage gate trough is greater than the height of the flat gate. When the upstream reservoir is at the limit dead water level, the flat gate will all fall into the storage gate trough and will not affect water intake;

[0048] 8) The floating rafts are connected by cables to enhance the integrity of the rafts under the action of water flow.

[0049] In summary, the buoyant flat gate structure provided in the present application can automatically adjust the water retaining top elevation according to changes in the upstream reservoir water level, ensuring that when the reservoir operates between the normal water storage level and the extreme dead water level, the vertical distance between the upstream water surface line and the flat gate top elevation always remains fixed, which not only satisfies the requirement of obtaining sufficient water under special operating conditions (dead water level to extreme water level), but also satisfies the requirement of always obtaining upper water with higher temperature under normal operating conditions (normal water storage level to dead water level).

[0050] 2. Convenient operation and no energy consumption. The buoyancy flat gate structure provided in this application is a flat gate structure in which the lifting and lowering of the flat gate are completed by the buoyancy of the reservoir water, without the need for power connection, and is relatively convenient to operate and has no operating energy consumption.

[0051] 3. A sand leakage hole is set at the bottom of the storage gate trough, which is inclined downward to the upstream. If the silt entrained in the water flow is deposited in the storage gate trough, it can be discharged upstream through the sand leakage hole.

[0052] 4. Compared with the fixed front retaining wall solution, the buoyant flat door structure provided in this application reserves a rock sill upstream of the water intake tower, which reduces the amount of excavation and reduces the adverse impact on the environment.

[0053] The technical solution of the present application is further described below through specific embodiments:

[0054] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a buoyancy flat plate door structure which can automatically adjust the elevation of the water retaining top according to the change of the water level of the upstream reservoir, so as to obtain enough water under special operating conditions (dead water level ~ limit water level), and to always obtain the upper water with higher temperature under normal operating conditions (normal water storage level ~ dead water level), and to alleviate the leakage of low-temperature water with convenient operation and no energy consumption.

[0055] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve the technical problem is:

[0056] 1. A buoyancy type flat gate structure for alleviating low temperature water leakage consists of a foundation structure and a gate structure.

[0057] 2. The foundation structure consists of rock sills, retaining walls and gate piers.

[0058] in:

[0059] 1) The rock sill is located upstream of the water intake tower, and the top elevation of the rock sill is higher than the water intake bottom plate elevation of the water intake tower;

[0060] 2) The retaining wall is located on the upper part of the rock sill and is continuously arranged upstream of the water intake tower. A storage gate slot is set inside the retaining wall. The two sides of the storage gate slot are wide inside and narrow outside. A sand leakage hole is set at the bottom of the storage gate slot.

[0061] 3) The gate pier is located on the upper part of the retaining wall and is arranged at intervals upstream of the water intake tower; a gate slot is arranged inside the gate pier, which is wide inside and narrow outside and is located on the same axis as the storage gate slot; a top baffle is arranged on the top of the gate pier.

[0062] 3. The gate structure consists of a flat gate, cables and floating rafts.

[0063] 1) The flat gate adopts an "I" shape with wide ends and narrow middle. It is made of waterproof flexible material with good durability. Both sides are set in the gate slot of the gate pier and the storage gate slot. Anti-corrosion skeleton steel bars are set inside to ensure its deformation integrity.

[0064] 2) The floating rows are arranged at intervals upstream of the water intake tower and directly above the flat gate; the lateral width of the floating rows is smaller than the distance between adjacent gate piers; the floating rows are connected by cables.

[0065] 3) The floating raft is connected to the flat gate through cables; connecting rings are set between the floating raft and the cables, and between the flat gate and the cables to ensure the strength of the connecting parts.

[0066] 4. The elevation of the top of the gate pier - the elevation of the top of the retaining wall = the normal water storage level - the ultimate dead water level = the height of the flat gate.

[0067] 5. The height of the storage gate trough is greater than the height of the flat gate, and the height of the flat gate is greater than the height of the gate pier.

[0068] 6. The buoyancy provided by the floating row is greater than the gravity of the flat gate system. The length of the cable between the floating row and the flat gate can ensure that the vertical distance between the top of the flat gate and the upstream water surface line meets the requirement of obtaining sufficient water.

Claims

1. A flat plate water supply system for alleviating the leakage of low temperature storage water, including a water intake structure, characterized in that: The flat plate water supply system further comprises a front flat plate water level regulating mechanism, which is arranged in the river channel in front of the water intake structure with an adjustable water retaining height.

2. The flat plate water supply system for alleviating low-temperature storage water leakage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water intake structure is a water intake tower (1) arranged at a water intake position in the reservoir area, and the front flat plate water level regulating mechanism is arranged in the river channel on the upstream side of the water intake tower.

3. The flat plate water supply system for alleviating low-temperature storage water leakage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The front flat plate water level regulating mechanism comprises a basic support structure and a flat plate lock chamber regulating structure. The flat plate lock chamber regulating structure is arranged in cooperation with the basic support structure and has an adjustable water retaining height and is enclosed in front of a water intake tower (1) at a water intake position in the reservoir area.

4. The flat plate water supply system for alleviating low-temperature storage water leakage according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The foundation support structure comprises a rock sill (2), a retaining wall (3) and a gate pier (4); the gate pier (4) is arranged on the rock sill (2) in front of the water intake tower (1) through the retaining wall (3); and the flat gate chamber adjustment structure is arranged in front of the water intake tower (1) at the water intake position of the reservoir area with adjustable water retaining height in cooperation with the gate pier (4) and the retaining wall (3).

5. The flat plate water supply system for alleviating low-temperature storage water leakage according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The flat gate chamber adjustment structure comprises a flat gate and a buoyancy drive system. The flat gate is enclosed in front of a water intake tower (1) at a water intake position in a reservoir area with an adjustable water retaining height in cooperation with a gate pier (4) and a retaining wall (3) through the buoyancy drive system.

6. The flat plate water supply system for alleviating low-temperature storage water leakage according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The flat plate gate comprises a storage gate slot (5), a gate pier slot (6) and a flat plate gate leaf. A gate leaf storage chamber is provided in a retaining wall (3). The storage gate slot (5) is arranged on both sides of the gate leaf storage chamber. Gate pier slots (6) are respectively provided on gate piers (4) on both sides of the flat plate gate leaf. The flat plate gate leaf is connected to a buoyancy drive system through its upper end. During operation, the flat plate gate leaf is limited by the gate pier slot (6) and the storage gate slot (5). The buoyancy drive system drives the flat plate gate leaf to move back and forth vertically in the gate pier slot (6) and the storage gate slot (5) by raising and lowering the water level, thereby adjusting the water intake height of the water intake tower (1).

7. The flat plate water supply system for alleviating low-temperature storage water leakage according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The buoyancy drive system comprises a floating row (7) and a cable (8); the flat door leaf comprises an anti-corrosion skeleton steel bar (9) and a waterproof and durable flexible material (10) coated on the anti-corrosion skeleton steel bar (9); the upper end of the cable (8) is connected to the floating row (7), and the lower end of the cable (8) is connected to the upper end of the flat door leaf.

8. The flat plate water supply system for alleviating low-temperature storage water leakage according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The projection of the flat door leaf in the horizontal plane is an I-shape with wide ends and narrow in the middle, and the projection of the storage door slot (5) and the gate pier slot (6) in the horizontal plane is a T-shape. During operation, the flat door leaf is limited by the I-shapes at its two ends and the T-shapes on the storage door slot (5) and the gate pier slot (6).

9. The flat plate water supply system for alleviating low-temperature storage water leakage according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The gate pier top elevation - retaining wall top elevation = normal water storage level - ultimate dead water level = flat door leaf height; the height of the gate storage slot (5) is greater than the height of the flat door leaf, and the height of the flat door leaf is greater than the height of the gate pier (4); a sand leakage hole (11) is provided at the bottom of the door leaf storage chamber.

10. The flat plate water supply system for alleviating low-temperature storage water leakage according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of gate piers (4) are arranged on the retaining wall in front of the water intake tower (1), and a set of flat gates is arranged between each two adjacent gate piers (4). Each set of flat gates is driven by a group of floating rows (7), and each group of floating rows (7) is connected to a flexible floating row group by a plurality of cables (8).

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