Backup power supply circuit based on lithium ion super capacitor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a back-up power supply circuit based on a lithium ion super capacitor, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage equipment. The circuit comprises an AC-DC power supply, a lithium ion super capacitor back-up power supply and a system power supply circuit. One end of the lithium ion super capacitor backup power supply is in coupling connection with the AC-DC power supply, and the other end of the lithium ion super capacitor backup power supply is connected with the system power supply circuit; the lithium ion super-capacitor backup power supply comprises X groups of lithium ion super-capacitor circuits and a charging and discharging current limiting circuit which are sequentially connected in series, and X is a natural number; the lithium ion super capacitor circuit comprises a lithium ion super capacitor, an equalization circuit and a lithium battery protection circuit which are connected in parallel. According to the utility model, the lithium ion super capacitor backup power supply has high energy density and rapid charging capability, and X groups of lithium ion super capacitor circuits can be flexibly configured to meet different load and energy storage requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage equipment, in particular to a backup power supply circuit based on a lithium ion supercapacitor. Background Art

[0002] The existing smart energy unit is a smart energy control device with a design concept of miniaturization, distribution, and lightweight. It can monitor the operating status, electricity, power, cooling capacity, temperature and other information of air conditioners and other equipment in real time, and has powerful edge computing and self-learning capabilities. It can collect, store, analyze and calculate multi-channel electricity information in real time, realize user load resource aggregation, adjustable quantity calculation, load forecasting and other functions, and can also realize multiple intelligent functions such as multi-time scale control of electricity load, flexible and precise control, flexible load management, local frequency autonomy, etc. In addition, the smart energy unit also adopts a standard modular hardware structure design, which can be used in a packaged modular combination according to functional requirements and actual equipment conditions on site, so as to be suitable for a variety of different load management scenarios.

[0003] Based on these new features of smart energy units, they are very different from previous electricity consumption information collection terminals. The original supercapacitor (EDLC) backup power supply solution can no longer meet its intelligent performance requirements. The existing backup power supply circuit requires frequent maintenance, has low energy efficiency, lacks flexibility and environmental protection. Utility Model Content

[0004] Purpose of this utility model:

[0005] The lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply adopted by the utility model has high energy density and fast charging capability, and can store and release a large amount of electric energy in a short time. The circuit can flexibly configure X groups of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits to meet different load and energy storage requirements. In addition, the design of the balancing circuit keeps the voltage of each battery cell balanced, extending the battery life.

[0006] Technical Solution

[0007] A backup power supply circuit based on a lithium-ion supercapacitor comprises an AC-DC power supply, a lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply and a system power supply circuit; one end of the lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply is coupled to the AC-DC power supply, and the other end is connected to the system power supply circuit;

[0008] The lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply comprises X groups of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits and charge-discharge current limiting circuits connected in series, wherein X is a natural number;

[0009] The lithium-ion supercapacitor circuit includes a lithium-ion supercapacitor, a balancing circuit and a lithium battery protection circuit connected in parallel; the balancing circuit includes a first resistor R1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a third capacitor C3, a first virtual machine D1 and an N-type field effect transistor V1; one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the charge and discharge current limiting circuit, and the other end is coupled to the first virtual machine D1 through the third resistor R3; one end of the third capacitor C3 is coupled to the third pin of the first virtual machine D1, and the other end is grounded; the sixth pin of the first virtual machine D1 is coupled to the gate of the N-type field effect transistor through the fourth resistor R4; the source of the N-type field effect transistor V1 leads to two branches, one of which is coupled to the third pin of the first virtual machine D1, and the second branch is connected to the third capacitor C3; the gate of the N-type field effect transistor V1 is coupled to the sixth pin of the first virtual machine D1 through the fourth resistor R4, and the drain of the N-type field effect transistor V1 leads to two branches, one of which is connected to the first resistor R1, and the second branch is coupled to the charge and discharge current limiting circuit.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present application, the charge and discharge current limiting circuit includes a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and a second diode V2 connected in parallel.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present application, the lithium battery protection circuit includes a second resistor R2 and a second capacitor C2 connected in series, and a midpoint between the second resistor R2 and the second capacitor C2 is coupled to a second virtual machine D2.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present application, the second virtual machine D2, when X groups of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits are <2, the second virtual machine D2 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor R2; when X groups of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits are ≥2, one end of the second virtual machine D1 is coupled to the second capacitor R2, and the other end is connected to the lithium-ion protection circuit in the next group of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits.

[0013] According to one aspect of the present application, the first virtual machine model is CM1010.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present application, the second virtual machine model is SC5510A.

[0015] According to one aspect of the present application, the operating voltage range of the lithium-ion supercapacitor is 2.5V to 4.0V.

[0016] Beneficial Effects

[0017] 1. The lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply used in the utility model has high energy density and fast charging capability, and can store and release a large amount of electrical energy in a short time. The circuit can flexibly configure X groups of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits to meet different load and energy storage requirements. In addition, the design of the balancing circuit keeps the voltage of each battery cell balanced, extending the battery life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure of the backup power supply circuit based on lithium-ion supercapacitor.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the backup power supply circuit based on the lithium-ion supercapacitor of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the framework of the backup power supply circuit based on lithium-ion supercapacitor.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the power supply structure framework of the backup power supply circuit based on lithium-ion supercapacitor of the utility model.

[0022] Description of the drawings: 1 is a lithium-ion supercapacitor; 2 is a balancing circuit; 3 is a lithium battery protection circuit; 4 is a charge and discharge current limiting circuit; 5 is an AC-DC power supply; 6 is a lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply; 7 is a system power supply circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a backup power supply circuit based on a lithium-ion supercapacitor includes an AC-DC power supply, a lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply and a system power supply circuit; one end of the lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply is coupled to the AC-DC power supply, and the other end is connected to the system power supply circuit.

[0024] The lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply comprises X groups of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits and charge and discharge current limiting circuits connected in series in sequence, wherein X is a natural number.

[0025] like Figure 2As shown, the lithium-ion supercapacitor circuit includes a lithium-ion supercapacitor, a balancing circuit and a lithium battery protection circuit connected in parallel; the balancing circuit includes a first resistor R1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a third capacitor C3, a first virtual machine D1 and an N-type field effect transistor V1; one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the charge and discharge current limiting circuit, and the other end is coupled to the first virtual machine D1 through the third resistor R3; one end of the third capacitor C3 is coupled to the third pin of the first virtual machine D1, and the other end is grounded; the sixth pin of the first virtual machine D1 is coupled to the gate of the N-type field effect transistor through the fourth resistor R4; the source of the N-type field effect transistor V1 leads to two branches, one of which is coupled to the third pin of the first virtual machine D1, and the second branch is connected to the third capacitor C3; the gate of the N-type field effect transistor V1 is coupled to the sixth pin of the first virtual machine D1 through the fourth resistor R4, and the drain of the N-type field effect transistor V1 leads to two branches, one of which is connected to the first resistor R1, and the second branch is coupled to the charge and discharge current limiting circuit.

[0026] In this embodiment, the balancing circuit is connected to the charge and discharge current limiting circuit at one end of the resistor R1, and coupled to the virtual machine D1 at the other end through the resistor R3; one end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the virtual machine D1, and the other end is grounded; the sixth pin of the first virtual machine D1 is coupled to the gate of the N-type field effect transistor through the fourth resistor R4; the source of the N-type field effect transistor V1 leads to two branches, one of which is coupled to the third pin of the first virtual machine D1, and the second branch is connected to the third capacitor C3; the gate is coupled to the sixth pin of the first virtual machine D1 through the fourth resistor R4; the drain leads to two branches, one of which is connected to the first resistor R1, and the second branch is coupled to the charge and discharge current limiting circuit.

[0027] In this embodiment, the model of the virtual machine D1 is CM1010.

[0028] The lithium battery protection circuit includes a resistor R2 and a capacitor C2 which are connected in series in sequence, and a middle point between the resistor R2 and the capacitor C2 is connected to a virtual machine D2.

[0029] In this embodiment, the model of virtual machine D2 is SC5510A.

[0030] The lithium battery protection circuit also includes a virtual machine D2. When a lithium ion supercapacitor backup power supply is composed of a group of lithium ion supercapacitor circuits and a charge and discharge current limiting circuit connected in series, the virtual machine D2 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C2; when two or more groups of lithium ion supercapacitor circuits are connected in series with the charge and discharge current limiting circuit, one end of the first group of virtual machines D2 is coupled to the capacitor C2, and the other end is connected to the resistor R9 in the lithium ion protection circuit of the next group of lithium ion supercapacitor circuits.

[0031] In this embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply is composed of 3 groups of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits and charge and discharge current limiting circuits in series. Each group of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits is composed of lithium-ion supercapacitors, balancing circuits, and lithium battery protection circuits. The operating voltage range of lithium-ion supercapacitors is 2.5V to 4.0V, and the maximum charging voltage can reach 4V. The capacity can be calculated and selected according to actual needs; the balancing circuit is designed based on the maximum charging voltage of lithium-ion supercapacitors of 4V. When working, it actually monitors the voltage at both ends of the lithium-ion supercapacitor in real time. When the voltage reaches 4V, the balancing path is opened to bypass the charging current from the balancing circuit, protecting the lithium-ion supercapacitor from overvoltage charging damage, and making the charging voltage of each group of series lithium-ion supercapacitors reach equilibrium; the lithium battery protection circuit works by controlling the disconnection of the negative electrode of the lithium-ion supercapacitor, monitoring the voltage at both ends of the lithium-ion supercapacitor and its charge and discharge current in real time, and protecting it from overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent. The charge and discharge current limiting circuit is composed of parallel resistors R5, R6, R7 and diode V2. When charging, the diode is reverse cutoff, and the charging current is limited by the resistor. When discharging, the diode is forward-conducted. When the current is discharged at a small current, the current flows from the resistor. When the current is discharged at a large current, the current mainly flows from the diode. After the three sets of circuits are connected in series, the operating voltage range of the backup power supply is 7.5V-12V.

[0032] The charge and discharge current limiting circuit is composed of a resistor and a diode. When charging, the diode is reverse cutoff, and the charging current is limited by the resistor. When discharging, the diode is forward-conducted. When the current is discharged with a small current, the current flows from the resistor, and when the current is discharged with a large current, the current mainly flows from the diode. After the three sets of circuits are connected in series, the operating voltage range of the backup power supply is 7.5V-12V. In addition, in order to prevent reverse current from occurring during the charge and discharge process, a protection diode reverse connection circuit is added.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, after the terminal is powered on, the AC-DC power supply charges the lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply and supplies power to the system circuit at the same time. After power failure, the lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply supplies power to the system circuit.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A backup power supply circuit based on a lithium-ion supercapacitor, characterized in that: It includes an AC-DC power supply, a lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply and a system power supply circuit; one end of the lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply is coupled to the AC-DC power supply, and the other end is connected to the system power supply circuit; The lithium-ion supercapacitor backup power supply comprises X groups of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits and charge-discharge current limiting circuits connected in series, wherein X is a natural number; The lithium-ion supercapacitor circuit includes a lithium-ion supercapacitor, a balancing circuit and a lithium battery protection circuit connected in parallel; the balancing circuit includes a first resistor R1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a third capacitor C3, a first virtual machine D1 and an N-type field effect transistor V1; one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the charge and discharge current limiting circuit, and the other end is coupled to the first virtual machine D1 through the third resistor R3; one end of the third capacitor C3 is coupled to the third pin of the first virtual machine D1, and the other end is grounded; the sixth pin of the first virtual machine D1 is coupled to the gate of the N-type field effect transistor through the fourth resistor R4; the source of the N-type field effect transistor V1 leads to two branches, one of which is coupled to the third pin of the first virtual machine D1, and the second branch is connected to the third capacitor C3; the gate of the N-type field effect transistor V1 is coupled to the sixth pin of the first virtual machine D1 through the fourth resistor R4, and the drain of the N-type field effect transistor V1 leads to two branches, one of which is connected to the first resistor R1, and the second branch is coupled to the charge and discharge current limiting circuit.

2. The backup power supply circuit based on lithium-ion supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charge and discharge current limiting circuit includes a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and a second diode V2 connected in parallel.

3. The backup power supply circuit based on lithium-ion supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery protection circuit includes a second resistor R2 and a second capacitor C2 connected in series in sequence, and a middle point between the second resistor R2 and the second capacitor C2 is coupled to a second virtual device D2.

4. The backup power supply circuit based on lithium-ion supercapacitor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second virtual machine D2, when X groups of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits are less than 2, the second virtual machine D2 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor R2; when X groups of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits are ≥2, one end of the second virtual machine D2 is coupled to the second capacitor R2, and the other end is connected to the lithium-ion protection circuit in the next group of lithium-ion supercapacitor circuits.

5. The backup power supply circuit based on lithium-ion supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model of the first virtual machine is CM1010.

6. The backup power supply circuit based on lithium-ion supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model of the second virtual machine is SC5510A.

7. The backup power supply circuit based on lithium-ion supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating voltage range of the lithium-ion supercapacitor is 2.5V to 4.0V.

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