Energy storage device and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage, and provides an energy storage device and an energy storage system.The energy storage device comprises a fire fighting module and at least one battery pack, the fire fighting module comprises a first box body, the first box body is used for storing a fire fighting medium, and a medium spraying opening is formed in the outer wall of the first box body; each battery pack comprises a second box body and a plurality of batteries, the second box body is used for accommodating the plurality of batteries, an opening is formed in the outer wall of the second box body, and the opening of each second box body is used for being communicated with the medium spraying port of the fire-fighting module through a pipeline. According to the energy storage device and the energy storage system, the problem that a fire extinguishing system is arranged in a building system where the energy storage device is located, and a fire point in the energy storage device cannot be accurately extinguished can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage device and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] When electronic devices are in use, they usually require energy storage devices to power them. However, energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, and sodium batteries, may experience thermal runaway due to their own chemical reactions or external influences. Thermal runaway is harmful and uncontrollable, so energy storage devices usually need to be equipped with fire protection systems. Common fire protection systems are arranged in the building system where the energy storage device is located. The fire extinguishing agent is transported to the fire point through the fire protection pipe, so as to spray the burning energy storage device. Because the surface of the energy storage device is sprayed, it is impossible to accurately extinguish the fire point inside the energy storage device. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage device and an energy storage system, which can improve the problem that the fire protection system is arranged in the building system where the energy storage device is located, and it is impossible to accurately extinguish the fire point inside the energy storage device.

[0004] In the first aspect, the present application provides an energy storage device, which includes a fire-fighting module and at least one battery pack, wherein the fire-fighting module includes a first box, the first box is used to store a fire-fighting medium, and the outer wall of the first box is provided with a medium ejection port; each battery pack includes a second box and a plurality of batteries, the second box is used to accommodate a plurality of batteries, and the outer wall of the second box is provided with an opening, and each opening of the second box is used to communicate with the medium ejection port of the fire-fighting module through a pipeline. Thus, when the battery pack has thermal runaway, the fire-fighting medium in the fire-fighting module can enter the inner cavity of the second box through the medium ejection port, the pipeline, and the opening of the battery pack having thermal runaway, and then use the rapid immersion of the fire-fighting medium (usually liquid-gas immersion) to achieve direct and efficient fire extinguishing for the internal fire point of the battery pack, and at the same time, it can solve the problem of re-ignition, control the risk of spread, and also play the effect of suppressing the early thermal runaway of the battery. In addition, the storage capacity of the fire-fighting medium is not limited by the internal space of the second box, but can be adapted to store a fire-fighting module with a suitable amount of fire-fighting medium according to the battery runaway effect and hazard level.

[0005] In a possible embodiment, a switch control unit is provided at the medium ejection port, and when each battery pack is working normally, the switch control unit closes the medium ejection port. When at least one battery pack has thermal runaway, the switch control unit is opened, and the interior of the first box, the medium ejection port, the opening of the thermal runaway battery pack, and the interior of the second box of the thermal runaway battery pack are connected.

[0006] Furthermore, in a possible embodiment, a first one-way valve is installed at the opening, and when a battery pack in at least one battery pack is in thermal runaway, the on-off control unit of the fire protection module is in an open state, the first one-way valve is in an open state, and the interior of the first box, the medium ejection port, and the interior of the second box of the battery pack in thermal runaway are connected. The first one-way valve only allows fluid to enter the interior of the second box from the outside, and does not allow fluid in the second box to be discharged to the outside of the second box through the first one-way valve. This arrangement can prevent smoke generated by combustion from flowing back into the interior of the first box, thereby preventing the smoke from affecting the eruption of the fire protection medium.

[0007] In a possible embodiment, the fire protection module and each battery pack are stacked along a first direction, and each two adjacent boxes are fixedly connected. The box includes any one of a first box and a second box. This solution can reduce the space occupied by the energy storage device in other directions.

[0008] Furthermore, in a possible embodiment, the energy storage device includes a thermal trigger component, and the thermal trigger component is used to trigger the on-off control unit to turn on.

[0009] Furthermore, in a possible embodiment, the on-off control portion includes a hot melt portion, and the hot melt portion closes the medium ejection port.

[0010] Each second box is equipped with an explosion-proof valve, and the thermal trigger assembly includes a thermistor. The distance between the thermistor and the explosion-proof valve of each battery pack is within the distance threshold. One end of the thermistor is connected to the hot melt part. After the thermistor is triggered, the hot melt part is used to melt under the action of the thermistor. In this solution, the control logic of the energy storage device is simplified.

[0011] Exemplarily, the distance threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 30 centimeters.

[0012] Furthermore, in a possible embodiment, the energy storage device includes an isolation cover, which is fixed and sealed to each box body, and together with each box body, encloses a storage space, and the thermistor and each explosion-proof valve are located in the storage space. The storage space has an exhaust port, and the storage space is connected to the external environment through the exhaust port. In this solution, after a loss of control, the high-temperature flue gas triggers the combustion of the thermistor wire, and the high-temperature flue gas gathers at the exhaust port and is discharged. The storage space enclosed by the isolation cover and each box body is a non-oxygen-rich environment, which can prevent the thermistor wire from triggering sparks to ignite the high-temperature flue gas, thereby preventing the thermistor wire spark from causing adverse effects on the consequences of loss of control.

[0013] Furthermore, in a possible embodiment, at least one battery pack and a fire fighting module are stacked, the exhaust port is located on the bottom wall of the isolation cover, and there is a distance between the bottom end of the thermal line and the exhaust port. In this solution, the smoke is ejected downward, which is conducive to reducing the diffusion range of the smoke, thereby reducing the possibility of sparks in the smoke igniting combustibles in the external environment.

[0014] In a possible embodiment, the minimum flow area of ​​the accommodating space is greater than or equal to the sum of the flow areas of the explosion-proof valves, thereby avoiding the situation where smoke in the second box cannot be discharged smoothly due to the limitation of the flow area of ​​the accommodating space.

[0015] In a possible embodiment, the thermal trigger assembly includes at least one thermistor wire, each battery pack corresponds to at least one thermistor wire, and the thermistor wire is at least partially located in a second box corresponding to the thermistor wire. The energy storage device includes a control unit, and the on-off control unit includes an on-off valve, which is electrically connected to the control unit. After the thermistor wire is triggered, the control unit is used to control the on-off valve to open.

[0016] In a possible embodiment, the energy storage device includes a sealed pipe, a first box body has an air inlet, and a second box body is equipped with an explosion-proof valve or has a discharge port. One end of the sealed pipe is connected to the air inlet, and the other end of the sealed pipe is connected to the corresponding explosion-proof valve or discharge port. When a battery pack in at least one battery pack has thermal runaway, the air inlet is connected to the interior of the battery pack with thermal runaway through the sealed pipe and the explosion-proof valve or discharge port of the battery pack with thermal runaway, and the on-off control unit is turned on. In this solution, the triggering mode of the fire protection module is pressure triggering, which is conducive to simplifying the control logic of the energy storage device.

[0017] Furthermore, in a possible embodiment, a second one-way valve is installed at the air inlet, and the second one-way valve only allows fluid to enter the interior of the first box through the second one-way valve, thereby preventing the fire-fighting medium from spraying out from the air inlet of the first box.

[0018] In a possible embodiment, the energy storage device includes a control unit, the on-off control unit includes an on-off valve, the on-off valve is electrically connected to the control unit, and when a battery pack in at least one battery pack is in thermal runaway, the control unit controls the on-off valve to open. In this solution, the fire protection module is triggered by electrical signal force, and the triggering of the fire protection module is more sensitive and reliable.

[0019] In a possible embodiment, the second box includes a top wall, a bottom wall and a plurality of side walls, the top wall and the bottom wall are arranged opposite to each other, and the plurality of side walls are connected between the top wall and the bottom wall. The opening and the explosion-proof valve are located on two opposite side walls of the second box, so that when the battery has thermal runaway, the air flows from one side to the other side, and in the process of continuously injecting the fire-fighting medium into the interior of the second box from the outside, the air inside the second box is emptied more quickly, that is, the oxygen inside the second box is discharged more quickly, thereby efficiently extinguishing the fire.

[0020] In a possible embodiment, the first box body has a fire protection interface, which is connected to the interior of the first box body and is used to introduce external fire protection medium, so that the fire protection medium can be replenished into the first box body through the fire protection interface, thereby avoiding the occurrence of insufficient fire protection medium.

[0021] In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage system, which includes an energy storage device and a power converter provided by the technical solution of the first aspect, and the power converter is used to convert the electric energy output by the external power supply and output it to the energy storage device. In this solution, when the battery pack has thermal runaway, the firefighting medium in the firefighting module can enter the inner cavity of the second box through the medium ejection port, the pipeline and the opening of the battery pack that has thermal runaway, and use the rapid immersion of the firefighting medium (usually liquid-gas immersion) to achieve direct and efficient fire extinguishing for the fire point inside the battery pack. At the same time, it can solve the problem of re-ignition, control the risk of spread, and also play a role in suppressing the early thermal runaway of the battery. In addition, the storage capacity of the firefighting medium is not limited by the internal space of the second box, but can be adapted to store a firefighting module with an appropriate amount of firefighting medium according to the battery runaway effect and hazard level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another energy storage device provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the energy storage device from another angle;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a thermistor wire and an explosion-proof valve in an energy storage device provided in the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a thermistor wire and an explosion-proof valve in another energy storage device provided in the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of another energy storage device provided in this application;

[0030] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of another energy storage device provided in this application;

[0031] Fig.10 A top view of a fire protection module in an energy storage device in the present application;

[0032] Fig.11 for Fig.10A front view of the fire fighting module;

[0033] Fig.12 A top view of a fire protection module in another energy storage device in the present application;

[0034] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A front view of the fire fighting module;

[0035] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in this application.

[0036] Numbers: 1-firefighting module; 101-hollow part; 11-first box; 111-medium ejection port; 112-on / off valve; 113-air inlet; 115-firefighting interface; 2-battery pack; 21-second box; 211-opening; 212-first one-way valve; 213-explosion-proof valve; 3-thermal wire; 4-isolation cover; 41-exhaust port; 5-control unit; 51-third box; 6-sealing cover; 7-base; 100-energy storage device; 200-power converter; 300-external power supply; 400-electrical equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to facilitate understanding of the energy storage device and energy storage system provided in the embodiments of the present application, the application scenarios thereof are first introduced below. The energy storage device is used to power electronic devices so that the electronic devices can operate. The energy storage device generally includes a battery pack, which includes a case and a plurality of batteries, and the plurality of batteries are fixed in a receiving cavity of the case. When the battery pack has thermal runaway due to chemical reactions of the battery or external influences, the fire point is located in the case. Therefore, spraying the battery pack from the outside cannot extinguish the fire at the source, and the fire extinguishing effect is poor.

[0038] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device and an energy storage system to solve the above problems. In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of the present application, the singular expressions "a", "an", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless there is a clear contrary indication in the context.

[0040] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear at different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0041] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device 100 provided in this application. Figure 1 As shown, an energy storage device 100 provided in this embodiment includes a fire-fighting module 1 and a battery pack 2, wherein there is at least one battery pack 2. That is to say, according to actual needs, the battery pack 2 can be one, two, three or more. Further, the fire-fighting module 1 includes a first box body 11 for storing a fire-fighting medium, and the outer wall of the first box body 11 is provided with a medium ejection port 111. Each battery pack 2 includes a second box body 21 and a plurality of batteries (not shown in the figure), the second box body 21 is used to accommodate the plurality of batteries, and the outer wall of the second box body 21 is provided with an opening 211. The opening 211 of each second box body 21 is used to communicate with the medium ejection port 111 of the fire protection module 1 through a pipeline (not shown in the figure), so that when the battery pack 2 has thermal runaway, the fire protection medium in the fire protection module 1 can enter the inner cavity of the second box body 21 through the medium ejection port 111, the pipeline and the opening 211 of the battery pack 2 having thermal runaway, and then utilize the rapid immersion of the fire protection medium (usually liquid-gas immersion) to achieve direct and efficient fire extinguishing of the fire point inside the battery pack 2. At the same time, it can solve the problem of re-ignition, control the risk of spread, and also play the effect of suppressing early thermal runaway of the battery.

[0042] In addition, the storage amount of the fire-fighting medium is not limited by the internal space of the second box body 21, but the fire-fighting module 1 with a suitable amount of fire-fighting medium can be adapted and stored according to the battery runaway effect and the hazard level.

[0043] In a specific implementation, the type and quantity of the fire protection modules 1 can be matched according to the battery system and capacity.

[0044] It is not difficult to understand that the first box 11 and each second box 21 are connected by a pipeline, and at least after the fire module 1 is triggered, the pressure in the first box 11 is greater than the pressure in the second box 21, so that the fire medium can flow into the battery pack 2 to immerse the fire source. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the pipeline structure forms a sealing effect of IP66 or above to prevent leakage of the fire medium.

[0045] It is worth noting that the firefighting medium mentioned in this embodiment can be an electrical firefighting agent such as perfluorohexanone, aerosol, heptafluoropropane, etc., or a non-conductive liquid such as pure water or distilled water. The role of the firefighting medium is to occupy the space in the second box 21, expel oxygen and cool the battery, thereby achieving fire extinguishing.

[0046] Exemplarily, an on-off control unit is provided at the medium ejection port of the first box body 11, and the on-off control unit controls the connection state between the medium ejection port 111 and the interior of the first box body 11. When each battery pack 2 is working normally, the on-off control unit of the fire fighting module 1 closes the medium ejection port. Such a setting can prevent external impurities from entering the inner cavity of the first box body 11, thereby avoiding the influence of impurities on the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing medium. Furthermore, when at least one battery pack 2 has a thermal runaway, the on-off control unit of the fire fighting module 1 is turned on, and the interior of the first box body 11, the medium ejection port 111, the opening 211 of the thermally runaway battery pack 2, and the interior of the second box body 21 of the thermally runaway battery pack 2 are connected, so that the fire fighting medium in the fire fighting module 1 can enter the inner cavity of the second box body 21 through the medium ejection port 111, the pipeline, and the opening 211 of the thermally runaway battery pack 2, so as to achieve direct fire extinguishing at the fire point.

[0047] Of course, in other implementations, when the battery pack 2 is in thermal runaway, the on / off control unit of the fire module 1 is in an on state, and the interior of the second box 21 of each battery pack 2 is connected to the interior of the first box 11 through the opening 211 on the second box 21 and the medium ejection port 111 on the first box 11, that is, when a battery is in thermal runaway, the interior of each second box 21 will be immersed in the fire medium. When this solution is adopted, the structure and control logic of the fire fighting device are more simplified, which is conducive to saving the device cost.

[0048] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another energy storage device 100 provided in this application, Figure 1 compared to, Figure 2 In the energy storage device 100 shown, a first one-way valve 212 is installed at the opening 211 of each second box body 21. The first one-way valve 212 only allows fluid to enter the interior of the second box body 21 from the outside, and does not allow the fluid inside the second box body 21 to be discharged to the outside of the second box body 21 through the first one-way valve 212. This arrangement can prevent the smoke generated by the combustion from flowing back into the interior of the first box body 11, thereby avoiding the influence of the smoke on the eruption of the fire-fighting medium. It is not difficult to understand that in this case, when at least one battery pack 2 has a thermal runaway, the on-off control unit of the fire-fighting module 1 is in an open state, and the first one-way valve 212 is also in an open state, and the interior of the first box body 11, the medium ejection port 111 and the interior of the second box body 21 of the thermally runaway battery pack 2 are connected.

[0049] Next, please continue to refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the fire protection module 1 and each battery pack 2 are stacked along the first direction A to reduce the space occupied by the energy storage device 100 in other directions. For ease of understanding, the first box body 11 and the second box body 21 are collectively referred to as boxes below, that is, the boxes mentioned below include any one of the first box body 11 and the second box body 21. In specific implementation, when the fire protection module 1 and each battery pack 2 are stacked along the first direction A, each two adjacent boxes are fixedly connected. It is not difficult to understand that, according to actual needs, the fire protection module 1 can be arranged between two battery packs 2, or the battery packs 2 can be arranged in sequence along the first direction A to form a battery pack unit, and the fire protection module 1 is located on one side of the battery pack unit in the first direction A. Exemplarily, the first direction A is a vertical direction. Of course, according to actual needs, the first direction A can also be other directions.

[0050] Next, the triggering mode of the fire protection module 1 is described by taking the case where the fire protection module 1 and the battery packs 2 are stacked along the first direction A as an example. For example, the triggering mode of the fire protection module 1 can be thermal triggering, electrical signal triggering, or pressure triggering.

[0051] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 4 for Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage device from another angle is shown below. Figure 3 and Figure 4The situation of heat triggering of the fire protection module is described. Specifically, in some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 includes a heat trigger component for triggering the opening of the on-off control unit, so that when a battery pack 2 has thermal runaway, the on-off control unit can be triggered by the heat trigger component and opened, and the fire protection medium in the first box 11 can enter the interior of the second box 21 through the medium ejection port 111 and the opening 211 of the second box 21 of the thermal runaway battery pack 2 to achieve fire extinguishing. Exemplarily, in a specific embodiment, the on-off control unit includes a hot melt portion (not shown in the figure), and the hot melt portion, as the name implies, is a portion that can be melted by heat. It is not difficult to understand that the melting temperature of the hot melt portion depends on the melting point of its material. Furthermore, each second box 21 is equipped with an explosion-proof valve 213, and the heat trigger component includes a thermistor 3. One end of the thermistor 3 is connected to the hot melt portion, and the distance between the thermistor 3 and the explosion-proof valve 213 of each battery pack 2 is within the distance threshold. The distance threshold is a spatial distance. For example, the distance threshold may be greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 30 cm. For example, the thermistor line 3 is in contact with the explosion-proof valve 213 of each battery pack 2, or the spatial distance between the thermistor line 3 and the explosion-proof valve 213 of each battery pack 2 is about 5 cm. There are many ways to implement the routing path of the thermistor line 3 near the explosion-proof valve 213 of each battery pack 2, for example, Figure 5 As shown, the thermistor wire 3 is circularly surrounded by the explosion-proof valve 213 of each battery pack 2 and does not contact the explosion-proof valve 213, or, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the thermistor 3 is irregularly surrounded by the explosion-proof valve 213 of each battery pack 2 and contacts the explosion-proof valve 213. Any part of the thermistor 3 can be triggered by high temperature and burn. The temperature of the thermistor 3 when burning is not lower than the melting point of the hot melt part, so that after the thermistor 3 is triggered, the hot melt part can melt under the action of the thermistor 3, and then trigger the on-off control part to open, and the fire-fighting medium can be sprayed out from the medium spray port 111 and enter the second box 21 of the battery pack 2 where thermal runaway occurs or enter the second box 21 of all battery packs 2, and gradually fill the second box 21 of the battery pack 2. At the same time, the explosion-proof valve 213 will open, so that the air inside the second box 21 can be discharged to the outside of the second box 21 through the explosion-proof valve 213 under the action of the fire-fighting medium, so that all the oxygen in the second box 21 is discharged, thereby realizing the fire-fighting function. Exemplarily, the second box body includes a top wall, a bottom wall and multiple side walls, the top wall and the bottom wall are arranged opposite to each other, and the multiple side walls are connected between the top wall and the bottom wall. The opening 211 and the explosion-proof valve 213 on the second box body 21 are located on two opposite side walls of the second box body 21, so that when the battery has thermal runaway, the air flow flows from one side to the other side. In the process of continuously injecting fire-fighting medium into the interior of the second box body 21 from the outside, the air inside the second box body 21 is emptied more quickly, that is, the oxygen inside the second box body 21 is discharged faster, thereby efficiently extinguishing the fire.

[0052] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The energy storage device 100 includes an isolation cover 4, which is fixed and sealed to each box, and the isolation cover 4 and each box jointly enclose a storage space, and the thermistor 3 and each explosion-proof valve 213 are located in the storage space. In addition, the storage space has an exhaust port 41, and the storage space is connected to the external environment through the exhaust port 41. In this solution, after loss of control, the high-temperature flue gas triggers the combustion of the thermistor 3, and the high-temperature flue gas gathers at the exhaust port 41 and is discharged. The storage space enclosed by the isolation cover 4 and each box is a non-oxygen-rich environment, which can prevent the thermistor 3 from triggering sparks to ignite the high-temperature flue gas, thereby preventing the spark of the thermistor 3 from causing adverse effects on the consequences of loss of control.

[0053] Further, please continue to follow Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the medium ejection port 111 of the first box body 11 and the opening 211 of the second box body 21 are located on the same side of the energy storage device 100, and the opening 211 of the second box body 21 and the explosion-proof valve 213 are located on opposite sides of the second box body 21, the thermistor 3 is bypassed from the outside of the first box body 11 to connect with the hot melt part, and the isolation cover 4 is bypassed from the outside of the first box body 11 and is covered on the outside of the thermistor 3.

[0054] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In a specific implementation, the first direction A is a vertical direction, that is, the fire protection module 1 and each battery pack 2 are stacked in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the exhaust port 41 is located on the bottom wall of the isolation cover 4, and there is a distance between the bottom end of the thermistor 3 and the exhaust port 41. In this scheme, the smoke is ejected downward, which is conducive to reducing the diffusion range of the smoke, thereby reducing the possibility of sparks in the smoke igniting combustibles in the external environment. It is not difficult to understand that the distance between the bottom end of the thermistor 3 and the exhaust port 41 is greater than 0.

[0055] Further, in a possible implementation, the minimum flow area of ​​the accommodation space is greater than or equal to the sum of the flow areas of the explosion-proof valves 213, so as to avoid the situation that the smoke in the second box 21 cannot be discharged smoothly due to the limitation of the flow area of ​​the accommodation space. It should be understood that the flow area is the area of ​​the cross section of the pipeline perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid when the fluid flows in the pipeline. The minimum flow area of ​​the accommodation space is the area of ​​the minimum cross section of the accommodation space perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid when the fluid flows in the accommodation space.

[0056] Of course, the thermal trigger component can also be implemented in other ways. For example, in some embodiments, the thermal trigger component includes at least one thermosensitive wire 3, each battery pack 2 corresponds to at least one thermosensitive wire 3, and the thermosensitive wire 3 is at least partially located in the second box 21 corresponding to the thermosensitive wire 3. Figure 7 As shown, the energy storage device 100 includes a control unit 5, and the on-off control unit includes an on-off valve 112. The on-off valve 112 is electrically connected to the control unit 5. After the thermistor 3 is triggered, the control unit 5 is used to control the on-off valve 112 to open. Specifically, each battery pack 2 includes a control circuit (not shown in the figure), and the on-off valve 112 at the medium ejection port 111 and the control circuit of each battery pack 2 are electrically connected to the control unit 5. Thermistor 3 ( Figure 7 The thermistor 3 is electrically connected to the control circuit corresponding to the thermistor 3. After the thermistor 3 is triggered, the control circuit corresponding to the triggered thermistor 3 is used to control the on-off valve 112 to open through the control unit 5. For example, when the battery pack 2 is in thermal runaway, the temperature in the second box 21 of the battery pack 2 in thermal runaway continues to rise. After reaching the ignition point of the thermistor 3, the thermistor 3 is ignited, that is, triggered. As a result, the control circuit changes, and the control circuit sends an electrical signal to the control unit 5, and the control unit 5 controls the on-off valve 112 at the medium ejection port 111 to open.

[0057] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another energy storage device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 The case where the triggering mode of the fire fighting module 1 is pressure triggering is introduced. Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 includes a sealed pipe 6, the first box 11 has an air inlet 113, the second box 21 is equipped with an explosion-proof valve 213 or the second box 21 has a discharge port, one end of the sealed pipe is connected to the air inlet 113 of the first box 11, and the other end of the sealed pipe is connected to the corresponding explosion-proof valve 213 or the discharge port of the second box 21. When at least one battery pack 2 has a thermal runaway, the air inlet 113 is connected to the interior of the thermal runaway battery pack through the sealed pipe 6 and the explosion-proof valve or the discharge port of the thermal runaway battery pack, and the on-off control unit is opened. In other words, the smoke generated when the battery pack 2 has a thermal runaway can enter the interior of the first box 11 through the air inlet 113 of the first box 11, squeeze the fire-fighting agent inside the first box 11, so that the on-off control unit is opened under the action of pressure.

[0058] In a specific implementation, the energy storage device 100 includes a sealing cover, which is fixed and sealed to each box body and defines the above-mentioned sealing pipeline 6 together with each box body.

[0059] Exemplarily, the first box body includes a top wall, a bottom wall and a plurality of side walls, the top wall and the bottom wall are arranged oppositely, and the plurality of side walls are connected between the top wall and the bottom wall. The air inlet 113 of the first box body 11 and the medium ejection port 111 are located on two opposite side walls of the first box body 11, and a second one-way valve (not shown in the figure) is installed at the air inlet 113 of the first box body 11. The second one-way valve only allows the fluid to enter the interior of the first box body 11 through the second one-way valve, which can prevent the firefighting medium from being ejected from the air inlet 113 of the first box body 11. Exemplarily, the air inlet 113 on the first box body 11 and the explosion-proof valve 213 installed on the second box body 21 are located on the same side to simplify the structure of the sealing pipe 6. The medium ejection port 111 on the first box body 11 and the opening 211 of the second box body 21 are located on the same side, so that the layout of the pipeline can be simplified. It is not difficult to understand that in this case, the on-off control part at the medium ejection port 111 can be a membrane layer that can be destroyed when the pressure reaches a preset value, or a pressure control valve that can be opened when the pressure reaches a preset value. The pressure acting on the on-off control part is the pressure under the action of the fire fighting medium, which can be gas pressure or hydraulic pressure (such as water pressure).

[0060] Furthermore, the first box body 11 may be installed with an explosion-proof valve 213 to prevent the first box body 11 from exploding due to excessive internal pressure.

[0061] Fig. 9 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of another energy storage device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 The case where the fire protection module 1 is triggered by an electrical signal is described below. Fig. 9 As shown, the energy storage device 100 includes a control unit 5, and the on-off control unit includes an on-off valve 112. The on-off valve 112 is electrically connected to the control unit 5, and when a battery pack in at least one battery pack is in thermal runaway, the control unit 5 controls the on-off valve 112 to open.

[0062] In a specific implementation, each battery pack 2 includes a detection component (not shown in the figure), the on-off valve 112 and each detection component are electrically connected to the control unit 5, and when a battery pack 2 in at least one battery pack 2 is in thermal runaway, the detection component corresponding to the battery pack 2 in thermal runaway is used to control the on-off valve 112 to open through the control unit 5. Exemplarily, the detection component includes at least one of a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, and when a battery pack 2 is in thermal runaway, the detection component in the battery pack 2 in thermal runaway sends a signal to the control unit 5, and the control unit 5 controls the on-off valve 112 at the medium ejection port 111 to open.

[0063] In some embodiments, the control unit 5 is also stacked with the fire protection module 1 and each battery pack 2 along the first direction A. Specifically, each battery pack 2 is arranged in sequence along the first direction A. For ease of understanding, the whole formed by each battery pack 2 is a battery pack 2 unit. The control unit 5 is located on one side of the battery pack unit. The fire protection module 1 can be located between the control unit 5 and the battery pack unit, or on the side opposite to the control unit 5 and the battery pack unit, or on the side opposite to the battery pack unit and the control unit 5. It is worth noting that when the fire protection module 1 is located on the side opposite to the control unit 5 and the battery pack unit, or on the side opposite to the battery pack unit and the control unit 5, it has no effect on the electrical connection between the battery pack 2 and the control unit 5, which is conducive to simplifying the structural setting of the energy storage device 100.

[0064] Exemplarily, the control unit 5 includes a third box body 51 and a control circuit disposed inside the third box body 51. The specific connection method between the control unit 5, the fire protection module 1 and each battery pack 2 is briefly described below. For ease of understanding, the first box body 11, the second box body 21 and the third box body 51 are collectively referred to as boxes. Specifically, each box body is formed with a connecting portion or is connected to a connecting ear, and the fixation between adjacent boxes is achieved by fastening the corresponding connecting portion or connecting ear with a fastener. In specific implementation, the fastener includes but is not limited to bolts, pins or rivets. The electrical connection between each battery pack 2 and the control unit 5, and the electrical connection between the fire protection module 1 and the control unit 5 in some embodiments are achieved by wiring harnesses or terminal plug-in. It is not difficult to understand that the electrical connection between each battery pack 2 and the control unit 5 can be an electrical connection between the battery pack 2 and the control unit 5, or a battery pack 2 can be electrically connected to the control unit 5 through another or several other battery packs 2. When the fire protection module 1 is located between the control unit 5 and the battery pack unit, exemplarily, such as Figure 10-13 As shown, the fire module 1 has a hollow portion 101 for avoiding the electrical connection structure, and a pair of plug-in terminals are arranged in the hollow portion 101 along the first direction A, wherein one terminal is electrically connected to the control unit 5, and the other terminal is electrically connected to the battery pack 2 adjacent to the fire module 1, and the two terminals are electrically connected through a cable, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the battery pack 2 and the control unit 5. In addition, the two terminals are electrically connected through a cable without changing the pin sequence, so that the connection can be completed in a stacked form when adding the fire module 1.

[0065] Please continue to refer to Fig. 9In some embodiments, the first box body 11 has a fire protection interface 115, which is used to communicate with the interior of the first box body 11 and to introduce external fire protection medium. Therefore, the fire protection medium can be supplemented into the first box body 11 through the fire protection interface 115, which can avoid the situation of insufficient fire protection medium. In addition, the introduction of external fire protection medium can also make the pressure of the fire protection medium in the first box body 11 higher, which is more conducive to the rapid flow of the fire protection medium to the second box body 21 of the battery pack 2 where thermal runaway occurs. Exemplarily, the fire protection interface 115 is a marked fire protection interface, so that in an emergency, a fire truck or a fire hydrant can be connected through a standard interface, so as to quickly transport the fire protection water to the fire site and quickly immerse the battery. It is not difficult to understand that when each battery pack 2 is working normally, the fire protection interface 115 is in a closed state.

[0066] The minimum module unit of household energy storage lithium battery is usually 5kwh, 7kwh or 10kwh. Different numbers of battery packs can be configured according to the user's own needs from three aspects: photovoltaic system capacity, battery investment and electricity price savings. Fig. 9 As shown, when the control unit 5, the fire protection module 1 and each battery pack 2 are stacked in the vertical direction, the energy storage device 100 can also include a base 7, which is located at the bottom of the energy storage device 100 to support the control unit 5, the fire protection module 1 and each battery pack 2.

[0067] Fig.14 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of an energy storage system. Fig.14 As shown, the energy storage system includes the above-mentioned energy storage device 100 and the power converter 200. The power converter 200 is used to convert the electric energy output by the external power supply 300 and output it to the energy storage device 100, so that the energy storage device 100 can supply power to the electrical equipment 400. In this scheme, when the battery pack 2 has thermal runaway, the firefighting medium in the firefighting module 1 can enter the inner cavity of the second box 21 through the medium ejection port 111, the pipeline and the opening 211 of the battery pack 2 that has thermal runaway, and the rapid immersion of the firefighting medium (usually liquid-gas immersion) is used to achieve direct and efficient fire extinguishing for the internal fire point of the battery pack 2. At the same time, it can solve the problem of re-ignition, control the risk of spread, and also play the role of suppressing the early thermal runaway of the battery. In addition, the storage capacity of the firefighting medium is not limited by the internal space of the second box 21, but can be adapted to store a suitable amount of firefighting medium according to the battery runaway effect and hazard level.

[0068] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: include: A fire fighting module and at least one battery pack, wherein the fire fighting module comprises a first box body, the first box body is used to store a fire fighting medium, and an outer wall of the first box body is provided with a medium ejection port; Each of the battery packs includes a second box and a plurality of batteries. The second box is used to accommodate the plurality of batteries. An opening is provided on an outer wall of the second box. Each opening of the second box is used to communicate with a medium ejection port of the fire-fighting module through a pipeline.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium ejection port is provided with an on-off control unit, and when each of the battery packs is operating normally, the on-off control unit closes the medium ejection port; When a battery pack in the at least one battery pack has thermal runaway, the on-off control unit is turned on, and the interior of the first box, the medium ejection port, the opening of the battery pack with thermal runaway, and the interior of the second box of the battery pack with thermal runaway are connected.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first one-way valve is installed at the opening. When a battery pack in the at least one battery pack has thermal runaway, the on-off control unit of the fire protection module is in an open state, the first one-way valve is in an open state, and the interior of the first box, the medium ejection port and the interior of the second box of the battery pack in thermal runaway are connected.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire protection module and each of the battery packs are stacked along a first direction, and each two adjacent boxes are fixedly connected; wherein the box includes any one of the first box and the second box.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It includes a thermal trigger component, and the thermal trigger component is used to trigger the on-off control part to turn on.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The on-off control part includes a hot-melt part, and the hot-melt part seals the medium ejection port; Each of the second boxes is equipped with an explosion-proof valve, the thermal trigger assembly includes a thermosensitive wire, and the distance between the thermosensitive wire and the explosion-proof valve of each of the battery packs is within a distance threshold; One end of the thermosensitive wire is connected to the hot-melt portion. After the thermosensitive wire is triggered, the hot-melt portion is used to melt under the action of the thermosensitive wire.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 30 centimeters.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It includes an isolation cover, which is fixed and sealed to each of the boxes and together with each of the boxes forms a containing space, wherein the thermistor wire and each of the explosion-proof valves are located in the containing space; The accommodating space has an exhaust port, and the accommodating space is communicated with the external environment through the exhaust port.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The at least one battery pack and the fire protection module are stacked, the exhaust port is located on the bottom wall of the isolation cover, and there is a distance between the bottom end of the thermal line and the exhaust port.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The minimum flow area of ​​the accommodating space is greater than or equal to the sum of the flow areas of the explosion-proof valves.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat trigger component includes at least one thermosensitive wire, each battery pack corresponds to at least one thermosensitive wire, and at least part of the thermosensitive wire is located in the second box corresponding to the thermosensitive wire; The energy storage device includes a control unit, the on-off control unit includes an on-off valve, and the on-off valve is electrically connected to the control unit; After the thermistor line is triggered, the control unit is used to control the on-off valve to open.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy storage device comprises a sealed pipe, the first box body has an air inlet, and the second box body is installed with an explosion-proof valve or has a discharge port; one end of the sealed pipe is connected to the air inlet, and the other end of the sealed pipe is connected to the corresponding explosion-proof valve or the discharge port; When a battery pack in the at least one battery pack is in thermal runaway, the air inlet is connected to the interior of the battery pack in thermal runaway through the sealing pipe and the explosion-proof valve or the discharge port of the battery pack in thermal runaway, and the on-off control unit is turned on.

13. The energy storage device according to claim 12, characterized in that: A second one-way valve is installed at the air inlet.

14. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage device includes a control unit, the on-off control unit includes an on-off valve, the on-off valve is electrically connected to the control unit, and when a battery pack in the at least one battery pack is in thermal runaway, the control unit controls the on-off valve to open.

15. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 6 to 10, 12 and 13, characterized in that: The second box body includes a top wall, a bottom wall and a plurality of side walls, the top wall and the bottom wall are arranged opposite to each other, and the plurality of side walls are connected between the top wall and the bottom wall; the opening and the explosion-proof valve are located on two opposite side walls of the second box body.

16. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The first box body has a fire protection interface, which is connected to the interior of the first box body and is used for introducing external fire protection media.

17. An energy storage system, characterized in that: The energy storage system comprises an energy storage device and a power converter as described in any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the power converter is used to convert the electric energy output by an external power source and output it to the energy storage device.

Images