Coal rock characteristic near-bit while-drilling fine measuring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a near-bit while-drilling fine measuring device for coal rock characteristics, which comprises a near-bit information measuring device, a track measuring probe, a drilling television imager, an ultrasonic crack detector and a wired central cable-passing drill rod, the near-bit information measuring device, the track measuring probe, the borehole television imager, the ultrasonic crack detector and the wired central cable-passing drill rod are in threaded connection in sequence. According to the utility model, the spatial distribution range of the fracture is further known through the wave velocity diagram. Measurement and presentation results of the device and the method are more scientific and credible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine drilling measurement, in particular to a coal and rock feature near-drill bit drilling fine measurement device. Background Art

[0002] In the process of ultra-deep coal mining, the refined reconstruction of the three-dimensional transparent geology of mining work is the geological guarantee basis for realizing the intelligent early warning of hidden geological disasters in coal mines. Therefore, how to quickly determine the spatial distribution of coal and rock characteristics of the underground mining face without interfering with the construction process is of great engineering significance to coal mining and drilling construction.

[0003] Traditional coal and rock geological condition exploration mainly relies on drillers to identify the properties of the drilled rock formation through characteristics such as drilling speed, slag return, and coring. It has a low degree of automation, high labor intensity, and the recognition accuracy is heavily dependent on experience. There are insufficient analysis and utilization, and it is difficult to quantitatively perceive the hidden geological disaster sources of the underground working face of the coal mine in advance, so that it has little effect on the construction. In order to solve this technical problem, it is often necessary to increase the number of boreholes to obtain more regional geological conditions, resulting in increased construction costs. At the same time, in engineering practice, auxiliary borehole peeps, lithology detection instruments, and geophysical means are used to obtain coal and rock fracture information. However, due to the limitations of the construction technology level, not only is the coal and rock feature detection depth limited and the accuracy is poor, but the amount of coal and rock feature parameters obtained is small. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to develop a device and method that can deploy relevant coal and rock feature sensing sensors near the drill bit without interfering with the drilling construction process and without taking cores, so as to realize the fine determination of coal and rock features near the drill bit while drilling, so as to perceive the hidden disasters of the underground working face of the coal mine in real time and reduce the occurrence of complex accidents underground. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a device for finely measuring coal and rock characteristics near the drill bit while drilling. During the drilling process, the device can obtain near-drill bit response parameters, drill rod trajectory, hole wall image, coal and rock wave velocity in the hole and other information in real time while drilling. Through data analysis, characteristic parameters such as the compressive strength of coal and rock, the distribution position of cracks, and the integrity of rock mass that change along the drilling trajectory are quantitatively obtained, thereby reconstructing a three-dimensional geological model of the underground working face and improving coal mining efficiency. Early warning of geological disasters.

[0005] The utility model provides a coal rock characteristic near-drill bit while-drilling fine measurement device, which comprises a near-drill bit information measurement device, a trajectory measurement probe, a borehole television imager, an ultrasonic crack detector and a wired center-cable drill rod, wherein the near-drill bit information measurement device, the trajectory measurement probe, the borehole television imager, the ultrasonic crack detector and the wired center-cable drill rod are threadedly connected in sequence.

[0006] Furthermore, a cylinder shell is arranged outside the near-drill bit information measuring device, and the near-drill bit information measuring device includes a pressure sensor, a speed sensor, a data storage module, a battery and a limit ring arranged in the cylinder shell. The pressure sensor, the speed sensor and the data storage module are installed in a cylinder and are evenly arranged around. The battery is installed at the center of the rear end of the cylinder, and the limit rings are installed at both ends of the inside of the cylinder shell to fix the cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the trajectory measurement probe comprises a measuring short section, a limiting ring and a cylinder shell, and the limiting ring is mounted on the measuring short section and fixed inside the cylinder shell.

[0008] Furthermore, the measuring sub is powered by a battery to ensure its normal operation, and the measuring sub and the near-drill-bit information measuring device share a battery.

[0009] Furthermore, the borehole television imager comprises a camera, an LED lamp, a glass cover and a battery, wherein the camera and the LED lamp are located in the glass cover, and the glass cover is recessed inwards.

[0010] Furthermore, the ultrasonic crack detector includes a transmitting probe and a receiving probe.

[0011] Furthermore, the wired center cable drill pipe includes a stabilizer, an insulating device, and a conductor. The stabilizer is installed on the upper and lower sides of the insulating device. The conductor is connected to the hole mouth Bluetooth receiver in sequence from the bottom of the hole. A water passage is reserved between the insulating device and the outer casing of the wired center cable drill pipe.

[0012] The method for measuring coal and rock characteristics using the above-mentioned while-drilling device for measuring coal and rock characteristics is to first obtain the drilling trajectory and coal and rock mechanical parameters respectively through the trajectory measurement probe and the near-drill bit information measurement device during the drilling process, and then obtain the three-dimensional digital rock core of the borehole through the borehole television imager after the drilling is completed, and finally obtain the rock mass wave velocity value and wave velocity map through the ultrasonic crack detector, and further understand the spatial distribution range of the cracks through the wave velocity map. The above measurement data and information are transmitted to the computer terminal through the wired center cable drill rod.

[0013] The specific steps include:

[0014] S1: Thread the near-drill-bit information measuring device, trajectory measuring probe, borehole television imager, ultrasonic crack detector and wired center cable drill pipe in sequence, connect the trajectory measuring probe to one end of the near-drill-bit information measuring device, assemble the drill bit and start the device to start drilling, and inject water into the hole to remove dust while drilling. The computer obtains the drilling trajectory and drilling pressure, drilling speed and other drilling rig mechanical information measured by the trajectory measuring probe, pressure sensor and speed sensor through the wired center cable drill pipe in real time; the trajectory measuring probe synchronously measures the spatial coordinates of the borehole axis every 3 seconds, including hole depth, top angle and azimuth, and transmits the obtained data to the computer in real time. The computer trajectory measurement software system generates a three-dimensional borehole axis line, i.e., the borehole trajectory, according to the coordinates of each point.

[0015] S2: After drilling to the specified depth and starting to withdraw the rod, the borehole TV imager and the ultrasonic crack detector start working; during the withdrawal process, the borehole TV imager obtains the three-dimensional digital rock core of the borehole, and the ultrasonic crack detector moves 25 cm each time and obtains the wave velocity value of the rock mass in this section through the computer ultrasonic detection control software system. Each measurement is repeated three times, and finally a wave velocity diagram of the rock mass wave velocity changing with the borehole depth within the entire borehole range is formed. The above measurement data are all transmitted to the computer through the wired center cable drill rod;

[0016] S3: The pressure sensor measures the pressure of the drill bit when drilling, and the speed sensor measures the speed of the drill bit when drilling. The drill bit pressure and speed are measured synchronously every 3 seconds. The measured data are stored in the data storage module, and the measured data are transmitted to the computer in real time through the central cable. All electrical appliances in the device are powered by batteries to ensure their normal operation. The internal device is fixed inside the shell by a limit ring.

[0017] S4: The trajectory measurement probe is composed of a measuring short section, a limit ring and a cylinder shell. The limit ring is installed on the measuring short section to fix the measuring short section inside the cylinder shell. The measuring short section is powered by a battery to ensure its normal operation. The measuring short section and the near-drill bit information measuring device share a battery.

[0018] S5: The LED light illuminates the borehole wall, the camera captures the borehole wall image, and the image information is transmitted to the computer through the central cable. After being processed by the image analysis software system, two image forms are formed. One is three-dimensional imaging, that is, digital core image, that is, digital synthesis of the borehole wall image to make it similar to a complete core. The core can be rotated freely to observe the core stratum lithology, faults and cracks from any angle. The other is two-dimensional imaging, that is, the borehole wall expansion map. All electrical appliances in the imager are powered by batteries to ensure their normal operation.

[0019] S6: The transmitting probe transmits ultrasonic waves, and the timer starts timing. After the receiving probe receives the ultrasonic waves, the timer stops timing. The computer ultrasonic detection control software system calculates the rock mass wave velocity value and generates a wave velocity diagram based on the known distance and propagation time. Each measurement is repeated three times. The wave velocity value and wave velocity diagram can reflect the degree of fracture fragmentation. All electrical appliances in the detector are powered by batteries to ensure their normal operation. The ultrasonic crack detector and the borehole TV imager share a battery.

[0020] S7: The wires are connected from the bottom of the hole to the Bluetooth receiver at the hole mouth in sequence, which is the signal channel for transmitting the measured data. The Bluetooth receiver transmits the measured data to the computer wirelessly. The stabilizer is installed on the upper and lower sides of the insulating device to prevent the insulating device and the wire from being disturbed during the drilling process. A water passage is reserved between the insulating device and the drill pipe casing to meet the requirements of water injection and drainage. The wired center cable drill pipe ensures that the measured data and information are transmitted to the computer in real time, efficiently, safely and stably.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the utility model: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the utility model are: 1. It can obtain the mechanical parameters of coal and rock near the drill bit, the trajectory of the drill rod, the image of the hole wall, and the characteristic information of the local crack distribution of the borehole. The utility model obtains relevant data and images during the drilling process and after the drilling is completed through the drilling device. The operation is simple, all instruments share one operating end, the recorded data is reliable and accurate, the positioning of the crack position and the understanding of the crack information are clearer and more accurate, the results are more intuitive and reliable, and the disadvantages of the traditional method of determining the characteristic information of coal and rock, such as high cost and long time. 2. The utility model can obtain the characteristic information of coal and rock, and has a wide range of applications. 3. The utility model is more intelligent and digital in the determination and presentation of the mechanical parameters near the drill bit, the trajectory of the drill rod, the image of the hole wall, and the local crack distribution of the borehole, avoiding the influence of human subjective factors, so the determination and presentation results are more scientific and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model of a device for finely measuring coal and rock characteristics near the drill bit while drilling;

[0023] FIG2( a ) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the near-drill-bit information measuring device of the present invention;

[0024] FIG2( b ) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the track measurement probe of the utility model;

[0025] FIG3( a ) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the borehole television imager of the utility model;

[0026] FIG3( b ) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic crack detector of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the wired center cable drilling of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 It is the interpretation diagram of the drilling-while-drilling hole measurement curve near the drill bit of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a rock mass information interpretation diagram for drilling-while-drilling near the drill bit of the utility model.

[0030] Among them, 1-near-bit information measuring device, 11-pressure sensor, 12-speed sensor, 13-data storage module, 14-first battery, 15-first limit ring, 16-first shell; 2-trajectory measurement probe, 21-measuring short section, 22-second limit ring, 23-second shell; 3-drilling TV imager, 31-camera, 32-LED lamp, 33-glass cover, 34-second battery; 4-ultrasonic crack detector, 41-transmitting probe, 42-receiving probe; 5-wired center cable drill rod, 51-stabilizer, 52-insulating shell, 53-conducting wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The structure and features of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that various modifications can be made to the embodiments disclosed herein, and therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the specification should not be regarded as limitations on the utility model, but are merely examples of embodiments, the purpose of which is to make the features of the utility model obvious.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model of the invention comprises a near-drill-bit information measuring device 1; a trajectory measuring probe 2; a drilling television imager 3; an ultrasonic detector 4; and a wired center-cable drill rod 5.

[0033] The near-drill-bit information measuring device includes a pressure sensor 11, a rotation speed sensor 12, a data storage module 13, a battery, a first limit ring 15 and a first barrel shell 16. The pressure sensor 11 measures the pressure on the drill bit when drilling, and the rotation speed sensor 12 measures the rotation speed of the drill bit when drilling. The drill bit pressure and rotation speed are synchronously measured every 3 seconds, and the measured data are stored in the data storage module 13, and the measured data are transmitted to the computer in real time through the central communication cable. The first battery 14 is used to power all electrical appliances in the device to ensure its normal operation. The device is fixed in the first barrel shell 16 by the first limit ring 15.

[0034] The trajectory measurement probe 2 includes a measuring sub 21, a second stop ring 22 and a second cylinder shell 23, and the measuring sub 21 is fixed inside the second cylinder shell 23 through the second stop ring 22. The spatial coordinates of the borehole axis, including the hole depth, vertex angle and azimuth, are synchronously measured every 3 seconds, and the obtained data are transmitted to the computer in real time. The computer trajectory measurement software system generates a three-dimensional borehole axis line, i.e., the drilling trajectory, according to the coordinates of each point. The measuring sub is powered by the first battery 14 to ensure its normal operation. The measuring sub 21 and the near-drill-bit information measuring device 1 share a battery.

[0035] The borehole television imager includes a camera 31, an LED lamp 32, a glass cover 33 and a second battery 34. The camera 31 and the LED lamp 32 are located in the glass cover 33, and the glass cover 33 is recessed inward to avoid contact with coal and rock during drilling to cause wear. The LED lamp 32 illuminates the borehole wall, and the camera 31 captures the borehole wall image. The image information is transmitted to the computer through the central cable, and two image forms are formed after being processed by the image analysis software system. One is three-dimensional imaging, that is, digital core image, that is, digital synthesis of the borehole wall image to make it similar to a complete core. The core can be rotated freely to observe the core stratum lithology, faults and cracks from any angle. The other is two-dimensional imaging, that is, the borehole wall expansion map. The second battery 34 is used to power all electrical appliances in the imager to ensure its normal operation.

[0036] The ultrasonic crack detector 4 includes a transmitting probe 41 and a receiving probe 42. The distance between the transmitting probe 41 and the receiving probe 42 is 25 cm. The transmitting probe 41 transmits ultrasonic waves, and the timer starts timing. After the receiving probe 42 receives the ultrasonic waves, the timer stops timing. The computer ultrasonic detection control software system calculates the rock mass wave velocity value and generates a wave velocity diagram based on the known distance and propagation time. Each measurement is repeated three times. The wave velocity value and the wave velocity diagram can reflect the fracture fragmentation degree value. The second battery 34 is used to power all electrical appliances in the detector to ensure its normal operation. The ultrasonic crack detector 4 and the borehole television imager 3 share a battery.

[0037] The wired center cable drill rod 5 includes a stabilizer 51, an insulating device 52, and a conductor 53. The conductor 53 is sequentially connected from the bottom of the hole to the Bluetooth receiver at the hole mouth, and is a signal channel for transmitting measurement data. The Bluetooth receiver transmits the measured data to the computer wirelessly. The stabilizer 51 is installed on the upper and lower sides of the insulating device 52 to prevent the insulating device 52 and the conductor 53 from being disturbed during the drilling process. A water passage is reserved between the insulating device 52 and the drill rod housing to meet the requirements of water injection and drainage. The wired center cable drill rod 5 ensures that the measurement data and information are transmitted to the computer in real time, efficiently, safely and stably.

[0038] The utility model also provides a method for measuring coal and rock characteristics while drilling, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: The near-drill-bit information measuring device 1, the trajectory measuring probe 2, the borehole television imager 3, the ultrasonic crack detector 4 and the wired center cable drill rod 5 are threadedly connected in sequence, the drill bit is assembled and the device is started to start drilling, and water is injected into the hole for dust removal during drilling. The computer obtains the drilling trajectory and drilling rig mechanical information measured by the trajectory measuring probe 2, the pressure sensor 11 and the speed sensor 12 in real time through the wired center cable drill rod 5; the trajectory measuring probe 2 synchronously measures the spatial coordinates of the borehole axis every 3 seconds, including the hole depth, the top angle and the azimuth, and transmits the obtained data to the computer in real time. The computer trajectory measuring software system generates a three-dimensional borehole axis line, i.e., the borehole trajectory, according to the coordinates of each point;

[0040] S2: After drilling to the specified depth and starting to withdraw the rod, the borehole TV imager 3 and the ultrasonic crack detector 4 start working; during the withdrawal process, the borehole TV imager 3 obtains the three-dimensional digital rock core of the borehole, and the ultrasonic crack detector 4 moves 25 cm each time and obtains the wave velocity value of the rock mass in this section through the computer ultrasonic detection control software system. Each measurement is repeated three times, and finally a wave velocity diagram of the rock mass wave velocity changing with the borehole depth within the entire borehole range is formed. The above measurement data are all transmitted to the computer through the wired center cable drill rod 5;

[0041] S3: The pressure on the drill bit during drilling is measured by the pressure sensor 11, and the speed of the drill bit during drilling is measured by the speed sensor 12. The drill bit pressure and speed are synchronously measured every 3 seconds, and the measured data are stored in the data storage module 13. The measured data are transmitted to the computer in real time through the central cable, and all electrical appliances in the device are powered by the first storage battery 14 to ensure their normal operation. The first limiting ring 15 is fixed inside the first cylinder shell 16 to stabilize the device;

[0042] S4: Install the measuring subsection 21 in the second cylindrical shell 23, evenly install the second limiting ring 22 on the measuring subsection 21, fix the measuring subsection 21 inside the drill pipe, and power the measuring subsection 21 through the battery 14 to ensure its normal operation. The measuring subsection 21 and the near-drill-bit information measuring device 1 share a battery;

[0043] S5: The LED light 32 illuminates the borehole wall, and the camera 31 captures the borehole wall image. The image information is transmitted to the computer through the central cable, and is processed by the image analysis software system to form two image forms. One is three-dimensional imaging, that is, digital core image, that is, digital synthesis of the borehole wall image to make it similar to a complete core. The core can be rotated freely to observe the core stratum lithology, faults and cracks from any angle. The other is two-dimensional imaging, that is, the borehole wall expansion map. The second battery 34 is used to power all electrical appliances in the imager to ensure its normal operation.

[0044] S6: The transmitting probe 41 transmits ultrasonic waves, and the timer starts timing. After the receiving probe 42 receives the ultrasonic waves, the timer stops timing. The computer ultrasonic detection control software system calculates the rock mass wave velocity value and generates a wave velocity diagram according to the known distance and propagation time. Each measurement is repeated three times. The wave velocity value and the wave velocity diagram can reflect the degree of fracture fragmentation. The second battery 34 is used to power all electrical appliances in the detector to ensure its normal operation. The ultrasonic crack detector 4 and the borehole television imager 3 share a battery.

[0045] S7: The wire 53 is connected to the Bluetooth receiver at the hole mouth in sequence from the bottom of the hole, which is the signal channel for transmitting the measured data. The Bluetooth receiver transmits the measured data to the computer wirelessly. The stabilizer 51 is installed on the upper and lower sides of the insulating device 52 to prevent the insulating device 52 and the wire 53 from being disturbed during the drilling process. A water passage is reserved between the insulating device 52 and the drill pipe housing to meet the requirements of water injection and drainage. The wired center cable drill pipe 5 ensures that the measured data and information are transmitted to the computer in real time, efficiently, safely and stably.

[0046] The utility model can obtain near-drill bit mechanical parameters, drill rod trajectory, hole wall image, and local borehole crack distribution characteristic information through a drilling device. The operation is simple and convenient, and overcomes the disadvantages of traditional methods of determining coal and rock characteristic information, such as high cost, long time, and inaccuracy, and solves practical engineering problems.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A device for finely measuring coal and rock characteristics near the drill bit while drilling, characterized in that: The invention comprises a near-drill-bit information measuring device (1), a trajectory measuring probe (2), a borehole television imager (3), an ultrasonic crack detector (4) and a wired center-cable drill rod (5), wherein the near-drill-bit information measuring device (1), the trajectory measuring probe (2), the borehole television imager (3), the ultrasonic crack detector (4) and the wired center-cable drill rod (5) are sequentially connected by threads.

2. The device for finely measuring coal and rock characteristics near the drill bit while drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The near-drill-bit information measuring device (1) is provided with a first cylindrical shell (16) on the outside. The near-drill-bit information measuring device (1) comprises a pressure sensor (11), a rotation speed sensor (12), a data storage module (13), a first storage battery (14) and a first limiting ring (15) arranged in the cylindrical shell. The pressure sensor (11), the rotation speed sensor (12) and the data storage module (13) are installed in a cylindrical body and are evenly arranged around the periphery. The first storage battery (14) is installed at the center of the rear end of the cylindrical body. The first limiting ring (15) is installed at both ends inside the first cylindrical shell (16) to fix the cylindrical body.

3. The device for finely measuring coal and rock characteristics near the drill bit while drilling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The trajectory measurement probe (2) comprises a measuring short section (21), a second limiting ring (22) and a second cylindrical shell (23); the measuring short section (21) is fixed inside the second cylindrical shell (23) via the second limiting ring (22).

4. The device for finely measuring coal and rock characteristics near the drill bit while drilling according to claim 3 is characterized in that The measuring short section (21) is powered by the first battery (14) to ensure its normal operation, and the measuring short section (21) and the near-drill bit information measuring device (1) share a battery.

5. The device for finely measuring coal and rock characteristics near the drill bit while drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The borehole television imager (3) comprises a camera (31), an LED lamp (32), a glass cover (33) and a second storage battery (34); the camera (31) and the LED lamp (32) are located inside the glass cover (33), and the glass cover (33) is recessed inwards.

6. The device for finely measuring coal and rock characteristics near the drill bit while drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ultrasonic crack detector (4) comprises a transmitting probe (41) and a receiving probe (42), and the ultrasonic crack detector (4) and the borehole television imager (3) share a second storage battery (34).

7. The device for finely measuring coal and rock characteristics near the drill bit while drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wired center cable drill rod (5) comprises a stabilizer (51), an insulating device (52), and a conductor (53). The stabilizer (51) is installed on the upper and lower sides of the insulating device (52). The conductor (53) is connected to the hole mouth Bluetooth receiver in sequence from the bottom of the hole. A water passage is reserved between the insulating device (52) and the outer shell of the wired center cable drill rod (5).

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