Test block fixing device for rock mass structural surface direct shear test

Abstract

The utility model relates to a test block fixing device for a rock mass structural surface direct shear test, and relates to the field of rock engineering, the test block fixing device comprises a supporting assembly, a fixing assembly, a sliding assembly and an adjusting assembly, the supporting assembly comprises a supporting frame, the fixing assembly comprises a vertical plate, the vertical plate is fixed to the supporting frame, the sliding assembly comprises a sliding plate, and the sliding plate is fixed to the supporting frame. The sliding plate is located on one side of the vertical plate, the sliding plate and the vertical plate are arranged in parallel, the top of the sliding plate is flush with the top of the vertical plate, the sliding plate can slide towards the side close to or away from the vertical plate, and a clamping gap for placing a test block is formed between the sliding plate and the vertical plate; the sliding plate and the vertical plate clamp a test block, a shearing seam of the test block is higher than the top of the sliding plate, the adjusting assembly is connected with the supporting frame, and the adjusting assembly is connected with the sliding plate to drive the sliding plate to move.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of rock engineering, and in particular to a test block fixing device for a direct shear test on a rock structure surface. Background Art

[0002] There are a large number of structural surfaces in the bedding rock slope. The shear strength of the structural surfaces is much smaller than the strength of the rock mass, which makes the bedding rock slope very easy to slide and fail along the structural surfaces. Therefore, the determination of the shear strength parameters of the structural surfaces is a key factor in slope stability control. At present, the determination of the shear strength of the structural surfaces at home and abroad is mainly obtained through empirical estimation, on-site in-situ tests and indoor direct shear tests.

[0003] In the related technology, an application document with publication number CN211955050U discloses a direct shear test device, including a device test bench, a shear box is arranged on the device test bench, a central test hole is arranged in the shear box, a test sleeve is sleeved in the central test hole, and a shear box cover is also arranged on the shear box; a reaction frame is arranged on the outside of the shear box, a hydraulic jack is arranged on the reaction frame, a test shear device is arranged on one side of the shear box on the device test bench, which is used to apply horizontal shear force to the sample in the shear box step by step, and a shear stress sensing device is also arranged on the other side of the shear box on the device test bench, which can shear the sample.

[0004] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the sample is loaded into a shear box, and the upper cover of the shear box is pressed against the shear sample in the shear box. Subsequently, a test shearing device is used to shear the sample in the shear box. However, during the shearing process, the shear box cannot be fixed. When the test shearing device is shearing, the shear box moves, causing the sample to move with the shear box, making it inconvenient to shear the sample. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to improve the problem of inconvenience in shearing a specimen, the present application provides a test block fixing device for a direct shear test on a rock structure surface.

[0006] The present application provides a test block fixing device for direct shear test of rock structure surface, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A test block fixing device for direct shear test of rock structure surface comprises a supporting assembly, a fixing assembly, a sliding assembly and an adjusting assembly, wherein the supporting assembly comprises a supporting frame, the fixing assembly comprises a vertical plate, the vertical plate is fixed to the supporting frame, the sliding assembly comprises a sliding plate, the sliding plate is located on one side of the vertical plate, the sliding plate is arranged parallel to the vertical plate, the top of the sliding plate is flush with the top of the vertical plate, the sliding plate is slidably connected to the supporting frame, the sliding plate can slide toward or away from the side of the vertical plate, a clamping gap for placing the test block is formed between the sliding plate and the vertical plate, the sliding plate and the vertical plate clamp the test block, the shear seam of the test block is higher than the top of the sliding plate, the adjusting assembly is connected to the supporting frame, and the adjusting assembly is connected to the sliding plate to drive the sliding plate to move.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, when it is necessary to perform a direct shear test on the test block, first, a person fixes the test block, and then starts the adjusting component, which drives the sliding plate to move, and the sliding plate moves toward the side away from the vertical plate. At this time, the clamping gap between the sliding plate and the vertical plate becomes larger, and then the test block that needs to be subjected to the direct shear test is taken out, and the test block is placed between the sliding plate and the vertical plate, and the shear seam of the test block for shearing is higher than the top of the sliding plate. Subsequently, the adjusting component is started again, and the adjusting component drives the sliding plate to move, and the sliding plate moves toward the side close to the vertical plate. At this time, the clamping gap between the sliding plate and the vertical plate becomes smaller until the sliding plate and the vertical plate clamp the test block, and then the direct shear test is performed on the test block. Compared with the related art, the present application drives the sliding plate to move by the adjusting component, so that it is convenient to place the test block between the sliding plate and the vertical plate, and the sliding plate and the vertical plate can clamp the test block. When the test block is subjected to the direct shear test, the test block will not move, which is conducive to improving the problem of inconvenience in shearing the test block.

[0009] Optionally, the sliding assembly further comprises a plurality of pads, wherein the plurality of pads are horizontally located in the clamping gap, the pads are close to the vertical plates, and the test blocks are placed on the pads.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, when it is necessary to place the test block, the adjusting component is started, and the adjusting component drives the sliding plate to move toward the side away from the vertical plate. The personnel selects a suitable number of pads according to the thickness of the test block for direct shear test, and places the selected pads between the sliding plate and the vertical plate in sequence. Subsequently, the test block is placed on the pad, and the adjusting component is started again, and the adjusting component drives the sliding plate to move toward the side close to the vertical plate. The test block is fixed by the sliding plate and the vertical plate, and the shear seam of the test block is higher than the top of the sliding plate. Then, the direct shear test is carried out. By setting the pad, it is helpful to adjust the height of the test block so that the shear seam of the test block is higher than the top of the sliding plate, which is convenient for direct shear test of the test block, and further helps to improve the problem of inconvenience in shearing the test block.

[0011] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment plate and two adjustment members, the adjustment plate is fixed to the support frame, the adjustment plate is arranged parallel to the sliding plate, one of the adjustment members corresponds to one end of the sliding plate, the adjustment member includes an adjustment rod, one end of the adjustment rod is connected to the sliding plate, and the other end is passed through the adjustment plate, and the adjustment rod is connected to the adjustment plate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to place the test block, first, separate the adjusting rod from the adjusting plate, then, the personnel pushes the adjusting rod, which drives the sliding plate to move toward the side away from the vertical plate, and when the sliding plate moves to a suitable position, place the test block between the sliding plate and the vertical plate, and the personnel drives the adjusting rod in the opposite direction, which drives the sliding plate to move toward the side close to the vertical plate until the sliding plate and the vertical plate fix the test block, and then connect the adjusting rod to the adjusting plate. By setting the adjusting plate and the adjusting member, it is convenient for personnel to drive the sliding plate to move, thereby facilitating the placement and fixation of the test block.

[0013] Optionally, the adjustment assembly also includes two fasteners, one fastener corresponds to one adjustment rod, the fastener includes two second nuts, the two second nuts are both located at one end of the adjustment rod close to the adjustment plate, the two second nuts are each located on one side of the adjustment plate, the second nuts are threadedly connected to the adjustment rod, an avoidance gap is left between the two second nuts for the adjustment rod to slide, and the two second nuts fix the adjustment plate and the adjustment rod.

[0014] When the second nut is set, the adjusting rod is pushed and the sliding plate is pushed to move, thereby increasing the clamping gap between the sliding plate and the vertical plate, and the test block can be placed. When the test block needs to be fixed, after the test block is placed, the adjusting rod is pulled in the opposite direction, and the adjusting rod drives the sliding plate to move, and the sliding plate moves toward the vertical plate until the sliding plate and the vertical plate fix the test block. After that, the personnel successively screw the two second nuts on the side of the adjusting plate away from the sliding plate, so that the avoidance gap between the two second nuts on the same adjusting rod becomes smaller, so that the second nut fixes the adjusting rod and the adjusting plate. By setting the second nut, the adjusting rod and the adjusting plate can be fixed or separated by screwing the second nut, and the adjusting rod can drive the sliding plate to move, thereby facilitating the fixing or placement of the test block and facilitating the operation of personnel.

[0015] Optionally, the adjustment assembly further includes two pressing pieces, one pressing piece corresponds to one of the adjustment rods, the adjustment rod is slidably connected to the adjustment plate, the pressing piece is located at one end of the adjustment rod close to the adjustment plate, the end of the adjustment rod close to the adjustment plate is hollow, and a penetration hole is provided on the adjustment rod, and when the sliding plate and the vertical plate fix the test block, the penetration hole is located at the connection between the adjustment rod and the adjustment plate;

[0016] The pressing member includes an articulated seat, a rotating shaft, a torsion spring, a rotating rod, an insertion rod and a pressing rod. The articulated seat is fixed in the adjusting rod. The rotating shaft is horizontally rotatably connected to the articulated seat. The axial direction of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axial direction of the adjusting rod. The torsion spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixed to the rotating shaft, and the other end is fixed to the middle of the rotating rod. The insertion rod is hinged to one end of the rotating rod close to the inner end of the adjusting rod, and the other end passes through the penetration hole. The adjusting plate is connected to the adjusting plate between it and the adjusting plate. An avoidance groove for the insertion of the insertion rod is provided at the connection of the rod, and the insertion rod is interference fit with the avoidance groove. In the initial state, the insertion rod passes through the insertion hole, and the rotating rod is arranged obliquely downward from the inside of the adjusting rod to the outside of the adjusting rod. One end of the pressing rod is hinged to the end of the rotating rod away from the insertion rod. The pressing rod is arranged parallel to the insertion rod, and the pressing rod and the insertion rod are located on the same side of the rotating rod. The other end of the pressing rod is penetrated by the adjusting rod, and the pressing rod is slidably connected to the adjusting rod.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, when it is necessary to place the test block, the personnel pulls the two pressing rods in turn, and the pressing rod drives the rotating rod to rotate around the hinge seat. At this time, the torsion spring is deformed, and the insertion rod moves toward the inner cavity of the adjusting rod. The personnel pushes the adjusting rod, and the adjusting rod drives the sliding plate to move, so that the clamping gap between the sliding plate and the vertical plate becomes larger, and the test block can be placed; when it is necessary to fix the test block, after the test block is placed, the personnel pulls the pressing rod, and the pressing rod drives the rotating rod to rotate around the hinge seat, and the insertion rod moves toward the inner cavity of the adjusting rod. The personnel drives the adjusting rod in the opposite direction, and the adjusting rod drives the sliding plate to move, and the sliding plate moves toward the side close to the vertical plate until the sliding plate and the vertical plate fix the test block. In this process, the insertion rod is inserted into the avoidance groove, and the insertion rod and the avoidance groove have an interference fit, which can fix the adjusting rod and the adjusting plate. By setting a pressing piece, it is convenient for personnel to fix or separate the adjusting rod and the adjusting plate, which is convenient for personnel to operate.

[0018] Optionally, the insertion rod is inclined at one end away from the rotating rod, and the inclined surface of the insertion rod is inclined downward from the inside of the adjusting rod to the outside of the adjusting rod.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sliding plate and the vertical plate are needed to fix the test block, the personnel pulls the adjusting rod. At this time, the insertion rod moves toward the adjusting plate, and the adjusting plate contacts the inclined surface of the insertion rod. The adjusting rod is continued to be pulled, and the insertion rod can move toward the side close to the inner cavity of the adjusting rod. By tilting the insertion rod away from the rotating rod, the insertion rod can move toward the inner cavity of the adjusting rod without the need for personnel to pull the pressing rod.

[0020] Optionally, a pull ring is fixed to one end of the pressing rod away from the rotating rod.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the insertion rod needs to be separated from the avoidance groove, the personnel only needs to pull the pull ring, and the pull ring can drive the pressing rod to rotate. At the same time, the insertion rod moves toward the inner cavity of the adjusting rod, and the insertion rod is separated from the avoidance groove. By setting the pull ring, it is convenient for personnel to drive the pressing rod to move.

[0022] Optionally, the fixing assembly further includes a fixing plate, a fixing frame and a plurality of counterweight blocks, wherein the fixing plate is located on the side of the vertical plate away from the sliding plate, the fixing plate is fixed to the supporting frame, the fixing frame is fixed between the vertical plate and the fixing plate, a plurality of counterweight blocks are all located on the fixing frame, and two sides of the counterweight blocks are respectively abutted against the vertical plate and the fixing plate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to place a test block, the counterweight block is placed on the fixed frame according to the size of the test block, so that the two sides of the counterweight block are respectively in contact with the vertical plate and the fixed plate, and then the test block is placed between the sliding plate and the vertical plate. A direct shear test is performed on the test block. The test block will be subjected to horizontal stress. The test block is in contact with the vertical plate. By setting the counterweight block, the horizontal stress on the test block can be resisted, which is beneficial to reduce damage to the vertical plate.

[0024] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. Compared with the related art, the present application drives the sliding plate to move by adjusting the assembly, so that the test block can be placed between the sliding plate and the vertical plate. The sliding plate and the vertical plate can clamp the test block. When the test block is subjected to the direct shear test, the test block will not move, which is conducive to improving the problem of inconvenience in shearing the test block;

[0026] 2. By setting the pad, it is helpful to adjust the height of the test block so that the shear seam of the test block is higher than the top of the sliding plate, which is convenient for direct shear test of the test block and further helps to improve the problem of inconvenience in shearing the test block;

[0027] 3. By setting a pressing piece, it is convenient for personnel to fix or separate the adjusting rod and the adjusting plate, which is convenient for personnel to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding assembly and the adjusting assembly in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in Example 2;

[0031] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the adjustment assembly in Example 2;

[0032] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of middle;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing member in Example 2.

[0034] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Support assembly; 11. Support frame; 111. Support plate; 1111. Baffle; 12. Support member; 2. Fixed assembly; 21. Fixed plate; 22. Vertical plate; 23. Fixed frame; 24. Counterweight; 3. Sliding assembly; 31. Sliding plate; 311. Through hole; 32. Pad; 4. Adjustment assembly; 41. Adjustment plate; 411. Avoidance groove; 42. Adjustment member; 421. Adjustment rod; 4211. Insertion hole; 422. First nut; 43. Fastener; 431. Second nut; 44. Pressing member; 441. Articulated seat; 442. Rotating shaft; 443. Torsion spring; 444. Rotating rod; 4441. Rotating hole; 445. Insertion rod; 446. Pressing rod; 4461. Pull ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0036] The embodiment of the present application discloses a test block fixing device for a direct shear test on a rock structure surface.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A test block fixing device for a direct shear test on a rock structure surface comprises a supporting component 1, a fixing component 2, a sliding component 3 and an adjusting component 4. The fixing component 2 and the sliding component 3 are both arranged on the supporting component 1, and the adjusting component 4 is arranged on the sliding component 3.

[0039] Reference Figure 1The support assembly 1 includes a support frame 11 and a plurality of support members 12. In the present embodiment, the support frame 11 is a hexagonal frame, the support frame 11 is vertically arranged, and the plurality of support members 12 are all located at the bottom of the support member 12. In the present embodiment, the number of the support members 12 is four, and the four support members 12 are arranged in a matrix. The support members 12 are preferably reinforcing screws, which are fixed to the ground after being passed through the support frame 11. The reinforcing screws are threadedly connected to the support frame 11, and the reinforcing screws can fix the support frame 11 to the ground.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 A support plate 111 is provided in the support frame 11, the support plate 111 is horizontally arranged, and the support plate 111 is close to the bottom of the support frame 11, and the support plate 111 is fixedly connected to the support frame 11 by screws, and the fixing assembly 2 includes a fixing plate 21, a vertical plate 22, a fixing frame 23 and a plurality of counterweights 24, the fixing plate 21 is located in the support frame 11, and the bottom of the fixing plate 21 is higher than the top of the support plate 111, the fixing plate 21 is vertically arranged, and the fixing plate 21 is fixedly connected to the support frame 11 by screws, and the vertical plate 22 is located at the fixing plate 21 away from the support frame 11 On one side, the vertical plate 22 is arranged vertically, and the vertical plate 22 and the fixed plate 21 are arranged parallel, the fixing frame 23 is located between the vertical plate 22 and the fixed plate 21, one end of the fixing frame 23 is welded to the fixed plate 21, and the other end is welded to the vertical plate 22, the vertical plate 22 is in contact with the test block, and a plurality of counterweight blocks 24 are located on the fixing frame 23, and the specific number of the counterweight blocks 24 is determined according to actual conditions, and the two sides of the counterweight blocks 24 are respectively in contact with the vertical plate 22 and the fixed plate 21. In the direct shear test of the test block, the test block will be subjected to horizontal stress and vertical stress, thereby shearing the test block.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The sliding assembly 3 includes a sliding plate 31 and a plurality of pads 32. In this embodiment, the sliding plate 31 is a rectangular plate. The sliding plate 31 is vertically arranged. The sliding plate 31 is parallel to the vertical plate 22, and the sliding plate 31 is located on the side of the vertical plate 22 away from the fixed plate 21. The top of the sliding plate 31 is flush with the top of the vertical plate 22. The sliding plate 31 is located on the side of the support plate 111 away from the support frame 11. The sliding plate 31 is slidably connected to the support plate 111, and the sliding plate 31 can move toward or away from the side of the vertical plate 22. The sliding plate 31 and the vertical plate 22 form a clamping gap for placing a test block. The sliding plate 31 and the vertical plate 22 can clamp and fix the test block. A baffle 1111 is provided on each side of the support plate 111. The distribution direction of the two baffles 1111 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding plate 31. The baffle 1111 is welded to the support plate 11 1. A sliding gap is reserved between the two baffles 1111 for the sliding plate 31 to slide; multiple pads 32 are horizontally located in the clamping gap, and the pads 32 are close to the vertical plates 22. The thickness of the pads 32 is different. The required number of pads 32 is determined according to the thickness of the test block. When the test block is placed on the test block, the shear seam of the test block is higher than the top of the sliding plate 31; when the test block needs to be fixed, the personnel drives the sliding plate 31 to move toward the side away from the vertical plates 22. At this time, the clamping gap between the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plates 22 becomes larger. The personnel selects a suitable number of pads 32 and places the pads 32 in the clamping gap in sequence. Subsequently, the test block is placed on the pads 32. The personnel drives the sliding plate 31 again to move toward the side close to the vertical plates 22 until the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plates 22 clamp the test block. At this time, the shear seam of the test block is higher than the top of the sliding plate 31.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 The adjusting assembly 4 includes an adjusting plate 41, two adjusting members 42 and two fasteners 43. The adjusting plate 41 is located outside the support frame 11 and is close to the fixing plate 21. The adjusting plate 41 is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the support frame 11 by screws. An adjusting member 42 corresponds to one end of the sliding plate 31. The adjusting member 42 includes an adjusting rod 421 and two first nuts 422. A through hole 311 is respectively provided at both ends of the sliding plate 31. The adjusting rod 421 is horizontally arranged. The two adjusting rods 421 are arranged in parallel. Both ends of the adjusting rod 421 are provided with external threads. One end of the adjusting rod 421 is passed through the through hole 311, and the adjusting rod 421 is slidably connected to the sliding plate 31. The two first nuts 422 are both located at one end of the adjusting rod 421 close to the sliding plate 31. The two first nuts 422 are respectively located on one side of the sliding plate 31. The first nuts 422 are threadedly connected to the adjusting rod 421. The two first nuts 422 can fix the sliding plate 31 and the adjusting rod 421. The other end of the adjusting rod 421 is passed through the adjusting plate 41, and the adjusting rod 421 is slidably connected to the adjusting plate 41. The sliding direction of the adjusting rod 421 is consistent with the length direction of the adjusting rod 421.

[0043] Reference Figure 2, one fastener 43 corresponds to one adjusting rod 421, the fastener 43 includes two second nuts 431, the two second nuts 431 are both located at one end of the adjusting rod 421 close to the adjusting plate 41, the two second nuts 431 are respectively located on one side of the adjusting plate 41, the second nuts 431 are threadedly connected to the adjusting rod 421, and an avoidance gap is left between the two second nuts 431 for the adjusting rod 421 to slide, and the two second nuts 431 can fix the adjusting plate 41 and the adjusting rod 421. When the test block needs to be placed , the personnel pushes the adjusting rod 421 to move toward the side close to the support frame 11. At this time, the clamping gap between the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plate 22 becomes larger. After the test block is placed, the personnel pulls the adjusting rod 421 to move toward the side away from the support frame 11, thereby driving the sliding plate 31 to move, so that the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plate 22 fix the test block. Subsequently, the personnel screws the second nut 431 located on the side of the adjusting plate 41 away from the support frame 11. The two second nuts 431 can fix the adjusting plate 41 and the adjusting rod 421.

[0044] The implementation principle of Example 1 is as follows: when a direct shear test is required on the test block, first, the test block should be fixed, and the personnel start the adjustment component 4. The adjustment component 4 can push the sliding plate 31 in the sliding component 3 to move away from the vertical plate 22, so that the clamping gap between the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plate 22 becomes larger. Subsequently, the number of pads 32 in the sliding component 3 is selected, and the pads 32 are placed in the clamping gap so that the pads 32 are close to the vertical plate 22. After that, the test block is placed on the pads 32, and the shear seam of the test block is higher than the top of the sliding plate 31. The adjustment component 4 is started again, and the adjustment component 4 drives the sliding plate 31 to move toward the side close to the vertical plate 22 until the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plate 22 fix the test block, and then the direct shear test is performed.

[0045] When the sliding plate 31 needs to be moved and the test block needs to be placed, the personnel sequentially screw the two second nuts 431 on the side of the adjustment plate 41 away from the support frame 11 to move the second nuts 431 toward the side away from the adjustment plate 41. Subsequently, the avoidance gap between the two second nuts 431 on the same adjustment rod 421 becomes larger, and the personnel pushes the adjustment rod 421 toward the side close to the support frame 11. The adjustment rod 421 pushes the sliding plate 31 to move, so that the clamping gap between the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plate 22 becomes larger, and the test block can be placed. When fixing the test block, after the test block is placed, the personnel pulls the adjusting rod 421 toward the side away from the support frame 11, and the adjusting rod 421 drives the sliding plate 31 to move, and the sliding plate 31 moves toward between the vertical plates 22 until the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plates 22 fix the test block. After that, the personnel successively screw the two second nuts 431 on the side of the adjusting plate 41 away from the support frame 11 to reduce the avoidance gap between the two second nuts 431 on the same adjusting rod 421, so that the second nuts 431 fix the adjusting rod 421 and the adjusting plate 41.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the adjustment component 4 also includes two pressing pieces 44, one pressing piece 44 corresponds to an adjusting rod 421, the adjusting rod 421 is arranged on the adjusting plate 41 at one end away from the sliding plate 31, and the adjusting rod 421 is slidably connected to the adjusting plate 41, the pressing piece 44 is located at the end of the adjusting rod 421 close to the adjusting plate 41, the end of the adjusting rod 421 close to the adjusting plate 41 is hollow, and an insertion hole 4211 is opened on the adjusting rod 421, and the insertion hole 4211 is connected to the inner cavity of the adjusting rod 421, and when the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plate 22 fix the test block, the insertion hole 4211 is located at the connection between the adjusting rod 421 and the adjusting plate 41.

[0048] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The pressing member 44 includes a hinge seat 441, a rotating shaft 442, a torsion spring 443, a rotating rod 444, an insert rod 445 and a pressing rod 446. The hinge seat 441 is located inside the adjusting rod 421, and the hinge seat 441 is fixedly connected to the adjusting rod 421 by screws. The rotating shaft 442 is horizontally arranged, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 442 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the adjusting rod 421. The torsion spring 443 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 442. A rotating hole 4441 is opened in the middle of the rotating rod 444, and the rotating shaft 442 is located in the rotating hole 4441. Both ends of the rotating rod 444 are penetrated through the rotating rod 444 and then welded to the hinge seat 441. The rotating rod 444 is tilted. The rotating rod 444 is tilted downward from the inside of the adjusting rod 421 to the outside of the adjusting rod 421. The rotating rod 444 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 442. One end of the torsion spring 443 is welded to the rotating shaft 442, and the other end is welded to the rotating rod 444.

[0049] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The insertion rod 445 is located at one end of the rotating rod 444 close to the adjusting rod 421. One end of the insertion rod 445 is welded to the rotating rod 444, and the other end passes through the insertion hole 4211. The end of the insertion rod 445 away from the rotating rod 444 is inclined, and the inclined surface of the insertion rod 445 is inclined downward from the inside of the adjusting rod 421 to the outside of the adjusting rod 421. The adjustment plate 41 is provided with an avoidance groove 411 for the insertion of the insertion rod 445 at the connection between it and the adjusting rod 421. In the initial state, the insertion rod 445 passes through the insertion hole 4211, and the rotating rod 444 is in a tilted state; when the personnel pulls the adjusting rod 421 to move toward the side away from the support frame 11, the insertion rod 445 is tilted. The rod 445 contacts the adjustment plate 41, and the insertion rod 445 can slide toward the inner cavity of the adjustment rod 421. Then, the insertion rod 445 slides to the avoidance groove 411. At this time, the adjustment rod 421 and the adjustment plate 41 are fixed; the pressing rod 446 is located at the end of the rotating rod 444 away from the insertion rod 445, the pressing rod 446 and the insertion rod 445 are arranged parallel, and the pressing rod 446 and the insertion rod 445 are located on the same side of the rotating rod 444, one end of the pressing rod 446 is welded to the rotating rod 444, and the other end is passed through the adjustment rod 421, the pressing rod 446 is slidably connected to the adjustment rod 421, and a pull ring 4461 is welded to the end of the pressing rod 446 away from the rotating rod 444.

[0050] The implementation principle of Example 2 is as follows: when the sliding plate 31 needs to be moved, when the test block needs to be placed, the personnel pulls the two pull rings 4461 in turn, and the pull ring 4461 drives the rotating rod 444 to rotate around the hinge seat 441. At this time, the insertion rod 445 is separated from the avoidance groove 411, and the personnel pushes the adjustment rod 421 toward the side close to the support frame 11, and the adjustment rod 421 drives the sliding plate 31 to move, so that the clamping gap between the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plate 22 becomes larger, and the test block can be placed; when the test block needs to be fixed, after the test block is placed, the personnel pulls the adjustment rod 421 toward the side away from the support frame 11, and the adjustment rod 421 drives the sliding plate 31 to move, and the sliding plate 31 moves toward the side close to the vertical plate 22 until the sliding plate 31 and the vertical plate 22 fix the test block. In this process, the insertion rod 445 contacts the adjusting plate 41, and then the insertion rod 445 slides into the avoidance groove 411, which can fix the adjusting rod 421 and the adjusting plate 41.

[0051] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A test block fixing device for direct shear test of rock structure surface, characterized in that: The invention comprises a supporting assembly (1), a fixing assembly (2), a sliding assembly (3) and an adjusting assembly (4), wherein the supporting assembly (1) comprises a supporting frame (11), the fixing assembly (2) comprises a vertical plate (22), the vertical plate (22) is fixed to the supporting frame (11), the sliding assembly (3) comprises a sliding plate (31), the sliding plate (31) is located on one side of the vertical plate (22), the sliding plate (31) is arranged parallel to the vertical plate (22), the top of the sliding plate (31) is flush with the top of the vertical plate (22), and the sliding plate (31) is arranged parallel to the vertical plate (22). The movable plate (31) is slidably connected to the support frame (11); the sliding plate (31) can slide toward or away from the vertical plate (22); a clamping gap for placing a test block is formed between the sliding plate (31) and the vertical plate (22); the sliding plate (31) and the vertical plate (22) clamp the test block; the shear seam of the test block is higher than the top of the sliding plate (31); the adjusting component (4) is connected to the support frame (11); and the adjusting component (4) is connected to the sliding plate (31) to drive the sliding plate (31) to move.

2. A test block fixing device for direct shear test of rock structure surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (3) further comprises a plurality of pads (32), wherein the plurality of pads (32) are horizontally located in the clamping gap, the pads (32) are close to the vertical plates (22), and the test blocks are placed on the pads (32).

3. A test block fixing device for direct shear test of rock structure surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (4) comprises an adjustment plate (41) and two adjustment members (42); the adjustment plate (41) is fixed to the support frame (11); the adjustment plate (41) is arranged in parallel with the sliding plate (31); one of the adjustment members (42) corresponds to one end of the sliding plate (31); the adjustment member (42) comprises an adjustment rod (421); one end of the adjustment rod (421) is connected to the sliding plate (31); the other end is passed through the adjustment plate (41); the adjustment rod (421) is connected to the adjustment plate (41).

4. A test block fixing device for direct shear test of rock structure surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (4) further comprises two fasteners (43), one of the fasteners (43) corresponding to one of the adjustment rods (421), the fastener (43) comprising two second nuts (431), the two second nuts (431) both being located at one end of the adjustment rod (421) close to the adjustment plate (41), the two second nuts (431) each being located on one side of the adjustment plate (41), the second nuts (431) being threadedly connected to the adjustment rod (421), an escape gap being reserved between the two second nuts (431) for the adjustment rod (421) to slide, and the two second nuts (431) fixing the adjustment plate (41) and the adjustment rod (421).

5. The test block fixing device for direct shear test of rock mass structure surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (4) further comprises two pressing members (44), one pressing member (44) corresponds to one of the adjustment rods (421), the adjustment rod (421) is slidably connected to the adjustment plate (41), the pressing member (44) is located at one end of the adjustment rod (421) close to the adjustment plate (41), the end of the adjustment rod (421) close to the adjustment plate (41) is hollow, and a penetration hole (4211) is provided on the adjustment rod (421), and when the sliding plate (31) and the vertical plate (22) fix the test block, the penetration hole (4211) is located at the connection between the adjustment rod (421) and the adjustment plate (41); The pressing member (44) comprises a hinge seat (441), a rotating shaft (442), a torsion spring (443), a rotating rod (444), an insertion rod (445) and a pressing rod (446); the hinge seat (441) is fixed inside the adjusting rod (421); the rotating shaft (442) is horizontally rotatably connected to the hinge seat (441); the axial direction of the rotating shaft (442) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the adjusting rod (421); the torsion spring (443) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (442); one end of the torsion spring (443) is fixed to the rotating shaft (442) and the other end is fixed to the middle of the rotating rod (444); the insertion rod (445) is hinged to one end of the rotating rod (444) close to the adjusting rod (421) and the other end passes through the insertion hole (4211); the adjusting plate (41) is connected to the adjusting plate (41) at its intersection with the adjusting plate (41). The connection of the adjusting rod (421) is provided with an avoidance groove (411) for the insertion rod (445) to be inserted, and the insertion rod (445) is interference fit with the avoidance groove (411). In the initial state, the insertion rod (445) passes through the insertion hole (4211), and the rotating rod (444) is arranged to be inclined downward from the inside of the adjusting rod (421) to the outside of the adjusting rod (421), and one end of the pressing rod (446) is hinged to the end of the rotating rod (444) away from the insertion rod (445), and the pressing rod (446) is arranged parallel to the insertion rod (445), and the pressing rod (446) and the insertion rod (445) are located on the same side of the rotating rod (444), and the other end of the pressing rod (446) is penetrated by the adjusting rod (421), and the pressing rod (446) is slidably connected to the adjusting rod (421).

6. A test block fixing device for direct shear test of rock structure surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the insertion rod (445) away from the rotating rod (444) is arranged to be inclined, and the inclined surface of the insertion rod (445) is arranged to be inclined downward from the inside of the adjustment rod (421) to the outside of the adjustment rod (421).

7. The test block fixing device for direct shear test of rock structure surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pull ring (4461) is fixed to one end of the pressing rod (446) away from the rotating rod (444).

8. The test block fixing device for direct shear test of rock structure surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (2) further comprises a fixing plate (21), a fixing frame (23) and a plurality of counterweights (24); the fixing plate (21) is located on a side of the vertical plate (22) away from the sliding plate (31); the fixing plate (21) is fixed to the supporting frame (11); the fixing frame (23) is fixed between the vertical plate (22) and the fixing plate (21); the plurality of counterweights (24) are all located on the fixing frame (23); and the two sides of the counterweights (24) are respectively in contact with the vertical plate (22) and the fixing plate (21).

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