Geological disaster data acquisition system based on multiple sensors

Abstract

The utility model discloses a geological disaster data acquisition system based on multiple sensors, belongs to the field of geological monitoring, and particularly relates to acquisition of address disaster data. The problem that an existing geological disaster data acquisition system is easily interfered by natural conditions such as geological topography, seasonal weather and the like is solved. The system comprises an MCU controller, a 433MHz radio frequency communication module, a sensor module, a power supply module and an upper computer module, and the sensor interface comprises a 0-5v voltage interface, a 4-2-mA current interface, an RS485 communication protocol and an SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface). The geological disaster data acquisition system based on multiple sensors is suitable for monitoring geological disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of geological monitoring, in particular to the collection of address disaster data. Background Art

[0002] Human destruction and natural changes are the main causes of geological disasters. The forms of geological disasters include landslides, mud-rock flows, collapses, ground subsidence, ground subsidence and ground fissures. Geological disasters seriously affect the country's economic construction and endanger people's lives and property.

[0003] As an important means of geological disaster safety prevention and control, geological disaster monitoring has received more and more attention. The implementation of monitoring work can not only provide early warning of geological disasters, but also provide a reliable decision-making basis for geological disaster engineering safety management measures to avoid the occurrence of vicious geological disasters. At present, there are various methods and means for geological disaster monitoring, but due to the different natural environments and causes of geological disasters of different types and locations, these methods are difficult to adapt to the changing types of geological disasters in practical applications, and their monitoring effects are often not ideal.

[0004] At present, the commonly used methods for monitoring geological disasters are as follows:

[0005] (1) Macro geological monitoring method. Through the macroscopic visible deformation and crack occurrence and development of geological disasters such as landslides, some areas may experience geological disasters such as collapse and so on. From these obvious changes, relevant information and trends of landslides can be obtained, so as to make scientific predictions. This method is convenient and practical to obtain information, and is suitable for a variety of landslides at different stages of development. It has a wide range of monitoring content and monitoring range, but the monitoring accuracy is not high, and the labor cost is relatively high. It is generally only used as an auxiliary monitoring method.

[0006] (2) Geodetic method. Use optical and photoelectric instruments with high accuracy to measure angles and distances, and use some conventional measurement methods to achieve the purpose of monitoring landslides. The advantage of this method is that it can monitor key monitoring areas with high risks at fixed points, and can also cover a relatively wide monitoring range, and can determine the scale and development of landslides. The disadvantage is that this technology is usually affected by geological terrain and weather and climate conditions, and the workload of field monitoring is large, the monitoring cycle is relatively long, and it is not suitable for continuous observation.

[0007] (3) Close-range photogrammetry. A close-range camera is installed at two observation points at different locations at the same time, and the landslide is photographed at the same time to form a three-dimensional image. The three-dimensional position of each observation point on the image is detected using a stereo coordinate meter. The advantage of this method is that the landslide can be photographed from a relatively long distance to avoid more dangerous areas, and this method can also monitor multiple targets at the same time. The disadvantage is that the measurement accuracy depends on the accuracy of the measuring equipment, which leads to large errors in the results and low measurement accuracy. In addition, this method is easily affected by weather and requires a high degree of specialization.

[0008] (4) Remote sensing measurement method. This is a new monitoring technology in the 20th century. It has good detection effectiveness, strong macroscopicity, and rich information. Therefore, it has been widely used in many fields. The disadvantage is that it is very susceptible to interference from natural conditions such as seasons and climate, which will cause a large amount of monitoring information to be lost, resulting in data distortion and reduced reliability.

[0009] In summary, people are in great need of a geological disaster data acquisition system that can be used in various harsh environments and has high measurement accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0010] The utility model proposes a geological disaster data acquisition system based on multiple sensors, which solves the problem that the existing geological disaster data acquisition system is easily disturbed by natural conditions such as geological terrain, seasonal weather and the like.

[0011] The utility model discloses a multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system, and its technical scheme is as follows:

[0012] The system includes: an MCU controller, a 433MHz radio frequency communication module, a sensor module, a power module and a host computer module;

[0013] The MCU controller includes a sensor interface and an embedded processor;

[0014] The sensor interface includes a 0-5v voltage interface, a 4-2-mA current interface, an RS485 communication protocol interface and an SPI interface;

[0015] The sensor module is used to collect geological disaster data; and is also used to transmit the geological disaster data to the embedded processor through the sensor interface;

[0016] The embedded processor is used to perform data preprocessing and stability judgment on the geological disaster data; and is also used to transmit the geological disaster data to the host computer module through the 433MHz radio frequency communication module;

[0017] The power supply module is used to provide power to the MCU controller, 433MHz radio frequency communication module, sensor module and host computer module.

[0018] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the sensor module comprises: a soil moisture temperature sensor, a rainfall sensor, a vibration sensor, an earth pressure box and an accelerometer.

[0019] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the host computer module includes a concentrator, a server and a management terminal:

[0020] The 433MHz radio frequency communication module is used to transmit the geological disaster data to the concentrator through a wireless sensor network;

[0021] The concentrator is used to transmit the geological disaster data to the server via a mobile communication network;

[0022] The server is used to transmit the geological disaster data to the management terminal via the Internet.

[0023] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the system further comprises: a storage module;

[0024] The storage module is used to receive the geological disaster data transmitted by the embedded processor and is also used to store the geological disaster data.

[0025] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the power module is a battery device.

[0026] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the power supply module is an external power supply device;

[0027] The external power supply device is a solar power supply device.

[0028] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the power module comprises: a battery device, an external power supply device and a power management module;

[0029] The power management module is used to manage the charge and discharge of the battery device:

[0030] When an external power supply device supplies power to the system, the external power supply device is used to supply power to the battery device at the same time;

[0031] When there is no external power supply device to supply power to the system, the battery device is used to supply power to the system.

[0032] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the utility model can be deployed at multiple points through wireless network transmission, and multiple sensors can be applicable to various geological terrains.

[0034] 2. The multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the utility model can ensure the reliability of data transmission by adopting a concentrator to realize a 433MHz wireless communication method, and can be applied to harsh environments of various weather and climate.

[0035] 3. The multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the utility model can solve the problem of power supply in the wild through the battery management module, and can be applied to geological disaster monitoring in remote areas such as the wild.

[0036] 4. The multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the utility model can comprehensively obtain parameters such as surface deformation, ground tilt, ground movement, etc. through multiple sensors, thereby providing data basis for geological disaster monitoring and early warning.

[0037] 5. The multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the utility model can be quickly deployed under various complex conditions such as harsh environment, high safety risk, limited disaster body information, etc. through modular setting, and ultimately realize emergency monitoring and early warning of geological disasters.

[0038] The utility model discloses a geological disaster data acquisition system based on multiple sensors, which is suitable for monitoring geological disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the implementation modes of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the implementation modes will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation modes of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 The present invention is a structural diagram of a multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the utility model more clearly described, the specific implementation methods of the utility model will be further described in detail and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The various implementation methods described below are only part of the preferred solutions of the utility model, not all implementation methods; the various implementation methods described below are intended to explain the utility model and cannot be understood as limitations on the utility model; the reasonable combination of technical features defined in each implementation method of the utility model, and all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work based on the implementation methods of the utility model, are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0042] Implementation Method 1: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment describes a multi-sensor-based geological disaster data acquisition system, and the specific implementation contents are as follows:

[0043] The system includes: an MCU controller, a 433MHz radio frequency communication module, a sensor module, a power module and a host computer module;

[0044] The MCU controller includes a sensor interface and an embedded processor;

[0045] The sensor interface includes a 0-5v voltage interface, a 4-2-mA current interface, an RS485 communication protocol interface and an SPI interface;

[0046] The sensor module is used to collect geological disaster data; and is also used to transmit the geological disaster data to the embedded processor through the sensor interface;

[0047] The embedded processor is used to perform data preprocessing and stability judgment on the geological disaster data; and is also used to transmit the geological disaster data to the host computer module through the 433MHz radio frequency communication module;

[0048] The power supply module is used to provide power to the MCU controller, 433MHz radio frequency communication module, sensor module and host computer module.

[0049] In this embodiment, the embedded processor needs to receive information collected by multiple sensors, and the interfaces of each sensor are not consistent, so a corresponding sensor interface must be designed to realize information transmission between the chip and the sensor. The MCU controller can enable sensors with different interfaces to transmit information to the embedded processor through the sensor interface.

[0050] In this embodiment, the embedded processor can perform data preprocessing and stationarity judgment on the data collected by the sensor module through the Laida criterion and the autocorrelation function method. The data preprocessing and stationarity judgment here are both existing conventional technical means.

[0051] Implementation Method 2: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a further limitation of the multi-sensor-based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the first embodiment. The specific implementation contents are as follows:

[0052] The sensor module includes: a soil moisture temperature sensor, a rainfall sensor, a vibration sensor, an earth pressure box and an accelerometer.

[0053] In this embodiment:

[0054] The soil moisture temperature sensor is used to collect soil moisture temperature; and is also used to transmit the soil moisture temperature to the embedded processor through a 0-5V voltage interface;

[0055] The rain sensor is used to collect the rainfall and transmit the rainfall to the embedded processor via the RS485 communication protocol interface;

[0056] The vibration sensor is used to collect soil vibration and transmit the soil vibration to the embedded processor through a 4-2-mA current interface;

[0057] The soil pressure box is used to collect soil pressure and transmit the soil pressure to the embedded processor via the RS485 communication protocol interface;

[0058] The accelerometer is used to collect soil acceleration and transmit the soil acceleration to the embedded processor through the SPI interface.

[0059] In this embodiment, through the above-mentioned multiple sensors, parameters such as surface deformation, ground tilt, and ground movement can be comprehensively acquired, thereby providing a data basis for geological disaster monitoring and early warning.

[0060] Furthermore, the specific models of the sensors are as follows:

[0061] The soil moisture temperature sensor is SMET-2, the rainfall sensor is QS-1501 tipping bucket type, the vibration sensor is ZMF-YB40, the soil pressure box is YB series strain type, and the accelerometer is ADXL355.

[0062] In this embodiment, the output of the SMET-2 soil moisture temperature sensor is a 0-5v voltage signal, which is connected to the ADC pin of the MCU after voltage division;

[0063] The output of the QS-1501 tipping bucket rain sensor is a pulse signal, which is connected to the MCU via the RS485 communication protocol;

[0064] The output of the ZMF-YB40 vibration sensor is a 4-2-mA current signal, which is connected in series with a resistor to measure the current in the circuit, and the measured voltage signal is input into the ADC module of the MCU for conversion;

[0065] The output of the YB series strain gauge earth pressure box is a pulse signal, which is connected to the MCU via the RS485 communication protocol;

[0066] The ADXL355 accelerometer collects data internally and transmits the data to the MCU via the MOSI pin, and the MISO pin can receive instructions from the MCU.

[0067] In this embodiment, the selected sensor output modes include voltage signal, current signal, pulse signal and TTL level signal.

[0068] Implementation Method 3: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a further limitation of the multi-sensor-based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the first embodiment. The specific implementation contents are as follows:

[0069] The host computer module includes a concentrator, a server and a management terminal:

[0070] The 433MHz radio frequency communication module is used to transmit the geological disaster data to the concentrator through a wireless sensor network;

[0071] The concentrator is used to transmit the geological disaster data to the server via a mobile communication network;

[0072] The server is used to transmit the geological disaster data to the management terminal via the Internet.

[0073] In this embodiment, the mobile communication network used by the concentrator to transmit the geological disaster data to the server is a 4G network. The 4G network can realize long-distance communication and has the advantage of fast data transmission.

[0074] In this embodiment, the 433MHz radio frequency communication module belongs to an existing communication module, which supports one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many connection modes, and is more suitable for establishing a wireless sensor network. In this embodiment, because the concentrator is used, a one-to-many connection mode is adopted. This connection mode is suitable for outdoor independent equipment and limited energy supply, and can reduce power consumption and extend the working time of the device.

[0075] In this implementation manner, the 433 MHz radio frequency communication module communicates with the concentrator in a slave machine active upload manner, which is an existing conventional communication manner.

[0076] Implementation Method 4: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a further limitation of the multi-sensor-based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the first embodiment. The specific implementation contents are as follows:

[0077] The system further comprises: a storage module;

[0078] The storage module is used to receive the geological disaster data transmitted by the embedded processor and is also used to store the geological disaster data.

[0079] In this embodiment, the storage module can save the geological disaster data for a certain period of time to prevent data loss caused by transmission failure or failure of communication components, and ensure the comprehensiveness and continuity of the data.

[0080] The storage method of the storage module belongs to the existing conventional technology.

[0081] Implementation Method 5: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a further limitation of the multi-sensor-based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the first embodiment. The specific implementation contents are as follows:

[0082] The power module is a battery device.

[0083] Furthermore, the battery device is a super capacitor with a specification of 2.7V and 2000F.

[0084] Implementation Method 6: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a further limitation of the multi-sensor-based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the first embodiment. The specific implementation contents are as follows:

[0085] The power module is an external power supply device;

[0086] The external power supply device is a solar power supply device.

[0087] Implementation Method 7: Combination Figure 1 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a further limitation of the multi-sensor-based geological disaster data acquisition system described in the first embodiment. The specific implementation contents are as follows:

[0088] The power module includes: a battery device, an external power supply device and a power management module;

[0089] The power management module is used to manage the charge and discharge of the battery device:

[0090] When an external power supply device supplies power to the system, the external power supply device is used to supply power to the battery device at the same time;

[0091] When there is no external power supply device to supply power to the system, the battery device is used to supply power to the system.

[0092] In this embodiment, the battery device charge and discharge management function of the power management module belongs to the existing conventional technical means.

[0093] In this embodiment, the power management module also has a voltage regulation function, which can make the output voltage meet the working requirements of different devices and ensure the normal operation of the acquisition system as a whole. The voltage regulation function belongs to the existing conventional technical means.

[0094] The technical solution provided by the present invention is further described in detail above through several specific implementation modes in order to highlight the advantages and benefits of the technical solution provided by the present invention. However, the several specific implementation modes described above are not intended to limit the present invention. Any reasonable changes and improvements to the present invention, reasonable combinations of implementation modes and equivalent substitutions based on the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system, characterized in that: The system includes: an MCU controller, a 433MHz radio frequency communication module, a sensor module, a power module and a host computer module; The MCU controller includes a sensor interface and an embedded processor; The sensor interface includes a 0-5v voltage interface, a 4-2-mA current interface, an RS485 communication protocol interface and an SPI interface; The sensor module is used to collect geological disaster data; and is also used to transmit the geological disaster data to the embedded processor through the sensor interface; The embedded processor is used to perform data preprocessing and stability judgment on the geological disaster data; and is also used to transmit the geological disaster data to the host computer module through the 433MHz radio frequency communication module; The power module is used to provide power to the MCU controller, 433MHz radio frequency communication module, sensor module and host computer module; The embedded processor performs data preprocessing and stationarity judgment on the data collected by the sensor module through the Laida criterion and the autocorrelation function method.

2. A multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor module includes: a soil moisture temperature sensor, a rainfall sensor, a vibration sensor, an earth pressure box and an accelerometer.

3. A multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host computer module includes a concentrator, a server and a management terminal: The 433MHz radio frequency communication module is used to transmit the geological disaster data to the concentrator through a wireless sensor network; The concentrator is used to transmit the geological disaster data to the server via a mobile communication network; The server is used to transmit the geological disaster data to the management terminal via the Internet.

4. The multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: a storage module; The storage module is used to receive the geological disaster data transmitted by the embedded processor and is also used to store the geological disaster data.

5. The multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module is a battery device.

6. The multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module is an external power supply device; The external power supply device is a solar power supply device.

7. The multi-sensor based geological disaster data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module includes: a battery device, an external power supply device and a power management module; The power management module is used to manage the charge and discharge of the battery device: When an external power supply device supplies power to the system, the external power supply device is used to supply power to the battery device at the same time; When there is no external power supply device to supply power to the system, the battery device is used to supply power to the system.

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