Power output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection

By designing a power output circuit based on a trigger, MOS tube and resistance capacitance, the problem of high voltage processing costs and high temperature effects in the existing technology, and realized a power output circuit with simple structure, low cost, and stability stability. Essence

CN222423227UActive Publication Date: 2025-01-28CHENGDU JINGCHENG ELECTRONIC TECH CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202423124826.7
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-12-18
Publication Date
2025-01-28
Estimated Expiration
2034-12-18

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The prior art requires the introduction of processors when processing surge voltages, resulting in increased costs and difficult to effectively reduce the impact of temperature on output voltage.

Method used

By designing a power output circuit based on a triode, MOS tube, and resistance capacitance, the detection and automatic protection of the surge voltage is achieved, and the effect of temperature reduction on the output voltage in the temperature compensation output circuit is reduced in the temperature compensation output circuit.

Benefits of technology

The detection and automatic protection of the wave voltage are achieved, the structure is simple and the cost is low. At the same time, it effectively reduces the effect of temperature on the output voltage and improves the stability of the power output circuit.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a power supply output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection. The power supply output circuit comprises an input port IN, an output port OUT, a surge voltage detection circuit, a surge voltage protection circuit and a temperature compensation output circuit. The input port IN is used for being connected with a power supply, the input end of the surge voltage protection circuit is connected with the input port IN, the output end of the surge voltage protection circuit is connected with the input end of the temperature compensation output circuit, the output end of the temperature compensation output circuit is connected with the output port OUT, and the output port OUT supplies power to the outside; the input end of the surge voltage detection circuit is connected with the input port IN, and the output end of the surge voltage detection circuit is connected with the control end of the surge voltage protection circuit. According to the utility model, the surge voltage detection and automatic protection can be realized based on the triodes, the MOS tubes, the resistors and the capacitors, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of power supply protection, in particular to a power supply output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection. Background Art

[0002] When using a power supply, a large surge voltage may occur due to the power on and off or the influence of extreme external conditions (such as lightning weather), which may cause a large current impact on the electrical equipment, affecting the service life of the electrical equipment or even causing damage to the electrical equipment. In general, it may be necessary to detect the voltage and control the on and off of the power supply path through a processor, but this method of introducing a processor will increase costs significantly. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a power supply output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection. Surge voltage detection and automatic protection can be achieved based on transistors, MOS tubes and resistors and capacitors, with a simple structure and low cost.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: a power supply output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection, comprising an input port IN, an output port OUT, a surge voltage detection circuit, a surge voltage protection circuit and a temperature compensation output circuit;

[0005] The input port IN is used to connect to a power supply, the input end of the surge voltage protection circuit is connected to the input port IN, the output end of the surge voltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the temperature compensation output circuit, the output end of the temperature compensation output circuit is connected to the output port OUT, and the output port OUT is used to supply power to the outside; the input end of the surge voltage detection circuit is connected to the input port IN, and the output end of the surge voltage detection circuit is connected to the control end of the surge voltage protection circuit.

[0006] Wherein, the surge voltage detection circuit includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first diode D1 and a first capacitor C1;

[0007] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the input port IN as the input end of the surge detection circuit, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the first diode D1 is grounded through the second resistor R2; the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the surge voltage protection circuit as the output end of the surge voltage detection circuit. The first diode D1 is a voltage stabilizing diode.

[0008] The surge voltage protection circuit includes a PMOS tube M, a first transistor Q1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5;

[0009] The source of the PMOS tube M is connected to the input port IN as the input end of the surge voltage protection circuit, the drain of the PMOS tube M is connected to the temperature compensation output circuit as the output end of the surge voltage protection circuit, one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the source of the PMOS tube M, and the other end is connected to the drain of the PMOS tube M;

[0010] The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the source of the PMOS tube M, and the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1 through the fourth resistor R4; the gate of the PMOS tube M is connected between the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4; the emitter of the first transistor Q1 is grounded, and the base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the output end of the surge voltage detection circuit as the control end of the surge voltage protection circuit. The first transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor.

[0011] The temperature compensation output circuit includes a second transistor Q2, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a second capacitor C2 and a sixth resistor R6;

[0012] The collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the output end of the surge voltage protection circuit as the input end of the temperature compensation output circuit, and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the output port OUT as the output end of the temperature compensation output circuit;

[0013] The base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the third diode D3, and the anode of the third diode D3 is grounded; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the emitter of the second transistor Q2, and the other end is grounded; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the collector of the second transistor Q2, and the other end is connected to the base of the second transistor Q2. The second diode D2 is a temperature compensation diode, the third diode D3 is a voltage regulator diode, and the second transistor Q2 is an NPN transistor.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model can realize the detection and automatic protection of surge voltage based on triodes, MOS tubes and resistors and capacitors, and has a simple structure and low cost; at the same time, in the temperature compensation output circuit, it can effectively reduce the influence of temperature on the output voltage, and further improve the stability of the power supply output circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solution of the present utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, a power supply output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection includes an input port IN, an output port OUT, a surge voltage detection circuit, a surge voltage protection circuit and a temperature compensation output circuit;

[0018] The input port IN is used to connect to a power supply, the input end of the surge voltage protection circuit is connected to the input port IN, the output end of the surge voltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the temperature compensation output circuit, the output end of the temperature compensation output circuit is connected to the output port OUT, and the output port OUT is used to supply power to the outside; the input end of the surge voltage detection circuit is connected to the input port IN, and the output end of the surge voltage detection circuit is connected to the control end of the surge voltage protection circuit.

[0019] Wherein, the surge voltage detection circuit includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first diode D1 and a first capacitor C1;

[0020] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the input port IN as the input end of the surge detection circuit, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the first diode D1 is grounded through the second resistor R2; the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the surge voltage protection circuit as the output end of the surge voltage detection circuit. The first diode D1 is a voltage stabilizing diode.

[0021] The surge voltage protection circuit includes a PMOS tube M, a first transistor Q1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5;

[0022] The source of the PMOS tube M is connected to the input port IN as the input end of the surge voltage protection circuit, the drain of the PMOS tube M is connected to the temperature compensation output circuit as the output end of the surge voltage protection circuit, one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the source of the PMOS tube M, and the other end is connected to the drain of the PMOS tube M;

[0023] The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the source of the PMOS tube M, and the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1 through the fourth resistor R4; the gate of the PMOS tube M is connected between the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4; the emitter of the first transistor Q1 is grounded, and the base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the output end of the surge voltage detection circuit as the control end of the surge voltage protection circuit. The first transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor.

[0024] The temperature compensation output circuit includes a second transistor Q2, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a second capacitor C2 and a sixth resistor R6;

[0025] The collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the output end of the surge voltage protection circuit as the input end of the temperature compensation output circuit, and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the output port OUT as the output end of the temperature compensation output circuit;

[0026] The base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the third diode D3, and the anode of the third diode D3 is grounded; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the emitter of the second transistor Q2, and the other end is grounded; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the collector of the second transistor Q2, and the other end is connected to the base of the second transistor Q2. The second diode D2 is a temperature compensation diode, the third diode D3 is a voltage regulator diode, and the second transistor Q2 is an NPN transistor.

[0027] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0028] The utility model is mainly used for power supply of 5~12V power supply, and is arranged between the power supply and the electrical equipment to realize the detection and protection of surge voltage; in normal operation, the first voltage stabilizing diode D1 is equivalent to a larger resistor due to the reverse connection. Due to the voltage dividing effect of the resistor, the voltage at the cathode of the first voltage stabilizing diode D1 is actually the sum of the voltages of the first diode D1 and the second resistor R2, which is obtained by voltage division with the first resistor R1, and is applied to the base of the first transistor Q1 through the first capacitor C1, so that the first transistor can be turned on; when a large surge occurs at the input of the input port IN, the voltage at the cathode of the first voltage stabilizing diode D1 is equal to a larger resistor due to the voltage dividing effect of the resistor. The voltage applied to the first voltage zener diode D1 will increase significantly. When it is higher than the breakdown threshold of the first voltage zener diode, the first voltage zener diode D1 will be broken down and short-circuited. At this time, the voltage of the cathode of the first voltage zener diode D1 will be significantly reduced. At this time, the voltage applied to the base of the first transistor Q1 through the first capacitor is reduced, so that the first transistor Q1 cannot be turned on. In this case, the first transistor Q1 is equivalent to an open circuit, and the source-gate voltage of the PMOS tube is equal, so the PMOS tube is turned off; at this time, the temperature compensation output circuit at the rear end can only be powered through the fifth resistor R5, and the surge is suppressed through the resistor R5. The PN junction area of ​​the voltage zener diode is large, and a suitable current limiting resistor (the second resistor R2) is added when it is used, so the current flowing through the tube is not very large when working in the breakdown state, so the maximum allowable power of the tube will not be reached. Therefore, even if the first diode is broken down, as long as the maximum power consumption is not exceeded, when there is no large surge voltage, the first diode will recover, and at this time the first transistor can be turned on, thereby making the PMOS tube turned on, and supplying power to the temperature compensation output current at the rear end through the PMOS tube; the second transistor Q2 is used as a temperature compensation transistor, and the junction voltage of its BE junction and the PN junction of the temperature compensation diode D2 increases as the temperature drops. When the temperature decreases, the forward conduction voltage of the second diode D2 increases, so that the reference voltage of the base of the second transistor Q2 increases, but under low temperature conditions, the PE junction voltage of the second transistor Q2 also increases, that is, the junction voltage of the diode D1 is opposite to that of the transistor PE junction, thereby playing a role of temperature compensation and maintaining the stability of the voltage; it can be seen that the utility model can realize the detection and automatic protection of surge voltage based on transistors, MOS tubes and resistors and capacitors, and has a simple structure and low cost; at the same time, in the temperature compensation output circuit, it can effectively reduce the influence of temperature on the output voltage, and further improve the stability of the power supply output circuit.

[0029] Finally, it should be explained that the above is only a preferred implementation of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A power output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection, characterized in that: It includes an input port IN, an output port OUT, a surge voltage detection circuit, a surge voltage protection circuit and a temperature compensation output circuit; The input port IN is used to connect to a power supply, the input end of the surge voltage protection circuit is connected to the input port IN, the output end of the surge voltage protection circuit is connected to the input end of the temperature compensation output circuit, the output end of the temperature compensation output circuit is connected to the output port OUT, and the output port OUT is used to supply power to the outside; the input end of the surge voltage detection circuit is connected to the input port IN, and the output end of the surge voltage detection circuit is connected to the control end of the surge voltage protection circuit.

2. A power output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surge voltage detection circuit includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first diode D1 and a first capacitor C1; The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the input port IN as an input end of the surge detection circuit, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the first diode D1 is grounded through the second resistor R2; the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the surge voltage protection circuit as an output end of the surge voltage detection circuit.

3. A power output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first diode D1 is a voltage regulator diode.

4. A power output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surge voltage protection circuit includes a PMOS tube M, a first transistor Q1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5; The source of the PMOS tube M is connected to the input port IN as the input end of the surge voltage protection circuit, the drain of the PMOS tube M is connected to the temperature compensation output circuit as the output end of the surge voltage protection circuit, one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the source of the PMOS tube M, and the other end is connected to the drain of the PMOS tube M; The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the source of the PMOS tube M, and the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1 through the fourth resistor R4; the gate of the PMOS tube M is connected between the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4; the emitter of the first transistor Q1 is grounded, and the base of the first transistor Q1 serves as the control end of the surge voltage protection circuit and is connected to the output end of the surge voltage detection circuit.

5. A power output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor.

6. A power output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature compensation output circuit includes a second transistor Q2, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a second capacitor C2 and a sixth resistor R6; The collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the output end of the surge voltage protection circuit as the input end of the temperature compensation output circuit, and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the output port OUT as the output end of the temperature compensation output circuit; The base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the third diode D3, and the anode of the third diode D3 is grounded; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the emitter of the second transistor Q2, and the other end is grounded; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the collector of the second transistor Q2, and the other end is connected to the base of the second transistor Q2.

7. A power output circuit based on surge voltage detection and protection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second diode D2 is a temperature compensation diode, the third diode D3 is a voltage regulator diode, and the second transistor Q2 is an NPN transistor.