Energy storage system and data center

Abstract

The utility model provides an energy storage system and a data center, the energy storage system is applied to the data center, and the energy storage system comprises a first cable, the input end of the first cable is used for connecting a main power supply, and the output end of the first cable is used for connecting a high-voltage bus; the charging and discharging circuit is connected with the first cable; the battery system is connected with the charging and discharging circuit; the charging and discharging circuit is used for charging and discharging the battery system; and the charging and discharging controller is connected with the charging and discharging circuit and is used for controlling the charging and discharging circuit. According to the scheme, a diesel power generation emergency power supply can be omitted, the power distribution architecture of the energy storage system and the data center is simplified, and the control complexity is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of data centers, and in particular to an energy storage system and a data center. Background Art

[0002] As a large-capacity electricity load, data centers can participate in the grid power supply balance as virtual power plants after being equipped with energy storage systems. They can also combine time-of-use electricity price policies to reduce peak loads and fill valleys, bringing economic benefits.

[0003] Figure 1 It is a typical power distribution architecture for energy storage systems in existing data centers. By modifying the backup battery of the terminal UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply), increasing the capacity of the backup battery, and making it have the dual functions of energy storage and backup, when the energy storage backup battery system operates normally, it can balance the grid load by shaving peaks and filling valleys (i.e. storing electricity during valley power and discharging during peak power) through the energy storage mode. When a terminal failure occurs, the energy storage backup battery system can be used as a backup power supply to provide short-term emergency power supply to IT loads. When the input main power supply is abnormal, it is switched to the backup diesel generator through the ATS (automatic transfer switch), so that the backup diesel generator can be used as a backup power supply to provide long-term emergency power supply to the entire system. However, since some loads are not powered by UPS, in theory, the energy storage backup battery system cannot replace the backup diesel generator.

[0004] In the above-mentioned power distribution architecture, although the energy storage backup battery system combines the functions of energy storage and backup batteries, it requires the use of multiple energy storage backup battery systems for distributed deployment. The distributed architecture makes system control complex, especially during peak shaving and valley filling operation, where unified regulation is difficult. Utility Model Content

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage system to simplify the system structure and reduce complexity.

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage system, which is applied to a data center and includes:

[0007] A first cable, wherein an input end of the first cable is used to connect to a main power supply, and an output end of the first cable is used to connect to a high-voltage bus;

[0008] a charging and discharging circuit connected to the first cable;

[0009] A battery system connected to the charging and discharging circuit; the charging and discharging circuit is used to charge and discharge the battery system;

[0010] A charge and discharge controller is connected to the charge and discharge circuit and is used to control the charge and discharge circuit.

[0011] In one embodiment, the charging and discharging circuit includes:

[0012] A second transformer connected to the first cable, the second transformer having a voltage step-up and voltage step-down function;

[0013] A bidirectional converter is connected to the second transformer, the battery system and the charge and discharge controller, and the charge and discharge controller is used to control the bidirectional converter.

[0014] In one embodiment, the charging and discharging circuit further includes:

[0015] a first transformer, connected to the first cable, for reducing voltage;

[0016] The AC / DC converter is connected to the first transformer and the battery system, and is used to convert alternating current into direct current to charge the battery system.

[0017] In one embodiment, the charging and discharging circuit further includes: a switch tube connected to the first cable and used to control the conduction and disconnection of the first cable.

[0018] In one embodiment, the charging and discharging circuit further includes: an emergency bypass connected in parallel with the switch tube and used as an emergency circuit when the switch tube fails.

[0019] In one embodiment, the emergency bypass includes a first circuit breaker, and the first circuit breaker is connected in parallel to both ends of the switch tube.

[0020] In one embodiment, the energy storage system further includes: a second circuit breaker, and the input end of the first cable is connected to a main power supply through the second circuit breaker.

[0021] In one embodiment, the energy storage system further includes: a third circuit breaker, and the output end of the first cable is connected to the high-voltage bus through the third circuit breaker.

[0022] An embodiment of the present application provides a data center, including: the energy storage system described in the above embodiment; a high-voltage bus connected to the output end of the first cable of the energy storage system; and a plurality of load modules connected to the high-voltage bus.

[0023] In one embodiment, each load module includes: a third transformer connected to the high-voltage bus; a low-voltage bus connected to the third transformer; and IT loads and refrigeration equipment connected to the low-voltage bus.

[0024] In the technical solution provided in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the battery system integrates the energy storage battery and the backup battery into one and adopts a centralized design. Compared with the distributed deployment of the energy storage backup battery at the load end and the connection of the diesel generator to the high-voltage bus, the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application can eliminate the diesel generator emergency power supply, simplify the distribution architecture of the energy storage system and the data center, and reduce the control complexity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application are briefly introduced below.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a typical power distribution architecture diagram of the existing data center application energy storage system;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the power distribution architecture of the energy storage system applied to the data center in the related technology;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an energy storage system provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the power distribution architecture of a data center provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0032] Similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] Figure 2This is the power distribution architecture for energy storage systems used in data centers in related technologies. This solution maintains the distributed architecture of the terminal UPS backup battery system, and only centrally connects the energy storage battery system to the high-voltage bus. When operating normally, the energy storage battery system is used to balance the load of the power grid by shaving peaks and filling valleys. The entire architecture does not change the terminal backup battery system and diesel generator, so the energy storage battery system does not undertake emergency power backup work. Since the energy storage battery system and the backup battery system are completely separated and deployed as two independent systems, the cost is relatively high. The energy storage battery system is in daily circulation, and the backup battery system is always in a standby state. The energy storage battery life decays quickly, but the backup battery is always in an inactivated state, resulting in capacity waste and accelerated decay. Figure 1 Compared to the architecture shown Figure 2 Combining the energy storage battery system and the backup battery system together has improved the battery utilization rate, but the distributed architecture is complex and it is difficult to uniformly control during peak shaving and valley filling operation.

[0034] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an energy storage system 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The energy storage system 10 can be applied to a data center, such as Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage system 10 includes: a first cable 11, a charge and discharge circuit 12, a battery system 13 and a charge and discharge controller 14.

[0035] Among them, the input end of the first cable 11 is used to connect the main power supply, and the output end of the first cable 11 is used to connect the high-voltage bus. The main power supply refers to the input power supply, which can be a 220V AC power supply. In one embodiment, the input end of the first cable 11 can be connected to the main power supply through a second circuit breaker. In one embodiment, the output end of the first cable 11 is connected to the high-voltage bus through a third circuit breaker, thereby providing double protection to avoid damage to the circuit due to overcurrent or short circuit. For distinction, the circuit breaker connected to the input end of the first cable 11 is called the second circuit breaker, and the circuit breaker connected to the output end of the first cable 11 is called the third circuit breaker.

[0036] It should be noted that the high-voltage bus and the low-voltage bus in the embodiment of the present application represent the relative high and low voltages, and do not represent specific voltage values. The voltage transmitted by the high-voltage bus is higher than the voltage transmitted by the low-voltage bus, and the low-voltage bus is used to transmit low-voltage electrical energy and distribute it to each load terminal.

[0037] The charge and discharge circuit 12 is connected to the first cable 11, and is used to charge and discharge the battery system 13. For example, according to the time of peak and valley electricity, the battery system 13 is discharged during the peak period and charged during the valley period, so as to reasonably utilize the electric energy. For example, the battery system 13 can also be discharged when the main power supply is cut off, so as to replace the emergency backup function of the backup battery system and the diesel generator.

[0038] The battery system 13 is connected to the charging and discharging circuit 12, and the battery system 13 integrates the functions of energy storage and emergency backup power. The charging and discharging controller 14 is connected to the charging and discharging circuit 12, and is used to control the charging and discharging circuit 12. For example, the charging and discharging controller 14 may include a timer, and when the timer counts to the peak power, the discharge circuit in the charging and discharging circuit 12 is controlled to be turned on, and when the timer counts to the valley power, the charging circuit of the charging and discharging circuit 12 is controlled to be turned on. For example, the charging and discharging controller 14 may also include a voltage detector, which outputs a high level or a low level to the charging and discharging circuit 12 by detecting whether there is a voltage input to the main power supply, so as to realize the switching of charging and discharging. The charging and discharging controller 14 of the present application can be implemented by a hardware circuit or a software chip, but the present application does not involve the improvement of the control program of the charging and discharging controller 14. Even if the control program is involved, the existing program can be used. The main improvement of the present application is to change the backup battery system from distributed to centralized, and integrate it with the energy storage battery system, cancel the UPS backup battery system configured in the original power distribution architecture, thereby improving the battery utilization rate while simplifying the power distribution architecture.

[0039] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an energy storage system 10 provided in another embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the charging and discharging circuit 12 includes: a second transformer and a bidirectional converter.

[0040] The second transformer is connected to the first cable 11, and the second transformer has the function of stepping up and stepping down. The bidirectional converter is connected to the second transformer, the battery system 13 and the charge and discharge controller 14, and the charge and discharge controller 14 is used to control the bidirectional converter.

[0041] It should be noted that the second transformer is used to boost the voltage when the battery system 13 is discharged, and to increase the low voltage to a high voltage and transmit it to the first cable 11. The second transformer can also be used in reverse, as a transformer of the charging circuit, to convert the high voltage into a low voltage and transmit it to the bidirectional converter to charge the battery system 13.

[0042] The bidirectional converter can be used when the battery system 13 is discharged to invert DC to AC. It can also be combined with a second transformer to invert AC to DC for use as a charging circuit. The switching of the bidirectional converter can be controlled by the charge and discharge controller 14. The bidirectional converter can be a PCS (energy storage converter).

[0043] In one embodiment, the charging and discharging circuit 12 further includes: a first transformer and an AC / DC (alternating current / direct current) converter. The first transformer is connected to the first cable 11 and is used to reduce the voltage during the charging stage; the AC / DC converter is connected to the first transformer and the battery system 13 and is used to convert alternating current into direct current to charge the battery system 13.

[0044] For safety reasons, the charging circuit or the discharging circuit can be set up independently, with the first transformer and the AC / DC converter serving as the charging circuit, and the second transformer and the bidirectional converter serving as the discharging circuit. The second transformer and the bidirectional converter are only used as the charging circuit in special scenarios, such as when the first transformer fails or the AC / DC converter fails.

[0045] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the charging and discharging circuit 12 further includes: a switch tube. The switch tube is connected to the first cable 11 and is used to control the conduction and disconnection of the first cable 11. For example, the switch tube can be an SCR (silicon controlled rectifier).

[0046] In one embodiment, the charging and discharging circuit 12 may further include: an emergency bypass, connected in parallel with the switch tube, for use as an emergency circuit when the switch tube fails. In one embodiment, the emergency bypass includes a first circuit breaker, which is connected in parallel at both ends of the switch tube. For the purpose of distinction, the circuit breaker in the emergency bypass is referred to as the first circuit breaker.

[0047] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a power distribution architecture of a data center provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the data center includes: the energy storage system 10 described in the above embodiment, a high-voltage bus and a plurality of load modules 15.

[0048] The high-voltage bus is connected to the output end of the first cable 11 of the energy storage system 10 , and a plurality of load modules 15 are connected to the high-voltage bus.

[0049] Each load module 15 includes: a third transformer 151, a low-voltage bus, an IT load and a refrigeration device. Specifically, the third transformer 151 is connected to the high-voltage bus and the low-voltage bus. The IT load and the refrigeration device are connected to the low-voltage bus. The IT load can be a computer, a server, etc. The refrigeration device can include a liquid cooling device, an air cooling device, etc.

[0050] In normal operation, electric energy is input from the input end of the first cable 11, and output to the output end of the first cable 11 through the switch tube to power IT loads and refrigeration equipment. When the energy storage system 10 is charging, the battery system 13 is charged through the first transformer and the AC / DC converter. When the energy storage system 10 is discharging, it is discharged through the bidirectional converter and the second transformer to power IT loads and refrigeration equipment.

[0051] When the first transformer or AC / DC converter fails, the battery system 13 is charged through the second transformer and the bidirectional converter. When the input main power supply is abnormal, it is discharged through the bidirectional converter and the second transformer to power the IT load and the refrigeration equipment. When the switch tube fails, it switches to emergency bypass operation. According to needs, the electricity cost factor can be ignored at this time, and the energy storage system 10 can no longer operate daily peak shaving and valley filling.

[0052] It should be noted that in the related art, the energy storage battery system adopts a centralized design access, and the backup battery system adopts a distributed access. The energy storage battery system is cycled daily, and the backup battery system is always in a standby state. The energy storage battery life decays quickly, but the backup battery is always in an unactivated state, resulting in capacity waste and accelerated decay. Compared with this solution, the present application adopts a centralized design to integrate the energy storage battery system and the backup battery system (i.e., the battery system 13). During daily operation, the battery system 13 is shallowly discharged to extend the cycle life of the battery system 13.

[0053] The existing technology has achieved the integration of energy storage batteries and backup batteries, but it adopts a distributed architecture deployment, the system control is complex, and it is difficult to uniformly control during peak shaving and valley filling operation; the present application adopts a centralized design, which is controlled by the charge and discharge controller 14, and the control logic is simple and more reliable.

[0054] In addition, the prior art adopts a distributed architecture design. Considering the importance and cost of the load, some loads are not equipped with UPS uninterruptible power supply and backup battery system, so the diesel generator emergency power supply system cannot be cancelled. Since the energy storage system 10 of the present application adopts a centralized design, it will achieve uninterruptible power supply to all loads, so the diesel generator emergency power supply system can be cancelled, making the distribution architecture simpler and reducing complexity.

[0055] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, characterized in that: The energy storage system is applied to a data center, and the energy storage system comprises: A first cable, wherein an input end of the first cable is used to connect to a main power supply, and an output end of the first cable is used to connect to a high-voltage bus; a charging and discharging circuit connected to the first cable; A battery system connected to the charging and discharging circuit; the charging and discharging circuit is used to charge and discharge the battery system; A charge and discharge controller is connected to the charge and discharge circuit and is used to control the charge and discharge circuit.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging and discharging circuit comprises: A second transformer connected to the first cable, the second transformer having a voltage step-up and voltage step-down function; A bidirectional converter is connected to the second transformer, the battery system and the charge and discharge controller, and the charge and discharge controller is used to control the bidirectional converter.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The charging and discharging circuit further comprises: a first transformer, connected to the first cable, for reducing voltage; The AC / DC converter is connected to the first transformer and the battery system, and is used to convert alternating current into direct current to charge the battery system.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging and discharging circuit further comprises: A switch tube is connected to the first cable and is used to control the conduction and disconnection of the first cable.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The charging and discharging circuit further comprises: The emergency bypass is connected in parallel with the switch tube and is used as an emergency circuit when the switch tube fails.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The emergency bypass includes a first circuit breaker, and the first circuit breaker is connected in parallel to both ends of the switch tube.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A second circuit breaker, the input end of the first cable is connected to a main power source through the second circuit breaker.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A third circuit breaker, the output end of the first cable is connected to the high-voltage busbar through the third circuit breaker.

9. A data center, characterized in that: include: The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8; A high-voltage busbar connected to an output end of a first cable of the energy storage system; A plurality of load modules are connected to the high voltage bus.

10. The data center according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each load module includes: A third transformer connected to the high voltage bus; A low voltage busbar connected to the third transformer; IT loads and cooling equipment are connected to the low-voltage bus.

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