Maintenance-free, pressure-regulation-free and impact-preventing retarder

Abstract

The utility model relates to a retarder, in particular to a maintenance-free, pressure-regulation-free and impact-preventing retarder, and aims to solve the problems that the maintenance operation of the conventional retarder in an overhaul period is completed manually, the maintenance period is long, and the workload of maintenance personnel of the retarder is reduced. The pressure valve inner spring and the pressure valve outer spring are coaxially arranged in the spring containing groove, the pressure valve rod is vertically arranged in the piston head, the bottom end of the piston is connected with the impact stopping base, the pressure valve seat is sleeved with the speed valve plate and the speed valve spring, and the outer circle face of the piston head is sleeved with the supporting ring. The return stroke valve plate is arranged on the piston between the piston head and the sealing cover in a sleeving mode, the self-lubricating bush is arranged at the opening end of the top of the self-lubricating dustproof shell in an embedded mode, a self-lubricating dustproof ring is arranged at the top of the self-lubricating bush, and the sliding oil cylinder is arranged at the opening end of the top of the self-lubricating dustproof shell in a sliding and sealing mode. And the punching stopping seat is clamped at the bottom end of the self-lubricating dustproof shell through the punching stopping pin. The utility model belongs to the technical field of parking retarder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a deceleration top, in particular to a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free and impact-preventing deceleration top. The utility model belongs to the technical field of parking deceleration tops. Background Art

[0002] The sealing life of the existing TDJ speed reducer in one maintenance cycle is 150,000 rolling rounds or 6 months. The speed reducer is widely used in railway marshalling yards as a hydraulic speed regulating device for shunting in railway marshalling yards. When the speed reducer is used for a certain period of time or reaches a certain number of rolling times, it is necessary to perform outdoor maintenance on the speed reducer. At the same time, the heavy equipment, large temperature difference in the environment, large dust or sludge also bring many difficulties to the lubrication of the speed reducer. Traditional speed reducers do not have a better way to solve this problem. The speed reducer is a hydraulic nitrogen filling equipment. After exceeding the maintenance cycle, oil and gas leakage will occur. The daily maintenance and repair volume is relatively large, and the cost of hydraulic oil and seals consumed in each maintenance is high. At present, the daily and overhaul maintenance operations of the speed reducer are mainly completed manually, and the maintenance cycle is long. In order to reduce the workload of the speed reducer maintenance personnel, it is necessary to provide a maintenance-free speed reducer. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the problem that the maintenance work of the current speed reducer during the overhaul period is completed manually, the maintenance cycle is long, and the workload of the speed reducer maintenance personnel is reduced, thereby providing a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free and anti-impact speed reducer.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is:

[0005] A maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, impact-proof speed reducer, comprising a pressure valve seat, a speed valve plate, a speed valve spring, a support ring, a piston head, a return valve plate, a piston, an impact-stop seat, a pressure valve stem, a pressure valve inner spring, a pressure valve outer spring, a sealing cover, a cylindrical pin, a sliding oil cylinder, a self-lubricating bushing, an impact-stop pin, a self-lubricating dustproof ring and a self-lubricating dustproof housing;

[0006] The top of the piston is processed with a spring placement groove, the pressure valve inner spring and the pressure valve outer spring are coaxially arranged in the spring placement groove, the top of the pressure valve inner spring is pressed on the bottom end of the pressure valve stem, the pressure valve stem is vertically arranged in the piston head, the piston head and the piston are integrally formed, the bottom end of the piston is connected to the stop seat through a cylindrical pin, the speed valve plate and the speed valve spring are sequentially sleeved on the pressure valve seat from top to bottom, the top of the speed valve spring is pressed on the bottom end surface of the speed valve plate, the bottom end of the speed valve spring is pressed on the piston head, the pressure valve seat is located above the pressure valve stem and is coaxially arranged with the pressure valve stem, the support ring is sleeved on the outer cylindrical surface of the piston head, the return valve plate is sleeved on the piston between the piston head and the sealing cover, the sliding cylinder buckle is arranged on the outside of the pressure valve seat and the sealing cover, the self-lubricating bushing embedded pile is arranged at the open end of the top of the self-lubricating dustproof housing, and the self-lubricating bushing is provided with a self-lubricating dustproof ring at the top, the sliding seal of the sliding cylinder is arranged on the open end of the top of the self-lubricating dustproof housing, and the stop seat is clamped on the bottom end of the self-lubricating dustproof housing through the stop pin.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes two stud bolts, two nuts and a stop washer; the top outer wall of the self-lubricating dustproof shell is threadedly connected to the two stud bolts, the stop washer is sleeved on the two stud bolts, and each stud bolt is threadedly connected to a nut, and the self-lubricating dustproof shell is fixed to the rail by the two stud bolts and two nuts.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a piston ring, a valve plate retaining ring, a second sealing ring, a sealing ring and two first sealing rings. The valve plate retaining ring is arranged on the piston head between the return valve plate and the sealing cover. The piston head is externally sleeved with a piston ring. The sealing cover is externally sleeved with two first sealing rings. The second sealing ring and the sealing ring are embedded between the inner side wall of the sealing cover and the piston.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a flat washer and an adjustment washer; the flat washer is arranged in a spring placement groove below the pressure valve inner spring and the pressure valve outer spring, and the adjustment washer is arranged at the bottom end of the self-lubricating dustproof housing below the impact stop seat.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a third sealing ring, which is sleeved on the stop pin.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is vertically installed on the side wall of the self-lubricating dustproof shell.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following effects:

[0013] 1. The self-lubricating dustproof housing 31 of the present application adopts a new type of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based sealing bushing 22 and a high-performance engineering plastic dustproof ring 27 to solve the problem of short lubrication cycle of the self-lubricating dustproof housing 31. No maintenance is required in spring and autumn.

[0014] 2. Compared with the prior art, this application eliminates four pressure-regulating parts: pressure-regulating screw, lock cap, gasket, and O-ring, to avoid possible pressure changes after long-term use. The opening pressure of the pressure valve is directly adjusted at the factory to avoid misoperation by on-site workers during maintenance. In addition, the bottom of the piston rod in this application is a solid rod.

[0015] 3. This application conducts comparative tests on various long-lasting hydraulic oils to find hydraulic oil suitable for the working conditions of the reduction top, to ensure that no deterioration or expansion that endangers transportation safety will occur during the three and a half years of maintenance cycle, and to determine the hydraulic oil specifically for the reduction top so that it has better anti-shear and anti-oxidation capabilities, thereby increasing its service life and extending its use cycle.

[0016] 4. In order to prevent the cylindrical pin from falling and the impact stop from failing, this application adds a welding process. The previous welding method was to drill through the inner hole of the impact stop seat and then weld the lower end. Now the welding position is changed, and the welding point is at the gap between the joints at both ends of the cylindrical pin to make the welding more firm.

[0017] 5. Compared with the prior art, the present application replaces the material of the support ring by adding elements such as Sn, Al, Mn, Pb or Si to brass to form tin brass, making the support ring more corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant and friction-reducing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the internal parts of the retarder of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the self-lubricating dustproof housing 31 of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a working schematic diagram when the vehicle's rolling speed is lower than the critical speed set by the deceleration top;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a working schematic diagram when the vehicle's rolling speed is higher than the critical speed set by the deceleration top;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the deceleration top working when the wheel passes the highest point of the sliding cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 3 The present embodiment is described. The present embodiment is a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, impact-proof speed reducer, which includes a pressure valve seat 1, a speed valve plate 2, a speed valve spring 3, a support ring 4, a piston head 5, a return valve plate 6, a piston 12, an impact stop seat 13, a pressure valve stem 15, a pressure valve inner spring 16, a pressure valve outer spring 17, a sealing cover 18, a cylindrical pin 19, a sliding cylinder 20, a self-lubricating bushing 22, an impact stop pin 25, a self-lubricating dust ring 27 and a self-lubricating dust shell 31;

[0026] A spring placement groove is processed at the top of the piston 12, and the pressure valve inner spring 16 and the pressure valve outer spring 17 are coaxially arranged in the spring placement groove. The top of the pressure valve inner spring 16 is pressed against the bottom end of the pressure valve stem 15. The pressure valve stem 15 is vertically arranged in the piston head 5. The piston head 5 is located above the piston 12. The piston head 5 and the piston 12 are integrally formed. The bottom end of the piston 12 is connected to the impact stop seat 13 through a cylindrical pin 19. The speed valve plate 2 and the speed valve spring 3 are sequentially sleeved on the pressure valve seat 1 from top to bottom. The top of the speed valve spring 3 is pressed against the bottom end surface of the speed valve plate 2, and the bottom end of the speed valve spring 3 is pressed against the piston head 5. The pressure valve seat 1 is located above the pressure valve stem 15 and is coaxially arranged with the pressure valve stem 15, the support ring 4 is sleeved on the outer cylindrical surface of the piston head 5, the return valve plate 6 is sleeved on the piston 12 between the piston head 5 and the sealing cover 18, the sliding cylinder 20 is buckled on the outside of the pressure valve seat 1 and the sealing cover 18, the self-lubricating bushing 22 is embedded in the open end of the top of the self-lubricating dustproof shell 31, and the top of the self-lubricating bushing 22 is provided with a self-lubricating dustproof ring 27, the sliding seal of the sliding cylinder 20 is set on the open end of the top of the self-lubricating dustproof shell 31, and the stop seat 13 is clamped on the bottom end of the self-lubricating dustproof shell 31 through the stop pin 25.

[0027] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, anti-impact deceleration top, which also includes two stud bolts 28, two nuts 29 and a stop pad 30; the top outer wall of the self-lubricating dustproof housing 31 is threadedly connected to the two stud bolts 28, the stop pad 30 is sleeved on the two stud bolts 28, and each stud bolt 28 is threadedly connected to a nut 29, and the self-lubricating dustproof housing 31 is fixed to the rail through the two stud bolts 28 and the two nuts 29. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the specific embodiment 1.

[0028] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, anti-impact deceleration top. It also includes a piston ring, a valve plate retaining ring 7, a second sealing ring 9, a sealing ring 10 and two first sealing rings 8. The valve plate retaining ring 7 is arranged on the piston head 5 between the return valve plate 6 and the sealing cover 18. The piston head 5 is sleeved with a piston ring on the outside. The sealing cover 18 is sleeved with two first sealing rings 8 on the outside. The second sealing ring 9 and the sealing ring 10 are embedded and arranged between the inner side wall of the sealing cover 18 and the piston 12. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the second embodiment.

[0029] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment is described as a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, anti-collision deceleration top, which also includes a flat washer 11 and an adjustment washer 14; the flat washer 11 is arranged in a spring placement groove below the pressure valve inner spring 16 and the pressure valve outer spring 17, and the adjustment washer 14 is arranged at the bottom end of the self-lubricating dustproof housing 31 below the anti-collision seat 13. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0030] In this embodiment, the upper spring steel 3-4 and the lower spring steel 3-5 have the characteristics of easy deformation and high strength. The easy deformation can maintain its curvature in different postures, which can prevent the bullet from getting stuck when its shape changes to a certain extent. The high strength can resist the effect of projectile extrusion to a certain extent, thereby increasing the service life of the mechanism.

[0031] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment is described as a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, anti-collision deceleration top. It also includes a third sealing ring 26, which is sleeved on the anti-collision pin 25. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0032] Specific implementation method six: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3This embodiment is described as a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, anti-impact deceleration top, which also includes an exhaust pipe 21, and the exhaust pipe 21 is vertically installed on the side wall of the self-lubricating dustproof housing 31. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the specific embodiment five.

[0033] How it works

[0034] When the speed of this application deceleration top is lower than the critical speed; Figure 4 Shown

[0035] When the vehicle's slipping speed is lower than the critical speed set by the deceleration top, the speed at which the sliding cylinder is pressed down by the wheel is relatively low, and the flow rate generated in the upper chamber is small. The flow rate flowing through the annular gap of the speed valve to the lower chamber can only produce a small pressure difference. The hydraulic pressure on the speed valve plate is not enough to overcome the pre-pressure of the support spring, so the speed valve remains open. At the same time, since the piston rod of the lower chamber occupies a certain volume, the oil in the upper chamber cannot be completely accommodated by the lower chamber, and the excess oil forces the nitrogen to be compressed. Since the resistance generated by the oil flowing through the speed valve is small, the deceleration top basically does not slow down the vehicle.

[0036] When the speed of this application deceleration top is higher than the critical speed; Figure 5 Shown

[0037] When the vehicle's slipping speed is higher than the critical speed set by the deceleration top, the speed at which the sliding cylinder is pressed down by the wheel is relatively high, and the flow generated in the upper chamber is relatively large. The flow flowing to the lower chamber through the annular gap of the speed valve can produce a large pressure difference, and the liquid pressure on the speed valve plate is sufficient to overcome the force of the supporting spring, forcing the speed valve to close quickly. The entire flow generated by the sliding cylinder continuing to slide down forces the nitrogen in the upper chamber to be compressed sharply, causing the pressure to rise rapidly until the pressure valve is opened. At this time, the oil flows to the lower chamber through the pressure valve at a certain pressure and consumes energy, so the deceleration top has a deceleration effect on the vehicle.

[0038] This application decelerates the return trip; if Figure 6 Shown

[0039] When the wheel passes the highest point of the sliding cylinder, the sliding cylinder rises upward due to the expansion of the compressed nitrogen in the upper chamber. The oil in the lower chamber returns to the upper chamber through the flow hole of the piston rod, and at the same time drives the return valve plate to the lower end surface of the piston to block the hole and act as a damper, so that the sliding cylinder rises slowly.

[0040] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described here, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, impact-proof deceleration top, characterized by: It comprises a pressure valve seat (1), a speed valve plate (2), a speed valve spring (3), a support ring (4), a piston head (5), a return valve plate (6), a piston (12), a stop seat (13), a pressure valve stem (15), a pressure valve inner spring (16), a pressure valve outer spring (17), a sealing cover (18), a cylindrical pin (19), a sliding cylinder (20), a self-lubricating bushing (22), a stop pin (25), a self-lubricating dustproof ring (27) and a self-lubricating dustproof housing (31); The top of the piston (12) is processed with a spring placement groove, the pressure valve inner spring (16) and the pressure valve outer spring (17) are coaxially arranged in the spring placement groove, the top of the pressure valve inner spring (16) is pressed against the bottom of the pressure valve stem (15), the pressure valve stem (15) is vertically arranged in the piston head (5), the piston head (5) and the piston (12) are integrally formed, the bottom of the piston (12) is connected to the impact stop seat (13) through a cylindrical pin (19), the speed valve plate (2) and the speed valve spring (3) are sequentially sleeved on the pressure valve seat (1) from top to bottom, the top of the speed valve spring (3) is pressed against the bottom end surface of the speed valve plate (2), the bottom of the speed valve spring (3) is pressed against the piston head (5), and the pressure valve seat (1) is located The support ring (4) is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the piston head (5), the return valve plate (6) is sleeved on the piston (12) between the piston head (5) and the sealing cover (18), the sliding cylinder (20) is buckled on the outside of the pressure valve seat (1) and the sealing cover (18), the self-lubricating bushing (22) is embedded in the open end of the top of the self-lubricating dustproof shell (31), and the top of the self-lubricating bushing (22) is provided with a self-lubricating dustproof ring (27), the sliding seal of the sliding cylinder (20) is arranged on the open end of the top of the self-lubricating dustproof shell (31), and the stop seat (13) is clamped on the bottom end of the self-lubricating dustproof shell (31) through the stop pin (25).

2. According to claim 1, a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, impact-proof deceleration top, characterized in that: The self-lubricating dustproof housing (31) further comprises two stud bolts (28), two nuts (29) and a stop washer (30); the top outer wall of the self-lubricating dustproof housing (31) is threadedly connected to the two stud bolts (28); the stop washer (30) is sleeved on the two stud bolts (28); and each stud bolt (28) is threadedly connected to a nut (29); the self-lubricating dustproof housing (31) is fixed to the rail by the two stud bolts (28) and the two nuts (29).

3. According to claim 1, a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, impact-proof deceleration top, characterized in that: It also includes a piston ring, a valve plate retaining ring (7), a second sealing ring (9), a sealing ring (10) and two first sealing rings (8); the valve plate retaining ring (7) is arranged on the piston head (5) between the return valve plate (6) and the sealing cover (18); the piston ring is sleeved on the outside of the piston head (5); the two first sealing rings (8) are sleeved on the outside of the sealing cover (18); the second sealing ring (9) and the sealing ring (10) are embedded between the inner side wall of the sealing cover (18) and the piston (12).

4. According to claim 1, a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, impact-proof deceleration top, characterized in that: It also includes a flat washer (11) and an adjusting washer (14); the flat washer (11) is arranged in a spring placement groove below the pressure valve inner spring (16) and the pressure valve outer spring (17), and the adjusting washer (14) is arranged at the bottom end of the self-lubricating dustproof housing (31) below the impact stop seat (13).

5. According to claim 1, a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, impact-proof deceleration top, characterized in that: It also includes a third sealing ring (26), which is sleeved on the stop pin (25).

6. According to claim 1, a maintenance-free, pressure-adjustment-free, impact-proof deceleration top, characterized in that: It also includes an exhaust pipe (21), and the exhaust pipe (21) is vertically mounted on the side wall of the self-lubricating dustproof housing (31).

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