Circularly polarized array antenna

Abstract

The utility model provides a circular polarization array antenna, which comprises at least one radiation source and an antenna substrate, the radiation source is carried on the antenna substrate, the radiation source is arranged in a multi-element radiation element form and comprises at least two radiation elements, and the radiation source is arranged on the antenna substrate. The radiation elements are circularly polarized, the radiation elements of the same radiation source are fed by excitation signals with phase differences, and the radiation elements of the same radiation source are arranged to meet the condition that the physical center points of the radiation elements are located on or tend to be on the circumference of a circle; wherein the distance between the center of the circle and the physical center point of each radiation element is less than or equal to 3 lambda / 4 in an error range of + / -15%, so that the overall circular polarization characteristic of the radiation source is improved, the synthesis of wave beams formed by each radiation element is facilitated, the overall wave beam of the radiation source tends to be circular, and the radiation effect of the radiation source is improved. And the gain of the circularly polarized array antenna is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of microwave detection, in particular to a circular polarization array antenna. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are essential components of wireless communication technology and are widely used in production, life, and military, such as satellite communication systems, satellite navigation systems, remote control systems, and common wireless devices such as RFID, WIFI, and Bluetooth. They are used to transmit and / or receive electromagnetic waves and have radiation directivity, polarization, and other index characteristics. Specifically, the polarization of an antenna is the parameter of the vector space pointing direction of the electromagnetic field radiated by the antenna. Generally, the direction of change of the electric field is the polarization direction of the antenna. According to the direction of change of the electric field, the polarization of the antenna can be divided into: linear polarization, circular polarization, and elliptical polarization. The linearly polarized electromagnetic wave generated by a linearly polarized antenna refers to an electromagnetic wave that vibrates back and forth in one direction and propagates forward, while the circularly polarized or elliptically polarized electromagnetic wave refers to an electromagnetic wave that rotates and propagates forward along a circular or elliptical path around the propagation direction. Linear polarization is further divided into horizontal polarization and vertical polarization. The direction of the electric field vector parallel to the ground is called horizontal polarization, and the direction of the electric field vector perpendicular to the ground is called vertical polarization. When the angle between the polarization plane of the radio wave and the normal plane of the earth changes periodically from 0 to 360 degrees, that is, the electric field remains unchanged, the direction changes with time, and the trajectory of the end of the electric field vector is projected as a circle on a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction, it is called circular polarization. Circular polarization is divided into left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization. Circular polarization can be obtained when the horizontal and vertical components of the electric field have equal amplitudes and a phase difference of 90 degrees or 270 degrees.

[0003] At present, the methods for realizing circular polarization setting include: single-point feeding perturbation method, multi-point orthogonal feeding method and multi-element method. Among them, the perturbation method is to introduce a perturbation structure of appropriate size and position on a regular patch, that is, a degenerate mode separation unit, so that the interior of the patch excites two orthogonal degenerate modes with the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90°, thereby radiating circularly polarized waves in the far field. Among them, the multi-point orthogonal feeding method to realize circular polarization radiation mainly includes two-point orthogonal feeding and four-point feeding. The two-point orthogonal feeding method can excite a pair of degenerate modes with orthogonal polarizations. Among them, circularly polarized radiation can also be formed by using multiple linearly polarized radiating elements, as shown in the following example. Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown, the structure of an existing circularly polarized antenna using a multi-element radiating element to realize circular polarization setting and the corresponding radiation pattern are schematically shown, wherein the circularly polarized antenna 10P is set in the form of a multi-element radiating element and has a plurality of radiating elements 11P, and the plurality of radiating elements 11P emit beams to form circular polarization in space, and based on the array setting of the plurality of radiating elements 11P, the radiation gain of the circularly polarized antenna 10P in the directional radiation direction is improved, however, referring to Figure 1BAs shown, when the linearly polarized waves generated by multiple radiating elements 11P are synthesized into circular polarization, a circular sensing area cannot be achieved. Since the circularly polarized antenna 10P only forms circular polarization in space, there is no circularly polarized current on the radiating element 11P. The linearly polarized beams emitted by each radiating element 11P, when the circularly polarized antenna 10P is accommodated in a corresponding shell, the linearly polarized waves are likely to cause uneven energy on the radiation beam surface after passing through the shell and other media. That is to say, although the circularly polarized antenna 10P that uses multiple radiating elements to achieve circular polarization can improve the gain in the directional radiation direction, when the circularly polarized antenna 10P is accommodated in the corresponding shell, it is also easily affected by the medium environment, and the radiation beam surface energy is uneven, which affects the reliability of the detection result. Utility Model Content

[0004] One object of the present utility model is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna includes a radiation source arranged in the form of a multi-element radiation element, so as to improve the gain of the circularly polarized array antenna in a directional radiation direction based on the design of the multi-element radiation element array.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna can improve the gain in the directional radiation direction while also having excellent circular polarization characteristics and can generate a detection beam tending to be circular.

[0006] Another object of the present utility model is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna emits a circularly polarized detection beam at each of the radiating elements, thereby helping to improve the beam penetration of the circularly polarized array antenna, thereby helping to avoid the operation of the circularly polarized array antenna being affected by the corresponding shell and installation area, and improving the reliability of the detection results of the circularly polarized array antenna.

[0007] Another object of the present utility model is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna includes at least one radiation source, and the radiation source is arranged in the form of a multi-element radiation element and includes at least two radiation elements, each of the radiation elements transmits a circularly polarized detection beam in a circularly polarized manner when being fed, and / or receives a reflected echo formed by the circularly polarized detection beam being reflected by a corresponding object, so that each of the radiation elements is circularly polarized, wherein each of the radiation elements of the same radiation source is fed by an excitation signal with a phase difference, so that while a single radiation element is circularly polarized, the overall circular polarization characteristics of the radiation source are improved based on the phase difference feeding of each radiation element.

[0008] Another object of the utility model is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the radiating element includes a feeding point and at least one degenerate mode separation unit, wherein the feeding point is offset from the physical center of the radiating element, wherein the degenerate mode separation unit is integrally formed on the radiating element, wherein when the radiating element is fed at the feeding point, the radiating element can generate two degenerate modes with orthogonal polarizations, wherein the degenerate mode separation unit is used to separate the resonant frequencies of the two degenerate modes with orthogonal polarizations to form a phase difference of 90° between the two orthogonal degenerate modes, so that when the radiating element is fed at the feeding point, the radiating element transmits the circularly polarized detection signal in a circularly polarized manner. Beam, that is, when the radiating element is fed, a circularly polarized current can be generated on the radiating element to emit a circularly polarized beam. Then, when the circularly polarized array antenna is accommodated in a corresponding shell, the energy of the circularly polarized beam can still be radiated and diffused normally after breaking through the environmental constraints of the shell, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the energy on the radiation beam surface of the circularly polarized array antenna, so that the circularly polarized array antenna can generate a detection beam tending to be circular, thereby ensuring the reliability of the detection result of the circularly polarized array antenna, overcoming the influence of the shell, etc. on the radiation of the circularly polarized array antenna, and being suitable for application scenarios such as breathing detection and sleep detection that have high requirements on detection sensitivity, accuracy and reliability.

[0009] Another object of the present utility model is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein each radiating element of the same radiation source is fed by an excitation signal with a phase difference. Then, corresponding to the radiation source as a whole, each radiating element is fed by an excitation signal with a phase difference to realize the circular polarization setting of the radiation source. Therefore, on the basis of the circular polarization setting of each radiating element, the circular polarization characteristics of the circularly polarized array antenna as a whole are further improved based on the phase difference feeding of each radiating element.

[0010] Another object of the present utility model is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the radiation elements of the same radiation source constitute an array radiation element, thereby improving the radiation gain of the circularly polarized array antenna based on the array arrangement of multiple radiation elements, so as to improve the detection range of the circularly polarized array antenna, improve the coverage of the target detection area, and make the circularly polarized array antenna suitable for use in application scenarios with high requirements on detection distance, such as high installation.

[0011] Another object of the present utility model is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna includes an antenna substrate, wherein the radiation source is carried on the antenna substrate, wherein the radiation elements of the same radiation source are arranged close to each other, and the feeding network of the same radiation source is arranged between the radiation elements, thereby facilitating controlling the occupied area of ​​the radiation source and facilitating the miniaturization of the circularly polarized array antenna.

[0012] Another object of the utility model is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the arrangement of the radiating elements of the same radiation source satisfies that the physical center point of each radiating element is located on or tends to be on the circumference of a circle, wherein the distance between the center of the circle and the physical center point of each radiating element is less than or equal to 3λ / 4 within an error range of ±15%, wherein λ is a wavelength parameter corresponding to the frequency of the excitation signal, so as to further enhance the circular polarization characteristics of the radiation source based on the setting of each radiating element on the basis of forming circular polarization based on the circular polarization setting of each radiating element, and facilitate the synthesis of the beam formed by each radiating element, so that the overall beam of the radiation source tends to be circular, and the gain of the circularly polarized array antenna is improved.

[0013] Another object of the present utility model is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the radiating elements are circularly polarized in a rectangular basic form, and the distance between any two adjacent radiating elements of the same radiation source is smaller than the side length of the rectangle, so as to ensure the gain of the circularly polarized array antenna while ensuring that the circularly polarized array antenna has a larger beam angle and is miniaturized based on the distance setting between any two adjacent radiating elements.

[0014] Another object of the present utility model is to provide a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the radiating element is preferably grounded at its physical center point, so as to improve the anti-interference performance of the circularly polarized array antenna based on the grounding setting of the zero potential point of the radiating element, and reduce the requirements for dimensional accuracy of the circularly polarized array antenna during mass production, enhance the production tolerance of the circularly polarized array antenna, and ensure product performance consistency.

[0015] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna comprises:

[0016] an antenna substrate;

[0017] At least one radiation source, wherein the radiation source is carried on the antenna substrate, the radiation source is arranged in the form of a multi-element radiation element and includes at least two radiation elements, wherein the radiation element is circularly polarized in the form of a single feeding point, wherein the radiation source includes a feeding end and at least two transmission lines corresponding to the number of the radiation elements, wherein each of the transmission lines is electrically connected to each of the radiation elements and the feeding end respectively and has a length difference, wherein the arrangement of each of the radiation elements of the same radiation source satisfies that the physical center point of each of the radiation elements is located on or tends to be on the circumference of a circle, wherein the distance between the center of the circle and the physical center point of each of the radiation elements is less than or equal to 3λ / 4 within an error range of ±15%, wherein λ is a wavelength parameter corresponding to the frequency of the excitation signal.

[0018] In one embodiment, the radiation elements are circularly polarized in a rectangular basic form, and the distance between any two adjacent radiation elements of the same radiation source is smaller than the side length of the rectangle.

[0019] In one embodiment, the same radiation source transmits a circularly polarized detection beam in a fed state, and receives a reflected echo formed when the circularly polarized detection beam is reflected by a corresponding object, and is configured to be a transmitting and receiving integrated device.

[0020] In one embodiment, the circularly polarized array antenna includes a microwave chip, wherein the microwave chip includes a combined transceiver port, the combined transceiver port is electrically connected to the feeding end, and the microwave chip feeds the radiation source at the combined transceiver port and receives an echo signal from the radiation source.

[0021] In one embodiment, the circularly polarized array antenna includes a microwave chip and a 3dB bridge, wherein the microwave chip includes a RF output port and an input port, wherein the 3dB bridge has an input port, an isolation port, a coupling port and a through port, wherein the input port is electrically connected to the RF output port, the isolation port is electrically connected to the input port, and the through port is electrically connected to the feeding end.

[0022] In one embodiment, the antenna substrate carries at least two radiation sources, wherein each of the radiation sources emits a circularly polarized detection beam by at least one of the radiation sources being transmitted and fed, and receives a reflected echo formed by the circularly polarized detection beam being reflected by a corresponding object at the other radiation sources.

[0023] In one embodiment, the circularly polarized array antenna includes a microwave chip, wherein the microwave chip includes a radio frequency output port and an input port, wherein the radio frequency output port is electrically connected to the radiation source that is transmitted and fed, and the input port is electrically connected to the radiation source that receives the reflected echo.

[0024] In one embodiment, the same radiation source includes four radiation elements and four transmission lines corresponding to the number of the radiation elements, and the length difference of the four transmission lines satisfies that the phase difference of the excitation signal transmitted to the radiation element by two adjacent transmission lines in the clockwise / counterclockwise direction tends to 90°.

[0025] In one embodiment, the four radiation elements of the same radiation source are arranged in a 2 by 2 matrix form, and the four radiation elements are named as an upper left radiation element, an upper right radiation element, a lower right radiation element and a lower left radiation element in a clockwise direction from left to right, wherein the antenna substrate carries two radiation sources, and the two radiation sources are arranged in a state where the upper right radiation element of one of the radiation sources is close to the upper left radiation element of the other radiation source, and the lower right radiation element of one of the radiation sources is close to the lower left radiation element of the other radiation source.

[0026] In one embodiment, in a state where the feeding point of the upper right radiating element of one of the radiation sources is biased toward the upper left radiating element of the same radiation source, the feeding point of the upper left radiating element of the other radiation source is biased toward the upper right radiating element or the lower left radiating element of the same radiation element.

[0027] In one embodiment, in a state where the feeding point of the upper right radiating element of one of the radiation sources is biased toward the lower right radiating element of the same radiation source, the feeding point of the upper left radiating element of the other radiation element is biased toward the upper right radiating element of the same radiation element.

[0028] According to another aspect of the utility model, the utility model provides a circularly polarized array antenna, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna comprises:

[0029] an antenna substrate;

[0030] At least one radiation source, wherein the radiation source is carried on the antenna substrate, the radiation source is arranged in the form of a multi-element radiation element and includes at least two radiation elements, wherein the radiation elements are circularly polarized in a multi-point feeding structure, wherein the radiation source includes a feeding end and at least two transmission lines corresponding to the number of the radiation elements, wherein each of the transmission lines is electrically connected to each of the radiation elements and the feeding end respectively and has a length difference, wherein the arrangement of each of the radiation elements of the same radiation source satisfies that the physical center point of each of the radiation elements is located on or tends to be on the circumference of a circle, wherein the distance between the center of the circle and the physical center point of each of the radiation elements is less than or equal to 3λ / 4 within an error range of ±15%, wherein λ is a wavelength parameter corresponding to the frequency of the excitation signal.

[0031] Through understanding of the following description and drawings, further objects and advantages of the present utility model will be fully reflected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1A The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of an existing circularly polarized antenna which adopts a multi-element radiating element to realize a circular polarization setting.

[0033] Figure 1B For the corresponding Figure 1A The radiation pattern of the circularly polarized antenna is shown.

[0034] Figure 1C For the corresponding Figure 1A The two-dimensional radiation pattern of the circularly polarized antenna is shown.

[0035] Figure 2A FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2B Schematic diagram of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2C 2. The two-dimensional radiation pattern of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the feeding structure of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the utility model.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a deformed structure of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the present utility model.

[0040] Figure 5A It is a structural schematic diagram of the front side of the antenna substrate of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the present utility model.

[0041] Figure 5B It is a structural schematic diagram of the back side of the antenna substrate of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the present utility model.

[0042] Figure 5C Another structural schematic diagram of the back side of the antenna substrate of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the present utility model.

[0043] Fig. 6A It is a schematic diagram of a transmit-receive separation structure of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the utility model.

[0044] Figure 6B 1 is a radiation pattern of the transmit-receive separation structure of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the present utility model.

[0045] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circularly polarized array antenna with separate transmission and reception and co-rotation according to the above embodiment of the utility model.

[0046] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmit-receive separation and anti-rotation of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the present utility model.

[0047] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the antenna substrate of the transmit-receive separation structure of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the present utility model.

[0048] Fig.10 The following is a schematic diagram showing some optional structural examples of a radiating element of the circularly polarized array antenna according to the above embodiment of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following description is used to disclose the utility model so that those skilled in the art can implement the utility model. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations. The basic principles of the utility model defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the utility model.

[0050] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0051] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0052] Referring to the drawings of the specification of the utility model Figure 2A and Figure 2B, according to an embodiment of the utility model, the structure of a circularly polarized array antenna and the radiation pattern corresponding to the structure are illustrated, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna includes at least one radiation source 10 and an antenna substrate 20, wherein the radiation source 10 is carried on the antenna substrate 20, wherein the radiation source 10 is arranged in the form of a multi-element radiation element and includes at least two radiation elements 11, each of the radiation elements 11 is circularly polarized to respectively emit a circularly polarized detection beam in a circularly polarized manner in a fed state, and / or receive a reflected echo formed by the circularly polarized detection beam being reflected by a corresponding object, that is, each of the radiation elements 11 is circularly polarized, wherein each of the radiation elements 11 of the same radiation source 10 is fed by an excitation signal with a phase difference, so that while a single radiation element 11 is circularly polarized, the overall circular polarization characteristics of the radiation source 10 are improved based on the phase difference feeding of each of the radiation elements 11.

[0053] Specifically, in the utility model, each of the radiating elements 11 is circularly polarized in the form of a single feeding point, specifically, each of the radiating elements 11 includes a feeding point 111 and at least one degenerate mode separation unit 112, wherein the feeding point 111 deviates from the physical center of the radiating element 11, wherein the degenerate mode separation unit 112 is integrally formed on the radiating element 11, wherein when the radiating element 11 is fed at the feeding point 111, the radiating element 11 can generate two degenerate modes with orthogonal polarizations, wherein the degenerate mode separation unit 112 is used to separate the resonant frequencies of the two degenerate modes with orthogonal polarizations to form a phase difference of 90° between the two orthogonal degenerate modes, so that when the radiating element 11 is fed at the feeding point When the radiating element 11 emits the circularly polarized detection beam in a circularly polarized manner, that is, when the radiating element is fed, a circularly polarized current can be generated on the radiating element 11 to emit a circularly polarized beam. Then, when the circularly polarized array antenna is accommodated in a corresponding shell, the energy of the circularly polarized beam can still be radiated and diffused normally after breaking through the environmental constraints of the shell, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the energy on the radiation beam surface of the circularly polarized array antenna, so that the circularly polarized array antenna can generate a detection beam tending to be circular, thereby ensuring the reliability of the detection result of the circularly polarized array antenna, overcoming the influence of the shell, etc. on the radiation of the circularly polarized array antenna, and being suitable for application scenarios such as breathing detection and sleep detection that have high requirements on detection sensitivity, accuracy and reliability.

[0054] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, a multi-point feeding method can be used to form a circular polarization setting for the radiating element 11. Specifically, refer to Fig.10The third column schematically shows a structure in which the radiating element 11 adopts a multi-point feeding structure and has two feeding points 111. The radiating element 11 is fed by an excitation signal with a phase difference at each feeding point 111 to realize the circular polarization setting of each radiating element 11.

[0055] It is worth mentioning that, when each of the radiation elements 11 of the same radiation source 10 is fed with an excitation signal having a phase difference, corresponding to the radiation source 10 as a whole, each of the radiation elements 11 is fed with an excitation signal having a phase difference to realize the circular polarization setting of the radiation source 10, and thus, on the basis of the circular polarization setting of each of the radiation elements 11, the circular polarization characteristics of the circular polarization array antenna as a whole are further improved based on the phase difference feeding of each of the radiation elements 11. Specifically, refer to Figure 2B As shown, the detection beam formed by the circular polarization array antenna tends to be circular, which is beneficial to ensuring the coverage of the target detection area by the circular polarization array antenna.

[0056] In particular, the radiation elements 11 of the same radiation source 10 form an array radiation element, thereby improving the radiation gain of the circular polarization array antenna based on the array arrangement of multiple radiation elements 11, so as to improve the detection range of the circular polarization array antenna and the coverage of the target detection area, so that the circular polarization array antenna is suitable for application scenarios with high detection distance requirements such as high installation. Specifically, refer to Figure 2B As shown, the circularly polarized array antenna has a radiation gain of more than 10dBi in the directional radiation direction.

[0057] Preferably, the arrangement of the radiation elements 11 of the same radiation source 10 satisfies that the physical center point 110 of each radiation element 11 is located on or tends to be on the circumference of a circle, wherein the distance between the center of the circle and the physical center point 110 of each radiation element 11 is less than or equal to 3λ / 4 within an error range of ±15%, wherein λ is a wavelength parameter corresponding to the frequency of the excitation signal, so as to further enhance the circular polarization characteristics of the radiation source 10 based on the setting of each radiation element 11 on the basis of forming circular polarization based on the circular polarization setting of each radiation element 11, and facilitate the synthesis of the beam formed by each radiation element 11, so that the overall beam of the radiation source 10 tends to be circular, and the gain of the circularly polarized array antenna is improved.

[0058] In particular, the radiation element 11 is circularly polarized in a rectangular basic form, and the distance between any two adjacent radiation elements 11 of the same radiation source 10 is less than the side length of the rectangle, so as to ensure the gain of the circularly polarized array antenna while ensuring the miniaturization of the circularly polarized array antenna based on the distance setting between any two adjacent radiation elements 11, reducing the occupied area of ​​the same radiation source 10 on the antenna substrate 20, and helping to ensure that the circularly polarized array antenna has a larger beam angle. Figure 1C and Figure 2C It can be seen that, compared with the conventional circularly polarized antenna which has a beam angle of only about 45°, the beam angle of the circularly polarized array antenna provided by the present invention can reach 55°, thereby improving the coverage of the target detection area.

[0059] Specifically corresponding to the present invention, the circularly polarized array antenna is configured to operate in the 24 GHz ISM operating frequency band, wherein the rectangle has a side length of 3.14 mm within an error range of ±15%, and any two adjacent radiation elements 11 of the same radiation source 10 have a distance of 2.53 mm within an error range of ±15%, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the circularly polarized array antenna.

[0060] Further references Figure 3 , in order to perform phase-difference feeding on each of the radiating elements 11 of the same radiating source 10, wherein the radiating source 10 comprises a feeding end 101 and at least two transmission lines 12 corresponding to the number of the radiating elements 11, wherein each of the transmission lines 12 is electrically connected to each of the radiating elements 11 and the feeding end 101, respectively, and has a length difference, so that when each of the transmission lines 12 is connected to the excitation signal at the feeding end 101, based on the length difference of each of the transmission lines 12, each of the radiating elements 11 is fed with a multi-path of the excitation signals with a phase difference.

[0061] Preferably, in the present invention, the number of the radiation elements 11 is set to 4, and the corresponding number of the transmission lines 12 is set to 4, and the length difference of the four transmission lines 12 satisfies that the phase difference of the excitation signal transmitted to the radiation element 11 by two adjacent transmission lines 12 in the clockwise / counterclockwise direction tends to 90°. Specifically, the corresponding four transmission lines 12 are named as the first transmission line 121, the second transmission line 122, the third transmission line 123 and the fourth transmission line 124, wherein the first transmission line 121, the second transmission line 122, the third transmission line 123 and the fourth transmission line 124 are arranged in a clockwise direction, and the lengths of the four transmission lines 12 The difference satisfies that the phase difference of the excitation signal transmitted to the radiation element 11 by the two adjacent transmission lines 12 in the clockwise / counterclockwise direction tends to 90°, that is, the excitation signal output by the first transmission line 121 has a phase difference with the excitation signals output by the second transmission line 122 and the fourth transmission line 124 that tends to 90°, the excitation signal output by the second transmission line 122 has a phase difference with the excitation signal output by the first transmission line 121 and the third transmission line 123 that tends to 90°, and the excitation signal output by the third transmission line 123 has a phase difference with the excitation signal output by the second transmission line 122 and the fourth transmission line 124 that tends to 90°.

[0062] It is worth mentioning that the feeding structure of the radiating element 11 is not limited to the microstrip feeding structure. Fig.10 As shown in the first column, the feeding structure for the radiating element 11 can also be probe feeding, edge coupling feeding, etc. The transmission line 12 and the radiating element 11 can be on different planes. For example, when a probe feeding structure is adopted, the transmission line 12 and the radiating element 11 are arranged on different planes. The utility model does not limit this.

[0063] It is worth mentioning that the reference Fig.10 As shown in the second column, the degenerate mode separation unit 112 is allowed to be integrally formed in the radiation element 11 by means of corner cutting design, hollowing, grooving, partial protrusion, etc. of the radiation element 11, and the degenerate mode separation unit 112 can be one or two, wherein the shape of the radiation element 11 is allowed to be rectangular (square / rectangular), circular, triangular, other polygonal shapes, etc., and the utility model does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0064] Specifically, in these embodiments of the utility model, the radiation element 11 is arranged in a rectangular shape, and the degenerate mode separation unit 112 is integrally formed on the radiation element 11 with a diagonal cut corner design of the rectangular radiation element 11, wherein the transmission line 12 is electrically connected to one side of the radiation element 11, and the feeding point 111 is located at the connection between the transmission line 12 and the radiation element 11, wherein the degenerate mode separation unit 112 is arranged at the diagonal corner of the radiation element 11, and one of the degenerate mode separation units 112 of the radiation element 11 and the feeding point 111 are located at the connection between the transmission line 12 and the radiation element 11. on the same side of the feed point 111, that is, the distance between one of the degenerate mode separation units 112 of the radiation element 11 and the feeding point 111 is smaller than the distance between the other degenerate mode separation unit 112 and the feeding point 111, wherein the degenerate mode separation unit 112 close to the feeding point 111 is named a near-point degenerate mode separation unit, and the other degenerate mode separation unit 112 is named a far-point degenerate mode separation unit, wherein the rotation direction of the radiation element 11 is the direction from the feeding point 111 to the far-point degenerate mode separation unit and then to the near-point degenerate mode separation unit, wherein the rotation direction of each radiation element 11 of the same radiation source 10 is the same.

[0065] Further, referring to the drawings of the utility model specification Figure 4 , wherein the radiating element 11 is preferably grounded at its physical center point 110, so as to improve the anti-interference performance of the circularly polarized array antenna based on the grounding setting of the zero potential point of the radiating element 11, and reduce the requirements for dimensional accuracy of the circularly polarized array antenna in the mass production process, enhance the production tolerance of the circularly polarized array antenna, and ensure the consistency of product performance.

[0066] Specifically, in Figure 4 In the structure shown, each of the radiation elements 11 and its physical center point 110 are grounded via a grounding point. In other embodiments of the utility model, the radiation element 11 can also be grounded at multiple grounding points arranged around its physical center point, which is equivalent to the radiation element 11 and its physical center point 110 being grounded. The utility model does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0067] Further references Figure 5A and Figure 5B, wherein each of the radiation elements 11 and the transmission line 12 is carried on one side of the antenna substrate 20, specifically, the radiation element 11 is arranged in the form of a planar patch, and the transmission line 12 is carried on the antenna substrate 20 in the form of a strip conductor, wherein the radiation elements 11 of the same radiation source 10 are arranged close to each other, specifically, the distance between any two adjacent radiation elements 11 of the same radiation source 10 is less than the side length of the rectangle, and the feeding network of the same radiation source 10 is arranged between each of the radiation elements 11, that is, each of the transmission lines 12 is arranged between each of the radiation elements 11, which is beneficial to controlling the occupied area of ​​the radiation source 10 and is beneficial to the miniaturization of the circularly polarized array antenna.

[0068] The circularly polarized array antenna includes a microwave chip 30 to feed the radiation source 10 based on the microwave chip 30, wherein the microwave chip 30 is carried on the other side of the antenna substrate 20, corresponding to Figure 5B , wherein the microwave chip 30 has a combined transceiver port 301, and the combined transceiver port 301 is electrically connected to the feeding end 101. The microwave chip 30 feeds the radiation source 10 and receives echo signals from the radiation source 10 at the combined transceiver port 301, thereby simplifying the circuit of the circularly polarized array antenna based on the combined transceiver design of the microwave chip 30.

[0069] Corresponds to Figure 5A and Figure 5C, another layout structure of the circularly polarized array antenna is schematically shown, wherein each of the radiating elements 11 and the transmission line 12 is carried on one side of the antenna substrate 20, specifically, the radiating element 11 is arranged in the form of a planar patch, and the transmission line 12 is carried on the antenna substrate 20 in the form of a strip conductor, wherein the circularly polarized array radiating element includes a microwave chip 30, wherein the microwave chip 30 is carried on the other side of the antenna substrate 20, wherein the microwave chip 30 is arranged to be separated in transmission and reception and has a radio frequency output port 31 and an input port 32, wherein the radio frequency output port 31 and the input port 32 are respectively electrically connected to the feeding end 101 to feed the radiation source 10 and receive the echo signal from the radiation source 10, specifically, the circularly polarized array antenna includes a 3dB bridge 40, wherein the 3dB bridge 40 has an input port 401, an isolation port 402, a coupling A coupling port 403 and a through port 404, wherein the input port 401 is electrically connected to the RF output port 31, the isolation port 402 is electrically connected to the input port 32, the coupling port 403 is electrically connected to a matching resistor, and the through port 404 is electrically connected to the feeding end 101, so that when the 3dB bridge 40 receives the excitation signal from the RF output port 31 of the microwave chip 30 at the input port 401, the 3dB bridge 40 outputs the excitation signal at the through port 404 to feed the radiation source 10, and the isolation port 402 is isolated, wherein when the 3dB bridge 40 receives the echo signal from the feeding end 101 at the through port 404, the 3dB bridge 40 outputs the echo signal at the isolation port 402, and the input port 401 is isolated, so as to facilitate the isolation of the receiving and transmitting signals. It is understandable that, based on the characteristics of the 3dB bridge 40, the connection relationship between each port of the 3dB bridge 40 and the radiation source 10 and the microwave chip 30 is not unique, such as in some embodiments of the present invention, wherein the coupling port 403 of the 3dB bridge 40 is electrically connected to the feeding end 101. It is understandable that, in some embodiments, the microwave chip 30 may also be arranged on one side of the antenna substrate 20 with the transmission line 12 and the radiation element 11, that is, the transmission line 12, the radiation element 11 and the microwave chip 30 being on the same side or different sides of the antenna substrate 20 does not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0070] Furthermore, based on the structure of the radiation source 10 disclosed above, a plurality of the radiation sources 10 can be arranged in a circularly polarized array antenna, so as to improve the radiation gain of the circularly polarized array antenna based on the design of the plurality of the radiation sources 10, and / or perform a transmit-receive separation setting, and in some embodiments, based on the adjustment of the detection area of ​​each of the radiation sources 10, it is also possible to realize partitioned scanning of the corresponding detection area, thereby expanding the beam angle of the circularly polarized array antenna, which is beneficial to avoid the generation of detection dead zones.

[0071] Specifically, refer to the drawings of the specification of the present utility model Fig. 6A and Figure 6B , the structure of the circularly polarized array antenna with multiple radiation sources 10 and the radiation pattern corresponding to the structure are illustrated, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna includes two radiation sources 10, wherein one of the two radiation sources 10 is fed and transmits a circularly polarized detection beam, and the radiation source 10 is correspondingly named as a transmitting radiation source 1001, and the other radiation source 10 receives the reflected echo formed by the circularly polarized detection beam being reflected by the corresponding object, and the radiation source 10 is correspondingly named as a receiving radiation source 1002. In this structure of the utility model, the circularly polarized beams of the transmitting radiation source 1001 and the receiving radiation source 1002 have the same rotation direction, corresponding to the transmitting radiation source 1001 being fed and transmitting the circularly polarized detection beam, and the receiving radiation source 1002 receives the circularly polarized detection beam in the corresponding detection area and is reflected by an even number of objects to form the reflected echo, corresponding to Figure 6B As shown, the detection beam of the circularly polarized array antenna tends to be circular and has a radiation gain of more than 10dBi in the directional radiation direction.

[0072] The same radiation source 10 includes four radiation elements 11, and the four radiation elements 11 of the same radiation source 10 are arranged in a 2 by 2 matrix form. The four radiation elements 11 are named as an upper left radiation element 11A, an upper right radiation element 11B, a lower right radiation element 11C and a lower left radiation element 11D from left to right in a clockwise direction. The two radiation sources 10 are arranged in a state where the upper right radiation element 11B of one of the radiation sources 10 is close to the upper left radiation element 11A of the other radiation source 10, and the lower right radiation element 11C of the one of the radiation sources 10 is close to the lower left radiation element 11D of the other radiation source 10, specifically corresponding to Fig. 6A In the structure shown, the upper right radiating element 11B of the emitting radiation source 1001 is close to the upper left radiating element 11A of the receiving radiation source 1002 , and the lower right radiating element 11C of the emitting radiation source 1001 is close to the lower left radiating element 11D of the receiving radiation source 1002 .

[0073] Further references Figure 7 and Fig. 9 , a layout structure of the circularly polarized array antenna designed with multiple radiation sources 10 is illustrated, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna includes two radiation sources 10, the two radiation sources 10 are carried on the same surface of the antenna substrate 20 and are arranged in the same rotation direction, the two radiation sources 10 are separated by transmitting and receiving and are divided into the transmitting radiation source 1001 and the receiving radiation source 1002, wherein the feeding point 111 of the upper right radiation element 11B of the transmitting radiation source 1001 is biased towards the upper left radiation element 11A of the transmitting radiation source 1001, and the receiving radiation source 1002 is biased towards the upper left radiation element 11A of the transmitting radiation source 1001. The feeding point 111 of the upper left radiating element 11A is biased towards the lower left radiating element 11D of the receiving radiation source 1002, so as to ensure the isolation of the transmitting and receiving signals while the two radiation sources 10 are set in the same rotation direction, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna includes a microwave chip 30, and the microwave chip 30 is set to separate transmission and reception and has a RF output port 31 and an input port 32, wherein the RF output port 31 is electrically connected to the feeding end 101 of the transmitting radiation source 1001, and the input port 32 is electrically connected to the feeding end 101 of the receiving radiation source 1002.

[0074] Further references Figure 8 and Fig. 9, another layout structure of the circularly polarized array antenna designed with multiple radiation sources 10 is illustrated, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna includes two radiation sources 10, the two radiation sources 10 are carried on the same surface of the antenna substrate 20 and are arranged in counter-rotational directions, the two radiation sources 10 are separated by transmitting and receiving and are divided into the transmitting radiation source 1001 and the receiving radiation source 1002, the transmitting radiation source 1001 is fed to transmit the circularly polarized detection beam, and the receiving radiation source 1002 receives the circularly polarized detection beam and is reflected by an object in the corresponding detection area to form the reflected echo, wherein the feeding point 111 of the upper right radiation element 11B of the transmitting radiation source 1001 is biased towards The upper left radiating element 11A of the transmitting radiation source 1001 and the feeding point 111 of the upper left radiating element 11A of the receiving radiation source 1002 are biased towards the upper right radiating element 11B of the receiving radiation source 1002, so as to ensure the isolation of the transmitting and receiving signals while the two radiation sources 10 are arranged in counter-rotating directions, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna includes a microwave chip 30, and the microwave chip 30 is arranged to separate transmission and reception and has a radio frequency output port 31 and an input port 32, wherein the radio frequency output port 31 is electrically connected to the feeding end 101 of the transmitting radiation source 1001, and the input port 32 is electrically connected to the feeding end 101 of the receiving radiation source 1002.

[0075] It is worth mentioning that the direction of the line from the feeding point 111 to the physical center point 110 of the upper right radiating element 11B and the lower right radiating element 11C of the emitting radiation source 1001 adjacent to the receiving radiation source 1002 is named as the first direction, and the direction of the line from the feeding point 111 to the physical center point 110 of the upper left radiating element 11A and the lower left radiating element 11D of the receiving radiation source 1002 adjacent to the emitting radiation source 1001 is named as the second direction. In order to ensure the receiving and transmitting isolation between the emitting radiation source 101 and the receiving radiation source 1002, in the present utility model, the first direction and the second direction are set in a non-codirectional state, and in order to meet the requirements that each of the transmission lines 12 is set between each of the radiating elements 11 , corresponding to the state in which the feeding point 111 of the upper right radiating element 11B of the emitting radiation source 1001 is biased towards the upper left radiating element 11A of the emitting radiation source 1001, the feeding point 111 of the upper left radiating element 11A of the receiving radiation source 1002 is biased towards the upper right radiating element 11B or the lower left radiating element 11D of the receiving radiation source 1002; corresponding to the state in which the feeding point 111 of the upper right radiating element 11B of the emitting radiation source 1001 is biased towards the lower right radiating element 11C of the emitting radiation source 1001, the feeding point 111 of the upper left radiating element 11A of the receiving radiation source 1002 is biased towards the upper right radiating element 11B of the receiving radiation source 1002.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0077] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention. The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention may be deformed or modified in any way without departing from the principles.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized array antenna, characterized in that: include: an antenna substrate; At least one radiation source, wherein the radiation source is carried on the antenna substrate, the radiation source is arranged in the form of a multi-element radiation element and includes at least two radiation elements, wherein the radiation element is circularly polarized in the form of a single feeding point, wherein the radiation source includes a feeding end and at least two transmission lines corresponding to the number of the radiation elements, wherein each of the transmission lines is electrically connected to each of the radiation elements and the feeding end respectively and has a length difference, wherein the arrangement of each of the radiation elements of the same radiation source satisfies that the physical center point of each of the radiation elements is located on or tends to be on the circumference of a circle, wherein the distance between the center of the circle and the physical center point of each of the radiation elements is less than or equal to 3λ / 4 within an error range of ±15%, wherein λ is a wavelength parameter corresponding to the frequency of the excitation signal.

2. The circularly polarized array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiating elements are circularly polarized in a rectangular basic form, and the distance between any two adjacent radiating elements of the same radiation source is less than the side length of the rectangle.

3. The circularly polarized array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the same radiation source transmits a circularly polarized detection beam in a fed state, and receives a reflected echo formed by the circularly polarized detection beam being reflected by a corresponding object, and is configured to be a transmitting and receiving integrated device.

4. The circularly polarized array antenna according to claim 3, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna comprises a microwave chip, wherein the microwave chip comprises a combined transceiver port, the combined transceiver port is electrically connected to the feeding end, and the microwave chip feeds the radiation source at the combined transceiver port and receives an echo signal from the radiation source.

5. The circularly polarized array antenna according to claim 3, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna comprises a microwave chip and a 3dB bridge, wherein the microwave chip comprises a RF output port and an input port, wherein the 3dB bridge has an input port, an isolation port, a coupling port and a through port, wherein the input port is electrically connected to the RF output port, the isolation port is electrically connected to the input port, and the through port is electrically connected to the feeding end.

6. The circularly polarized array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the antenna substrate is supported by at least two of the radiation sources, wherein each of the radiation sources emits a circularly polarized detection beam from at least one of the radiation sources being fed by transmission power, and receives a reflected echo formed by the circularly polarized detection beam being reflected by a corresponding object at the other radiation sources.

7. The circularly polarized array antenna according to claim 6, wherein the circularly polarized array antenna comprises a microwave chip, wherein the microwave chip comprises a radio frequency output port and an input port, wherein the radio frequency output port is electrically connected to the radiation source that is transmitted and fed, and the input port is electrically connected to the radiation source that receives the reflected echo.

8. The circularly polarized array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the same radiation source comprises four radiation elements and four transmission lines corresponding to the number of the radiation elements, and the length difference of the four transmission lines satisfies that the phase difference of the excitation signal transmitted to the radiation element by two adjacent transmission lines in the clockwise / counterclockwise direction tends to 90°.

9. The circularly polarized array antenna according to claim 8, wherein the four radiating elements of the same radiation source are arranged in a 2 by 2 matrix form, and the four radiating elements are named as an upper left radiating element, an upper right radiating element, a lower right radiating element and a lower left radiating element from left to right in a clockwise direction, wherein the antenna substrate carries two radiation sources, and the two radiation sources are arranged in a state in which the upper right radiating element of one of the radiation sources is close to the upper left radiating element of the other radiation source, and the lower right radiating element of one of the radiation sources is close to the lower left radiating element of the other radiation source.

10. The circularly polarized array antenna according to claim 9, wherein when the feeding point of the upper right radiating element of one of the radiation sources is biased toward the upper left radiating element of the same radiation source, the feeding point of the upper left radiating element of the other radiation source is biased toward the upper right radiating element or the lower left radiating element of the same radiation element.

11. The circularly polarized array antenna according to claim 9, wherein in a state where the feeding point of the upper right radiating element of one of the radiation sources is biased toward the lower right radiating element of the same radiation source, the feeding point of the upper left radiating element of the other radiating element is biased toward the upper right radiating element of the same radiating element.

12. A circularly polarized array antenna, characterized in that: include: an antenna substrate; At least one radiation source, wherein the radiation source is carried on the antenna substrate, the radiation source is arranged in the form of a multi-element radiation element and includes at least two radiation elements, wherein the radiation elements are circularly polarized in a multi-point feeding structure, wherein the radiation source includes a feeding end and at least two transmission lines corresponding to the number of the radiation elements, wherein each of the transmission lines is electrically connected to each of the radiation elements and the feeding end respectively and has a length difference, wherein the arrangement of each of the radiation elements of the same radiation source satisfies that the physical center point of each of the radiation elements is located on or tends to be on the circumference of a circle, wherein the distance between the center of the circle and the physical center point of each of the radiation elements is less than or equal to 3λ / 4 within an error range of ±15%, wherein λ is a wavelength parameter corresponding to the frequency of the excitation signal.

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