Multi-module fuel cell air tail gas treatment system and fuel cell system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-module fuel cell air tail gas treatment system and a fuel cell system, and the multi-module fuel cell air tail gas treatment system comprises at least two single-module fuel cell systems, or the liquid water flows to the heat exchanger of at least one other single-module fuel cell system through the conversion valve to adjust the temperature of the liquid water passing through the heat exchanger, and the water pump is used for conveying the temperature of the liquid water passing through the heat exchanger to the electric pile to adjust the temperature of the electric pile. According to the utility model, the tail gas exhausted by the electric pile of one single-module fuel cell system is selectively conveyed to the heat exchanger or the tail gas exhaust, and heat exchange is carried out on liquid water of other single-module fuel cell systems so as to improve the temperature of the liquid water, so that the temperature of the electric pile of other single-module fuel cell systems is close to the optimal working temperature; the problem that the working voltage of the electric pile is too high due to low required power of the whole vehicle is solved, and the problem that the performance of the electric pile which does not work is poor due to too low temperature when the electric pile is started next time is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a multi-module fuel cell air tail gas treatment system and a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of the multi-module fuel cell system, if the power demand of the whole vehicle is not high, in order to reduce the working voltage of the single cell as much as possible and avoid the catalyst attenuation caused by high potential, only one module is working and the other modules are not working. However, when the power demand of the whole vehicle increases, the temperature of the non-working stack is close to the ambient temperature, and it takes a certain amount of time to heat up to the optimal working temperature, which is about 70-90℃. Too high or too low temperature will affect the performance and life of the fuel cell. During the heating process, the stack performance is poor, and even irreversible performance attenuation will occur.

[0003] Patent number CN216389466U discloses a fuel cell tail gas treatment device, which condenses and drains the air tail gas of the fuel cell, efficiently silences it, dilutes and mixes it with the exhaust hydrogen of the fuel cell, and uses the air tail gas for heat heating. However, the patent only utilizes the waste heat of the air in heating the exhaust gas, and does not fully utilize the waste heat of the air.

[0004] Conventional methods for utilizing exhaust air from fuel cells are mainly to humidify the dry air entering the fuel cell stack through a membrane humidifier, or to dilute the waste hydrogen discharged from the system using exhaust air to achieve safety purposes. However, there are very few forms of utilizing waste heat from air. The present utility model proposes a new solution to the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned disadvantages, the present invention provides a multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system and a fuel cell system. The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect of the utility model, a multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system is provided, comprising at least two single-module fuel cell systems, wherein the single-module fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack and an air supply system and a water thermal management system connected to the fuel cell stack, wherein the water thermal management system comprises a small circulation loop, a water pump and a tail exhaust, wherein the air supply system comprises a membrane humidifier, wherein the membrane humidifier is connected to the fuel cell stack, wherein the small circulation loop is connected to the fuel cell stack, wherein the small circulation loop comprises a heat exchanger, wherein the exhaust gas discharged from one of the single-module fuel cell systems can flow to the tail exhaust, or flow through a steering valve to at least one other heat exchanger of the single-module fuel cell system to adjust the temperature of liquid water passing through the heat exchanger, and wherein the water pump is used to transport the liquid water passing through the heat exchanger to the fuel cell stack to adjust the temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0007] In one embodiment, the air supply system also includes an air filter, an air compressor and an intercooler, the output end of the air filter is connected to the input end of the air compressor, the output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the intercooler, and the output end of the intercooler is connected to the first input end of the membrane humidifier.

[0008] In one embodiment, a throttle is provided on the pipeline connecting the first output end of the membrane humidifier and the air inlet end of the fuel cell stack, and a back pressure valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the exhaust end of the fuel cell stack and the second input end of the membrane humidifier.

[0009] In one possible implementation,

[0010] In a single-module fuel cell system, the input end of the diverter valve is connected to the second output end of the membrane humidifier;

[0011] The first output end of the steering valve is connected to the heat exchanger in the other single-module fuel cell system, and the second output end of the steering valve is connected to the tail exhaust.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the water thermal management system includes a large circulation loop, and a heat dissipation integration is provided on the large circulation loop for cooling the liquid water flowing through the large circulation loop.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the small circulation loop further includes a PTC heater for heating the liquid water flowing through the small circulation loop, and the PTC heater is connected in series with the heat exchanger.

[0014] In one possible implementation,

[0015] The small circulation loop is connected in parallel with the large circulation loop, and the input end of the small circulation loop and the input end of the large circulation loop are both connected to the cooling loop outlet end of the fuel cell stack;

[0016] The water heat management system further comprises a regulating valve, wherein the output end of the small circulation loop is connected to the first input end of the regulating valve, and the output end of the large circulation loop is connected to the second input end of the regulating valve;

[0017] The output end of the regulating valve is connected to the input end of the water pump, and the output end of the water pump is connected to the inlet end of the cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack.

[0018] In one embodiment, the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system includes a first single-module fuel cell system and a second single-module fuel cell system.

[0019] The membrane humidifier of the first single-module fuel cell system is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the second single-module fuel cell system, and the membrane humidifier of the second single-module fuel cell system is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the first single-module fuel cell system.

[0020] In one embodiment, the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system includes a first single-module fuel cell system, a second single-module fuel cell system, and a third single-module fuel cell system.

[0021] The membrane humidifier of the first single-module fuel cell system is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the second single-module fuel cell system and / or the third single-module fuel cell system,

[0022] The membrane humidifier of the second single-module fuel cell system is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the first single-module fuel cell system and / or the third single-module fuel cell system,

[0023] The membrane humidifier of the third single-module fuel cell system is communicated with the heat exchanger and / or the tail exhaust of the first single-module fuel cell system and / or the second single-module fuel cell system.

[0024] A second aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell system, comprising any one of the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment systems described above.

[0025] The beneficial technical effects of the utility model are as follows: According to the contents disclosed herein, the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system can selectively transport the exhaust gas discharged from the stack of a single-module fuel cell system to the tail exhaust or heat exchanger, and can choose to discharge it directly, or use the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the liquid water in the water management system of other single-module fuel cell systems, thereby increasing the liquid water temperature, and further increasing the stack temperature of other single-module fuel cell systems to make it close to the optimal operating temperature; through the specific operating mode, the situation of the liquid water in the water management system passing through the heat exchanger and the situation of the stack exhaust gas passing through the heat exchanger can be selected, and then the liquid water temperature can be adjusted to make the stack close to the optimal operating temperature, which not only solves the problem of the low power demand of the whole vehicle causing the stack operating voltage to be too high and then attenuated, but also solves the problem of poor performance due to too low temperature when the non-working stack is started next time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In the accompanying drawings, the following are given by way of example and not limitation:

[0027] Figure 1 The figure shows the connection relationship between the air supply system and the water heat management system of the dual-module fuel cell of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 A diagram showing the connection relationship between the air supply system and the water heat management system of the dual-module fuel cell of the first mode of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 A connection diagram showing the air supply system and water heat management system of a dual-module fuel cell in a second mode of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 A connection diagram showing the air supply system and water heat management system of a dual-module fuel cell in a third mode of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 A connection diagram showing a dual-module fuel cell air supply system and a water heat management system in a fourth mode of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 A connection diagram of a conventional dual-module fuel cell air supply system and a water thermal management system is shown.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 100. A first single-module fuel cell system; 200. A second single-module fuel cell system; 1. A first air filter; 2. A second air filter; 3. A first air compressor; 4. A second air compressor; 5. A first intercooler; 6. A second intercooler; 7. A first membrane humidifier; 8. A second membrane humidifier; 9. A first throttle valve; 10. A second throttle valve; 11. A first back pressure valve; 12. A second back pressure valve; 13. A first fuel cell stack; 14. A second fuel cell stack; 15. A first water pump; 16. A second water pump; 17. A first PTC heater; 18. A second PTC heater; 19. A first heat exchanger; 20. A second heat exchanger; 21. A first regulating valve; 22. A second regulating valve; 23. A first heat dissipation integrated circuit; 24. A second heat dissipation integrated circuit; 25. A first tail exhaust; 26. A second tail exhaust; 27. A first steering valve; 28. A first steering valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In the following detailed disclosure, these embodiments are fully described with reference to the drawings. In order to make the technical scheme of the utility model more clear and specific to those skilled in the art, the implementation methods described below are not limited to this. The utility model is further described in detail below in combination with the embodiments and drawings.

[0036] In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined. The terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "front" and "back" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] The first aspect of the utility model is as follows Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system is provided, including at least two single-module fuel cell systems, wherein the single-module fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack and an air supply system and a water thermal management system connected to the fuel cell stack, wherein the water thermal management system includes a small circulation loop, a water pump and a tail exhaust, wherein the air supply system includes a membrane humidifier, wherein the membrane humidifier is connected to the fuel cell stack, wherein the small circulation loop is connected to the fuel cell stack, wherein the small circulation loop includes a heat exchanger, wherein the water pump is used to transport liquid water of the water thermal management system to the fuel cell stack, wherein the exhaust gas discharged from one of the single-module fuel cell systems can flow to the tail exhaust, or flow to the heat exchanger of at least one other single-module fuel cell system through a steering valve, so as to adjust the temperature of the liquid water passing through the heat exchanger and thereby adjust the temperature of the fuel cell stack of the other single-module fuel cell system.

[0039] like Figure 6 As shown, several single-module fuel cell systems of a traditional multi-module fuel cell system operate relatively independently, and the exhaust gas discharged from the stack is directly discharged through the tail exhaust, without fully utilizing the waste heat of the exhaust gas.

[0040] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system provided by the utility model can selectively transport the exhaust gas discharged from the stack of a single-module fuel cell system to the tail exhaust or heat exchanger, and can be selected to be directly discharged, or to exchange heat with the liquid water in the water management system of other single-module fuel cell systems through the heat exchanger to increase the liquid water temperature, and further increase the stack temperature of other single-module fuel cell systems to make it close to the optimal operating temperature; through the specific operating mode, it can be selected whether the liquid water in the water management system passes through the heat exchanger, and whether the stack exhaust gas passes through the heat exchanger, and then the liquid water temperature is adjusted to make the stack close to the optimal operating temperature, which not only solves the problem of low vehicle power demand causing the stack operating voltage to be too high and then attenuated, but also solves the problem of poor performance due to too low temperature when the non-working stack is started next time.

[0041] It can be understood that the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system arranges a heat exchanger on the small circulation loop of each single-module fuel cell system, and uses a steering valve to allow the exhaust gas of a single-module fuel cell system to pass through the heat exchanger of at least one other single-module fuel cell system, so as to improve the heating efficiency of the liquid water flowing through the small circulation loop, further improve the heating efficiency of the fuel cell stack, and make it reach the required temperature as soon as possible. After the single-module fuel cell system is shut down, the temperature of the fuel cell stack can be maintained at a high level for a long time, thereby reducing the heating time required for the next startup of the fuel cell stack.

[0042] It is understandable that the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system includes at least two single-module fuel cell systems. The operation mode of the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system is switched according to the vehicle operation condition and the state of the fuel cell system itself. The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system includes the following modes:

[0043] Embodiment 1 provides a single module small cycle fast start mode, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when the multi-module fuel cell system is cold-started, if the power demand of the whole vehicle is not high, the single-module fuel cell system can be used to supply energy. At this time, the single-module small cycle fast start mode is entered, and the liquid water is heated by the PTC heater to quickly increase the temperature, thereby increasing the performance improvement rate of the stack. Taking the working condition where one stack is working but the other stacks are not working as an example, at this time, the steering valve switches its position, so that the exhaust gas of the running stack passes through the heat exchanger of other modules, making full use of the waste heat of the stack exhaust gas to increase the temperature of other non-running stacks as much as possible.

[0044] Embodiment 2 provides a multi-module small cycle fast start mode, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, when the multi-module fuel cell system is cold-started, if the vehicle requires high power, the multi-module fuel cell system needs to work together to supply energy. At this time, the multi-module small cycle fast start mode is entered, and the liquid water of each single-module fuel cell system is heated by the PTC heater. At the same time, the steering valve switches the position, allowing the exhaust gas of each stack to pass through the heat exchanger of other modules, helping the stack to heat up and increase the performance improvement rate of the stack.

[0045] Embodiment 3 provides a single module normal operation mode, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, when the vehicle is in normal operation, the required power is not high and can be supplied by the single-module fuel cell system, and then the single-module normal operation mode is entered. Take the working condition where one stack is working but other stacks are not working as an example. At this time, the liquid water of the operating stack is cooled by the large-circulation heat dissipation assembly, and the steering valve switches its position so that the exhaust gas of the operating stack passes through the heat exchanger of other modules, making full use of the waste heat of the stack exhaust gas to increase the temperature of other non-operating stacks as much as possible.

[0046] Embodiment 4 provides a multi-module normal operation mode, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, when the vehicle is in normal operation, the required power is large and needs to be supplied by the multi-module fuel cell system. At this time, the multi-module normal operation mode is entered. Liquid water is cooled by the respective large-circulation cooling assembly, and the steering valve switches position so that the exhaust gas of the stack does not pass through the heat exchanger, but directly enters the tail exhaust.

[0047] The detailed division of the working modes of the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system can provide the optimal response to different working conditions and system states. In particular, the proposal of the normal operating mode of a single module not only solves the problem of the low power demand of the whole vehicle causing the working voltage of the battery stack to be too high and then attenuated, but also solves the problem of poor performance of the non-working battery stack due to low temperature when it is started next time.

[0048] In one embodiment, the air supply system also includes an air filter, an air compressor and an intercooler, the output end of the air filter is connected to the input end of the air compressor, the output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the intercooler, and the output end of the intercooler is connected to the first input end of the membrane humidifier.

[0049] It can be understood that the air supply system filters, pressurizes, cools and humidifies the air in the environment through an air filter, air compressor, intercooler and membrane humidifier, and then passes it into the fuel cell stack, so that the oxygen in the air reacts with the hydrogen in the fuel cell stack to release electrical energy. The remaining unreacted gas is discharged through the exhaust end and finally discharged through the tail exhaust.

[0050] In one embodiment, a throttle is provided on the pipeline connecting the first output end of the membrane humidifier and the air inlet end of the fuel cell stack, and a back pressure valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the exhaust end of the fuel cell stack and the second input end of the membrane humidifier.

[0051] It can be understood that the humidified air is delivered to the fuel cell stack through the throttle valve, and the remaining unreacted gas is discharged from the fuel cell stack through the back pressure valve and finally discharged through the tail exhaust.

[0052] In one possible implementation, Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, in a single-module fuel cell system, the input end of the steering valve is connected to the second output end of the membrane humidifier; the first output end of the steering valve is connected to the heat exchanger in other single-module fuel cell systems, and the second output end of the steering valve is connected to the tail exhaust.

[0053] It is understandable that when the stack is working, the proton exchange membrane inside the stack needs a certain amount of water molecules to ensure the transport of protons. This water can be provided by the water generated by the reaction on the one hand, and on the other hand, it needs to be provided by the gas entering the stack from the outside to participate in the reaction, that is, to control the relative humidity of the air and hydrogen entering the stack, and generally control the relative humidity of the air. The membrane humidifier has two chambers, namely the dry side chamber and the wet side chamber. The dry side chamber of the membrane humidifier passes through the gas waiting to be humidified, and the wet side chamber passes through the humidified gas. The water molecules of the humidified gas enter the dry side chamber through the membrane of the membrane humidifier to humidify the gas waiting to be humidified. The air cooled by the intercooler enters the dry side chamber of the membrane humidifier, and the exhaust gas of the stack also contains water generated after the electrochemical reaction, and the humidity is relatively high, so that the exhaust gas of the stack passes through the wet side chamber of the membrane humidifier to humidify the dry air in the dry side chamber.

[0054] It is understandable that the function of adjusting the exhaust gas flow direction is achieved by means of the steering valve, and the exhaust gas can be selectively made to flow into the heat exchanger or be directly discharged through the tail exhaust.

[0055] In one possible implementation, Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the water thermal management system includes a large circulation loop, on which a heat dissipation integration is provided for cooling the liquid water flowing through the large circulation loop.

[0056] During the operation of the fuel cell stack, a large amount of heat energy is generated. If there is no good heat dissipation system to dissipate the heat, the internal temperature of the fuel cell will continue to rise, which will at the very least affect the activity of the catalyst and cause insufficient power output of the power system. At worst, it will cause the vehicle to lose power or cause dangers such as fire.

[0057] It can be understood that part of the heat of the fuel cell stack is transferred out by discharging liquid water from the outlet end of the cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack, and the heat dissipation integration dissipates the heat of the liquid water flowing through the large circulation loop to reduce the temperature of the liquid water. The cooled liquid water cools the fuel cell stack when circulated to the fuel cell stack. The heat dissipation integration may include a radiator, a fan, an expansion water tank, etc., to maintain the fuel cell stack within an appropriate temperature range.

[0058] When the fuel cell system operates normally, it can be powered by a single-module fuel cell system or a multi-module fuel cell system according to the power required by the vehicle, and then enters the normal operating mode.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, when the single-module fuel cell system is working and supplying energy, the liquid water is cooled by the heat dissipation integration, and the cooled liquid water is pumped to the fuel cell stack through the regulating valve to assist in cooling the fuel cell stack so as to maintain it at a suitable working temperature. The fuel cell stack exhaust is passed through the heat exchanger through the steering valve to assist in heating the liquid water of the non-operating single-module fuel cell system, thereby maintaining the fuel cell stack temperature of the non-operating single-module fuel cell system and shortening the time required for cold start of the non-operating single-module fuel cell system.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, when the multi-module fuel cell system is working and supplying energy, the liquid water is cooled by the heat dissipation integration, and the cooled liquid water is pumped to the fuel cell stack through the regulating valve to assist in cooling the fuel cell stack so that it is maintained at a suitable operating temperature, and the fuel cell stack exhaust is discharged directly through the tail exhaust through the steering valve without utilizing the exhaust waste heat.

[0061] In one possible implementation, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the small circulation loop also includes a PTC heater for heating the liquid water flowing through the small circulation loop, and the PTC heater is connected in series with the heat exchanger.

[0062] It is understandable that when the fuel cell stack is started at low temperature, the liquid water is auxiliary heated by the PTC heater so that the liquid water reaches the required temperature as quickly as possible, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the fuel cell stack and shortening the time required for cold start of the fuel cell.

[0063] Furthermore, by connecting the PTC heater in series with the heat exchanger, the liquid water is heated by the PTC heater and the heat exchanger, thereby improving the heating efficiency, further shortening the time required for the cold start of the fuel cell, realizing the utilization of the waste heat of the exhaust gas, and saving energy.

[0064] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, when at least one single-module fuel cell system is in operation, the exhaust gas of the operating single-module fuel cell system passes through the heat exchanger of other single-module fuel cell systems, so that the liquid water of other single-module fuel cell systems can be heated to make it as close as possible to the optimal operating temperature of the stack, that is, 70°C to 90°C, so as to maintain the stack temperature of other single-module fuel cell systems. When other single-module fuel cell systems need to be started, the stack can reach the required temperature as soon as possible, greatly shortening the time required for cold start of the fuel cell.

[0065] In one possible implementation, Figure 1 As shown, the small circulation loop is connected in parallel with the large circulation loop, and the input end of the small circulation loop and the input end of the large circulation loop are both connected to the outlet end of the cooling loop of the fuel cell stack; the water thermal management system also includes a regulating valve, the output end of the small circulation loop is connected to the first input end of the regulating valve, and the output end of the large circulation loop is connected to the second input end of the regulating valve; the output end of the regulating valve is connected to the input end of the water pump, and the output end of the water pump is connected to the inlet end of the cooling loop of the fuel cell stack.

[0066] When the multi-module fuel cell system is cold started, it can be powered by a single-module fuel cell system or a multi-module fuel cell system according to the power required by the vehicle. At this time, it enters the small cycle fast start mode, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the liquid water is heated by a PTC heater, and the tail gas of the fuel cell stack is passed through a heat exchanger through a steering valve to assist in heating the liquid water. The heated liquid water is transported to the fuel cell stack by a water pump through a regulating valve to assist in heating the fuel cell stack, thereby increasing the performance of the fuel cell stack and improving the starting rate.

[0067] In one possible implementation, Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system includes a first single-module fuel cell system 100 and a second single-module fuel cell system 200, the membrane humidifier of the first single-module fuel cell system 100 is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the second single-module fuel cell system 200, and the membrane humidifier of the second single-module fuel cell system 200 is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the first single-module fuel cell system 100.

[0068] It can be understood that when the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system includes a first single-module fuel cell system 100 and a second single-module fuel cell system 200, heat is exchanged between the exhaust gas of the first single-module fuel cell system 100 and the liquid water of the second single-module fuel cell system 200, and heat is exchanged between the exhaust gas of the second single-module fuel cell system 200 and the liquid water of the first single-module fuel cell system 100.

[0069] The utility model takes two single-module fuel cell systems as an example. Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the air supply system of the first single-module fuel cell system 100 includes a first air filter 1, a first air compressor 3, a first intercooler 5, a first membrane humidifier 7, a first throttle 9 and a first back pressure valve 11, the first membrane humidifier 7 is connected to the fuel cell stack, the water and heat management system of the first single-module fuel cell system 100 includes a first PTC heater 17, a first heat exchanger 19, a first water pump 15, a first heat dissipation integration 23 and a first regulating valve 21, and the first steering valve 28 is respectively connected to the membrane humidifier, the second heat exchanger 20 and the second tail exhaust 26 The air supply system of the second single-module fuel cell system 200 includes a second air filter 2, a second air compressor 4, a second intercooler 6, a second membrane humidifier 8, a second throttle valve 10 and a second back pressure valve 12, the second membrane humidifier 8 is connected to the fuel cell stack, the water and heat management system of the second single-module fuel cell system 200 includes a second PTC heater 18, a second heat exchanger 20, a second water pump 16, a second heat dissipation integration 24 and a second regulating valve 22, and the second steering valve is respectively connected to the membrane humidifier, the first heat exchanger 19 and the first tail exhaust 25.

[0070] It can be understood that the exhaust gas discharged from the first fuel cell stack 13 is regulated by the first steering valve 28 to flow to the second tail drain 26 through the second heat exchanger 20, so that the liquid water in the water thermal management system of the second single-module fuel cell system 100 is heated, thereby improving the temperature and heating efficiency of the second fuel cell stack 14; the exhaust gas discharged from the second fuel cell stack 14 is regulated by the second steering valve to flow to the first tail drain 25 through the first heat exchanger 19, so that the liquid water in the water thermal management system of the first single-module fuel cell system 200 is heated, thereby improving the temperature and heating efficiency of the first fuel cell stack 13.

[0071] In one embodiment, a multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system includes a first single-module fuel cell system 100, a second single-module fuel cell system 200 and a third single-module fuel cell system, the membrane humidifier of the first single-module fuel cell system 100 is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the second single-module fuel cell system 200 and / or the third single-module fuel cell system, the membrane humidifier of the second single-module fuel cell system 200 is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the first single-module fuel cell system 100 and / or the third single-module fuel cell system, and the membrane humidifier of the third single-module fuel cell system is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the first single-module fuel cell system 100 and / or the second single-module fuel cell system 200.

[0072] It can be understood that when the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system includes a first single-module fuel cell system 100, a second single-module fuel cell system 200 and a third single-module fuel cell system, heat is exchanged between the exhaust gas of the first single-module fuel cell system 100 and the liquid water of the second single-module fuel cell system 200 and / or the third single-module fuel cell system, heat is exchanged between the exhaust gas of the second single-module fuel cell system 200 and the liquid water of the first single-module fuel cell system 100 and / or the third single-module fuel cell system, and heat is exchanged between the exhaust gas of the third single-module fuel cell system and the liquid water of the first single-module fuel cell system 100 and / or the second single-module fuel cell system 200.

[0073] It is understandable that the number of the single-module fuel cell systems is at least two, that is, it can be two, three, four or other integers.

[0074] A second aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell system, comprising any one of the multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment systems described above.

[0075] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0076] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0077] In view of the above detailed description, these and other changes can be made to these embodiments, and this written description includes the best mode embodiments to disclose the utility model. The scope of the patent obtained by the utility model is defined by the claims, and the claims are not limited by the content of the present disclosure. The protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the scope disclosed by the utility model, according to the technical solution and its concept of the utility model, makes equivalent replacement or change, which is within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least two single-module fuel cell systems, wherein the single-module fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack and an air supply system and a water thermal management system connected to the fuel cell stack, wherein the water thermal management system comprises a small circulation loop, a water pump and a tail exhaust, wherein the air supply system comprises a membrane humidifier, wherein the membrane humidifier is communicated with the fuel cell stack, wherein the small circulation loop is communicated with the fuel cell stack, wherein the small circulation loop comprises a heat exchanger, and wherein the water pump is used to transport liquid water of the water thermal management system to the fuel cell stack, wherein the exhaust gas discharged from one of the single-module fuel cell systems can flow to the tail exhaust, or flow to the heat exchanger of at least one other single-module fuel cell system through a steering valve, so as to adjust the temperature of the liquid water passing through the heat exchanger and thereby adjust the temperature of the fuel cell stack of the other single-module fuel cell system.

2. The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply system also includes an air filter, an air compressor and an intercooler. The output end of the air filter is connected to the input end of the air compressor, the output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the intercooler, and the output end of the intercooler is connected to the first input end of the membrane humidifier.

3. The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A throttle is provided on a pipeline connecting the first output end of the membrane humidifier and the air inlet end of the fuel cell stack, and a back pressure valve is provided on a pipeline connecting the exhaust end of the fuel cell stack and the second input end of the membrane humidifier.

4. The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a single-module fuel cell system, the input end of the diverter valve is connected to the second output end of the membrane humidifier; The first output end of the steering valve is connected to the heat exchanger in the other single-module fuel cell system, and the second output end of the steering valve is connected to the tail exhaust.

5. The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water heat management system comprises a large circulation loop, on which a heat dissipation integration is arranged for cooling the liquid water flowing through the large circulation loop.

6. The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The small circulation loop further includes a PTC heater for heating the liquid water flowing through the small circulation loop, and the PTC heater is connected in series with the heat exchanger.

7. The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The small circulation loop is connected in parallel with the large circulation loop, and the input end of the small circulation loop and the input end of the large circulation loop are both connected to the cooling loop outlet end of the fuel cell stack; The water heat management system further comprises a regulating valve, wherein the output end of the small circulation loop is connected to the first input end of the regulating valve, and the output end of the large circulation loop is connected to the second input end of the regulating valve; The output end of the regulating valve is connected to the input end of the water pump, and the output end of the water pump is connected to the inlet end of the cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack.

8. The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system comprises a first single-module fuel cell system and a second single-module fuel cell system. The membrane humidifier of the first single-module fuel cell system is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the second single-module fuel cell system, and the membrane humidifier of the second single-module fuel cell system is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the first single-module fuel cell system.

9. The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system comprises a first single-module fuel cell system, a second single-module fuel cell system and a third single-module fuel cell system. The membrane humidifier of the first single-module fuel cell system is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the second single-module fuel cell system and / or the third single-module fuel cell system, The membrane humidifier of the second single-module fuel cell system is connected to the heat exchanger and / or tail exhaust of the first single-module fuel cell system and / or the third single-module fuel cell system, The membrane humidifier of the third single-module fuel cell system is communicated with the heat exchanger and / or the tail exhaust of the first single-module fuel cell system and / or the second single-module fuel cell system.

10. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: It comprises a multi-module fuel cell air exhaust treatment system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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