Laser cladding machine tool of heat exchange equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat exchange equipment laser cladding machine tool, which relates to the technical field of laser cladding machine tool equipment and comprises a machine tool base, a first-stage swing arm, a second-stage swing telescopic arm and a third-stage telescopic arm. The I-level swing arm is rotatably connected with the machine body stand column through an I-level gear transmission component and an I-level stepping motor, the II-level swing telescopic arm is rotatably connected with the I-level swing arm through an II-level gear transmission component and an II-level stepping motor, a fixed clamping jaw is arranged at the tail end of the II-level swing telescopic arm and grabs the III-level telescopic arm, and the III-level telescopic arm is fixedly connected with the I-level swing arm. A material storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the III-stage telescopic arm, and a cladding head is arranged at the bottom of the material storage tank; a supporting arm is further arranged at the tail end of the I-level swing arm, and a rotating wheel is arranged at the bottom of the supporting arm. According to the laser cladding device, the problem of low laser cladding efficiency caused by limitation of degree of freedom in the laser cladding process can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of laser cladding machine tool equipment, in particular to a heat exchange equipment laser cladding machine tool. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding technology is an additive manufacturing method that can also be used for parts repair. This technology places corresponding coating powder materials on the surface of the substrate through different filler methods. After laser irradiation, it is melted simultaneously with a thin layer on the surface of the substrate, and then quickly solidifies to form a surface coating with extremely low dilution and metallurgical bonding with the substrate material, thereby significantly improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and electrical properties of the surface of the substrate material.

[0003] In the process of laser cladding of workpieces, for smaller workpieces, such as smaller shaft parts, they can be fixed on the workbench for cladding operations. For workpieces that are relatively difficult to move or inconvenient to clamp, especially larger workpieces, such as heat exchange equipment, it can be considered to provide a certain degree of freedom through the machine tool within a certain range, and actively cooperate to complete the cladding operation. Especially for multi-station cladding operations, traditional cladding machine tools are difficult to cope with, so a heat exchange equipment laser cladding machine tool is needed to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a heat exchange equipment laser cladding machine tool. Under the combined action of the level I swing arm and the level II swing telescopic arm, the cladding radius can be increased. In addition, the level II swing telescopic arm can also realize linear reciprocating motion through its own first piston rod, thereby increasing the coverage range of the cladding head. Under the combined action of the two-stage swing and telescopic, the cladding area is expanded, so that the cladding can adapt to a wider working environment. At the same time, the level III telescopic arm can also linearly reciprocate in the vertical direction, i.e., the Z direction, further increasing the capacity of the cladding operation.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical scheme: a laser cladding machine tool for heat exchange equipment, the machine tool comprising a machine tool base, a level I swing arm, a level II swing telescopic arm and a level III telescopic arm, a detachable bed column is arranged on the top of the machine tool base, the bed column is provided with a level I gear transmission component, the level I swing arm is rotatably connected with the bed column through the level I gear transmission component and the level I stepping motor, the swing arm can swing within a front-to-back symmetrical range of 180°, the end of the level I swing arm is provided with a level II gear transmission component, the level II swing telescopic arm is rotatably connected with the level I swing arm through the level II gear transmission component and the level II stepping motor, a fixed claw is arranged at the end of the level II swing telescopic arm, the fixed claw grasps the level III telescopic arm, a storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the level III telescopic arm, and a cladding head is arranged at the bottom of the storage tank.

[0006] A support arm is also provided at the end of the I-level swing arm, and a rotating wheel is provided at the bottom of the support arm, so that the support arm can move synchronously with the end of the I-level swing arm.

[0007] The connection between the I-level swing arm and the bed column is a detachable and movable connection, the kinematic pair is a rotation pair, and the I-level swing arm has one degree of freedom.

[0008] The I-level gear transmission component includes a I-level driving gear shaft, which is connected to the I-level stepping motor through an I-level coupling, and the I-level driving gear shaft cooperates with the I-level driven gear, which is sleeved on the I-level driven shaft and can drive the I-level driven shaft to rotate.

[0009] The I-stage swing arm can be fixedly connected to the I-stage driven shaft via an A-type flat key.

[0010] The connection between the II-level swing telescopic arm and the I-level swing arm is a detachable rotation connection.

[0011] The II-level gear transmission component includes a II-level driving gear shaft, which is connected to a II-level stepping motor through a II-level coupling, and cooperates with a II-level driven gear. The II-level driven gear is sleeved on the II-level driven shaft and can drive the II-level driven shaft to rotate. The swing angle of the II-level swing telescopic arm is 180° which is symmetrical front and back around the II-level driven shaft.

[0012] The II-level swing telescopic arm can be fixedly connected to the II-level driven shaft via an A-type flat key.

[0013] The second-level swing telescopic arm is internally provided with a first oil cylinder, a first piston rod, a first piston and a first gear oil pump. The first piston is sleeved on one end of the first piston rod and can drive the first piston rod to move. The other end of the first piston rod passes through the second-level swing telescopic arm and is connected to the fixed claw through a connecting block. The first piston rod of the second-level swing telescopic arm can perform linear reciprocating motion under the action of the first gear oil pump and the first piston, and its linear reciprocating stroke distance is 0-133mm per stroke.

[0014] A second oil cylinder, a second piston rod, a second piston and a second gear oil pump are arranged inside the level III telescopic arm. The second piston is sleeved on one end of the second piston rod and can drive the second piston rod to move. The other end of the second piston rod passes through the level III telescopic arm and is connected to the storage tank through a connecting block. The storage tank is connected to the cladding head through a feed pipe.

[0015] The connection between the end of the level I swing arm and the support arm is a detachable rigid connection, and the connection between the bottom of the support arm and the rotating wheel is a detachable connection.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] 1. Since the cladding positioning requires precision, the utility model adopts a mechanical structure to minimize the error caused by external interference and ensure accurate and reliable transmission.

[0018] 2. The rotation of the I-level swing arm and the II-level swing telescopic arm of the utility model is completed by gear transmission. The purpose of this setting is that the gear transmission adopts the line contact mode of involute tooth profile for meshing, making the swing more linear and the force more uniform, so as to facilitate more accurate linear positioning of the cladding process.

[0019] 3. The I-level swing arm can swing within a 180° symmetrical range, thereby achieving coarse adjustment of the position of the II-level swing telescopic arm and the components behind it, saving time cost and improving cladding efficiency. The swing angle of the II-level swing telescopic arm is 180° symmetrical around the II-level driven shaft, which can achieve fine adjustment of the position of the telescopic arm and all components behind it, improving positioning accuracy.

[0020] 4. The utility model is different from the positioning method of traditional cladding machine tools, and solves the limitations of the existing laser cladding machine tool cladding positioning: for example, the spatial rectangular coordinate positioning method has a too limited range of three-dimensional coordinates. If you want to increase the positioning range, the freedom of movement in three directions without rigid support can easily lead to insufficient rigidity and jitter, thereby affecting the positioning accuracy; and the traditional cylindrical coordinate method has a limited positioning radius, which severely restricts its working environment; the utility model adopts two-stage swing, two-stage telescopic and a rigid rolling support to expand the coverage of cladding positioning, and has good practicality, and the gear transmission and hydraulic transmission can ensure the accuracy and controllability of the cladding head positioning, saving time cost and improving cladding efficiency.

[0021] 5. The first gear oil pump of the utility model cooperates with the first oil pipe to realize the movement of the first piston by changing the amount of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinders on both sides of the first piston, eliminating the need for devices such as reversing valves, achieving simplicity and high efficiency. When the cylinder body is well sealed, the cycle of replenishing hydraulic oil is extended, and the life cycle of the equipment can be effectively guaranteed, achieving simplicity and reliability, strong compatibility, and improving cladding efficiency.

[0022] 6. The utility model can provide the rigidity required by the cladding machine itself on the basis of ensuring wide positioning and high precision by setting a support arm, thereby improving stability and cladding efficiency, and solving the problem of large cladding errors caused by large geometric and form and position tolerances of the workpiece itself, or clamping process errors caused by wear and deformation of the workpiece during use when positioning is achieved by relying solely on workpiece feeding, thereby ensuring the accuracy and controllability of cladding head positioning and improving the stability and quality of the cladding layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the limit position of the movable device in the horizontal plane in the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part I;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of Part II;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of Part III;

[0028] In the figure: 1-machine tool base, 3-bed column, 4-A type flat key, 5-I-level driven shaft, 7-I-level coupling, 8-I-level driving gear shaft, 9-I-level stepping motor, 11-I-level driven gear, 13-I-level swing arm, 16-II-level coupling, 17-II-level stepping motor, 18-II-level driving gear shaft, 20-II-level driven gear, 22-II-level driven shaft, 24-front end of the first oil cylinder, 25-O-type sealing ring, 26-first piston, 27-II-level swing telescopic arm, 28-first gear oil pump, 29-first piston rod, 30-first oil cylinder rear end, 31-first oil pipe, 33-connecting block, 34-fixed claw, 39-second piston, 40-second piston rod, 41-second gear oil pump, 44-III-level telescopic arm, 47-feeding port, 48-storage tank, 49-feeding pipe, 50-cladding head, 51-support arm, 52-rotating wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiment of the utility model generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiment of the utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiment of the utility model. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0030] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a heat exchange equipment laser cladding machine tool includes a machine tool base 1, a first-level swing arm 13, a second-level swing telescopic arm 27 and a third-level telescopic arm 44. A detachable bed column 3 is arranged on the top of the machine tool base 1. The bed column 3 is provided with a first-level gear transmission component. The first-level swing arm 13 is rotatably connected with the bed column 3 through the first-level gear transmission component and the first-level stepping motor 9. The first-level stepping motor 9 is used to control the first-level swing arm 13 to swing. The end of the first-level swing arm 13 is provided with a second-level gear transmission component. The first-level swing telescopic arm 27 is rotationally connected with the first-level swing arm 13 through the second-level gear transmission component and the second-level stepping motor 17. A fixed claw 34 is provided at the end of the second-level swing telescopic arm 27. The fixed claw 34 grasps the third-level telescopic arm 44. A laser cladding storage tank 48 is provided at the bottom of the third-level telescopic arm 44. A feed port 47 is provided on the storage tank 48. A cladding head 50 is provided at the bottom of the storage tank 48. A support arm 51 is also provided at the end of the first-level swing arm 13. A rotating wheel 52 is provided at the bottom of the support arm 51.

[0033] The connection between the I-level swing arm 13 and the bed column 3 is a detachable and movable connection, and its kinematic pair is a rotation pair. The I-level swing arm 13 has one degree of freedom.

[0034] The first-stage gear transmission component includes a first-stage driving gear shaft 8, which is connected to a first-stage stepping motor 9 through a first-stage coupling 7. The first-stage driving gear shaft 8 cooperates with a first-stage driven gear 11, which is sleeved on the first-stage driven shaft 5 and can drive the first-stage driven shaft 5 to rotate. The swinging behavior working process of the first-stage swing arm 13 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, when the I-level stepper motor 9 rotates forward (clockwise when viewed from above), the I-level driving gear shaft 8 is driven to rotate synchronously through the I-level coupling 7, and the I-level driven gear 11 meshing therewith drives the I-level driven shaft 5 to rotate counterclockwise (viewed from above), thereby driving the I-level swing arm 13 to swing backward or even to the left rear; conversely, when the I-level stepper motor 9 rotates reversely (counterclockwise when viewed from above), the situation is the opposite.

[0035] The I-level swing arm 13 can be fixedly connected to the I-level driven shaft 5 through the A-type flat key 4. Under the power of the I-level stepping motor 9, the I-level swing arm 13 can swing around the axis of the I-level driven shaft 5 within a range of 180° in the plane, driving the end of the I-level swing arm 13 to move on a semicircular trajectory, and its initial position is recorded as A0, the extreme position of the backward swing is recorded as A1, and the extreme position of the forward swing is recorded as A2. The II-level swing telescopic arm 27 can sweep around the axis of the I-level driven shaft 5 in the plane under the drive of the I-level swing arm 13.

[0036] Embodiment 2:

[0037] On the basis of Example 1, this embodiment makes an improvement on the II-level swing telescopic arm 27, and the connection between the II-level swing telescopic arm 27 and the I-level swing arm 13 is a detachable rotatable connection.

[0038] The II-level gear transmission component includes a II-level driving gear shaft 18, which is connected to a II-level stepping motor 17 through a II-level coupling 16, and the II-level driving gear shaft 18 is matched with a II-level driven gear 20, which is sleeved on a II-level driven shaft 22 and can drive the II-level driven shaft 22 to rotate. The II-level swing telescopic arm 27 has the same swinging process principle as the I-level swing arm 13.

[0039] The II-level swing telescopic arm 27 can be fixedly connected to the II-level driven shaft 22 via an A-type flat key 4.

[0040] The second-level swing telescopic arm 27 is internally provided with a first oil cylinder, a first piston rod 29, a first piston 26 and a first gear oil pump 28. The first piston 26 is sleeved on one end of the first piston rod 29 and can drive the first piston rod 29 to move. The other end of the first piston rod 29 passes through the second-level swing telescopic arm 27 and is connected to the fixed claw 34 through a connecting block 33, which is a detachable rigid connection. The first oil cylinder includes a first oil cylinder front end 24 and a first oil cylinder rear end 30. An O-ring 25 for sealing is arranged between the first piston 26 and the first oil cylinder rear end 30.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the process of realizing the linear reciprocating movement freedom of the II-level swing telescopic arm 27 is described as follows: when the first piston rod 29 needs to move to the right, the first gear oil pump 28 pumps oil to the left, and at the same time reduces the amount of oil on the right side of the rear end 30 of the first oil cylinder. Conversely, when the first piston rod 29 needs to move to the left, the oil pumping direction is changed, and the normally incompressible property of the liquid is utilized to more accurately control the linear movement freedom of the first piston rod 29.

[0042] As a more specific design, such as Figure 4 As shown, when the driving gear (upper gear) of the first gear oil pump 28 rotates counterclockwise, it drives the driven gear (lower gear) meshing with it to rotate clockwise. At this time, the left side of the first gear oil pump 28 and the left side area of ​​the first oil pipe 31 are in a positive pressure state, on the contrary, the right side area is in a negative pressure state, so that the hydraulic oil on the right side of the rear end 30 of the first oil cylinder flows into the left side through the first gear oil pump 28, and then the oil volume on both sides changes, pushing the first piston 26 to move right and driving the first piston rod 29 to move right to achieve the extension of the II-level swing telescopic arm 27, and vice versa, it can be retracted, which can effectively expand the working range of the cladding head 50 and improve the cladding efficiency. The maximum rightward movement of the first piston rod 29 is 133mm.

[0043] The II-level swing telescopic arm 27 can swing within a range of 180° around the axis of the II-level driven shaft 22, and the I-level swing arm 13 can swing within a range of 180° around the axis of the I-level driven shaft 5 in the plane. Under the combined effect of the two-level swing, the end of the II-level swing telescopic arm 27 can swing from the initial position B0 to the left rear to the extreme position B1, and swing to the left front to the extreme position B2; in addition, the first piston rod 29 inside the II-level swing telescopic arm 27 can realize linear reciprocating motion under the power of the first gear oil pump 28, thereby increasing the coverage range of the cladding head 50, so that its extreme position is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, when the first piston rod 29 is extended to the longest position, the initial position of the cladding head 50 is recorded as B0'. Under the combined action of the two-stage swing and telescopic, its extreme position to the left rear can reach B1', and its extreme position to the left front can reach B2'. The rotation process of the I-level swing arm 13 and the II-level swing telescopic arm 27 can be compared to the movement trajectory of stars and planets, wherein the I-level swing arm 13 swings around the axis of the I-level driven shaft 5 within a range of 180°, and the axis of the I-level driven shaft 5 can be regarded as a star, and the II-level swing telescopic arm 27 can not only revolve around it 180°, but also rotate around the axis of the II-level driven shaft 22 within a range of 180°, so that it has a wider range of positioning applications.

[0044] The swing radius of the level I swing arm 13 is 330 mm, starting from the axis of the level I driven shaft 5 to the axis of the level II driven shaft 22. The straight-line distance of the level II swing telescopic arm 27 from the axis of the level II driven shaft 22 to the initial position B0 of the axis of the level III telescopic arm 44 is 320 mm.

[0045] Embodiment 3:

[0046] On the basis of Example 1, this embodiment makes an improvement on the III-level telescopic arm 44. The III-level telescopic arm 44 is provided with a second oil cylinder, a second piston rod 40, a second piston 39 and a second gear oil pump 41. The second piston 39 is sleeved on one end of the second piston rod 40 and can drive the second piston rod 40 to move. The other end of the second piston rod 40 passes through the III-level telescopic arm 44 and is connected to the storage tank 48 through the connecting block 33. The storage tank 48 is connected to the cladding head 50 through the feed pipe 49. The working principle of the III-level telescopic arm 44 is the same as the working principle of the linear reciprocating freedom of the II-level swing telescopic arm 27, and the motion range in the Z-axis direction is 0-170mm.

[0047] Embodiment 4:

[0048] On the basis of Examples 1-3, this example improves the level I swing arm 13. The connection between the end of the level I swing arm 13 and the support arm 51 is a detachable rigid connection, and the connection between the bottom of the support arm 51 and the rotating wheel 52 is a detachable connection.

[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model. It should be understood that the utility model is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the utility model.

Claims

1. A laser cladding machine tool for heat exchange equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a machine tool base (1), a first-level swing arm (13), a second-level swing telescopic arm (27) and a third-level telescopic arm (44), wherein a detachable bed column (3) is arranged on the top of the machine tool base (1), and the bed column (3) is provided with a first-level gear transmission component, and the first-level swing arm (13) is rotatably connected to the bed column (3) through the first-level gear transmission component and the first-level stepping motor (9), and the end of the first-level swing arm (13) is provided with a second-level gear transmission component. The second-level swing telescopic arm (27) is rotatably connected to the first-level swing arm (13) through the second-level gear transmission component and the second-level stepping motor (17); a fixed claw (34) is provided at the end of the second-level swing telescopic arm (27); the fixed claw (34) grasps the third-level telescopic arm (44); a storage tank (48) is provided at the bottom of the third-level telescopic arm (44); and a cladding head (50) is provided at the bottom of the storage tank (48); A support arm (51) is also provided at the end of the first-level swing arm (13), and a rotating wheel (52) is provided at the bottom of the support arm (51).

2. A heat exchange equipment laser cladding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the first-level swing arm (13) and the bed column (3) is a detachable and movable connection, the kinematic pair is a rotation pair, and the first-level swing arm (13) has one degree of freedom.

3. A heat exchange equipment laser cladding machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first-stage gear transmission component comprises a first-stage driving gear shaft (8), the first-stage driving gear shaft (8) is connected to a first-stage stepping motor (9) via a first-stage coupling (7), the first-stage driving gear shaft (8) is matched with a first-stage driven gear (11), the first-stage driven gear (11) is sleeved on the first-stage driven shaft (5), and can drive the first-stage driven shaft (5) to rotate.

4. A heat exchange equipment laser cladding machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first-level swing arm (13) can be fixedly connected to the first-level driven shaft (5) via an A-type flat key (4).

5. The laser cladding machine tool for heat exchange equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the II-level swing telescopic arm (27) and the I-level swing arm (13) is a detachable rotation connection.

6. The laser cladding machine tool for heat exchange equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The II-level gear transmission component comprises a II-level driving gear shaft (18), the II-level driving gear shaft (18) is connected to a II-level stepping motor (17) via a II-level coupling (16), the II-level driving gear shaft (18) is matched with a II-level driven gear (20), the II-level driven gear (20) is sleeved on a II-level driven shaft (22), and can drive the II-level driven shaft (22) to rotate.

7. A heat exchange equipment laser cladding machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The II-level swing telescopic arm (27) can be fixedly connected to the II-level driven shaft (22) via an A-type flat key (4).

8. A laser cladding machine tool for heat exchange equipment according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The second-level swing telescopic arm (27) is internally provided with a first oil cylinder, a first piston rod (29), a first piston (26) and a first gear oil pump (28); the first piston (26) is sleeved on one end of the first piston rod (29) and can drive the first piston rod (29) to move; the other end of the first piston rod (29) passes through the second-level swing telescopic arm (27) and is connected to a fixed claw (34) through a connecting block (33).

9. The laser cladding machine tool for heat exchange equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third-level telescopic arm (44) is provided with a second oil cylinder, a second piston rod (40), a second piston (39) and a second gear oil pump (41). The second piston (39) is sleeved on one end of the second piston rod (40) and can drive the second piston rod (40) to move. The other end of the second piston rod (40) passes through the third-level telescopic arm (44) and is connected to a storage tank (48) through a connecting block (33). The storage tank (48) is connected to a cladding head (50) through a feed pipe (49).

10. The laser cladding machine tool for heat exchange equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the end of the I-level swing arm (13) and the support arm (51) is a detachable rigid connection, and the connection between the bottom of the support arm (51) and the rotating wheel (52) is a detachable connection.

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