Self-fixing drag hook system for knee joint operation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-fixing drag hook system for knee joint surgery, which belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and comprises a drag hook and a drag hook fixing device positioned below the drag hook, the drag hook comprises a handle and a hook body, the upper end of the handle is connected with the upper end of the hook body through an arc-shaped bending part, and the upper end of the hook body is connected with the lower end of the hook body. A crow plate is arranged at the lower end of the hook body, and the handle comprises a straight plate part located on the upper portion and an inclined plate part located on the lower portion and inclined outwards. The drag hook fixing device comprises a positioning piece used for being fixed to the far end of the shank, a traction piece is arranged on the positioning piece, and the tail end of the traction piece is connected with an inclined plate part of the drag hook. According to the self-fixing drag hook system for the knee joint operation, self-fixing of the drag hook can be achieved, assistance of extra doctors is not needed, the visual field is expanded, the operation visual field is conveniently exposed for operation operation, operation is easy and convenient, and operation development is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a self-fixing retractor system for knee joint surgery. Background Art

[0002] With the aging of society, the number of middle-aged and elderly people suffering from degenerative diseases of the knee joints is increasing year by year, and severe joint pain, deformity and movement dysfunction will occur in the late stage. Knee replacement is the main means of treating severe osteoarthritis in the middle and late stages. It can effectively relieve pain and restore joint function and mobility, and has therefore been widely used in clinical practice.

[0003] Knee surgery retractors are commonly used surgical instruments in knee surgery. In order to expose the surgical field of view, four retractors are needed, two of which are used to pull apart the skin and subcutaneous tissues at the distal end of the femur, one is used to block the medial collateral ligament, and one is used to block the outward-moving patella. Due to the high tension of the soft tissue, intraoperative exposure is difficult and requires the assistance of at least two doctors. The operation time is long, the space is limited, the operation is cumbersome, and it is not convenient to carry out the operation. Especially during robot surgery, infrared light will be blocked, affecting surgical positioning.

[0004] Although various knee surgery retractors are disclosed in the prior art, such as utility model patent CN203208064U discloses a retractor for knee replacement surgery, CN211862874U discloses a protective retractor device for the collateral ligament of the knee joint, and CN209220369U discloses a movable knee femoral condyle lifting retractor, etc., these retractors cannot achieve self-fixation, which is a shortcoming of the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a self-fixing retractor system for knee joint surgery which can realize self-fixation of the retractor and is easy to operate and convenient for carrying out the surgery.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A self-fixing hook system for knee joint surgery, comprising a hook and a hook fixing device located below the hook, wherein:

[0008] The pull hook comprises a handle and a hook body, the upper end of the handle is connected to the upper end of the hook body through an arc-shaped bending portion, the lower end of the hook body is provided with a pry plate, and the handle comprises a straight plate portion located at the upper end and an inclined plate portion located at the lower end and inclined outward;

[0009] The hook fixing device comprises a positioning piece for fixing at the distal end of the calf, the positioning piece is provided with a traction piece, and the end of the traction piece is connected to the inclined plate portion of the hook.

[0010] Furthermore, wing plates are provided on both sides of the hook body;

[0011] And / or, the pry plate is designed to be gradually narrowed from top to bottom;

[0012] And / or, the handle is designed to be gradually wider from top to bottom;

[0013] And / or, the inclined plate portion is provided with a connecting hole or an open groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the angle between the handle and the hook body is 10 degrees to 20 degrees;

[0015] And / or, the ratio of the chord length of the arc-shaped bending portion to the length of the hook body is 2 / 3-1;

[0016] And / or, the number of the pulling hooks and the pulling member is the same and both are at least two.

[0017] Furthermore, the arc-shaped bending portion includes a front bending section and a rear bending section that are lockably hingedly connected, the front bending section is provided with a pair of first hinge lugs at the hinge, the rear bending section is provided with a pair of second hinge lugs at the hinge, and adjustment bolts are passed through the pair of first hinge lugs and the pair of second hinge lugs.

[0018] Furthermore, the pair of first hinged lugs are each provided with a light hole for the adjusting bolt to pass through;

[0019] One of the pair of second hinged lugs is provided with a light hole for the adjusting bolt to pass through, and the other is provided with a threaded hole matched with the adjusting bolt.

[0020] Furthermore, the adjacent first hinged lug and the second hinged lug have matching tooth surfaces on their opposite end surfaces;

[0021] And / or, the pair of first hinged lugs and the pair of second hinged lugs are arranged alternately, a spring is sleeved on the middle part of the adjusting bolt, one end of the spring abuts against one of the first hinged lugs, and the other end abuts against one of the second hinged lugs.

[0022] Furthermore, the positioning member is a first Velcro used to surround and attach to the calf, and the traction member is a second Velcro.

[0023] Furthermore, the width of the first Velcro is greater than the width of the second Velcro, and one end of the second Velcro connected to the first Velcro is a widened connection portion.

[0024] Furthermore, the hook fixing device also includes a covering substrate arranged on the inner side of the first Velcro, and the covering substrate and the opposite end surfaces of the first Velcro are provided with a limiting structure that can prevent the first Velcro from moving upward but does not affect the first Velcro from moving downward.

[0025] Furthermore, the outer surface of the covering substrate is provided with a laterally extending limiting convex rib, and the inner surface of the first Velcro is provided with an inverted tooth capable of passing over the limiting convex rib downward, and the limiting convex rib and the inverted tooth form the limiting structure;

[0026] And / or, the cladding substrate is annular and is formed by hingedly connecting two C-shaped plates;

[0027] And / or, a rubber pad is provided on the inner surface of the coating substrate.

[0028] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The utility model discloses a self-fixing retractor system for knee joint surgery, comprising a retractor and a retractor fixing device. On the one hand, the retractor is designed with a special shape, has a good spreading effect, and is convenient for realizing traction self-fixation. Specifically, the retractor comprises a handle and a hook body, the upper end of the handle is connected to the upper end of the hook body through an arc-shaped bending part, and the lower end of the hook body is provided with a prying plate, which contacts the lower part of the tibial plateau for easy positioning and fixing. The arc-shaped bending part can avoid soft tissue extrusion, and the handle comprises a straight plate part located at the upper part and an inclined plate part located at the lower part and inclined outwardly, the inclined plate part is inclined outwardly to increase the distance between the retractor and the calf, which is convenient for operation, and cooperates with the arc-shaped bending part to increase the overall elasticity of the retractor, which is more convenient for traction adjustment; on the other hand, the retractor fixing device comprises a positioning member for fixing at the distal end of the calf, the positioning member is provided with a traction member, and the end of the traction member is connected to the inclined plate part of the retractor, so that the retractor fixing device is composed of a split positioning member and a traction member, and is convenient for installation and connection. Therefore, the knee joint surgery self-fixing retractor system of the utility model can realize self-fixation of the retractor without the need for additional doctor assistance, thereby expanding the field of view, making it convenient to expose the surgical field for surgical operations, and is easy to operate and convenient for carrying out the surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the use state of the embodiment 1 of the self-fixating hook system for knee joint surgery of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle retractor, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a stereogram;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the hinge at the upper end of the middle hook, where (a) is an exploded structural diagram and (b) is a three-dimensional diagram;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the use state of Embodiment 2 of the self-fixating hook system for knee joint surgery of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle retractor;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 1 and Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning member, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is a top view;

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 1 and Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle traction member, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is a right view;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a hook fixing device in an improved embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coated substrate, where (a) is the outer surface structure diagram after the coated substrate is unfolded, and (b) is the top view of the coated substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical problems to be solved, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0041] The utility model provides a self-fixing hook system for knee joint surgery. Figure 1-7 As shown, it includes a hook 1 and a hook fixing device located below the hook 1, wherein:

[0042] The hook 1 includes a handle 11 and a hook body 12. The upper end of the handle 11 is connected to the upper end of the hook body 12 through an arc-shaped bending portion 13. The lower end of the hook body 12 is provided with a pry plate 14. The handle 11 includes a straight plate portion 11a located at the upper part and an inclined plate portion 11b located at the lower part and inclined outward.

[0043] The hook fixing device comprises a positioning member 2 for fixing at the distal end of the calf, a traction member 3 is provided on the positioning member 2, and the end of the traction member 3 is connected to the inclined plate portion 11b of the hook 1. The number of the hook 1 and the traction member 3 is the same and preferably at least two, so as to facilitate the operation.

[0044] When using, the operation steps can be referred to as follows:

[0045] 1) Fix the positioning member 2 at the distal end of the calf to ensure that it does not move toward the proximal end;

[0046] 2) After the knee joint is opened, insert retractor 1 to block the soft tissue;

[0047] 3) Use the traction member 3 to connect and fix the positioning member 2 fixed at the distal end of the calf to the retractor 1, that is, connect the end of the traction member 3 to the inclined plate portion 11b of the retractor 1;

[0048] 4) Repeat steps 2) and 3) in sequence to fix the required retractor 1.

[0049] The utility model discloses a self-fixing retractor system for knee joint surgery, comprising a retractor and a retractor fixing device. On the one hand, the retractor is designed with a special shape, has a good spreading effect, and is convenient for realizing traction self-fixation. Specifically, the retractor comprises a handle and a hook body, the upper end of the handle is connected to the upper end of the hook body through an arc-shaped bending part, and the lower end of the hook body is provided with a prying plate, which contacts the lower part of the tibial plateau for easy positioning and fixing. The arc-shaped bending part can avoid soft tissue extrusion, and the handle comprises a straight plate part located at the upper part and an inclined plate part located at the lower part and inclined outwardly, the inclined plate part is inclined outwardly to increase the distance between the retractor and the calf, which is convenient for operation, and cooperates with the arc-shaped bending part to increase the overall elasticity of the retractor, which is more convenient for traction adjustment; on the other hand, the retractor fixing device comprises a positioning member for fixing at the distal end of the calf, the positioning member is provided with a traction member, and the end of the traction member is connected to the inclined plate part of the retractor, so that the retractor fixing device is composed of a split positioning member and a traction member, and is convenient for installation and connection. Therefore, the knee joint surgery self-fixing retractor system of the utility model can realize self-fixation of the retractor without the need for additional doctor assistance, thereby expanding the field of view, making it convenient to expose the surgical field for surgical operations, and is easy to operate and convenient for carrying out the surgery.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, wings 121 may be provided on both sides of the hook body 12 to increase the area to better block the soft tissue. The pry plate 14 may be designed to be gradually narrowed from top to bottom, and the gradually narrowed structure is convenient for insertion. The handle 11 may be designed to be gradually widened from top to bottom to facilitate holding and improve overall strength.

[0051] To facilitate the connection of the traction member 3, as Figure 2As shown, the inclined plate portion 11b may be provided with a connecting hole 111 (specifically, a circular hole). In specific implementation, the connecting holes 111 may be two, one at the top and one at the bottom. The connecting holes 111 may be selected as needed; or, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, an open groove 112 may be provided on the inclined plate portion 11 b . In a specific implementation, the open groove 112 may be located on one side or both sides of the lower end of the handle 1 .

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown in (b), the angle α between the handle 11 and the hook body 12 can be 10 degrees to 20 degrees, such as 13 degrees, 15 degrees, 18 degrees, etc., and this angle has the best effect. The ratio of the chord length L1 of the arc-shaped bending portion 13 to the length L2 of the hook body 12 can be 2 / 3-1, at which time the retractor 1 has good elasticity and good opening and fixing effects.

[0053] The retractor 1 in the present invention can be a retractor with a fixed head angle or a retractor with an adjustable head angle, which are respectively described as follows.

[0054] Embodiment 1 (retractor with adjustable head angle)

[0055] To facilitate the adjustment of the head angle of the retractor 1, Figure 2-3 As shown, the arc-shaped bending portion 13 includes a front bending section 131 and a rear bending section 132 that are lockably hingedly connected, the front bending section 131 is provided with a pair of first hinge lugs 133 at the hinge, and the rear bending section 132 is provided with a pair of second hinge lugs 134 at the hinge. An adjusting bolt 135 is inserted through the pair of first hinge lugs 133 and the pair of second hinge lugs 134, so that the arc-shaped bending portion 13 can adjust the angle by rotating the adjusting bolt 135 as the hinge axis. The outer surface of the operating portion of the adjusting bolt 135 can be provided with an anti-slip groove, and the inside of the operating portion can be provided with an operating hole (such as an inner hexagonal hole, etc.) to facilitate the operator's operation.

[0056] In order to facilitate the lockable connection between the front curved section 131 and the rear curved section 132, the following structural form is preferably adopted:

[0057] The pair of first hinged lugs 133 are each provided with a light hole for the adjusting bolt 135 to pass through;

[0058] One of the pair of second hinged lugs 134 is provided with a light hole for the adjusting bolt 135 to pass through, and the other is provided with a threaded hole matched with the adjusting bolt 135 .

[0059] During assembly, the adjusting bolt 135 passes through the optical hole of the first hinged lug 133 and the optical hole of the second hinged lug 134, and then cooperates with the threaded hole of the second hinged lug 134. In this way, tightening the adjusting bolt 135 can lock the angle between the front bending section 131 and the rear bending section 132, and loosening the adjusting bolt 135 can adjust the angle between the front bending section 131 and the rear bending section 132.

[0060] The adjacent first hinge lug 133 and the second hinge lug 134 may be provided with matching tooth surfaces 136 (specifically, rat-tooth surfaces) on their opposite end surfaces. Through the matching of the tooth surfaces, the angle between the front bending section 131 and the rear bending section 132 can be locked more firmly.

[0061] Furthermore, a pair of first hinge lugs 133 and a pair of second hinge lugs 134 are arranged alternately, and a spring 137 is sleeved on the middle of the adjustment bolt 135, one end of the spring 137 abuts against one of the first hinge lugs 133, and the other end abuts against one of the second hinge lugs 134. In this way, the spring 137 is used in conjunction with the front curved section 131 and the rear curved section 132, and the spring 137 plays a supporting role, supporting the front curved section 131 and the rear curved section 132 to engage the tooth surfaces, so that the tooth surfaces 136 between the adjacent first hinge lugs 133 and the second hinge lugs 134 are always in an engaged state when the angle is not adjusted, thereby achieving pre-locking.

[0062] Embodiment 2 (retractor with fixed head angle)

[0063] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the arc-shaped bending portion 13 of the hook 1 in this embodiment is of an integrated design, with a fixed head angle and a firm structure.

[0064] The positioning member 2 and the pulling member 3 can be various structural forms that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art. For the convenience of implementation, preferably, Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6-7 As shown, the positioning member 2 is a first Velcro used to surround and attach to the calf, and the traction member 3 is a second Velcro.

[0065] In this way, the first Velcro is installed around the distal end of the calf and tightened to prevent the first Velcro from moving toward the knee joint. The second Velcro cooperates with the retractor 1, and the length of the second Velcro can be adjusted to tighten and fix the retractor 1. The second Velcro can be adjusted at will on the pasting position of the first Velcro, which can expand the field of view and facilitate exposure of the surgical field for surgical operations. Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, reference numeral 2a denotes a proximal end, and reference numeral 2b denotes a distal end.

[0066] The width of the first Velcro is preferably greater than that of the second Velcro, so that the positioning piece 2 is relatively wide and can be installed more securely, and the traction piece 3 is relatively narrow, which is convenient for connecting the hook 1; one end of the second Velcro connected to the first Velcro can be a widened connecting part 31, that is, the bonding position of the second Velcro and the first Velcro is widened to improve the fixing strength.

[0067] It is understandable that as the operation progresses, when the pulling force of a single retractor 1 is insufficient, the retractor 1 can be tightened and fixed by adjusting the length of the corresponding second Velcro; however, when the pulling force of multiple retractors 1 is insufficient, the method of adjusting the second Velcro one by one is too cumbersome. Figure 8-9 In the improved embodiment shown, the hook fixing device also includes a coating substrate 4 (specifically, it can be a plastic plate, and the height of the coating substrate 4 is greater than the height of the first Velcro) arranged on the inner side of the first Velcro (i.e., the positioning member 2), and the relative end surfaces of the coating substrate 4 and the first Velcro are provided with a limiting structure that can prevent the first Velcro from moving upward but does not affect the downward movement of the first Velcro.

[0068] In a specific implementation, the outer surface of the covering substrate 4 can be provided with a laterally extending limiting rib 41, and the inner surface of the first Velcro is provided with an inverted tooth 21 that can pass downward over the limiting rib 41, and the limiting rib 41 and the inverted tooth 21 form a limiting structure.

[0069] When in use, the covering substrate 4 can be kept stationary, and the first Velcro can be dragged downward to move downward along the surface of the covering substrate 4. At this time, the inverted teeth 21 on the inner surface of the first Velcro pass downward over the limiting ribs 41 on the outer surface of the covering substrate 4, and the inverted teeth 21 can cooperate with the limiting ribs 41 to prevent the first Velcro from moving upward, so that all the hooks 1 can be tightened at the same time, which is convenient and efficient to use.

[0070] To conveniently cover the patient's calf, the covering base plate 4 may be annular and formed by hingedly connecting two C-shaped plates 42 ; a rubber pad 5 may be provided on the inner surface of the covering base plate 4 to increase friction and improve the stability of the covering base plate 4 .

[0071] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-fixating retractor system for knee joint surgery, characterized in that: It comprises a hook and a hook fixing device located below the hook, wherein: The pull hook comprises a handle and a hook body, the upper end of the handle is connected to the upper end of the hook body through an arc-shaped bending portion, the lower end of the hook body is provided with a pry plate, and the handle comprises a straight plate portion located at the upper end and an inclined plate portion located at the lower end and inclined outward; The hook fixing device comprises a positioning piece for fixing at the distal end of the calf, the positioning piece is provided with a traction piece, and the end of the traction piece is connected to the inclined plate portion of the hook.

2. The self-fixating hook system for knee joint surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wing plates are provided on both sides of the hook body; And / or, the pry plate is designed to be gradually narrowed from top to bottom; And / or, the handle is designed to be gradually wider from top to bottom; And / or, the inclined plate portion is provided with a connecting hole or an open groove.

3. The self-fixating hook system for knee joint surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the handle and the hook body is 10 degrees to 20 degrees; And / or, the ratio of the chord length of the arc-shaped bending portion to the length of the hook body is 2 / 3-1; And / or, the number of the pulling hooks and the pulling member is the same and both are at least two.

4. The self-fixating hook system for knee joint surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped bending portion includes a front bending section and a rear bending section which are lockably hingedly connected, the front bending section is provided with a pair of first hinge lugs at the hinge, the rear bending section is provided with a pair of second hinge lugs at the hinge, and adjustment bolts are passed through the pair of first hinge lugs and the pair of second hinge lugs.

5. The self-fixating hook system for knee joint surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pair of first hinged lugs are each provided with a light hole for the adjusting bolt to pass through; One of the pair of second hinged lugs is provided with a light hole for the adjusting bolt to pass through, and the other is provided with a threaded hole matched with the adjusting bolt.

6. The self-fixating hook system for knee joint surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjacent first hinged lug and the second hinged lug have matching tooth surfaces on their opposite end surfaces; And / or, the pair of first hinged lugs and the pair of second hinged lugs are arranged alternately, a spring is sleeved on the middle part of the adjusting bolt, one end of the spring abuts against one of the first hinged lugs, and the other end abuts against one of the second hinged lugs.

7. The self-fixating hook system for knee joint surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The positioning piece is a first Velcro used for surrounding and sticking on the calf, and the traction piece is a second Velcro.

8. The self-fixating hook system for knee joint surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The width of the first Velcro is greater than that of the second Velcro, and one end of the second Velcro connected to the first Velcro is a widened connection portion.

9. The self-fixating hook system for knee joint surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hook fixing device also includes a covering substrate arranged on the inner side of the first Velcro, and the covering substrate and the opposite end surfaces of the first Velcro are provided with a limiting structure that can prevent the first Velcro from moving upward but does not affect the first Velcro from moving downward.

10. The self-fixating retractor system for knee joint surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer surface of the covering substrate is provided with a laterally extending limiting rib, and the inner surface of the first Velcro is provided with an inverted tooth capable of passing over the limiting rib downwards, and the limiting rib and the inverted tooth form the limiting structure; And / or, the cladding substrate is annular and is formed by hingedly connecting two C-shaped plates; And / or, a rubber pad is provided on the inner surface of the coating substrate.

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