High-low voltage isolation system for motor

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-low voltage isolation system for a motor, and relates to the technical field of motor control, the high-low voltage isolation system comprises an H-bridge driving circuit, a first optical coupling isolator and a second optical coupling isolator, the H-bridge driving circuit comprises a forward rotation control end and a reverse rotation control end; the signal output end of the single-chip microcomputer is in signal connection with the input end of the first optical coupling isolator, and the output end of the first optical coupling isolator is electrically connected with the forward rotation control end of the H-bridge drive circuit. The signal output end of the single-chip microcomputer is in signal connection with the input end of the second optical coupling isolator, and the output end of the second optical coupling isolator is electrically connected with the reverse control end of the H-bridge drive circuit. The first optical coupled isolator receives a low-level signal and is communicated with the forward rotation control end, and the second optical coupled isolator receives a high-level signal and is communicated with the reverse rotation control end. According to the invention, the single-chip microcomputer and the H-bridge control circuit can be isolated, and isolation protection is provided for the single-chip microcomputer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of motor control technology, and in particular to a high-low voltage isolation system for a motor. Background Art

[0002] The DC reduction motor has a simple structure, low cost, and high power, and is widely used as an actuator in actual production. The DC reduction motor is composed of a motor and a gear reducer. Since the gear reducer has different reduction ratios, the DC reduction motor can have many different speeds for users to choose from, which brings great convenience to the application.

[0003] In the prior art, common motors are mainly controlled by a single-chip microcomputer controlling an H-bridge drive circuit for forward and reverse rotation. The pins of the single-chip microcomputer are directly connected to the forward control terminal and the reverse control terminal of the H-bridge drive circuit. The motor is controlled to rotate forward or reverse by inputting high and low levels of the single-chip microcomputer and matching an NPN transistor. In common motor drive circuits, the single-chip microcomputer and the motor power supply share a common ground.

[0004] However, in actual application, if the motor is at high voltage, the microcontroller and the motor power supply share the same ground, which will cause safety problems. At the same time, when the motor is damaged by the high voltage, it is easy to cause damage to the microcontroller. There is room for improvement. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to reduce the damage to the single-chip microcomputer caused by the pulse signal generated by the damaged motor and isolate the single-chip microcomputer from the H-bridge drive circuit, the present application provides a high and low voltage isolation system for the motor.

[0006] The present application provides a high and low voltage isolation system for a motor using the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-low voltage isolation system for a motor includes an H-bridge drive circuit, a first optocoupler isolator, and a second optocoupler isolator, wherein the H-bridge drive circuit includes a forward control terminal and a reverse control terminal;

[0008] The signal output terminal of the single chip microcomputer is signal-connected to the input terminal of the first optocoupler isolator, and the output terminal of the first optocoupler isolator is electrically connected to the forward control terminal of the H-bridge drive circuit;

[0009] The signal output terminal of the single chip microcomputer is signal-connected to the input terminal of the second optocoupler isolator, and the output terminal of the second optocoupler isolator is electrically connected to the inversion control terminal of the H-bridge drive circuit;

[0010] The first optocoupler isolator receives a low level signal and is connected to the forward control end, and the second optocoupler isolator receives a high level signal and is connected to the reverse control end.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the motor is put into actual use, a low-level signal or a high-level signal is input through the single-chip microcomputer. When the single-chip microcomputer outputs a low-level signal, the first optocoupler isolator receives the low-level signal and connects to the forward control end of the H-bridge drive circuit, so that the forward control circuit of the H-bridge drive circuit is turned on to achieve the technical effect of controlling the forward rotation of the motor; when the single-chip microcomputer outputs a low-level signal, the second optocoupler isolator receives a high-level signal and connects to the reverse control end of the H-bridge drive circuit, and the H-bridge drive circuit controls the reverse rotation of the motor, which can achieve the technical effect of controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor under the condition of isolating the single-chip microcomputer. When the motor is damaged by the high and low voltages, the interference signal generated is difficult to interfere with the single-chip microcomputer through the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator, which can provide a good isolation protection effect for the single-chip microcomputer and extend the service life of the single-chip microcomputer.

[0012] Preferably, the forward control end includes a transistor Q7, a resistor R52 is connected in series between the transistor Q7 and the output end of the first optocoupler isolator, and a filter capacitor C33 is connected in parallel between both ends of the resistor R52.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the voltage signal output by the first optocoupler isolator is divided by the resistor R52 and then filtered by the filter capacitor C33 and transmitted to the transistor Q7. The control accuracy can be improved. When the motor is damaged and generates a pulse signal, the filter capacitor C33 can filter out the interference signal, providing effective protection for the first optocoupler isolator.

[0014] Preferably, a protection resistor R48 is arranged in series between the resistor R52 and the first optical coupler isolator, and the protection resistor R48 is a bias resistor.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the bias resistor R48 is connected in series between the resistor R52 and the first optocoupler isolator, which can stabilize the working state of the first optocoupler isolator and extend the service life of the first optocoupler isolator.

[0016] Preferably, the inversion control end includes a transistor Q8, a resistor R53 is connected in series between the transistor Q8 and the output end of the second optical coupler isolator, and a filter capacitor C34 is connected in parallel between both ends of the resistor R53.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the voltage signal output by the second optocoupler isolator is divided by the resistor R53 and then filtered by the filter capacitor C34 before being transmitted to the transistor Q8. This can improve the control accuracy. When the motor is damaged and generates a pulse signal, the filter capacitor C34 can filter out the interference signal, thereby providing effective protection for the second optocoupler isolator.

[0018] Preferably, a protection resistor R49 is arranged in series between the resistor R53 and the second optical coupler isolator, and the protection resistor R49 is a bias resistor.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the bias resistor R48 is connected in series between the resistor R53 and the first optocoupler isolator, which can stabilize the working state of the second optocoupler isolator and extend the service life of the first optocoupler isolator.

[0020] Preferably, a protection resistor R44 and a protection resistor R45 are respectively connected in series to the input ends of the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the protection resistor R44 and the protection resistor R45 can respectively isolate the input power supply of the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator, thereby preventing the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator from being damaged due to overvoltage and overcurrent.

[0022] Preferably, a sampling circuit is connected in series to the ground terminal of the H-bridge driving circuit, and the sampling circuit collects the operating voltage signal of the H-bridge driving circuit and outputs an operating status signal;

[0023] The signal output terminal of the sampling circuit is connected to a signal processor, and the signal processor receives the operation status signal and outputs an alarm signal when the operation status is abnormal;

[0024] The signal output terminal of the signal processor is connected to a buzzer, and the buzzer receives the alarm signal and emits a warning sound.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the sampling circuit, signal processor and buzzer are matched and used with each other, and the buzzer can be automatically controlled to prompt the user to shut down the motor when the motor is in a high-voltage or low-voltage operating state, thereby avoiding accidents caused by the motor running in a continuous high-voltage or low-voltage state.

[0026] In summary, the high and low voltage isolation system for a motor in the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. Through the mutual matching and use of the first optocoupler isolator, the second optocoupler isolator and the H-bridge drive circuit, when the single-chip microcomputer outputs a low-level signal, the first optocoupler isolator receives the low-level signal and connects to the forward control end of the H-bridge drive circuit, so that the forward control circuit of the H-bridge drive circuit is turned on, so as to achieve the technical effect of controlling the forward rotation of the motor; when the single-chip microcomputer outputs a low-level signal, the second optocoupler isolator receives a high-level signal and connects to the reverse control end of the H-bridge drive circuit, and the H-bridge drive circuit controls the reverse rotation of the motor, which can achieve the technical effect of controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor under the condition of isolating the single-chip microcomputer. When the motor is damaged by the high and low voltages, the interference signal generated is difficult to interfere with the single-chip microcomputer through the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator, which can provide a good isolation protection effect for the single-chip microcomputer and extend the service life of the single-chip microcomputer;

[0028] 2. By matching and using the resistor R52, the filter capacitor C33, the resistor R53 and the filter capacitor C34, the interference signal carried in the signal transmitted to the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator can be filtered out, thereby improving the accuracy of signal control. When the motor is damaged and the H-bridge drive circuit generates a pulse interference signal, the interference signal can be filtered to reduce the adverse effects on the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator;

[0029] 3. By using the bias resistors R48 and R49, the working states of the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator can be stabilized, and the service life of the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator can be extended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application for demonstrating the circuit connection relationship of a high and low voltage isolation system.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application for demonstrating internal signal transmission of a high and low voltage isolation system.

[0032] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. H-bridge driving circuit; 2. first optocoupler isolator; 3. second optocoupler isolator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is combined with Figure 1-2 This application is described in further detail.

[0034] Example

[0035] The present application embodiment discloses a high and low voltage isolation system for a motor. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including an H-bridge driving circuit 1, a first optocoupler isolator 2, and a second optocoupler isolator 3. The H-bridge driving circuit 1 includes a forward control terminal and a reverse control terminal.

[0036] The signal output terminal of the single chip microcomputer is signal-connected to the input terminal of the first optocoupler isolator 2 , and the output terminal of the first optocoupler isolator 2 is electrically connected to the forward control terminal of the H-bridge driving circuit 1 .

[0037] The signal output terminal of the single chip microcomputer is signal-connected to the input terminal of the second optocoupler isolator 3 , and the output terminal of the second optocoupler isolator 3 is electrically connected to the inversion control terminal of the H-bridge driving circuit 1 .

[0038] The first optocoupler isolator 2 receives a low level signal and is connected to the forward control terminal, and the second optocoupler isolator 3 receives a high level signal and is connected to the reverse control terminal.

[0039] When the motor is put into actual use, a low level signal or a high level signal is input through the single chip microcomputer. When the single chip microcomputer outputs a low level signal, the first optical coupler isolator 2 receives the low level signal and connects to the forward control terminal of the H-bridge drive circuit 1, so that the forward control circuit of the H-bridge drive circuit 1 is turned on, so as to achieve the technical effect of controlling the forward rotation of the motor.

[0040] When the single-chip microcomputer outputs a low-level signal, the second optocoupler isolator 3 receives a high-level signal and is connected to the reversing control end of the H-bridge drive circuit 1. The H-bridge drive circuit 1 controls the motor reversal, thereby achieving the technical effect of controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor while isolating the single-chip microcomputer. When the motor is damaged by high voltage, the interference signal generated is difficult to interfere with the single-chip microcomputer through the first optocoupler isolator 2 and the second optocoupler isolator 3, thereby providing a good isolation protection effect for the single-chip microcomputer and extending the service life of the single-chip microcomputer.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 The forward control end includes a transistor Q7, a resistor R52 is connected in series between the transistor Q7 and the output end of the first optical coupler isolator 2, and a filter capacitor C33 is connected in parallel between both ends of the resistor R52.

[0042] The voltage signal output by the first optocoupler isolator 2 is divided by resistor R52 and filtered by filter capacitor C33 before being transmitted to transistor Q7, which can improve the control accuracy. When the motor is damaged and generates a pulse signal, filter capacitor C33 can filter out the interference signal, providing effective protection for the first optocoupler isolator 2.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 A protection resistor R48 is connected in series between the resistor R52 and the first optical coupler isolator 2, and the protection resistor R48 is a bias resistor.

[0044] The bias resistor R48 is connected in series between the resistor R52 and the first optocoupler isolator 2 , which can stabilize the working state of the first optocoupler isolator 2 and extend the service life of the first optocoupler isolator 2 .

[0045] Reference Figure 1 The inversion control end includes a transistor Q8, a resistor R53 is connected in series between the transistor Q8 and the output end of the second optical coupler isolator 3, and a filter capacitor C34 is connected in parallel at both ends of the resistor R53.

[0046] The voltage signal output by the second optocoupler isolator 3 is divided by resistor R53 and filtered by filter capacitor C34 before being transmitted to transistor Q8, which can improve the control accuracy. When the motor is damaged and generates a pulse signal, filter capacitor C34 can filter out the interference signal, providing effective protection for the second optocoupler isolator 3.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 A protection resistor R49 is connected in series between the resistor R53 and the second optical coupler isolator 3, and the protection resistor R49 is a bias resistor.

[0048] The bias resistor R48 is connected in series between the resistor R53 and the first optocoupler isolator 2 , which can stabilize the working state of the second optocoupler isolator 3 and extend the service life of the first optocoupler isolator 2 .

[0049] Reference Figure 1 The input ends of the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator are respectively connected in series with a protection resistor R44 and a protection resistor R45.

[0050] The protection resistor R44 and the protection resistor R45 can isolate the input power supply of the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator respectively, so as to prevent the first optocoupler isolator and the second optocoupler isolator from being damaged due to overvoltage and overcurrent.

[0051] A sampling circuit (not shown in the figure) is connected in series to the ground terminal of the H-bridge driving circuit. The sampling circuit collects the operating voltage signal of the H-bridge driving circuit and outputs an operating status signal. The signal output terminal of the sampling circuit is connected to a signal processor. The signal processor receives the operating status signal and outputs an alarm signal when the operating status is abnormal. The signal output terminal of the signal processor is connected to a buzzer. The buzzer receives the alarm signal and emits a warning sound.

[0052] The sampling circuit, signal processor and buzzer are used in combination with each other. When the motor is in a high-voltage or low-voltage operating state, the buzzer can be automatically controlled to prompt the user to shut down the motor, thereby preventing the motor from running under a continuous high-voltage or low-voltage state to cause an accident.

[0053] It should be noted that the sampling circuit is a prior art, the signal processor uses an ARM chip, and the buzzer can replace LEDs and other devices with warning effects, which will not be elaborated here.

[0054] The implementation principle of a high and low voltage isolation system for a motor in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: through the mutual matching and use between the first optocoupler isolator 2, the second optocoupler isolator 3 and the H-bridge drive circuit 1, when the single-chip microcomputer outputs a low-level signal, the first optocoupler isolator 2 receives the low-level signal and connects to the forward control end of the H-bridge drive circuit 1, so that the forward control circuit of the H-bridge drive circuit 1 is turned on, so as to achieve the technical effect of controlling the forward rotation of the motor; when the single-chip microcomputer outputs a low-level signal, the second optocoupler isolator 3 receives the high-level signal and connects to the reverse control end of the H-bridge drive circuit 1, and the H-bridge drive circuit 1 controls the reverse rotation of the motor, which can achieve the technical effect of controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor while isolating the single-chip microcomputer. When the motor is damaged by the high and low voltages, the interference signal generated is difficult to interfere with the single-chip microcomputer through the first optocoupler isolator 2 and the second optocoupler isolator 3, which can provide a good isolation protection effect for the single-chip microcomputer and extend the service life of the single-chip microcomputer.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high and low voltage isolation system for a motor, characterized in that: It comprises an H-bridge driving circuit (1), a first optical coupler isolator (2), and a second optical coupler isolator (3), wherein the H-bridge driving circuit (1) comprises a forward control terminal and a reverse control terminal; The signal output end of the single chip microcomputer is signal-connected to the input end of the first optocoupler isolator (2), and the output end of the first optocoupler isolator (2) is electrically connected to the forward control end of the H-bridge drive circuit (1); The signal output end of the single chip microcomputer is signal-connected to the input end of the second optocoupler isolator (3), and the output end of the second optocoupler isolator (3) is electrically connected to the inversion control end of the H-bridge drive circuit (1); The first optical coupler isolator (2) receives a low-level signal and is connected to the forward control end, and the second optical coupler isolator (3) receives a high-level signal and is connected to the reverse control end.

2. A high and low voltage isolation system for a motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forward control end comprises a transistor Q7, a resistor R52 is connected in series between the transistor Q7 and the output end of the first optical coupler isolator (2), and a filter capacitor C33 is connected in parallel between the two ends of the resistor R52.

3. A high and low voltage isolation system for a motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A protection resistor R48 is arranged in series between the resistor R52 and the first optical coupler isolator (2), and the protection resistor R48 is a bias resistor.

4. A high and low voltage isolation system for a motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inversion control end comprises a transistor Q8, a resistor R53 is connected in series between the transistor Q8 and the output end of the second optical coupler isolator (3), and a filter capacitor C34 is connected in parallel between the two ends of the resistor R53.

5. A high and low voltage isolation system for a motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A protection resistor R49 is arranged in series between the resistor R53 and the second optical coupler isolator (3), and the protection resistor R49 is a bias resistor.

6. A high and low voltage isolation system for a motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The input ends of the first optical coupler isolator (2) and the second optical coupler isolator (3) are respectively connected in series with a protection resistor R44 and a protection resistor R45.

7. A high and low voltage isolation system for a motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sampling circuit is connected in series to the ground end of the H-bridge driving circuit (1), and the sampling circuit collects an operating voltage signal of the H-bridge driving circuit (1) and outputs an operating status signal; The signal output terminal of the sampling circuit is connected to a signal processor, and the signal processor receives the operation status signal and outputs an alarm signal when the operation status is abnormal; The signal output terminal of the signal processor is connected to a buzzer, and the buzzer receives the alarm signal and emits a warning sound.

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