Laser groove milling device of commutator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a laser groove milling device of a commutator, which comprises a bedplate, a commutator positioning rotary table is arranged on the upper side of the bedplate, a commutator indexing mandrel is arranged on the commutator positioning rotary table, and the commutator indexing mandrel is driven by an indexing servo motor below the bedplate to rotate. The commutator positioning rotary table is sleeved with a swing frame extending towards one side, a laser tracker is vertically installed at the extending end of the swing frame, an XY-axis servo driving assembly is installed on the side of the commutator positioning rotary table, a motor is installed on the XY-axis servo driving assembly, a double-blade milling cutter is installed on a main shaft of the motor, and the double-blade milling cutter is installed on the main shaft of the motor. The center line of the double-blade milling cutter, the vertical projection of the center of the laser tracker and the vertical projection of the center of the commutator indexing mandrel are located on the same straight line, an auxiliary support is arranged on the platen, and a tail jacking assembly and a blade lubricating assembly are installed on the auxiliary support. The photoelectric tracking slot milling machine can solve the problem that an existing photoelectric tracking slot milling machine cannot meet the high-precision slot milling requirement of a special assembly type mica commutator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of grooving technology for planar commutators, in particular to a laser grooving device for commutators. Background Art

[0002] During the production and pressing process of traditional insert-type commutators, the gap between the copper sheet and the mica sheet will shift due to the process arrangement, extrusion and uneven thickness of the mica sheet (layering), resulting in unequal arrangement of the copper sheet and the mica circle. When the centripetal angle of the copper sheet is 0 or the extrusion process deviation is small, the error of the chord length of the copper sheet is very small (<0.02mm), which can basically be regarded as equal. Therefore, the photoelectric tracking slot milling machine on the market only needs to track the current copper sheet straight edge to the next copper sheet straight edge to calculate the mica chord length variable, and then make a tracking slot milling machine with adjustable advance deflection pendulum; whether it is a model with a combination of incandescent slit light source and silicon photon tracking signal, or a model using infrared as tracking light, or a model using CCD image as tracking signal, the principle algorithm is similar, and the coordinate adjustment of the milling cutter blade is purely mechanical screw adjustment. However, if applied to an assembled commutator with unequal mica gap chord lengths, unequal copper sheet chord lengths, and large centripetal angle errors of the copper sheets, the existing photoelectric tracking slot milling machine cannot meet the high-precision requirements for symmetry after the copper sheets are milled out of the wiring bosses. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides a laser groove milling device for a commutator, which can solve the problem that the existing laser groove milling machine cannot meet the high-precision boss groove milling requirements of an assembled commutator with unequal mica gap chord lengths, unequal copper sheet chord lengths, and non-zero centripetal angles of the copper sheets.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a laser groove milling device for a commutator, comprising a table, a commutator positioning turntable is installed on the upper side of the table, a commutator indexing mandrel is installed on the commutator positioning turntable, the commutator indexing mandrel is driven to rotate by a indexing servo motor under the table, a swing frame extending to one side is sleeved on the commutator positioning turntable, a laser tracker is vertically installed on the extended end of the swing frame, the laser ray of the laser tracker is horizontally emitted and points to the upper side wall of the commutator installed on the commutator indexing mandrel, an XY axis servo drive assembly is installed on the side of the commutator positioning turntable, and the XY axis servo drive assembly A motor is installed on the component, a double-blade milling cutter is installed on the main shaft of the motor, the center line of the double-blade milling cutter, the vertical projection of the center of the laser tracker and the commutator indexing mandrel are on the same straight line, an auxiliary bracket is arranged on the table plate, a tail top assembly and a blade lubrication assembly are installed on the auxiliary bracket, the blade lubrication assembly contacts with the double-blade milling cutter when the double-blade milling cutter is milling, and a tracking layout structure is adopted in which the center line of the double-blade milling cutter, the laser tracker and the commutator indexing mandrel are set as three points and one line, so that the laser tracker can accurately and stably guide the mechanical position of the double-blade feed, and the self-developed algorithm ensures the symmetry of the milling grooves of the double cutters on both sides of the wiring boss on the copper sheet.

[0005] Preferably, the tail top assembly includes a tail top cylinder installed on the upper end of the auxiliary bracket corresponding to the commutator positioning turntable, and the lower end of the tail top cylinder is vertically connected to a tail top rod. The tail top rod and the commutator dividing shaft are offset against each other to reduce the shaking of the commutator dividing shaft during rotation and the vibration generated when the commutator is milled.

[0006] Preferably, the blade lubrication assembly includes a lifting screw rod vertically installed on the upper end of the auxiliary bracket, a lifting motor is installed on the upper end of the lifting screw rod, a lifting connecting rod is connected to the nut on the lifting screw rod, a dividing rotating motor is installed on the lower end of the lifting connecting rod, and a lubricating rod located above the double-blade milling cutter is connected to the lower end of the dividing rotating motor. By setting an automatically lifting and rotating lubricating rod, the double-blade milling cutter for feed milling can be effectively lubricated, thereby improving the milling accuracy, while improving the smoothness of the milled product edge, and especially increasing the life of the alloy blade by %.

[0007] Preferably, the XY-axis servo drive assembly may include a horizontal guide rail seat installed on the upper side of the table and a transverse slide installed on the horizontal guide rail seat, a screw rod is installed inside the transverse slide, and the screw rod is driven to rotate by an X-axis servo motor at one end thereof, a vertical guide rail is installed at one end of the transverse slide, a vertical slide is slidably arranged on the vertical guide rail, a screw rod is also installed inside the vertical slide, a Y-axis servo motor is installed at one end of the screw rod, and the motor is installed on the vertical slide to accurately drive the motor to move.

[0008] Preferably, a vertical bracket is vertically installed at the extended end of the swing frame, an adjustment slot is vertically opened on the upper part of the vertical bracket, and the laser tracker is movably installed along the adjustment slot. The vertical bracket can adjust the height of the laser tracker, and the position of the laser tracker can be accurately adjusted when milling different commutators.

[0009] Preferably, the output end of the indexing servo motor is connected to a planetary reducer, and the planetary reducer is connected to the commutator indexing mandrel, so as to accurately control the rotation speed and rotation angle of the commutator indexing mandrel.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0011] By setting the double-blade milling cutter, laser tracker and commutator indexing mandrel into a three-point one-line tracking layout structure, the laser tracker can accurately and stably guide the mechanical position of the double-blade feed, and the self-developed algorithm ensures the symmetry of the double-blade milling cutter milling grooves on both sides of the wiring boss on the copper sheet. The XY axis servo drive assembly is used to drive the movement of the double-blade milling cutter, and the blade quadrant (slot shape and size) can be precisely controlled (accurate high finish) by linkage milling according to the programmed digital coordinates; in the processing process, the most suitable first milling slot position is selected by tracking and measuring the spacing parameters of the measuring points, which indirectly guarantees the accuracy of the subsequent cycle milling slots; the processing accuracy range is also set according to the actual measured spacing parameters of the measuring points, and the processed products are effectively protected, which can meet the high-precision milling slot requirements of the vertical commutator with unequal mica gap chord lengths, unequal copper sheet chord lengths for some reason, and errors in the centripetal angle of the copper sheet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 This is the main structural diagram of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a top view of the structure of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 4This is a main cross-sectional structural diagram of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram;

[0017] Figure 6 It is a partial structural diagram of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 7 It is a partial schematic diagram of the commutator of the utility model.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] 1: table; 11: swing frame; 12: motor; 13: vertical bracket; 14, planetary reducer, 2: auxiliary bracket; 3: tail top assembly; 31: tail top cylinder; 32: tail top rod; 4: XY axis servo drive assembly; 41: vertical slide; 42: Y axis servo motor; 43: horizontal slide; 44: X axis servo motor; 45: horizontal guide seat; 5: blade lubrication assembly; 51: lifting motor; 52: lifting screw rod; 53: lifting connecting rod; 54: indexing rotation motor; 55: lubrication rod; 6: double blade milling cutter; 7: commutator positioning turntable; 8: indexing servo motor; 9: commutator indexing spindle; 10: laser tracker; A, B: measuring points; C, D: second calibration detection points; E, F: first calibration detection points; G: difference; G1: difference specifies the base number. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] The special vertical steel sleeve commutator is the most difficult and core component in the DC motor. It is a special dovetail structure that combines the commutator segments, metal sleeves, metal pressure rings and corresponding insulating materials together, and is fastened by round nuts to form a special structure component. In order to meet its high speed and high current performance requirements, the insulation between the commutator segments needs to use natural trimmed white mica, and the number of circumferential commutator segments should be minimized, but the stability of the internal structure during high-speed rotation must also be met. Although the various types of fixtures after assembly have been deeply studied and improved, in the turning process, the process of pre-tightening the nuts at both ends during assembly, etc., because there is no bakelite powder extrusion to pull the copper sheet, which will cause the copper sheet to produce centripetal angle deflection and overall torsion at both ends. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure that the chord length between the circumferential intervals of natural mica is equal and the centripetal angle of each commutator segment after stacking is equal during processing. Therefore, when milling the circular grooves on the commutator lifting platform, higher requirements are placed on the processing equipment. If the edge of the conventional copper sheet is used as the measuring point, there will be a relatively large deviation from the radial extension from the measuring point to the outer end face of the boss. This set of vertical commutators has relatively high requirements for the symmetry of the grooves on both sides of the wiring boss on the copper sheet. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a tracking arrangement structure and an innovative processing technology that is different from the conventional tracking groove milling machine to meet the requirements of the milling accuracy of the vertical commutator.

[0023] Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, Figure 1-6 As shown, in an embodiment of the utility model, a laser groove milling device for a commutator is provided, comprising a table 1, a commutator positioning turntable 7 is installed on the upper side of the table 1, a commutator indexing core shaft 9 is installed on the commutator positioning turntable 7, and the commutator indexing core shaft 9 is driven to rotate by a indexing servo motor 8 under the table 1, and a swing frame 11 extending to one side is sleeved on the commutator positioning turntable 7, and a laser tracker 10 is vertically installed on the extended end of the swing frame 11, and the laser beam of the laser tracker 10 is horizontally emitted and directed to the upper side wall of the commutator installed on the commutator indexing core shaft 9, and an XY axis servo drive component 4 is installed on the side of the commutator positioning turntable 7, and the XY axis servo drive component 4 A motor 12 is installed on it, and a double-blade milling cutter 6 is installed on the main shaft of the motor 12. The center line of the double-blade milling cutter 6, the laser tracker 10 and the vertical projection of the center of the commutator dividing mandrel 9 are on the same straight line. An auxiliary bracket 2 is arranged on the table 1, and a tail top assembly 3 and a blade lubrication assembly 5 are installed on the auxiliary bracket 2. The blade lubrication assembly 5 contacts the double-blade milling cutter 6 when the double-blade milling cutter 6 is milling. The center line of the double-blade milling cutter, the laser tracker and the commutator dividing mandrel are set as a three-point one-line tracking layout structure, so that the laser tracker can accurately and stably guide the mechanical position of the double-blade feed, and the self-developed algorithm ensures the symmetry of the milling grooves of the double blades on both sides of the wiring boss on the copper sheet.

[0024] Specifically, the control system of the laser slot milling machine adopts existing technology, including existing electronic control components and electronic control programs, which can control the XY axis servo drive assembly 4, motor 12, laser tracker 10 and indexing servo motor 8 to work together. The control system can be integrated in the control box and installed on one side of the table 1.

[0025] like Figure 1-4 As shown, in some embodiments, the tail top assembly 3 includes a tail top cylinder 31 installed at the upper end of the auxiliary bracket 2 and corresponding to the commutator positioning turntable 7, and the lower end of the tail top cylinder 31 is vertically connected with a tail top rod 32. The tail top rod 32 and the commutator dividing core shaft 9 are offset against each other to reduce the shaking of the commutator dividing core shaft 9 during rotation and the vibration generated when the commutator is milled. Safety gratings can be installed on both sides of the auxiliary bracket 2 to prevent external entry into the range of the commutator positioning turntable 7 during processing. The upper end of the auxiliary bracket 2 can be set to a T shape, and the three end points of the T-shaped structure are provided with columns connected to the table plate 1.

[0026] In this embodiment, in order to improve the service life and milling accuracy of the double-blade milling cutter 12, the blade lubrication assembly 5 includes a lifting screw 52 vertically installed on the upper end of the auxiliary bracket 2, a lifting motor 51 is installed on the upper end of the lifting screw 52, ​​a lifting connecting rod 53 is connected to the nut on the lifting screw 52, ​​a dividing rotating motor 54 is installed at the lower end of the lifting connecting rod 53, and a lubricating rod 55 located above the double-blade milling cutter 6 is connected to the lower end of the dividing rotating motor 54. By setting the automatic lifting and rotating lubricating rod 55, the double-blade milling cutter 6 for feeding can be effectively lubricated. The blade milling cutter 6 is lubricated to improve the milling accuracy, while improving the smoothness of the milled product edge, especially increasing the life of the alloy blade by 50%. Specifically, the lubricating rod 10 can be made of molybdenum disulfide material with good lubrication effect. The indexing rotating motor 54 and the lifting motor 51 can cooperate with the feeding action of the double-blade milling cutter 6, so that the lubricating rod 55 is in contact with the double-blade milling cutter 6 for lubrication when the double-blade milling cutter 6 is milling. Specifically, during the milling process, the lubricating rod 55 can rotate according to the program, and drop one grid after half a circle, so that the lower end of the lubricating rod 55 can be evenly consumed.

[0027] In this embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, the XY-axis servo drive assembly 4 may include a horizontal guide rail seat 45 installed on the upper side of the table 1 and a transverse slide 43 installed on the horizontal guide rail seat 45, a screw rod is installed inside the transverse slide 43, and the screw rod is driven to rotate by an X-axis servo motor 44 at one end thereof, a vertical guide rail is installed at one end of the transverse slide 43, a vertical slide 41 is slidably arranged on the vertical guide rail, a screw rod is also installed inside the vertical slide 41, a Y-axis servo motor 42 is installed at one end of the screw rod, and the motor 12 is installed on the vertical slide 41, which can accurately drive the motor 12 to move.

[0028] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, a vertical bracket 13 is vertically installed at the extended end of the swing frame 11, and an adjustment slot is vertically opened on the upper part of the vertical bracket 13. The laser tracker 10 is movably installed along the adjustment slot. The vertical bracket 13 can adjust the height of the laser tracker 10. When milling different commutators, the position of the laser tracker 10 can be accurately adjusted. A connecting screw passing through the adjustment slot is provided on the laser tracker 10. A locking nut connected to the connecting screw is installed on the rear side of the vertical bracket 13. The position of the laser tracker 10 can be fine-tuned by rotating the locking nut. The processing accuracy of the adjustment slot is required to be very high.

[0029] At the same time, if Figure 4 As shown, the output end of the indexing servo motor 8 is connected to a planetary reducer 14, and the planetary reducer 14 is connected to the commutator indexing mandrel 9, so as to accurately control the rotation speed and rotation angle of the commutator indexing mandrel 9.

[0030] In this embodiment, the following method can be used to use the laser slot milling machine in the above embodiment to process a special commutator, as follows:

[0031] S1, placing the commutator to be processed on the commutator indexing mandrel 9 for positioning, and the tail push cylinder 31 drives the tail push rod 32 to push the commutator indexing mandrel 9 downward;

[0032] S2. The upper end of the copper sheet on the commutator is a radially extending boss. Since the center of the double-blade milling cutter 6, the laser tracker 10 and the commutator indexing mandrel 9 are set as a three-point one-line tracking layout structure in this embodiment, the edges on both sides of the copper sheet boss cannot be used as measurement points. Figure 7As shown, the two side edges of the copper sheet below the boss are taken as measuring points A and B, the laser emitted by the laser tracker 11 is aimed at the measuring points A and B, the indexing servo motor 8 drives the commutator indexing mandrel 9 to rotate, and the laser tracker 10 measures the spacing parameters between the measuring points A and B of each copper sheet. The spacing parameters here can be the number of pulses generated by the laser of the laser tracker 10 moving through the copper sheet, which has a relatively high accuracy. In practical applications, the laser tracker can be used in advance to collect the number of chord length pulses of each copper sheet of the product in sequence and display them on the screen. After measuring all the copper sheets, the maximum number and the minimum number can be taken and the difference G between the maximum number and the minimum number can be obtained, and a setting can be made. The difference specifies the base number G1 to determine the accuracy range. The difference specifies the base number G1 can be between 15 and 25. When the difference G is greater than the difference specifies the base number G1, the outer surface of the commutator is ground and polished, and the difference G is repeatedly measured until the difference G is less than the difference specifies the base number G1. The maximum and minimum numbers of the difference G less than the difference specifies the base number G1 are input into the control system of the laser slot milling machine. When grinding and polishing, sandpaper is used to contact the outer surface of the commutator with a large area, so that the commutator indexing mandrel 9 drives the commutator to rotate, thereby uniformly grinding and polishing the outer surface of the commutator to reduce the difference G, which can ensure that the product meets the accuracy requirements after milling;

[0033] S3, the indexing servo motor 8 drives the commutator indexing mandrel 9 to rotate, the laser tracker 10 detects and compares the spacing parameters between the measuring points A and B of the adjacent copper sheets in turn, finds the two adjacent copper sheets with the smallest difference, and uses the latter copper sheet as the first milling slot position, the XY axis servo drive assembly 4 drives the double-blade milling cutter 6 to move to the first milling slot position to perform double-blade milling on the boss at the upper end of the copper sheet, and returns after milling;

[0034] S4. The copper sheet adjacent to the first milling slot position is used as the second milling slot position. The laser tracker 10 detects the measuring points A and B of the copper sheet at the second milling slot position. The control system instructs the indexing servo motor 8 to drive the commutator indexing mandrel 9 to rotate according to the measured values ​​of the measuring points A and B. The double-blade milling cutter 6 feeds to mill the second milling slot position, and the cycle is repeated until all the copper sheets are milled. In the process of cyclic milling, when the laser tracker 10 detects that the measured values ​​of the measuring points A and B of the copper sheet exceed the numerical range between the maximum and minimum numbers input into the control system of the laser milling machine in S2, the feed is stopped. After stopping, the concentric angle of the copper sheet on the commutator can be detected, and the position of the commutator can be adjusted before processing, thereby effectively protecting the product.

[0035] In the above steps S3 and S4, the blade lubrication assembly 5 operates and contacts the double blade milling cutter 6 when the double blade milling cutter 6 is fed for milling.

[0036] After the commutator is processed, Figure 7As shown, the edges on both sides of the boss of the commutator copper sheet can be used as the first verification detection points E and F, and the edges on both sides of the copper sheet corresponding to the boss can be used as the second verification detection points C and D. The commutator is placed in an optical detection device to measure the distance between the first verification detection points E and F and the second verification detection points C and D to determine whether the symmetry on both sides of the commutator wiring boss after processing meets the requirements. If it does not meet the requirements, subsequent repairs are required to ensure accuracy.

[0037] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0038] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser groove milling device for a commutator, comprising a platen (1), characterized in that: A commutator positioning turntable (7) is installed on the upper side of the table (1), and a commutator indexing core shaft (9) is installed on the commutator positioning turntable (7). The commutator indexing core shaft (9) is driven to rotate by a indexing servo motor (8) below the table (1). The commutator positioning turntable (7) is sleeved with a swing frame (11) extending to one side, and a laser tracker (10) is vertically installed on the extended end of the swing frame (11). The laser beam of the laser tracker (10) is horizontally emitted and directed to the upper side wall of the commutator installed on the commutator indexing core shaft (9). An XY-axis servo drive assembly (4) is installed on the side, a motor (12) is installed on the XY-axis servo drive assembly (4), a double-blade milling cutter (6) is installed on the main shaft of the motor (12), the center line of the double-blade milling cutter (6), the laser tracker (10) and the vertical projection of the center of the commutator indexing spindle (9) are on the same straight line, an auxiliary bracket (2) is arranged on the table (1), a tail top assembly (3) and a blade lubrication assembly (5) are installed on the auxiliary bracket (2), and the blade lubrication assembly (5) contacts the double-blade milling cutter (6) when the double-blade milling cutter (6) is milling.

2. The laser groove milling device for a commutator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail lift assembly (3) comprises a tail lift cylinder (31) mounted on the upper end of the auxiliary bracket (2) and corresponding to the commutator positioning turntable (7), and the lower end of the tail lift cylinder (31) is vertically connected to a tail lift rod (32).

3. The laser groove milling device for commutator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade lubrication assembly (5) comprises a lifting screw (52) vertically mounted on the upper end of the auxiliary bracket (2); a lifting motor (51) is mounted on the upper end of the lifting screw (52); a lifting connecting rod (53) is connected to the nut on the lifting screw (52); a dividing rotating motor (54) is mounted on the lower end of the lifting connecting rod (53); and a lubricating rod (55) located above the double-blade milling cutter (6) is connected to the lower end of the dividing rotating motor (54).

4. The laser groove milling device for a commutator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The XY-axis servo drive assembly (4) may include a horizontal guide rail seat (45) installed on the upper side of the table (1) and a transverse slide (43) installed on the horizontal guide rail seat (45), a screw rod is installed inside the transverse slide (43), and the screw rod is driven to rotate by an X-axis servo motor (44) at one end thereof, a vertical guide rail is installed at one end of the transverse slide (43), a vertical slide (41) is slidably arranged on the vertical guide rail, a screw rod is also installed inside the vertical slide (41), a Y-axis servo motor (42) is installed at one end of the screw rod, and the motor (12) is installed on the vertical slide (41).

5. The laser groove milling device for commutator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical bracket (13) is vertically installed at the extended end of the swing frame (11), and an adjustment slot is vertically opened on the upper part of the vertical bracket (13), and the laser tracker (10) is movably installed along the adjustment slot.

6. The laser groove milling device for a commutator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the indexing servo motor (8) is connected to a planetary reducer (14), and the planetary reducer (14) is connected to the commutator indexing core shaft (9).

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