Electromagnetic shielding structure and electronic equipment
By setting long hole-shaped gap ventilation holes on the system end of the electronic device and adjusting the polarization direction of the antenna, the problem of electromagnetic signals affecting the antenna performance and heat dissipation is solved, and the balance between electromagnetic shielding and heat dissipation is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420603652.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-26
AI Technical Summary
The electromagnetic signals of electronic devices affect the working performance of their antennas, and the design needs to balance the problems of electromagnetic shielding and heat dissipation.
An electromagnetic shielding structure is designed, by setting a ventilation plate on the system end of the electronic device, and long hole-shaped gap ventilation holes are provided on the ventilation plate, and the electric field and electromagnetic field are emitted in a specific direction after passing through the ventilation holes. At the same time, when the antenna is opened to a set angle at the display end relative to the system end, the polarization direction of the electric field and electromagnetic field is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the ventilation hole, thereby avoiding interference.
Effectively shield or attenuate electromagnetic waves generated at the system end to avoid their impact on the antenna, while ensuring the heat dissipation effect of electronic equipment and improving equipment performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN222564245U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electromagnetic shielding, in particular to an electromagnetic shielding structure and electronic equipment. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous evolution of WiFi technology and the improvement of electronic equipment performance, users' requirements for the data transmission rate and signal quality of wireless networks of electronic devices such as laptops have also increased. For example, the operating frequency of the main components in the system end of the laptop is getting higher and higher, and the main frequency or frequency multiplication of the components can easily fall within the frequency band of the wireless network, resulting in a poor signal-to-noise ratio of the WiFi channel and affecting the network transmission rate. In this way, shielding is generally used in the design, that is, to prevent the motherboard interference in the system end of the laptop from leaking out through the ventilation holes and other structures on the system end, affecting the normal operation of the antenna of the notebook computer. On the other hand, with the requirement of high-speed performance, the heat dissipation problem it brings has also become the main problem to be considered and solved in the design of laptops. The heat dissipation method currently used is to exchange heat with the outside air through the ventilation holes of the laptop, that is, it is hoped that the laptop will not be shielded at the inlet and outlet, and as many ventilation holes as possible should be opened. The antenna of the laptop is generally placed in the hinge of the display end of the laptop, that is, near the location of the ventilation holes. In this way, heat dissipation and wireless electromagnetic shielding are a pair of contradictions that need to be balanced. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the utility model is to provide an electromagnetic shielding structure and an electronic device, so as to solve the problem that the electromagnetic signal of the electronic device affects the working performance of its antenna.
[0004] The embodiment of the utility model adopts the following technical solution: an electromagnetic shielding structure, applied to an electronic device, comprising a ventilation plate, the ventilation plate is arranged on the system end of the electronic device, and the ventilation plate is located at a side where the system end is hinged with the display end of the electronic device; the ventilation plate is provided with ventilation holes, the ventilation holes are slots in the shape of long strips, and the electric field and the electromagnetic field in the system end are emitted to the outside of the system end with a first direction as a polarization direction after passing through the ventilation holes;
[0005] An antenna is arranged in the display end. When the display end is opened to a set angle relative to the system end, the polarization direction of the electric field and the electromagnetic field generated by the antenna is a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction to avoid interference of the electric field and the electromagnetic field emitted by the system end to the antenna.
[0006] In some embodiments, the ventilation plate is a rectangular plate, the plate surface of the ventilation plate is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the system end, and the length direction of the ventilation hole is consistent with the length direction of the ventilation plate, so that the electric field and the electromagnetic field in the system end are emitted to the outside of the system end through the ventilation hole with the vertical direction as the polarization direction;
[0007] When the display end is opened to a set angle relative to the system end, the antenna is parallel to the bottom surface of the system end, so that the polarization direction of the electric field and the electromagnetic field generated by the antenna is horizontal.
[0008] In some embodiments, the ventilation holes are arranged in a rectangular matrix on the ventilation plate, the matrix includes at least two rows and two columns, and the spacing distance between the ventilation holes in two adjacent rows is 1 mm to 1.5 mm.
[0009] In some embodiments, the ventilation hole is a rectangular gap, and the length direction of the ventilation hole is consistent with the length direction of the system end of the rectangle.
[0010] In some embodiments, the length of the ventilation hole is 280 mm to 320 mm, and the width of the ventilation hole is 1 mm to 1.5 mm.
[0011] In some embodiments, the antenna is a rectangular circuit board, and the antenna is disposed within the rotating shaft of the display end.
[0012] In some embodiments, the length direction of the antenna is consistent with the length direction of the rectangular display end, so that the current of the antenna can flow along the length direction of the antenna.
[0013] In some embodiments, when the display end is opened to a set angle relative to the system end, the distance between the antenna and the ventilation hole is 7 mm to 10 mm.
[0014] In some embodiments, the ventilation plate is a metal plate, and the metal plate is vertically arranged on the system end.
[0015] An embodiment of the utility model further provides an electronic device, comprising the electromagnetic shielding structure as described in any one of the above embodiments.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the utility model are:
[0017] By designing the ventilation holes of the electronic device system end as a slit structure, and the antenna of the electronic device forms a positional relationship with the slit when the display end is opened to a set angle relative to the system end so that the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the electromagnetic waves generated by the system end of the electronic device during operation can be shielded or attenuated by the slit structure, thereby avoiding the influence on the antenna. In addition, the above structural design of the ventilation holes also ensures the heat dissipation requirements of the electronic device, avoiding the influence of poor heat dissipation effect of the electronic device on the performance of the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetic shielding structure of the utility model when the display end is opened to a set angle relative to the system end.
[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetic shielding structure of the utility model when the display end is opened less than a set angle relative to the system end.
[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ventilation plate and the system end of the utility model.
[0022] Figure 4 This is a curve diagram of the electric field strength of the antenna of the utility model at a distance of 10 mm from the ventilation hole.
[0023] Reference numerals: 1, system end; 2, display end; 3, shaft; 4, mainboard; 5, antenna; 6, ventilation plate; 7, ventilation hole; DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] Various aspects and features of the present application are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0025] It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the above description should not be considered as limiting, but only as an example of an embodiment. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present application will occur to those skilled in the art.
[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the general description of the present application given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present application.
[0027] These and other characteristics of the present application will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment given as a non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0028] It should also be understood that although the present application has been described with reference to some specific examples, those skilled in the art will be able to readily implement many other equivalent forms of the present application.
[0029] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent in view of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0030] Specific embodiments of the present application are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the embodiments applied for are merely examples of the present application, which may be implemented in a variety of ways. Well-known and / or repeated functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid unnecessary or redundant details that obscure the present application. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details applied for herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely serve as a basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to use the present application in a variety of ways with substantially any suitable detailed structure.
[0031] This specification may use the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," all of which may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to the present application.
[0032] In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the utility model discloses an electromagnetic shielding structure, which is applied to electronic equipment, including but not limited to laptop computers. Figure 1 The electronic device has a system terminal 1 and a display terminal 2. For example, the system terminal 1 and the display terminal 2 of a laptop are hinged via a rotating shaft 3, and the display terminal 2 can be flipped relative to the system terminal 1 around the rotating shaft 3. The system terminal 1 includes a housing and components installed in the housing, such as a motherboard 4. The antenna 5 can be arranged in the rotating shaft 3 of the display terminal 2, or in the housing of the display terminal 2. When the display terminal 2 is flipped relative to the system terminal 1, the position angle of the antenna 5 relative to the system terminal 1 also changes at the same time.
[0033] Combination Figures 1 to 3The electromagnetic shielding structure includes a ventilation plate 6, which is arranged on the system end 1 of the electronic device. Specifically, the ventilation plate 6 can be arranged on the shell of the system end 1, and the ventilation plate 6 is located on the side where the system end 1 is hinged with the display end 2. That is, the ventilation plate 6 can be arranged at the rear side of the system end 1. The ventilation plate 6 is provided with ventilation holes 7, which penetrate the ventilation plate 6 to achieve the intercommunication of the environment inside and outside the system end 1, so that when the electronic device is working, the heat generated by the system end 1 during the working process can be discharged to the outside of the system end 1 through the ventilation holes 7, so as to achieve the heat dissipation of the electronic device, ensure the heat dissipation effect of the electronic device, and avoid the overheating of the system end 1 to affect the performance of the electronic device. The ventilation hole 7 can be set as a long hole-shaped gap, and the electric field and electromagnetic field in the system end 1 can be emitted to the outside of the system end 1 with the first direction as the polarization direction after passing through the ventilation hole 7. When the electronic device is placed flat on a horizontal work surface, the first direction can be a vertical direction or a horizontal direction, and the direction of the first direction is determined by the arrangement of the long hole-shaped gaps on the ventilation plate 6. For example, when the slot in the shape of a long hole is arranged along the length direction of the system end 1 (such as the system end 1 of a rectangular laptop computer), the first direction is the vertical direction; and when the slot in the shape of a long hole is arranged vertically, that is, its length direction is perpendicular to the horizontal work surface, the first direction is the horizontal direction. For example, the slot structure can only allow the vertically polarized electric field to pass through, and the antenna 5 is designed to mainly generate a horizontally polarized electric field near the slot to achieve polarization isolation of the signal and avoid the influence of the electromagnetic noise of the system end 1 on the antenna 5.
[0034] The display terminal 2 is provided with an antenna 5. When the display terminal 2 is opened to a set angle relative to the system terminal 1, the polarization direction of the electric field and electromagnetic field generated by the antenna 5 is a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction, so as to avoid the electric field and electromagnetic field emitted by the system terminal 1 from interfering with the antenna 5. For example, taking a laptop as an example, in combination with Figure 1 When the display terminal 2 is opened to 110° relative to the system terminal 1, the general user experience is better, so the setting angle can be set to 110°. Of course, the setting angle can also be set to other angles such as 100° or 120° according to user needs or other design requirements. This is only used as an example and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the claims. Because the planned directions of the electric field and electromagnetic field of antenna 5 are perpendicular to the polarization directions of the electric field and electromagnetic field emitted from the system terminal 1, the electric field and electromagnetic field emitted from the system terminal 1 will not interfere with the signal of antenna 5, and will not affect the performance of antenna 5. Even if the setting angle is 110°, combined with Figure 2, the user opens the display terminal 2 relative to the system terminal 1 at an angle that deviates from the set angle (for example, 100°), and the angle between the polarization direction of the electric field and the electromagnetic field generated by the antenna 5 and the first direction is also about 90°. Therefore, even if the display terminal 2 is opened at an angle that deviates from the set angle relative to the system terminal 1, the electric field and the electromagnetic field of the system terminal 1 have little effect on the signal of the antenna 5.
[0035] In the embodiment of the utility model, the ventilation hole 7 of the electronic device system end 1 is designed as a slot structure, and the antenna 5 of the electronic device forms a positional relationship with the slot when the display end 2 is opened to a set angle relative to the system end 1 so that the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, so that the electromagnetic waves generated by the system end 1 of the electronic device during operation can be shielded or attenuated by the slot structure, thereby avoiding the influence of the electromagnetic waves on the antenna 5. In addition, the above structural design of the ventilation hole 7 also ensures the heat dissipation requirements of the electronic device, avoiding the influence of poor heat dissipation effect of the electronic device on the performance of the electronic device.
[0036] In some embodiments, the ventilation plate 6 is a rectangular plate, the plate surface of the ventilation plate 6 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the system end 1, and the length direction of the ventilation hole 7 is consistent with the length direction of the ventilation plate 6, so that the electric field and electromagnetic field in the system end 1 are emitted to the outside of the system end 1 through the ventilation hole 7 with the vertical direction as the polarization direction.
[0037] When the display terminal 2 is opened to a set angle relative to the system terminal 1, the antenna 5 is parallel to the bottom surface of the system terminal 1, so that the polarization direction of the electric field and the electromagnetic field generated by the antenna 5 is in the horizontal direction. That is, the design part of the antenna 5 can adopt the surface antenna 5 design method of the PCB, and when the laptop computer is opened to a set angle relative to the system terminal 1, the antenna 5 is exactly parallel to the horizontal direction, and the excitation current of the antenna 5 is designed to be in the horizontal direction, so that only the horizontal polarization electric field is generated in the horizontal plane where the antenna 5 is located. Therefore, the polarization direction of the antenna 5 is perpendicular to the first direction, avoiding the influence of the electric field and the electromagnetic field of the system terminal 1 on the signal of the antenna 5.
[0038] In some embodiments, the ventilation holes 7 are arranged in a rectangular matrix on the ventilation plate 6, the matrix includes at least two rows and two columns, and the spacing between the ventilation holes 7 in two adjacent rows is 1 mm to 1.5 mm. Figure 3 As shown, 6 rows and 3 columns of ventilation holes 7 can be set on the ventilation plate 6 to ensure the heat dissipation effect of the system end 1. Of course, the specific number of rows and columns of the ventilation holes 7 can be set according to actual production needs, which is only used as an example and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the claims. Of course, it can be understood that the ventilation holes 7 can also be arranged on the ventilation plate 6 in other arrangements, for example, arranged in a ring matrix.
[0039] In some embodiments, the ventilation hole 7 is a rectangular slit, which is relatively easier to process and manufacture. The length direction of the ventilation hole 7 can be consistent with the length direction of the rectangular system end 1, so that the electric field and electromagnetic field of the system end 1 can be emitted to the outside of the system end 1 in a vertical direction after passing through the ventilation hole 7.
[0040] In some embodiments, the length of the vent 7 is 280 mm to 320 mm, and the width of the vent 7 is 1 mm to 1.5 mm. The vent 7 with the long gap structure can improve the shielding effect of the electric field and electromagnetic field of the system end 1, shield the electric field and electromagnetic field in the non-vertical polarization direction, and avoid affecting the signal of the antenna 5. Of course, it is understandable that the length and width of the vent 7 can be selected and set according to the actual production or use needs, which is only used as an example and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the claims. Considering the size design of the gap, it is necessary to refine the impact on the WIFI frequency band. The effect of the gap on the ventilation plate 6 on the electric field and the electromagnetic field is similar to the bandpass filter of the circuit, and its resonant frequency is related to the length of the gap. For example, the length of the gap is avoided to be 1 / 2 of the length of the electromagnetic wave to avoid the electromagnetic wave in the system end 1 and the electromagnetic wave of the display end 2 resonating here. At the same time, the gap structure will also attenuate electromagnetic waves in other polarization directions. Simulation can be performed to illustrate the feasibility of the ventilation plate 6 with the above-mentioned gap as a polarization retaining wall. The electric field strength of antenna 5 is measured at a distance of 10 mm from the gap, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, taking the size of the ventilation hole 7 as 300mm×1mm as an example, it can be seen that the slot greatly attenuates the electric field EX in the horizontal direction, and similarly EY also has an attenuation of -50dB; the electric field passing through the slot is mainly vertically polarized EZ, and X, Y, and Z are three directions perpendicular to each other in space. Therefore, designing the antenna 5 to be mainly polarized along the X direction can achieve good polarization isolation from the vertically polarized electric field EZ of the slot.
[0041] In some embodiments, the antenna 5 is a rectangular circuit board, and the antenna 5 is arranged in the rotating shaft 3 of the display terminal 2. The length direction of the antenna 5 is consistent with the length direction of the rectangular display terminal 2, so that the current of the antenna 5 can flow along the length direction of the antenna 5. For example, a dipole antenna 5 can be horizontally placed near the display terminal 2 near the ventilation hole 7 to achieve polarization isolation, or a commonly used PIFA (planar inverted F antenna) PCB antenna can be used, and it is designed as a narrow rectangular form as much as possible. In the design, its main current density distribution is also distributed along its long side, so that the polarization direction of its electric field and electromagnetic field is horizontal, ensuring that it is perpendicular to the first direction, thereby further improving the shielding effect of signal interference in the system end 1. For example, the size of the antenna 5 can be 44mm*10mm*0.4mm, and the frequency band range that the antenna 5 can support includes: 2.4MHz to 2.48GHz, 5150MHz to 7150MHz, using multi-band broadband technology, and the current design is mainly distributed in the horizontal direction. By debugging and simulating the antenna 5 in different frequency bands, it can be achieved that the polarization direction of the electric field in the direction of the ventilation hole 7 is vertical to that of the system end 1, that is, the electric field has a large attenuation in other directions, and the electromagnetic isolation between the ventilation hole 7 and the antenna 5 can be fully achieved.
[0042] In some embodiments, when the display terminal 2 is opened to a set angle relative to the system terminal 1, the distance between the antenna 5 and the ventilation hole 7 is 7 mm to 10 mm. Such a distance can better ensure that the antenna 5 is not affected by the external environment and keep the electric field emitted by the system terminal 1 through the gap in a vertical polarization direction at the antenna 5.
[0043] In some embodiments, the ventilation plate 6 may be a metal plate, which is vertically arranged on the system end 1. Of course, the ventilation plate 6 may be made of other materials, such as hard plastic.
[0044] An embodiment of the utility model further provides an electronic device, comprising the electromagnetic shielding structure as described in any one of the above embodiments.
[0045] The embodiment of the utility model adopts the electromagnetic shielding structure of the above structural form, so that when the display end 2 is opened to a set angle relative to the system end 1, the antenna 5 of the electronic device forms a positional relationship with the gap so that the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, so that the electromagnetic waves generated by the system end 1 of the electronic device during operation can be shielded or attenuated by the gap structure, thereby avoiding the influence of the antenna 5, thereby improving the performance of the antenna 5 of the electronic device. In addition, the above structural design of the ventilation hole 7 also ensures the heat dissipation requirements of the electronic device, and improves the performance of the electronic device.
[0046] The above describes in detail a number of embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various variations and modifications to the embodiments based on the concept of the present invention, and these variations and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
Claims
1. An electromagnetic shielding structure, applied to electronic equipment, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a ventilation plate, the ventilation plate is arranged on the system end of the electronic device, and the ventilation plate is located at a side where the system end is hinged with the display end of the electronic device; the ventilation plate is provided with ventilation holes, the ventilation holes are slots in the shape of long strips, and the electric field and the electromagnetic field in the system end are emitted to the outside of the system end through the ventilation holes with the first direction as the polarization direction; An antenna is arranged in the display end. When the display end is opened to a set angle relative to the system end, the polarization direction of the electric field and the electromagnetic field generated by the antenna is a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction to avoid interference of the electric field and the electromagnetic field emitted by the system end to the antenna.
2. The electromagnetic shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation plate is a rectangular plate, the plate surface of the ventilation plate is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the system end, and the length direction of the ventilation hole is consistent with the length direction of the ventilation plate, so that the electric field and the electromagnetic field in the system end are emitted to the outside of the system end with the vertical direction as the polarization direction after passing through the ventilation hole; When the display end is opened to a set angle relative to the system end, the antenna is parallel to the bottom surface of the system end, so that the polarization direction of the electric field and the electromagnetic field generated by the antenna is horizontal.
3. The electromagnetic shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation holes are arranged in a rectangular matrix on the ventilation plate, and the matrix includes at least two rows and two columns. The spacing distance between the ventilation holes in two adjacent rows is 1 mm to 1.5 mm.
4. The electromagnetic shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation hole is a rectangular gap, and the length direction of the ventilation hole is consistent with the length direction of the system end of the rectangle.
5. The electromagnetic shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the ventilation hole is 280 mm to 320 mm, and the width of the ventilation hole is 1 mm to 1.5 mm.
6. The electromagnetic shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna is a rectangular circuit board, and the antenna is arranged in the rotating shaft of the display end.
7. The electromagnetic shielding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length direction of the antenna is consistent with the length direction of the rectangular display end, so that the current of the antenna can flow along the length direction of the antenna.
8. The electromagnetic shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the display end is opened to a set angle relative to the system end, the distance between the antenna and the ventilation hole is 7 mm to 10 mm.
9. The electromagnetic shielding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation plate is a metal plate, and the metal plate is vertically arranged on the system end.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising the electromagnetic shielding structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.