Rapid installation structure of canal excavation forming shovel and power machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rapid installation structure of a canal excavation forming shovel and a power machine, belongs to the technical field of connecting devices, and aims to solve the problems that a large amount of time is consumed when the shovel is replaced by a traditional connecting structure adopted by an existing canal excavation forming shovel and power machine, and the shovel replacing efficiency is affected. The mounting structure comprises a power machine connecting unit, a forming shovel connecting unit and a locking and limiting unit, the power machine connecting unit is arranged at the tail end of a power machine, the top end of the power machine connecting unit is hinged to the tail end of the power machine through a hinge shaft, and the forming shovel connecting unit is arranged at the top of the canal excavation forming shovel. The forming shovel connecting unit is fixedly connected with the canal excavation forming shovel and arranged under the power machine connecting unit, and the power machine connecting unit is detachably connected with the forming shovel connecting unit through the locking and limiting unit. The quick connecting device is mainly used as a quick connecting part between the canal excavation forming shovel and the tail end of a power machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of connecting devices, and in particular relates to a quick installation structure of a water channel excavation and shaping shovel and a power machine. Background Art

[0002] When digging and excavating a small canal, an excavator or a bulldozer is usually used as a power source to drive the forming shovel to move in the target area along the designed extension direction of the canal to complete the digging and excavation of the small canal. The advantage of using a forming shovel instead of the original mechanical actuator is that the forming shovel can dig out the contour groove of the small canal at one time to simplify the later finishing work on the side and bottom of the canal. In order to ensure the freedom of excavation work, the connection method used by the existing forming shovel and the power source is still an articulated method, and its articulated parts are still designed to be fixed on the shovel body. Because the same shovel body cannot meet the excavation work of the entire canal during canal excavation, the loss of the shovel body needs to be considered during the excavation work. The forming shovel needs to be replaced in time. At the same time, when digging tributary canals, the water consumption in the flow area needs to be considered, and the tributary width needs to be reasonably designed according to the water consumption. This also results in the use of forming shovels of different sizes for digging different tributaries, which also increases the frequency of shovel replacement. During the shovel replacement process, the two articulated shafts used for articulation need to be disassembled in turn, and then installed after the shovel body is replaced. In order to ensure the stability of the installation of the two articulated shafts and avoid the shovel from falling off or deviating during work, it is necessary to repeatedly tighten the fixing points of the articulated shafts in turn. Therefore, the entire shovel replacement process is still very time-consuming and labor-intensive. In order to improve the efficiency of shovel replacement, it is in line with actual needs to design a new mounting structure for the forming shovel and the power machine. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the problem that the conventional connection structure adopted by the existing canal excavation and shaping product and the power machine takes a lot of time when changing the shovel, which affects the efficiency of changing the shovel, and thus provides a quick installation structure of the canal excavation and shaping shovel and the power machine;

[0004] A quick installation structure of a canal excavation shaping shovel and a power machine, the installation structure comprising a power machine connection unit, a shaping shovel connection unit and a locking and limiting unit, the power machine connection unit is arranged at the end of the power machine, and the top of the power machine connection unit is hinged to the end of the power machine through a hinge shaft, the shaping shovel connection unit is arranged on the top of the canal excavation shaping shovel, and the shaping shovel connection unit is fixedly connected to the canal excavation shaping shovel, the shaping shovel connection unit is arranged directly below the power machine connection unit, and the power machine connection unit is detachably connected to the shaping shovel connection unit through the locking and limiting unit;

[0005] The power machine connection unit comprises a connection plate, two hinged ear plates and a plurality of plug-in components, wherein the two hinged ear plates are symmetrically arranged at the top of the connection plate along the center line of the length direction of the connection plate, and the bottom of each hinged ear plate is fixedly connected to the top of the connection plate, and the plurality of plug-in components are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the connection plate along the length extension direction of the connection plate, and the top of each plug-in component is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connection plate, and each plug-in component and the two hinged ear plates are staggered, and a mounting through hole is processed at the top of the connection plate and at the corresponding position of each plug-in component, and the axis of the mounting through hole is colinear with the axis of the plug-in component, the power machine connection unit is hinged to the end of the power machine through the two hinged ear plates, and the plurality of plug-in components are detachably connected to the forming shovel connection unit through the locking and limiting unit;

[0006] The shaping shovel connection unit includes a plurality of locking and limiting sleeves, each of which is correspondingly arranged directly below a plug-in assembly, and the axis of each locking and limiting sleeve is coaxially arranged with the axis of a plug-in assembly, and the bottom end of each locking and limiting sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the canal excavation shaping shovel, and the plurality of plug-in assemblies are detachably connected to the plurality of locking and limiting sleeves through the locking and limiting unit;

[0007] The locking and limiting unit comprises a plurality of locking pin assemblies, the bottom end of each locking pin assembly passes through a mounting through hole on the connecting plate and is inserted into a plug-in assembly, a plurality of telescopic bodies are equidistantly arranged in each plug-in assembly along the circumferential direction, a plurality of locking and limiting holes are equidistantly processed on the inner wall of each locking and limiting sleeve along the circumferential direction, and each telescopic body is coaxially arranged corresponding to a locking and limiting hole, each locking pin assembly drives a plurality of telescopic bodies in a corresponding plug-in assembly to extend to the outside of the plug-in assembly, and a corresponding one of the extended telescopic bodies is embedded in a locking and limiting hole, and the plug-in assembly drives a plurality of telescopic bodies to cooperate with a plurality of locking and limiting holes in the locking and limiting sleeve through a locking pin assembly to realize a disassembly connection;

[0008] Further, the plug-in assembly includes a plug-in pin body and a plurality of telescopic bodies, the top end of the plug-in pin body is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate, and a locking cavity is processed at the top center of the plug-in pin body, and the locking cavity is coaxially arranged with a mounting through hole, and a plurality of guide holes are processed equidistantly along the circumferential direction on the upper inner wall of the locking cavity, and each telescopic body is correspondingly arranged in the guide hole, and the telescopic body includes a limit pin, a return spring and a fixing ring, the fixing ring is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the guide hole close to the locking cavity, and the outer ring wall of the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide hole, the limit pin is inserted in the guide hole, and the tail end of the limit pin passes through the fixing ring and extends into the locking cavity, the head end of the limit pin is processed with a limit step, the return spring is sleeved on the limit pin, and the return spring is arranged between the limit step and the fixing ring, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the step surface of the limit step, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the fixing ring;

[0009] Further, the locking pin assembly includes a top limit plate and an insert cone, the insert cone is arranged at the bottom center of the top limit plate, and the axis of the top limit plate is coaxially and collinearly arranged with the axis of the insert cone, the top of the insert cone is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top limit plate, the insert cone includes a cone body and a cone head, the cone body is a prism with a square end face, the cone head is a four-sided pyramid structure, the tip of the cone head is the bottom end, the flat end of the cone head is the top end, the top end of the cone head and the bottom end of the cone body are integrally formed, the top end of the bottom end of the cone body is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the top limit plate, and the end face area of ​​the bottom end of the top limit plate is larger than the end face area of ​​the top end of the cone body;

[0010] Furthermore, the mounting through hole is a rectangular through hole;

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the power machine connection unit is also provided with an outer shell, which is arranged at the bottom of the connection plate, and the outer shell is sleeved on a plurality of locking limit sleeves, and the top of the outer shell is fixedly connected to the connection plate;

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting plate is also processed with a plurality of magnetic limit hole groups, each magnetic limit hole group corresponds to a mounting through hole, each magnetic limit hole group includes four magnetic limit holes, the four magnetic limit holes are equidistantly arranged on the outside of the mounting through hole along the circumferential direction, the axis of each magnetic limit hole is perpendicular to the connecting plate, and four limit posts are arranged at the bottom of the top limit plate, and the four limit posts are equidistantly arranged around the insert cone along the circumferential direction, the top end of each limit post is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top limit plate, and each limit post is arranged corresponding to a magnetic limit hole;

[0013] Furthermore, an electromagnet is provided at the inner bottom of each magnetic limiting hole, a plurality of storage batteries are embedded in the outer shell, a control switch is installed on the top of the connecting plate, the control switch, the plurality of storage batteries and the plurality of electromagnets are connected by wires, a permanent magnet is fixed to the bottom of each limiting column, and each permanent magnet is arranged in correspondence with an electromagnet;

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0015] The present application provides a quick installation structure of a canal excavation shaping shovel and a power machine, which optimizes the hinged structure originally fixedly connected to the shaping shovel into a split design, wherein the upper part is also hinged to the end of the power machine through an articulated shaft, and the lower part is fixedly connected to the shovel body of the shaping shovel, so that when changing the shovel, the connection between the hinged structure and the end of the power machine is changed to the connection between the upper and lower parts of the hinged structure, and the time spent on changing the shovel is reduced by avoiding frequent disassembly and assembly of the articulated shaft, and in actual operation, the time for changing the shovel is shortened by nearly 60%;

[0016] The connection between the upper and lower parts of the optimized split hinged structure is fixed by plug-in locking. In order to ensure the tightness of the plug-in connection, a telescopic body is also provided in the plug-in pin body to radially position and axially limit the plug-in pin, thereby ensuring the tightness of the plug-in. The extension and rebound action of the telescopic body can be controlled by the locking pin structure only through simple plug-in, and an electromagnetic adsorption structure is also provided between the limit plate and the mounting plate of the locking pin structure. The plug-in stability of the locking pin structure is ensured by magnetic attraction, thereby avoiding loosening of the plug-in assembly and the locking limit sleeve due to working vibration, thereby avoiding the occurrence of shovel slippage or shovel deviation to the greatest extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the installation structure described in this application;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic top view of the installation structure described in this application;

[0019] Figure 3 A bottom view schematic diagram of the installation structure described in this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a main cross-sectional schematic diagram of the installation structure described in this application;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic top view of a connecting plate in the installation structure described in the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the locking limit sleeve and the plug-in assembly in the installation structure described in this application;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main view of the power machine connection unit in the installation structure described in this application;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a main cross-sectional schematic diagram of the power machine connection unit in the installation structure described in this application;

[0025] Fig. 9 This is a main cross-sectional schematic diagram of the installation structure described in this application;

[0026] Fig.10 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of the

[0027] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of the

[0028] Fig.12 A top-sectional schematic diagram of a plug-in assembly in the installation structure described in the present application;

[0029] Fig.13It is a front view schematic diagram of the locking pin assembly in the installation structure described in the present application;

[0030] Fig.14 A bottom view schematically showing a locking pin assembly in the mounting structure described in the present application;

[0031] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure described in this application in use

[0032] In the figure, 1 is a connecting plate, 11 is a mounting through hole, 2 is a hinged ear plate, 3 is an outer shell, 4 is a locking pin assembly, 41 is a top limit plate, 42 is a cone, 43 is a cone head, 44 is a limit column, 45 is a permanent magnet, 5 is a plug-in assembly, 51 is a plug-in pin body, 52 is a locking cavity, 53 is a guide hole, 54 is a limit pin, 55 is a return spring, 56 is a fixing ring, 6 is a locking limit sleeve, 61 is a locking limit hole, 7 is a control switch, 8 is a battery, 9 is a forming shovel and 10 is a power machine end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 15 The present embodiment is described. In the present embodiment, a quick installation structure of a canal excavation shaping shovel and a power machine is provided. The installation structure includes a power machine connection unit, a shaping shovel connection unit and a locking and limiting unit. The power machine connection unit is arranged at the end of the power machine, and the top of the power machine connection unit is hinged to the end of the power machine through a hinge shaft. The shaping shovel connection unit is arranged at the top of the canal excavation shaping shovel, and the shaping shovel connection unit is fixedly connected to the canal excavation shaping shovel. The shaping shovel connection unit is arranged directly below the power machine connection unit, and the power machine connection unit is detachably connected to the shaping shovel connection unit through the locking and limiting unit.

[0034] The power machine connection unit includes a connection plate 1, two hinged ear plates 2 and a plurality of plug-in components 5, wherein the two hinged ear plates 2 are symmetrically arranged at the top of the connection plate 1 along the center line of the length direction of the connection plate 1, and the bottom of each hinged ear plate 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the connection plate 1, and the plurality of plug-in components 5 are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the connection plate 1 along the length extension direction of the connection plate 1, and the top of each plug-in component 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connection plate 1, and each plug-in component 5 and the two hinged ear plates 2 are staggered, and a mounting through hole 11 is processed at the top of the connection plate 1 and at the corresponding position of each plug-in component 5, and the axis of the mounting through hole 11 is colinear with the axis of the plug-in component 5, the power machine connection unit is hinged to the end of the power machine through the two hinged ear plates 2, and the plurality of plug-in components 5 are detachably connected to the forming shovel connection unit through a locking and limiting unit;

[0035] The shaping shovel connection unit includes a plurality of locking and limiting sleeves 6, each locking and limiting sleeve 6 is correspondingly arranged directly below a plug-in component 5, and the axis of each locking and limiting sleeve 6 is coaxially arranged with the axis of a plug-in component 5, and the bottom end of each locking and limiting sleeve 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the canal excavation shaping shovel, and the plurality of plug-in components 5 are detachably connected to the plurality of locking and limiting sleeves 6 through the locking and limiting unit;

[0036] The locking and limiting unit includes a plurality of locking pin assemblies 4, the bottom end of each locking pin assembly 4 passes through a mounting through hole 11 on the connecting plate 1 and is inserted into a plug-in assembly 5, a plurality of telescopic bodies are equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction in each plug-in assembly 5, a plurality of locking and limiting holes 61 are equidistantly processed in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of each locking and limiting sleeve 6, and each telescopic body is coaxially arranged corresponding to a locking and limiting hole 61, each locking pin assembly 4 drives a plurality of telescopic bodies in a corresponding plug-in assembly 5 to extend to the outside of the plug-in assembly 5, and a corresponding one of the extended telescopic bodies is embedded in a locking and limiting hole 61, and the plug-in assembly 5 realizes a disassembly connection by driving a plurality of telescopic bodies through a locking pin assembly 4 to cooperate with a plurality of locking and limiting holes 61 in the locking and limiting sleeve 6.

[0037] In this embodiment, the locking pin assembly 4 drives the telescopic body to extend and retract to realize the detachable connection between the plug-in assembly 5 and the locking limit sleeve 6. The design of the telescopic body can ensure the radial positioning and axial limitation of the locking limit sleeve 6 and the plug-in assembly 5, thereby ensuring the stability of the plug-in assembly 5 during connection. The number of plug-in assemblies 5 is generally set to three, and the number of locking limit sleeves 6 corresponds to the number of plug-in assemblies 5.

[0038] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 15The present embodiment is described. The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the insertion assembly 5 includes an insertion pin body 51 and a plurality of telescopic bodies. The top end of the insertion pin body 51 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate 1, and a locking cavity 52 is processed at the top center of the insertion pin body 51. The locking cavity 52 is coaxially arranged with a mounting through hole 11. A plurality of guide holes 53 are processed equidistantly along the circumferential direction on the upper inner wall of the locking cavity 52. ​​Each telescopic body is correspondingly arranged in the guide hole 53. The telescopic body includes a limit pin 54, a return spring 55 and a fixing ring 56. The fixing ring 56 is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the guide hole 53 close to the locking cavity 52, and the outer ring wall of the fixing ring 56 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide hole 53, the limiting pin 54 is inserted into the guide hole 53, and the tail end of the limiting pin 54 passes through the fixing ring 56 and extends into the locking cavity 52, the head end of the limiting pin 54 is processed with a limiting step, the return spring 55 is sleeved on the limiting pin 54, and the return spring 55 is arranged between the limiting step and the fixing ring 56, one end of the return spring 55 is fixedly connected to the stepped surface of the limiting step, and the other end of the return spring 55 is fixedly connected to the fixing ring 56. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0039] In the present embodiment, there are four telescopic bodies and four guide holes 53, and a reset spring 55 is provided in the telescopic body. When the locking pin assembly 4 is inserted into the locking cavity 52 to drive the limit pin 54 to move outward and be correspondingly inserted into the locking limit hole 61, the reset spring 55 is in an extended state. As the locking pin assembly 4 is separated from the locking cavity 52, the reset spring 55 rebounds and drives the limit pin 54 to reset. At this time, the plug-in assembly 5 is separated from the locking limit sleeve 6, and free plugging and unplugging can be achieved.

[0040] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figures 1 to 15 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the locking pin assembly 4 includes a top limit plate 41 and an insert cone. The insert cone is arranged at the bottom center of the top limit plate 41, and the axis of the top limit plate 41 is coaxially arranged with the axis of the insert cone. The top of the insert cone is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top limit plate 41. The insert cone includes a cone 42 and a cone head 43. The cone 42 is a prism with a square end face. The cone head 43 is a four-sided pyramid structure. The tip of the cone head 43 is the bottom end, and the flat end of the cone head 43 is the top end. The top end of the cone head 43 is integrally formed with the bottom end of the cone 42. The top end of the bottom end of the cone 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the top limit plate 41, and the end face area of ​​the bottom end of the top limit plate 41 is larger than the end face area of ​​the top end of the cone 42. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the second embodiment.

[0041] In this embodiment, the cone head 43 is a transition component, and each side edge surface in the cone head 43 is arranged corresponding to a telescopic body. As the side edge surface in the cone head 43 squeezes the end of the limit pin 54, the limit pin 54 is pushed to extend outward until the side wall of the cone 42 contacts the limit pin 54. The limit pin 54 maintains the extended position unchanged, and the limit pin 54 is locked by the cone 42 to prevent it from rebounding, so that it can be stably embedded in the locking limit hole 61.

[0042] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 15 The present embodiment is described, and the difference between the present embodiment and the third embodiment is that the mounting through hole 11 is a rectangular through hole. The other components and connection methods are the same as those of the third embodiment.

[0043] Such arrangement facilitates the cooperation between the through hole 11 and the cone 42 .

[0044] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figures 1 to 15 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the bottom of the power machine connection unit is further provided with an outer shell 3, which is arranged at the bottom of the connection plate 1, and the outer shell 3 is sleeved on a plurality of locking limit sleeves 6, and the top of the outer shell 3 is fixedly connected to the connection plate 1. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.

[0045] With such arrangement, the outer shell 3 serves as a protective component for the plug-in assembly 5 and the locking and limiting sleeve 6, thereby reducing the influence of the external environment on the two during operation.

[0046] Specific implementation method six: Combination Figures 1 to 15 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that a plurality of magnetic limit hole groups are processed on the connecting plate 1, each magnetic limit hole group corresponds to a mounting through hole 11, and each magnetic limit hole group includes four magnetic limit holes 12. The four magnetic limit holes 12 are circumferentially equidistantly arranged on the outside of the mounting through hole 11, and the axis of each magnetic limit hole 12 is perpendicular to the connecting plate 1. Four limit posts 44 are arranged at the bottom of the top limit plate 41 at equal distances around the insert cone, and the top of each limit post 44 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top limit plate 41, and each limit post 44 is arranged corresponding to a magnetic limit hole 12. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the fifth embodiment.

[0047] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1 to 15This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the sixth embodiment is that an electromagnet 13 is provided at the inner bottom of each magnetic limiting hole 12, a plurality of storage batteries 8 are embedded in the outer shell 3, a control switch 7 is installed on the top of the connecting plate 1, and the control switch 7, the plurality of storage batteries 8 and the plurality of electromagnets 13 are connected by wires, a permanent magnet 45 is fixed to the bottom of each limiting column 44, and each permanent magnet 45 is arranged in correspondence with an electromagnet 13. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the sixth embodiment.

[0048] In combination with the description of specific implementation methods six and seven, the present application uses a battery 8 to power the electromagnet 13 to generate magnetism, thereby generating suction on the permanent magnet 45 at the bottom of the limit column 44, thereby ensuring the stability and tightness of the cooperation between the limit column 44 and the magnetic limit hole 12, while also ensuring the reliability of the installation of the locking pin assembly 4, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the shovel falling off to the greatest extent.

[0049] The present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred implementation cases, but it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent implementation cases with equivalent changes by using the above-disclosed structures and technical contents without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above implementation cases based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0050] How it works

[0051] When the present application is in use, the power machine connection unit is first connected to the power machine through an articulated shaft, which is the same as the connection method between the articulated component fixed on the conventional forming shovel 9 and the power machine end 10, and then the forming shovel connection unit fixed on the forming shovel 9 is correspondingly inserted into the power machine connection unit, ensuring that each locking limit sleeve 6 is set in the outer shell sleeve 3, and each locking limit sleeve 6 is sleeved on an insertion component 5, and after ensuring that the two are sleeved stably, the locking pin component 4 is correspondingly passed through an installation through hole 11 and inserted into an insertion component 5, with the insertion action of the insert cone in the locking pin component 4, each limit pin 54 inside the insertion component 5 is driven to extend into the locking limit hole 61 on the locking limit sleeve 6, thereby realizing the locking action of the locking limit sleeve 6 and the insertion component 5, and at the same time, the locking pin component 4 The limiting column 44 in the limiting plate of the top limiting plate 41 is also correspondingly inserted in a magnetic limiting hole 12. The control switch 7 located on the connecting plate 11 is pressed to energize the battery 8 to the electromagnet 13 to make it magnetic. The energized electromagnet 13 generates suction force on the permanent magnet 45 at the bottom of the limiting column 44 to ensure the stability of the insertion of the locking pin assembly 4. At this point, the forming shovel 9 is installed and can be used to dig the canal under the drive of the power machine. When the shovel needs to be replaced, the control switch 7 is turned off, the battery 8 stops supplying power to the electromagnet 13, the electromagnet 13 loses its magnetism and loses its suction force on the permanent magnet 45. At this time, the locking pin assembly 4 is pulled out, and the limiting pin 54 is disengaged from the locking limiting hole 61 under the action of the reset spring 55. At this time, the insertion assembly 5 and the locking limiting sleeve 6 are in a separated state, and the forming shovel 9 can be maintained and replaced.

Claims

1. A quick installation structure for a canal excavation and shaping shovel and a power machine, characterized in that: The mounting structure includes a power machine connection unit, a forming shovel connection unit and a locking and limiting unit. The power machine connection unit is arranged at the end of the power machine, and the top of the power machine connection unit is hinged to the end of the power machine through a hinge shaft. The forming shovel connection unit is arranged on the top of the canal excavation forming shovel, and the forming shovel connection unit is fixedly connected to the canal excavation forming shovel. The forming shovel connection unit is arranged directly below the power machine connection unit, and the power machine connection unit is detachably connected to the forming shovel connection unit through the locking and limiting unit. The power machine connection unit comprises a connection plate (1), two hinged ear plates (2) and a plurality of plug-in components (5), wherein the two hinged ear plates (2) are symmetrically arranged on the top of the connection plate (1) along the center line of the length direction of the connection plate (1), and the bottom of each hinged ear plate (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the connection plate (1), and the plurality of plug-in components (5) are equidistantly arranged on the bottom of the connection plate (1) along the length extension direction of the connection plate (1), and the top of each plug-in component (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connection plate (1), and each plug-in component (5) and the two hinged ear plates (2) are staggered, and a mounting through hole (11) is processed at the top of the connection plate (1) and at the corresponding position of each plug-in component (5), and the axis of the mounting through hole (11) is arranged colinearly with the axis of the plug-in component (5), the power machine connection unit is hinged to the end of the power machine through the two hinged ear plates (2), and the plurality of plug-in components (5) are detachably connected to the forming shovel connection unit through a locking and limiting unit; The shaping shovel connection unit comprises a plurality of locking and limiting sleeves (6), each locking and limiting sleeve (6) being arranged correspondingly directly below a plug-in assembly (5), and the axis of each locking and limiting sleeve (6) being arranged correspondingly coaxially with the axis of a plug-in assembly (5), the bottom end of each locking and limiting sleeve (6) being fixedly connected to the top of the canal excavation shaping shovel, and the plurality of plug-in assemblies (5) being detachably connected to the plurality of locking and limiting sleeves (6) via the locking and limiting unit; The locking and limiting unit comprises a plurality of locking pin assemblies (4), the bottom end of each locking pin assembly (4) passes through a mounting through hole (11) on the connecting plate (1) and is inserted into a plug-in assembly (5), a plurality of telescopic bodies are equidistantly arranged in each plug-in assembly (5) along the circumferential direction, a plurality of locking and limiting holes (61) are equidistantly processed on the inner wall of each locking and limiting sleeve (6) along the circumferential direction, and each telescopic body is coaxially arranged corresponding to a locking and limiting hole (61), each locking pin assembly (4) drives the plurality of telescopic bodies in a corresponding plug-in assembly (5) to extend to the outside of the plug-in assembly (5), and each extended telescopic body is correspondingly embedded in a locking and limiting hole (61), and the plug-in assembly (5) drives the plurality of telescopic bodies to cooperate with the plurality of locking and limiting holes (61) in the locking and limiting sleeve (6) through a locking pin assembly (4) to achieve detachable connection.

2. The rapid installation structure of a water channel excavation and shaping shovel and a power machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plug-in assembly (5) comprises a plug-in pin body (51) and a plurality of telescopic bodies, the top end of the plug-in pin body (51) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate (1), a locking cavity (52) is processed at the top center of the plug-in pin body (51), and the locking cavity (52) is coaxially arranged with a mounting through hole (11), a plurality of guide holes (53) are processed on the inner wall of the upper part of the locking cavity (52) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, each telescopic body is correspondingly arranged in the guide hole (53), and the telescopic body comprises a limit pin (54), a return spring (55) and a fixing ring (56), and the fixing ring (56) is arranged near the guide hole (53). The inner wall of one end of the locking cavity (52) is close to the outer ring wall of the fixing ring (56) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide hole (53). The limit pin (54) is inserted into the guide hole (53), and the tail end of the limit pin (54) passes through the fixing ring (56) and extends into the locking cavity (52). The head end of the limit pin (54) is processed with a limit step. The return spring (55) is sleeved on the limit pin (54), and the return spring (55) is arranged between the limit step and the fixing ring (56). One end of the return spring (55) is fixedly connected to the stepped surface of the limit step, and the other end of the return spring (55) is fixedly connected to the fixing ring (56).

3. The rapid installation structure of a water channel excavation and shaping shovel and a power machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking pin assembly (4) comprises a top limiting plate (41) and an inserting cone. The inserting cone is arranged at the bottom center of the top limiting plate (41), and the axis of the top limiting plate (41) is coaxially arranged with the axis of the inserting cone. The top of the inserting cone is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top limiting plate (41). The inserting cone comprises a cone (42) and a cone head (43). The cone (42) is a prism with a square end face. The cone head (43) is a four-sided pyramid structure. The tip of the cone head (43) is the bottom end, and the flat end of the cone head (43) is the top end. The top end of the cone head (43) is integrally formed with the bottom end of the cone (42). The top end of the bottom end of the cone (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the top limiting plate (41), and the end face area of ​​the bottom end of the top limiting plate (41) is larger than the end face area of ​​the top end of the cone (42).

4. The rapid installation structure of a water channel excavation and shaping shovel and a power machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting through hole (11) is a rectangular through hole.

5. The rapid installation structure of a water channel excavation and shaping shovel and a power machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: An outer shell (3) is also provided at the bottom of the power machine connection unit. The outer shell (3) is arranged at the bottom of the connection plate (1), and the outer shell (3) is sleeved on a plurality of locking limit sleeves (6). The top of the outer shell (3) is fixedly connected to the connection plate (1).

6. The rapid installation structure of a water channel excavation and shaping shovel and a power machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting plate (1) is also processed with a plurality of magnetic limit hole groups, each magnetic limit hole group is arranged corresponding to a mounting through hole (11), each magnetic limit hole group includes four magnetic limit holes (12), the four magnetic limit holes (12) are arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction on the outside of the mounting through hole (11), the axis of each magnetic limit hole (12) is arranged perpendicular to the connecting plate (1), four limit posts (44) are arranged at a bottom of the top limit plate (41) at an equidistant distance around the insert cone along the circumferential direction, the top end of each limit post (44) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top limit plate (41), and each limit post (44) is arranged corresponding to a magnetic limit hole (12).

7. The rapid installation structure of a water channel excavation and shaping shovel and a power machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: An electromagnet (13) is provided at the inner bottom of each magnetic limiting hole (12), a plurality of storage batteries (8) are embedded in the outer shell (3), a control switch (7) is installed on the top of the connecting plate (1), and the control switch (7) and the plurality of storage batteries (8) are The plurality of electromagnets (13) are connected via wires, and a permanent magnet (45) is fixedly connected to the bottom of each limiting column (44). Each permanent magnet (45) is arranged in correspondence with an electromagnet (13).

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