Battery monomer, battery and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery monomer, a battery and electric equipment, the battery monomer comprises a shell and an exhaust assembly, and the first wall of the shell is provided with a liquid injection hole; the exhaust assembly comprises a base and a blocking piece, the base is arranged on the inner surface of the first wall, the base and the inner surface of the first wall jointly define a cavity, the blocking piece is contained in the cavity, the base is provided with a through hole communicating with the cavity, and the liquid injection hole communicates with the cavity; wherein the blocking piece is configured to have the trend of blocking the through hole under the action of gravity. And the exhaust assembly can effectively improve the reliability of the battery monomers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy technology, batteries are being used more and more widely. Batteries have high energy density, high safety, long service life, and are green and environmentally friendly to the social environment. They have been widely used in passenger cars, commercial vehicles, electric bicycles, heavy trucks, energy storage facilities, battery swap stations, engineering manufacturing, smart equipment, etc. At the same time, they also promote technical development and research in communications, medical equipment, energy development, etc.

[0003] In battery technology, how to improve the reliability of battery cells is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can effectively improve the reliability of the battery cell.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, which includes a shell and an exhaust assembly, wherein a first wall of the shell is provided with an injection hole; the exhaust assembly includes a base and a sealing member, wherein the base is provided on an inner surface of the first wall and defines a chamber together with the inner surface of the first wall, the sealing member is accommodated in the chamber, the base is provided with a through hole communicating with the chamber, and the injection hole is communicated with the chamber; wherein the sealing member includes a blocking state and a releasing state, wherein in the blocking state, the blocking member is configured to block the through hole under the action of gravity, and in the releasing state, the blocking member is configured to open the through hole.

[0006] In the above technical solution, when the battery cell does not need to be vented, the plugging member blocks the through hole under the action of gravity to maintain the airtightness of the battery cell and reduce the risk of external gas entering the battery cell. When the battery cell needs to be vented, the plugging member is moved to release the through hole so that the gas can enter the chamber from the through hole and then be discharged through the injection hole, thereby completing the venting of the battery cell. This exhaust assembly has a simple structure and is easy to control, which can effectively improve the reliability of the battery cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the blocking member is made of magnetic metal, and in the released state, the blocking member is configured to open the through hole under the action of an external magnetic force.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the blocking piece is made of magnetic metal, which facilitates the blocking piece to be attracted by a magnet so as to control the blocking piece to release the through hole, thereby achieving exhaust of the battery cell.

[0009] In some embodiments, the surface of the blocking member is coated with an insulating layer.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the insulating layer can reduce the possibility that metal chips on the surface of the magnetic metal fall into the battery cell and cause a short circuit in the battery cell.

[0011] In some embodiments, the insulating layer is made of ceramic or plastic.

[0012] In the above technical solution, ceramics or plastics are easy to obtain, which facilitates the preparation of the plugging parts.

[0013] In some embodiments, the blocking member is a sphere.

[0014] The above technical solution facilitates the mass production of the plugging parts and helps to improve the consistency of the surface of the plugging parts.

[0015] In some embodiments, the diameter of the blocking member is φ 1 , the diameter of the through hole is φ 2 , satisfying, 3 / 5φ 1 ≤φ 2 ≤4 / 5φ 1 .

[0016] In the above technical solution, 3 / 5φ 1 ≤φ 2 Compared with the through hole, the plugging piece will not be too small, which can reduce the risk of the plugging piece being stuck in the through hole and difficult to release the through hole, resulting in failure of the exhaust assembly and thus failure to complete exhaust of the battery cell; φ 2 ≤4 / 5φ 1 Compared with the through hole, the plugging piece is not too large, and the plugging piece is not easy to shift from the through hole, so that the plugging piece can stably block the through hole under the action of gravity and maintain the sealing of the battery cell. 1 ≤φ 2 ≤4 / 5φ 1 , which can take into account the reliability of the exhaust component and the sealing of the battery cell, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell.

[0017] In some embodiments, the injection hole and the through hole are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the first wall.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the injection hole and the through hole are arranged relative to each other along the thickness direction of the first wall, so that the injection hole and the through hole correspond to each other. In this way, when liquid is injected into the battery cell through the injection hole, the electrolyte can be discharged from the through hole in time, which can reduce the possibility of electrolyte enrichment in the chamber and corroding the sealing part.

[0019] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the first wall, a projected area of ​​the through hole is larger than a projected area of ​​the injection hole.

[0020] In the above technical solution, when liquid is injected into the battery cell through the injection hole, the through hole is larger than the injection hole, which can alleviate the shielding of the electrolyte by the base and further reduce the possibility of electrolyte enrichment in the chamber to corrode the plugging component.

[0021] In some embodiments, the inner surface of the base includes a guide slope, and the guide slope is configured to guide the blocking member to move toward the through hole.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the guiding slope is configured to guide the blocking member to move toward the through hole, so that the blocking member can adaptively move toward the through hole under the action of gravity to block the through hole.

[0023] In some embodiments, the guiding inclined surface is a conical surface having a first end with a larger diameter and a second end with a smaller diameter, and the through hole is arranged at the second end.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the guiding inclined surface is a conical surface, which is beneficial to improving the consistency of the guiding inclined surface.

[0025] In some embodiments, the inclination angle of the guide slope relative to the inner surface of the first wall is β, satisfying 5°≤β≤20°.

[0026] In the above technical solution, if 5°≤β, the inclination angle of the guide slope will not be too small, which can increase the component force of the gravity of the plugging piece along the guide slope, so that the plugging piece can move toward the through hole under the action of its own gravity to plug the through hole; if β≤20°, the inclination angle of the guide slope will not be too large, so that a small force can be applied to the plugging piece to stabilize the plugging piece on the guide slope. Therefore, 5°≤β≤20° can reduce the difficulty of controlling the plugging piece and improve the controllability of the exhaust assembly.

[0027] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes an insulating member, the insulating member is disposed on the inner surface of the first wall, the insulating member is provided with an escape hole, and the base is penetrated through the escape hole.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the insulating member can insulate the first wall from the components inside the battery cell, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell.

[0029] In some embodiments, the housing includes a shell and an end cover, one end of the shell is open, the end cover covers the opening, and the first wall is the end cover.

[0030] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, the battery comprising a battery cell provided by any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0031] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, the electrical device comprising a battery cell provided by any embodiment of the first aspect or a battery provided by an embodiment of the second aspect, wherein the battery cell or the battery is used to power the electrical device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 An exploded schematic diagram of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 An exploded schematic diagram of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Schematic diagrams of the structure of the first wall and the exhaust assembly from different perspectives of some embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Section view along AA;

[0039] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0040] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the release through hole of the middle blocking member;

[0041] Fig.11 and Fig.12 Schematic diagrams of structures of the first wall and the insulating member from different perspectives of other embodiments of the present application;

[0042] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of a first wall and an insulating member in some embodiments of the present application;

[0043] Fig.14 for Fig.12 Sectional view along BB;

[0044] Fig.15 for Fig.14 Enlarged view of part B in the middle.

[0045] icon:

[0046] 100-battery;

[0047] 10-battery cell; 11-electrode assembly; 12-housing; 121-shell; 122-end cover; 1201-first wall; 12011-liquid injection hole;

[0048] 13-exhaust assembly; 131-base; 1311-through hole; 1312-guide slope; 132-chamber; 133-blocking member;

[0049] 14-electrode terminal;

[0050] 15-pressure relief mechanism;

[0051] 16-insulating member; 161-body; 1611-avoidance hole; 162-spoiler; 1621-first connecting portion; 1622-second connecting portion; 1623-shielding portion; 163-gap;

[0052] 20-box; 21-first part; 22-second part; 23-accommodating space;

[0053] 1000-Vehicle; 200-Motor; 300-Controller;

[0054] Z-thickness direction.

[0055] The drawings are not drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship.

[0058] Reference to "embodiment" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means more than two; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but is within the allowable error range. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but is within the allowable error range.

[0061] The term "or" in this application is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that two relationships may exist. For example, A or B may represent two situations: A exists alone, and B exists alone.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of the present application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the integrated device are only exemplary descriptions and should not constitute any limitation to the present application.

[0063] The term "plurality" used in the present application refers to two or more (including two).

[0064] In the present application, battery cells may include but are not limited to lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, etc. Battery cells include but are not limited to cylinders, flat bodies, rectangular parallelepipeds or other shapes, etc. Battery cells generally include cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, etc., according to the packaging method.

[0065] A battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte. The electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator. A battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to work. Metal ions (such as lithium ions) are embedded and removed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator is set between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to prevent the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet from short-circuiting, while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0066] The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode collector. The positive electrode collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as a positive electrode ear.

[0067] Taking lithium-ion batteries as an example, the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc. The positive electrode collector can be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, aluminum with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel or titanium, etc. can be used. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0068] The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode collector and a negative electrode active material layer. The negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode collector. The negative electrode collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. The negative electrode collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as a negative electrode tab.

[0069] The negative electrode current collector may be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, aluminum with silver-plated surface, stainless steel with silver-plated surface, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel or titanium, etc. may be used. The negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon, etc.

[0070] In order to ensure that a large current can pass without melting, the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together. The material of the isolation film can be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene). In addition, the electrode assembly can be a wound structure or a laminated structure.

[0071] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack. The battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The box can reduce the impact of liquid or other foreign matter on the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

[0072] In some embodiments, the battery may be a battery module. When there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are arranged and fixed to form a battery module.

[0073] In some embodiments, the battery may be a battery pack, which includes a case and battery cells, wherein the battery cells or battery modules are accommodated in the case.

[0074] In some embodiments, multiple battery cells may be first integrated into at least one battery module, and then the battery module may be installed in a box to form a battery pack. In this embodiment, auxiliary structural members such as beams may be provided between the battery modules to improve the installation stability of the battery module in the box.

[0075] In some embodiments, the box body can be used as a part of the chassis structure of the vehicle. For example, part of the box body can become at least a part of the floor of the vehicle, or part of the box body can become at least a part of the cross beam and longitudinal beam of the vehicle.

[0076] In some embodiments, the battery may be an energy storage device, which includes an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, and the like.

[0077] The development of battery technology must take into account many design factors at the same time, such as energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, charge and discharge rate and other performance parameters. In addition, battery reliability must also be considered.

[0078] In battery technology, in order to improve the performance of battery cells, a certain vacuum degree needs to be maintained inside the battery cells. Gas production inside the battery cells or gas entering the battery cells will destroy the vacuum degree inside the battery cells. These gases are not convenient to discharge, resulting in reduced reliability of the battery cells.

[0079] In the related art, in order to exhaust gas to maintain the vacuum degree of the battery cell, an exhaust component is usually placed at the location of the injection hole of the battery cell, and the injection hole is used for exhaust to reduce the number of openings. Some exhaust components are battery valves, and some exhaust structures use springs to drive springs to block or release the exhaust holes.

[0080] In view of this, in order to solve the problem that the inconvenient exhaust of battery cell gas affects the reliability of the battery cell, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, which includes a shell and an exhaust assembly, and the first wall of the shell is provided with a liquid injection hole. The exhaust assembly includes a base and a plugging member, the base is provided on the inner surface of the first wall and defines a chamber together with the inner surface of the first wall, the plugging member is accommodated in the chamber, the base is provided with a through hole connected to the chamber, and the injection hole is connected to the chamber. Wherein, the plugging member is configured to have a tendency to block the through hole under the action of gravity.

[0081] With such a battery cell, when the battery cell does not need to be vented, the plugging piece blocks the through hole under the action of gravity to maintain the airtightness of the battery cell and reduce the risk of external gas entering the battery cell. When the battery cell needs to be vented, the plugging piece is moved to release the through hole so that the gas can enter the chamber from the through hole and then be discharged through the injection hole, thereby completing the venting of the battery cell. This venting assembly has a simple structure and is easy to control, which can effectively improve the reliability of the battery cell.

[0082] Among them, exhaust refers to the discharge of gas inside the battery cell to maintain the vacuum inside the battery cell and stabilize the internal environment of the battery cell.

[0083] The technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to but not limited to batteries and electrical equipment using batteries.

[0084] Electrical equipment can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and electric tools, etc. Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecrafts, etc. Electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc. Electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and electric planers, etc.

[0085] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking the electric device as a vehicle 1000 as an example.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the present application. A battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000.

[0087] The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 300 and a motor 200 , wherein the controller 300 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 200 , for example, to meet the power requirements of starting, navigating, and driving the vehicle 1000 .

[0088] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0089] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The battery 100 of some embodiments of the present application is an exploded schematic diagram, and the battery 100 includes a plurality of battery cells 10. The plurality of battery cells 10 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 10 are connected in series and in parallel.

[0090] In some embodiments, the battery 100 may further include a busbar component (not shown), and the multiple battery cells 10 may be electrically connected via the busbar component to achieve series connection, parallel connection, or mixed connection of the multiple battery cells 10 .

[0091] The busbar component may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0092] In some embodiments, the battery 100 may further include a box 20, which is used to accommodate the battery cell 10. The box 20 may include a first portion 21 and a second portion 22, which cover each other to define an accommodating space 23 for accommodating the battery cell 10. Of course, the connection between the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 may be sealed by a sealing element (not shown), which may be a sealing ring, a sealant, etc.

[0093] The first part 21 and the second part 22 may be in various shapes, such as a cuboid, a cylinder, etc. The first part 21 may be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second part 22 may be a hollow structure with one side open, and the open side of the second part 22 covers the open side of the first part 21, thereby forming a box body 20 with a receiving space 23. Of course, the first part 21 may be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second part 22 may be a plate-like structure, and the second part 22 covers the open side of the first part 21, thereby forming a box body 20 with a receiving space 23.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell 10 according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 The exploded schematic diagram of the battery cell 10 according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery cell 10 may include a housing 12, an electrode assembly 11, and other functional components.

[0095] The housing 12 is a component for accommodating the electrode assembly 11. In some embodiments, the housing 12 includes a housing 121 and an end cap 122, wherein the housing 121 may be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, or a hollow structure with openings at both ends. The housing 121 may be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc. The housing 121 may be in a variety of shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. For example, in Figure 3 In the embodiment, the housing 121 is a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0096] The end cap 122 is a component that covers the opening of the shell 121 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 10 from the external environment. The end cap 122 covers the opening of the shell 121, and the end cap 122 and the shell 121 together define a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 11, the electrolyte and other functional components. The shape of the end cap 122 can be adapted to the shape of the shell 121. For example, the shell 121 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the end cap 122 is a rectangular plate structure adapted to the shell 121. For another example, the shell 121 is a cylindrical structure, and the end cap 122 is a circular plate structure adapted to the shell 121. The material of the end cap 122 can also be a variety of materials. For example, the end cap 122 can be a metal material, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc. The material of the end cap 122 can be the same as or different from the material of the shell 121.

[0097] In the battery cell 10, there can be one or two end caps 122. If the housing 121 is a hollow structure with an opening at one end, one end cap 122 is provided accordingly (e.g. Figure 4If the shell 121 is a hollow structure with openings at both ends, two end covers 122 are correspondingly provided, and the two end covers 122 are respectively covered with the two openings of the shell 121.

[0098] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments, functional components such as an electrode terminal 14 and a pressure relief mechanism 15 may also be provided on the end cover 122 .

[0099] The embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 10, which can solve the problem of low reliability of the battery cell 10 caused by inconvenient exhaust of the battery cell 10. The specific structure of the battery cell 10 is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0100] Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first wall 1201 and the exhaust assembly 13 from different perspectives in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Section view along AA; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of part A in the middle; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the middle blocking member 133 releasing the through hole 1311.

[0101] Reference first Figures 5 to 10 , combined with reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 10, which includes a shell 12 and a vent assembly 13, wherein a first wall 1201 of the shell 12 is provided with a liquid injection hole 12011; the vent assembly 13 includes a base 131 and a plugging member 133, wherein the base 131 is provided on the inner surface of the first wall 1201 and defines a chamber 132 together with the inner surface of the first wall 1201, wherein the plugging member 133 is accommodated in the chamber 132, wherein the base 131 is provided with a through hole 1311 communicating with the chamber 132, and the liquid injection hole 12011 is communicated with the chamber 132; wherein the plugging member 133 includes a blocking state and a release state, wherein in the blocking state, the plugging member 133 is configured to block the through hole 1311 under the action of gravity, and in the release state, the plugging member 133 is configured to open the through hole 1311.

[0102] The injection hole 12011 is provided on the first wall 1201, and the injection device can inject electrolyte into the interior of the battery cell 10 through the injection hole 12011. The injection hole 12011 can be a stepped hole, or a hole with the same diameter everywhere. The first wall 1201 can be the bottom wall of the battery cell 10, the first wall 1201 can also be the side wall of the battery cell 10, the first wall 1201 can also be the top wall of the battery cell 10, or the first wall 1201 can also be the end cover 122 (such as the end cover 122 of the battery cell 10) Figure 4 shown).

[0103] The exhaust assembly 13 is disposed on the first wall 1201 , and the exhaust assembly 13 and the injection hole 12011 are disposed on the same wall portion of the battery cell 10 .

[0104] The exhaust assembly 13 includes a base 131 and a blocking member 133. The base 131 is disposed on the inner surface of the first wall 1201 and defines a chamber 132 together with the inner surface of the first wall 1201. The inner surface of the first wall 1201 is the surface of the first wall 1201 facing the inside of the battery cell 10. It can be understood that along the thickness direction Z of the first wall 1201, the first wall 1201 has an outer surface and an inner surface, and the base 131 is disposed on the inner surface.

[0105] The chamber 132 is a space for accommodating the blocking member 133. The blocking member 133 is configured to be movable in the chamber 132, that is, the blocking member 133 is movable in the chamber 132. The injection hole 12011, the chamber 132 and the through hole 1311 are connected, and the exhaust component 13 is arranged around the exhaust hole, and the injection hole 12011 is used for exhaust, thereby reducing the number of openings on the housing 12.

[0106] The shape of the base 131 is varied. The base 131 can be configured as a cone, such as a cone, a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid, etc. The base 131 can also be configured as a combined geometric body of a cylinder and a cone, or a combined geometric body of a polygonal column and a cone. For example, Fig. 9 As shown, the base 131 is a cone.

[0107] The blocking member 133 may have various shapes, such as a sphere, an ellipsoid, or the like.

[0108] It should be noted that the blocking member 133 includes a blocking state and a released state. The blocking member 133 is in the blocking state (eg Fig. 9 ), in the blocking state, the blocking member 133 is configured to block the through hole 1311 under the action of gravity, at which time the blocking member 133 can be partially accommodated in the through hole 1311, and the chamber 132 is isolated from the interior of the battery cell 10; the blocking member 133 is in the released state (such as Fig.10 ), at which time the blocking member 133 releases the through hole 1311, so that the chamber 132 is connected to the interior of the battery cell 10. The blocking member 133 releasing the through hole 1311 means that the blocking member 133 does not completely block the through hole 1311. The blocking member 133 releasing the through hole 1311 may mean that the blocking member 133 only blocks a portion of the through hole 1311, and there is still a gap between the through hole 1311 and the blocking member 133, or the blocking member 133 is completely separated from the through hole 1311.

[0109] The blocking member 133 is changed from the blocking state to the released state by moving the blocking member 133 by an external force, thereby releasing the through hole 1311 (such as Fig.10 As shown). There are various forms of moving the blocking member 133 by external force. For example, the blocking member 133 may be made of magnetic material, and a magnet may be used to apply magnetic force to the blocking member 133 externally so that the blocking member 133 releases the through hole 1311, wherein the magnet includes but is not limited to a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, etc. Alternatively, a rod-shaped toggle member may be extended from the injection hole 12011 into the chamber 132 to toggle the blocking member 133, so that the blocking member 133 releases the through hole 1311.

[0110] The blocking member 133 is configured to block the through hole 1311 under the action of gravity, which means that when the blocking member 133 is not subjected to other forces, the blocking member 133 has a tendency to move toward the through hole 1311 under the action of its own gravity to block the through hole 1311, so that the blocking member 133 changes from a released state to a blocked state. Under the action of gravity, the blocking member 133 can move toward the through hole 1311 with little or no external force.

[0111] In this embodiment, the chamber 132, the injection hole 12011 and the through hole 1311 are connected. When the battery cell 10 does not need to be vented, the blocking member 133 blocks the through hole 1311 under the action of gravity to maintain the airtightness of the battery cell 10 and reduce the risk of external gas entering the battery cell 10. When the battery cell 10 needs to be vented, the blocking member 133 is moved to release the through hole 1311, so that the gas can enter the chamber 132 from the through hole 1311 and then be discharged through the injection hole 12011, thereby completing the venting of the battery cell 10. This exhaust assembly 13 has a simple structure, is easy to control, and can effectively improve the reliability of the battery cell 10.

[0112] In some embodiments, the blocking member 133 is made of magnetic metal, and in the released state, the blocking member 133 is configured to open the through hole 1311 under the action of an external magnetic force.

[0113] It is understandable that under the action of the external magnetic force, the blocking member 133 opens the through hole 1311, and the blocking member changes from the blocking state to the released state, at which time the blocking member 133 is subjected to the external magnetic force and its own gravity. After the external magnetic force is removed, under the action of gravity, the blocking member 133 gradually approaches the through hole until it blocks the through hole 1311, and the blocking member 133 changes from the released state to the blocked state.

[0114] The material of the blocking member 133 includes but is not limited to iron, nickel, cobalt and alloys thereof.

[0115] In this embodiment, the blocking member 133 is made of magnetic metal, so that the blocking member 133 can be attracted by a magnet to control the blocking member 133 to release the through hole 1311 , thereby achieving exhaust of the battery cell 10 .

[0116] In some embodiments, the surface of the blocking member 133 is coated with an insulating layer. The insulating layer can reduce the possibility that metal chips on the surface of the magnetic metal fall into the battery cell 10 and cause the battery cell 10 to short-circuit.

[0117] The material of the insulating layer includes but is not limited to ceramic, plastic, silicone and the like.

[0118] In some embodiments, the insulating layer is made of ceramic or plastic, which are easy to obtain and convenient for preparing the blocking member 133 .

[0119] In some embodiments, the blocking member 133 is a sphere, that is, the blocking member 133 is a round ball, which is convenient for mass production of the blocking member 133 and helps to improve the consistency of the surface of the blocking member 133.

[0120] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In some embodiments, the diameter of the blocking member 133 is φ 1 , the diameter of the through hole 1311 is φ 2 , satisfying, 3 / 5φ 1 ≤φ 2 ≤4 / 5φ 1 .

[0121] For example, φ 2 With φ 1 The multiple values ​​of φ can be 3 / 5, 16 / 25, 17 / 25, 7 / 10, 37 / 50, 39 / 50, 4 / 5, etc. Since it is impossible to list all the values ​​between 3 / 5 and 4 / 5, several intermediate values ​​are listed here as examples. It can be understood that any value between these can be used as φ 2 With φ 1 The value of the multiple relationship.

[0122] In this embodiment, 3 / 5φ 1 ≤φ 2 , compared with the through hole 1311, the blocking member 133 is not too small, which can reduce the risk that the blocking member 133 is stuck in the through hole 1311 and is difficult to release the through hole 1311, causing the exhaust assembly 13 to fail and the battery cell 10 to fail to complete exhaust; φ 2 ≤4 / 5φ 1 Compared with the through hole 1311, the blocking member 133 is not too large, and the blocking member 133 is not easily displaced from the through hole 1311, so that the blocking member 133 can stably block the through hole 1311 under the action of gravity to maintain the sealing of the battery cell 10.1 ≤φ 2 ≤4 / 5φ 1 , which can take into account both the reliability of the exhaust assembly 13 and the sealing of the battery cell 10 , thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell 10 .

[0123] Reference Fig. 9 In some embodiments, the injection hole 12011 and the through hole 1311 are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction Z of the first wall 1201. That is, the injection hole 12011 and the through hole 1311 are directly opposite to each other, and the center line of the injection hole 12011 and the center line of the through hole 1311 can be collinear.

[0124] The injection hole 12011 and the through hole 1311 are arranged relative to each other along the thickness direction Z of the first wall 1201, so that the injection hole 12011 corresponds to the through hole 1311. In this way, when liquid is injected into the battery cell 10 through the injection hole 12011, the electrolyte can be discharged from the through hole 1311 in time, which can reduce the possibility of the electrolyte being enriched in the chamber 132 and corroding the sealing member 133.

[0125] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction Z of the first wall 1201, the projected area of ​​the through hole 1311 is larger than the projected area of ​​the injection hole 12011. In this way, when injecting liquid into the battery cell 10 through the injection hole 12011, the through hole 1311 is larger than the injection hole 12011, which can alleviate the shielding of the electrolyte by the base 131 and further reduce the possibility of the electrolyte being enriched in the chamber 132 and corroding the blocking member 133.

[0126] It can be understood that the through hole 1311 is larger than the injection hole 12011.

[0127] If the through hole 1311 is a stepped hole, the through hole 1311 is larger than the hole section of the injection hole 12011 that passes through the inner surface of the first wall 1201 .

[0128] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In some embodiments, the inner surface of the base 131 includes a guide slope 1312 , and the guide slope 1312 is configured to guide the blocking member 133 to move toward the through hole 1311 .

[0129] It can be understood that relative to the first wall 1201 , the guide slope 1312 is an inclined surface, and the gravity of the blocking member 133 has a component force along the guide slope 1312 .

[0130] In this embodiment, the guiding slope 1312 is configured to guide the blocking member 133 to move toward the through hole 1311 , so that the blocking member 133 can adaptively move toward the through hole 1311 under the action of gravity to block the through hole 1311 .

[0131] Reference Fig.10In some embodiments, the guide slope 1312 is a conical surface having a first end with a larger diameter and a second end with a smaller diameter, and the through hole 1311 is disposed at the second end.

[0132] The guiding inclined surface 1312 is a conical surface, and the through hole 1311 is arranged at the second end with a smaller diameter so that the blocking member 133 has a tendency to block the through hole 1311 under the action of gravity, and is conducive to improving the consistency of the guiding inclined surface 1312 .

[0133] In some embodiments, the inclination angle of the guiding slope 1312 relative to the inner surface of the first wall 1201 is β, satisfying 5°≤β≤20°.

[0134] For example, the value of β may be 5°, 6°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 14°, 15°, 17°, 18°, 19°, 20°, etc. Since it is impossible to list all values ​​between 5° and 20°, several intermediate values ​​are listed here as examples. It can be understood that any value between these values ​​can be used as the inclination angle β of the inner surface of the first wall 1201.

[0135] 5°≤β, the inclination angle of the guide slope 1312 will not be too small, which can increase the component force of the gravity of the blocking member 133 along the guide slope, so that the blocking member 133 can move toward the through hole 1311 under the action of its own gravity to block the through hole 1311; β≤20°, the inclination angle of the guide slope 1312 will not be too large, so that a small force can be applied to the blocking member 133 to stabilize the blocking member 133 on the guide slope 1312. Therefore, 5°≤β≤20° can reduce the difficulty of controlling the blocking member 133 and improve the controllability of the exhaust assembly 13.

[0136] Fig.11 and Fig.12 Schematic diagrams of structures of the first wall 1201 and the insulating member 16 from different perspectives of other embodiments of the present application; Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the first wall 1201 and the insulating member 16 in some embodiments of the present application.

[0137] Reference Figures 11 to 13 In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 further includes an insulating member 16, which is disposed on the inner surface of the first wall 1201, and is provided with an escape hole 1611, through which the base 131 is passed. Optionally, the insulating member 16 is a lower plastic.

[0138] The material of the insulating member 16 includes but is not limited to plastic, rubber, etc. The shape of the insulating member 16 can be various, and the insulating member 16 can be configured to match the shape of the first wall 1201. For example, Fig.13 As shown, the insulating member 16 and the first wall 1201 are both configured in a rectangular shape.

[0139] The insulating member 16 can insulate the first wall 1201 from components inside the battery cell 10 , thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell 10 .

[0140] Fig.14 for Fig.12 Sectional view along BB; Fig.15 for Fig.14 Enlarged view of part B in the middle.

[0141] Reference Fig.14 and Fig.15 , and combined with reference Fig.13 In some embodiments, the insulating member 16 includes a body 161 and a spoiler 162, and the avoidance hole 1611 is provided in the body 161. The spoiler 162 includes a shielding portion 1623, a first connecting portion 1621, and a second connecting portion 1622. Along the thickness direction Z of the first wall 1201, the shielding portion 1623 is arranged opposite to the through hole 1311 and is arranged with a gap. One end of the shielding portion 1623 is connected to the body 161 through the first connecting portion 1621, and the other end of the shielding portion 1623 is connected to the body 161 through the second connecting portion 1622. The first connecting portion 1621, the shielding portion 1623, and the second connecting portion 1622 are sequentially connected to form a U shape, and a gap 163 is formed between the shielding portion 1623 and the body 161, and the base 131 is accommodated in the gap.

[0142] In some embodiments, the housing 12 includes a shell 121 and an end cover 122 . One end of the shell 121 is open, and the end cover 122 covers the opening. The first wall 1201 is the end cover 122 .

[0143] The embodiment of the present application further provides a battery 100 , and the battery 100 includes the battery cell 10 provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0144] An embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, which includes the battery cell 10 provided in any of the above embodiments or the battery 100 provided in any of the above embodiments, and the battery cell 10 or the battery 100 is used to supply power to the electrical device.

[0145] The embodiment of the present application further provides a battery cell 10 , which includes a shell 12 , which includes a casing 121 , an end cover 122 , and an exhaust assembly 13 . The casing 121 has an opening at one end, and the end cover 122 covers the opening.

[0146] The end cover 122 is provided with a liquid injection hole 12011, and the exhaust assembly 13 includes a base 131 and a blocking member 133. The exhaust assembly 13 includes a base 131 and a blocking member 133, the base 131 is provided on the inner surface of the first wall 1201 and defines a chamber 132 together with the inner surface of the first wall 1201, the blocking member 133 is accommodated in the chamber 132, the base 131 is provided with a through hole 1311 communicating with the chamber 132, the liquid injection hole 12011 is communicated with the chamber 132, and the liquid injection hole 12011 and the through hole 1311 are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 122. The aperture of the through hole 1311 is larger than the aperture of the liquid injection hole 12011. The base 131 is in a conical shape, and the inner surface of the base 131 includes a guide slope 1312, which is a conical surface. The conical surface has a first end with a larger diameter and a second end with a smaller diameter. The through hole 1311 is arranged at the second end, and the guide slope 1312 is configured to guide the blocking member 133 to move toward the through hole 1311. The inclination angle of the guide slope 1312 relative to the inner surface of the first wall 1201 is between 5° and 20°. The blocking member 133 is made of iron and is a sphere. The surface of the blocking member 133 is coated with a ceramic layer or a plastic layer.

[0147] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.

[0148] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that: include: A shell, wherein a first wall of the shell is provided with a liquid injection hole; An exhaust assembly, comprising a base and a blocking member, wherein the base is disposed on the inner surface of the first wall and defines a chamber together with the inner surface of the first wall, the blocking member is accommodated in the chamber, the base is provided with a through hole communicating with the chamber, and the injection hole is communicated with the chamber; Wherein, the blocking member includes a blocking state and a releasing state. In the blocking state, the blocking member is configured to block the through hole under the action of gravity. In the releasing state, the blocking member is configured to open the through hole.

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the blocking member is magnetic metal. In the released state, the blocking member is configured to open the through hole under the action of an external magnetic force.

3. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the blocking member is coated with an insulating layer.

4. The battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The insulating layer is made of ceramic or plastic.

5. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The blocking member is a sphere.

6. The battery cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the blocking member is φ1, and the diameter of the through hole is φ2, satisfying 3 / 5φ1≤φ2≤4 / 5φ1.

7. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The injection hole and the through hole are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the first wall.

8. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Along the thickness direction of the first wall, the projected area of ​​the through hole is larger than the projected area of ​​the injection hole.

9. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The inner surface of the base includes a guide slope, and the guide slope is configured to guide the blocking member to move toward the through hole.

10. The battery cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The guiding inclined surface is a conical surface having a first end with a larger diameter and a second end with a smaller diameter, and the through hole is arranged at the second end.

11. The battery cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the guiding slope relative to the inner surface of the first wall is β, which satisfies 5°≤β≤20°.

12. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The battery cell further comprises: The insulating member is arranged on the inner surface of the first wall, the insulating member is provided with an escape hole, and the base is penetrated through the escape hole.

13. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The housing comprises a shell and an end cover. One end of the shell is open, and the end cover covers the opening. The first wall is the end cover.

14. A battery, characterized in that: A battery cell comprising the battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. An electrical equipment, characterized in that: It comprises the battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 13 or the battery according to claim 14, wherein the battery cell or the battery is used to supply power to the electrical device.

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