Variable voltage type instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of teaching equipment, and discloses a variable-voltage instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument, which comprises a coil module used for generating an instantaneous magnetic field, and the coil module is connected with a charge and discharge control module used for controlling charge and discharge. The charging and discharging control module is connected with a boosting module used for charging the coil module and a microcontroller used for data processing and control, the microcontroller is connected with a speed measuring module, the coil module is connected with a display module used for data display, the display module is connected with the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is connected with the charging and discharging control module. The coil module is connected with a transparent tube body, and the speed measurement module is installed on the transparent tube body; the device can measure the instantaneous magnetic field according to the charging voltage, visually reflect the relationship between the instantaneous magnetic field intensity and the movement of the iron block, and is suitable for practical teaching design courses at different levels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of teaching equipment, in particular to a transformer-type instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument. Background Art

[0002] Because the Hall effect measuring instrument is expensive and very sensitive to the magnetic field amplitude and direction, it cannot let students feel the changes of the magnetic field more intuitively during teaching. In the university physics experiment courses established by many universities, the Hall effect instrument is generally only used to measure the constant magnetic field, and the measurement of the instantaneous magnetic field is ignored. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a transformer-type instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument which can measure the instantaneous magnetic field according to the charging voltage and intuitively respond to the relationship between the instantaneous magnetic field intensity and the movement of the iron block, and is suitable for practical teaching design courses of different levels.

[0004] The utility model is achieved in this way:

[0005] The transformer-type instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument comprises a coil module for generating an instantaneous magnetic field, the coil module is connected to a charge and discharge control module for controlling charge and discharge, the charge and discharge control module is connected to a boost module for charging the coil module, and a microcontroller for data processing and control, the microcontroller is connected to a speed measurement module, the coil module is connected to a display module for data display, the display module is connected to the microcontroller, the coil module is connected to a transparent tube body, and the speed measurement module is mounted on the transparent tube body.

[0006] Furthermore, the boost module includes a self-excited boost circuit whose input end is connected to an input power supply, an output end of the self-excited boost circuit is connected to a feedback control circuit and is connected to a charge and discharge control module, an input end of the feedback control circuit is connected to the output end of the self-excited boost circuit, and an output end of the feedback control circuit is connected to the input end of the self-excited boost circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the coil module includes an energy storage capacitor for storing electrical energy, the energy storage capacitor is connected to a coil for generating electromagnetic induction, the coil is connected in parallel with a diode for discharging the self-induced electromotive force generated by the coil, the anode of the diode is connected to a thyristor switch, the gate of the thyristor switch is connected to the charge and discharge control module, and the cathode of the thyristor switch is connected to one end of the electrical energy storage and is grounded.

[0008] Furthermore, the charge and discharge control module includes an isolation circuit whose input end is connected to the microcontroller, whose output end is connected to the coil module, whose input end is connected to a transistor, whose base is connected to the input end of the isolation circuit, whose collector is connected to the boost module, and whose emitter is connected to the ground.

[0009] Furthermore, the speed measurement module includes a first detection circuit and a second detection circuit, the output ends of the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit are respectively connected to the microcontroller, the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit are connected in parallel, and have the same circuit structure, the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit are installed on the transparent tube body at a certain distance, and the first detection circuit is arranged close to one end of the coil module.

[0010] Furthermore, the microcontroller is connected to a Bluetooth module for information interaction with a terminal.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0012] The iron block is placed in one end of the transparent tube body where the coil module is installed, and the device is powered on. The microcontroller controls the boost module through the charge and discharge control module to boost the input power supply to charge the coil module, and displays the real-time charging voltage data of the coil module through the display module. When the coil module is fully charged or the voltage value rises to a predetermined voltage value, the microcontroller controls the coil module to discharge through the charge and discharge control module. The instantaneous high-voltage discharge of the coil module generates an instantaneous magnetic field. Under the action of electromagnetic induction, the iron block is pushed to move in the transparent tube body. The speed measuring module detects the moving speed of the iron block, and feeds the signal back to the microcontroller for processing. The microcontroller transmits the processed data to the display module for display. The microcontroller is CH V32V307 series single-chip computer, students can calculate the instantaneous magnetic field strength generated by the coil module according to the charging voltage data displayed on the display module through the Biot-Savart law, change the charging voltage value, that is, change the instantaneous magnetic field strength, combined with the iron block movement data displayed on the display module, intuitively reflect the relationship between the instantaneous magnetic field strength and the movement of the iron block, can be combined with university physics and higher mathematics for detailed theoretical derivation, can also be explained using macroscopic physics in junior and senior high schools, suitable for practical teaching design courses of different levels; the utility model can measure the instantaneous magnetic field according to the charging voltage, and intuitively reflect the relationship between the instantaneous magnetic field strength and the movement of the iron block, suitable for practical teaching design courses of different levels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the implementation mode of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the implementation mode will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a circuit structure principle block diagram of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the boost module of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the coil module and the charge and discharge control module of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a circuit principle diagram of the speed measuring module of the utility model.

[0019] Figure numerals: coil module 1; charge and discharge control module 2; boost module 3; microcontroller 4; speed measurement module 5; display module 6; transparent tube 7; iron block 8; Bluetooth module 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the utility model. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model for which protection is sought, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the utility model. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0021] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2, a transformer-type instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument includes a coil module 1 for generating an instantaneous magnetic field, the coil module 1 is connected to a charge and discharge control module 2 for controlling charge and discharge, the charge and discharge control module 2 is connected to a boost module 3 for charging the coil module 1, and a microcontroller 4 for data processing and control, the microcontroller 4 is connected to a speed measurement module 5, the coil module 1 is connected to a display module 6 for data display, the display module 6 is connected to the microcontroller 4, the coil module 1 is connected to a transparent tube body 7, and the speed measurement module 5 is installed on the transparent tube body 7.

[0022] In actual application, the iron block 8 is placed in one end of the transparent tube body 7 where the coil module 1 is installed, and the device is powered on. The microcontroller 4 controls the boost module 3 through the charge and discharge control module 2 to boost the input power supply to charge the coil module 1, and at the same time displays the real-time charging voltage data of the coil module 1 through the display module 6. When the coil module 1 is fully charged or the voltage value rises to a predetermined voltage value, the microcontroller 4 controls the coil module 1 to discharge through the charge and discharge control module 2. The instantaneous high-voltage discharge of the coil module 1 generates an instantaneous magnetic field. Under the action of electromagnetic induction, the iron block 8 is pushed to move in the transparent tube body 7. The speed measuring module 5 detects the moving speed of the iron block 8, and feeds back the signal to the microcontroller 4 for processing. The microcontroller 4 transmits the processed data to the display module 6 displays, the microcontroller 4 is a CH32V307 series single-chip computer. Students can calculate the instantaneous magnetic field strength generated by the coil module 1 according to the charging voltage data displayed by the display module 6 through the Biot-Savart law, and change the charging voltage value, that is, change the instantaneous magnetic field strength. Combined with the movement data of the iron block 8 displayed by the display module 6, the relationship between the instantaneous magnetic field strength and the movement of the iron block 8 can be intuitively reflected. It can be combined with university physics and higher mathematics for detailed theoretical derivation, or it can be explained using macroscopic physics in junior and senior high schools, which is suitable for practical teaching design courses of different levels. The utility model can measure the instantaneous magnetic field according to the charging voltage, and intuitively reflect the relationship between the instantaneous magnetic field strength and the movement of the iron block, which is suitable for practical teaching design courses of different levels.

[0023] See also Figure 3 The boost module 3 includes a self-excited boost circuit whose input end is connected to the input power supply, the output end of the self-excited boost circuit is connected to a feedback control circuit and is connected to the charge and discharge control module 2, the input end of the feedback control circuit is connected to the output end of the self-excited boost circuit, and the output end of the feedback control circuit is connected to the input end of the self-excited boost circuit.

[0024] In this embodiment, one end of the inductor L1 of the self-excited boost circuit is connected to the input power supply, the VOUT end of the self-excited boost circuit is the output end, one end of the resistor R3 of the feedback control circuit is connected to the VOUT end of the self-excited boost circuit, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1 of the feedback control circuit is connected to one end of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 of the self-excited boost circuit. The self-excited boost circuit is used to boost the input power supply 12V to 45-390V, and charge the coil module 1 under the control of the charge and discharge control circuit.

[0025] Using an ordinary switching power supply to charge a large-capacity capacitor often results in serious heating and even damage to the power supply. This is because the output end of an ordinary switching power supply can be equivalent to a constant voltage source, while a large-capacity capacitor can be equivalent to a voltage source with a gradually changing voltage. In theory, two voltage sources with different voltages are directly connected together, and an infinite current will appear. Therefore, directly charging the capacitor with an ordinary switching power supply will force the power supply to output a large current, resulting in serious heating and even power supply damage. By using a feedback control circuit connected to the self-excited boost circuit to avoid excessive current, the switch tube of the self-excited boost circuit is less likely to work in an amplified state, and is also closer to zero voltage when switching. Therefore, the switching loss is relatively small and the efficiency is high. Therefore, compared with other self-excited circuits, the self-excited boost module 3 can achieve greater power under the same heat dissipation conditions.

[0026] See also Figure 4 The coil module 1 includes an energy storage capacitor for storing electrical energy, the energy storage capacitor is connected to a coil for generating electromagnetic induction, the coil is connected in parallel with a diode for discharging the self-induced electromotive force generated by the coil, the anode of the diode is connected to a thyristor switch, the gate of the thyristor switch is connected to the charge and discharge control module 2, and the cathode of the thyristor switch is connected to one end of the electrical energy storage and is grounded. In this embodiment, the microcontroller 4 controls the thyristor switch through the charge and discharge control module 2, so that the discharge circuit of the energy storage capacitor C13 is disconnected, and the boost module 3 is turned on to charge and store energy for the energy storage capacitor C13, and the real-time charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor is displayed through the display module 6. When the charging is completed or the voltage value rises to a predetermined voltage value, the microcontroller 4 controls the thyristor switch to be turned on through the charge and discharge control module 2, closes the discharge circuit of the energy storage capacitor C13, and turns off the boost module 3 to stop charging the energy storage capacitor C13. The energy storage capacitor C13 is discharged instantaneously with high voltage through the coil L3, and the coil L3 generates an instantaneous magnetic field. The transparent tube body 7 is inserted in the coil L3. Under the action of electromagnetic induction, the iron block 8 is pushed to move in the transparent tube body 7. The diode D9 is used to discharge the self-inductance electromotive force generated by the coil.

[0027] See also Figure 4The charge and discharge control module 2 includes an isolation circuit whose input end is connected to the microcontroller 4, whose output end is connected to the coil module 1, whose input end is connected to a transistor, whose base is connected to the input end of the isolation circuit, whose collector is connected to the boost module 3, and whose emitter is connected to the ground. In this embodiment, the isolation circuit includes an optocoupler chip J1, the model of which is PC817C, which is used to isolate the high voltage of the coil module 1. When the microcontroller 4 outputs a low level to the input end of the isolation circuit, the output end of the optocoupler chip is a low level, and the base of the transistor Q5 is also at a low level. When the transistor Q5 is cut off, the boost module 3 is turned on to charge the coil module 1 and disconnect the discharge circuit of the coil module 1; when the microcontroller 4 outputs a high level to the input end of the isolation circuit, the output end of the optocoupler chip is a high level, and the base of the transistor Q5 is also at a high level. When the transistor Q5 is turned on, the boost module 3 is turned off, stops charging the coil module 1, and turns on the discharge circuit of the coil module 1, so that the coil module 1 generates an instantaneous magnetic field to push the iron block 8 to move.

[0028] See also Figure 5The speed measurement module 5 includes a first detection circuit and a second detection circuit, the output ends of the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit are respectively connected to the microcontroller 4, the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit are connected in parallel, and have the same circuit structure, the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit are installed on the transparent tube body 7 at a certain distance, and the first detection circuit is arranged close to one end of the coil module 1. In this embodiment, the Sig A end and the Sig B end correspond to the output ends of the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit respectively, and are respectively connected to the microcontroller 4, corresponding to triggering and stopping timing respectively; the first detection circuit is arranged near one end of the coil module 1, and the light-emitting diode LED1 and the infrared receiving tube D1 of the first detection circuit are respectively arranged on both sides of the transparent tube body 7, and are arranged opposite to each other, forming a photoelectric pair tube in position, when there is no shielding, the infrared receiving tube D1 is irradiated by the strong light of the light-emitting diode LED1, the reverse leakage current of the infrared receiving tube D1 is large, and the Sig A end outputs a low level, and the adjustable resistor R42 is a precision adjustable resistor, which provides a reference voltage to the comparator U1A, and this reference voltage is higher than the output voltage of the Sig A end when there is no shielding, so that the comparator U1A just outputs a low level when there is no shielding; when the iron block 8 passes, the light received by the infrared receiving tube D1 is weakened, the reverse leakage current becomes smaller, and the voltage of the Sig A end increases. When it exceeds a certain amplitude of the reference voltage, the Sig A end changes from a low level to a high level. After the iron block 8 passes, the light received by the infrared receiving tube D1 is restored, and the Sig The A end returns to a low level, and the principle of the second detection circuit is the same as that of the first detection circuit. The photoelectric tubes of the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit respectively correspond to the time points when the iron block 8 passes through. The microcontroller 4 measures the time difference between the trigger signals of the Sig A end and the Sig B end, calculates the moving speed of the iron block 8, and transmits it to the display module 6 for display.

[0029] See also Figure 1 The microcontroller 4 is connected with a Bluetooth module 9 for information exchange with the terminal. In this embodiment, the model of the Bluetooth module 9 is HC-05. The Bluetooth module 9 is used for information exchange between the microcontroller 4 and the terminal, so as to facilitate the control of the teaching instrument through the terminal, display relevant data, and facilitate the user to operate and record and analyze data.

[0030] The above description is only the preferred implementation of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. Transformer instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument, characterized by: The invention comprises a coil module (1) for generating an instantaneous magnetic field, the coil module (1) being connected to a charge and discharge control module (2) for controlling charge and discharge, the charge and discharge control module (2) being connected to a boost module (3) for charging the coil module (1), and a microcontroller (4) for data processing and control, the microcontroller (4) being connected to a speed measurement module (5), the coil module (1) being connected to a display module (6) for data display, the display module (6) being connected to the microcontroller (4), the coil module (1) being connected to a transparent tube body (7), and the speed measurement module (5) being mounted on the transparent tube body (7).

2. The transformer-type instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The boost module (3) comprises a self-excited boost circuit whose input end is connected to an input power supply, the output end of the self-excited boost circuit is connected to a feedback control circuit and is connected to a charge and discharge control module (2), the input end of the feedback control circuit is connected to the output end of the self-excited boost circuit, and the output end of the feedback control circuit is connected to the input end of the self-excited boost circuit.

3. The transformer-type instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coil module (1) comprises an energy storage capacitor for storing electric energy, the energy storage capacitor is connected to a coil for generating electromagnetic induction, the coil is connected in parallel to a diode for discharging the self-induced electromotive force generated by the coil, the anode of the diode is connected to a thyristor switch, the gate of the thyristor switch is connected to the charge and discharge control module (2), and the cathode of the thyristor switch is connected to one end for storing electric energy and is grounded.

4. The transformer-type instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The charge and discharge control module (2) comprises an isolation circuit whose input end is connected to the microcontroller (4), whose output end is connected to the coil module (1), whose input end is connected to a transistor, whose base is connected to the input end of the isolation circuit, whose collector is connected to the boost module (3), and whose emitter is connected to the ground.

5. The transformer-type instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The speed measurement module (5) comprises a first detection circuit and a second detection circuit, the output ends of the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit are respectively connected to the microcontroller (4), the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit are connected in parallel and have the same circuit structure, the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit are installed on the transparent tube (7) at a certain distance, and the first detection circuit is arranged close to one end of the coil module (1).

6. The transformer-type instantaneous magnetic induction intensity display teaching instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microcontroller (4) is connected to a Bluetooth module (9) for performing information interaction with a terminal.

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