Linear motor and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of motors, in particular to a linear motor and a machine tool, which comprise a fixed assembly, a movable assembly, a primary assembly and a secondary assembly, a first magnetic matching piece and a second magnetic matching piece are arranged on the primary assembly, and a third magnetic matching piece and a fourth magnetic matching piece are arranged on the secondary assembly. The first magnetic matching piece and the third magnetic matching piece form a first magnetic matching set, the second magnetic matching piece and the fourth magnetic matching piece form a second magnetic matching set, and the vertical component force of the first magnetic matching set and the vertical component force of the second magnetic matching set are configured to be opposite in direction. The vertical magnetic force of the first magnetic fitting piece and the vertical magnetic force of the third magnetic fitting piece are offset, the vertical magnetic force of the second magnetic fitting piece and the vertical magnetic force of the fourth magnetic fitting piece are offset, and the situation that the vertical magnetic force between the magnetic fitting pieces directly acts on the workbench and influences the precision of the workbench is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of motor structures, in particular to a linear motor and a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional motors, linear motors have the advantages of higher speed, energy saving and low noise. Their higher cost makes them more suitable for high-end machine tools with large budgets. However, high-end machine tools have higher standards for precision, so it is essential to choose a linear motor installation method suitable for the machine tool.

[0003] The existing installation method of linear motors has problems with magnetic attraction. When the linear motor is running, the vertical magnetic force between the coil and the magnetic plate directly acts on the workbench, which may affect the accuracy. Figure 1 , the magnet 200 may generate a vertical upward force on the workbench 100 , causing the workbench 100 to be affected.

[0004] Based on the above, the prior art still has deficiencies and needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a symmetrical linear motor and machine tool, by arranging magnetic coils on the upper and lower sides of the magnet mounting block, so that the forces acting on the workbench in the vertical direction of the coils and the magnetic suction plate offset each other, thereby avoiding the influence of the magnetic force on the flatness of the workbench, so as to meet the precision requirements of high-end machine tools.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A linear motor comprises a fixed component, a movable component, a primary component and a secondary component, wherein the fixed component comprises a base and a first track member arranged on the base;

[0008] The movable component includes a saddle and a second track member, the saddle is arranged on the second track member, and the second track member is slidably arranged on the first track member;

[0009] The primary component is arranged on the base and is located below the saddle; a first magnetic matching component and a second magnetic matching component are distributed on the primary component;

[0010] The secondary component is arranged on one side of the saddle close to the base, and a third magnetic matching component and a fourth magnetic matching component are distributed on the secondary component. The first magnetic matching component and the third magnetic matching component form a first magnetic matching group, and the second magnetic matching component and the fourth magnetic matching component form a second magnetic matching group. The matching travel component force of the first magnetic matching group in the horizontal direction and the matching travel component force of the second magnetic matching group in the horizontal direction are configured to have the same direction, and the vertical component force of the first magnetic matching group and the vertical component force of the second magnetic matching group are configured to have opposite directions.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first magnetic matching member includes a first magnetic coil and a second magnetic coil, the second magnetic matching member includes a third magnetic coil and a fourth magnetic coil, the first magnetic coil and the third magnetic coil are arranged vertically in the first track member to form a first spacing structure, and the second magnetic coil and the fourth magnetic coil are arranged vertically in the first track member to form a second spacing structure;

[0012] The third magnetic matching component includes a first magnet and a second magnet located on one side of the secondary component, and the fourth magnetic matching component includes a third magnet and a fourth magnet located on the other side of the secondary component;

[0013] The first magnet and the third magnet are placed in the first spacing structure, and the first magnet is arranged opposite to the first magnetic coil, and the third magnet is arranged opposite to the third magnetic coil; the second magnet and the fourth magnet are located in the second spacing structure, and the second magnet is arranged opposite to the second magnetic coil, and the fourth magnet is arranged opposite to the fourth magnetic coil.

[0014] In one embodiment, the primary assembly further includes a coil fixing structure, the coil fixing structure including a first coil fixing structure and a second coil fixing structure symmetrically arranged about the center line of the saddle;

[0015] The first coil fixing structure includes a vertically arranged first plate and a second plate and a third plate spaced apart and perpendicular to the first plate, the first magnetic coil is arranged on the second plate, and the third magnetic coil is arranged on the third plate;

[0016] The second coil fixing structure includes a fifth plate arranged vertically and a sixth plate and a seventh plate spaced apart and perpendicular to the fifth plate. The second magnetic coil is arranged on the sixth plate, and the fourth magnetic coil is arranged on the seventh plate.

[0017] In one embodiment, the coil fixing structure is an "F"-shaped structure.

[0018] In one embodiment, the secondary component includes a magnet mounting portion, the first magnet and the second magnet are arranged on both sides of one side of the magnet mounting portion, and the third magnet and the fourth magnet are arranged on both sides of the other side of the magnet mounting portion; the side of the magnet mounting portion on which the first magnet and the third magnet are arranged is placed between the second plate and the third plate, and the side of the magnet mounting portion on which the second magnet and the fourth magnet are arranged is placed between the sixth plate and the seventh plate.

[0019] In one embodiment, the magnet mounting portion includes a first mounting plate arranged horizontally and a first support plate arranged vertically on the first mounting plate, the first magnet and the second magnet are arranged symmetrically with the first support plate as the center line, and the third magnet and the fourth magnet are arranged symmetrically with the first support plate as the center line; the first support plate is connected to the saddle.

[0020] In one embodiment, the first magnetic matching component and the second magnetic matching component are symmetrically arranged with the first mounting plate as the axis, and the third magnetic matching component and the fourth magnetic matching component are symmetrically arranged with the first mounting plate as the axis.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first coil fixing structure further includes a fourth plate, and the second coil fixing structure further includes an eighth plate. The fourth plate is disposed on one side of the first plate and is spaced apart from the third plate. The eighth plate is disposed on one side of the fifth plate and is spaced apart from the seventh plate. The third plate and the fourth plate are correspondingly provided with a fifth magnetic coil and a seventh magnetic coil on opposite sides thereof, and the seventh plate and the eighth plate are correspondingly provided with a sixth magnetic coil and an eighth magnetic coil on opposite sides thereof.

[0022] The magnet mounting portion further includes a second mounting plate arranged horizontally and a second supporting plate arranged vertically on the second mounting plate, wherein a side of the second supporting plate away from the second mounting plate is connected to the first mounting plate; a fifth magnet and a sixth magnet are arranged on both sides of one side of the second mounting plate, and a seventh magnet and an eighth magnet are arranged on both sides of the other side of the second mounting plate;

[0023] The fifth magnet and the sixth magnet are symmetrically arranged with the second support plate as the midline, and the seventh magnet and the eighth magnet are symmetrically arranged with the second support plate as the midline; one side of the second mounting plate is placed between the third plate and the fourth plate, and the other side of the second mounting plate is placed between the seventh plate and the eighth plate, so that the fifth magnet is arranged opposite to the fifth magnetic coil, the sixth magnet is arranged opposite to the sixth magnetic coil, the seventh magnet is arranged opposite to the seventh magnetic coil, and the eighth magnet is arranged opposite to the eighth magnetic coil.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first magnetic coil, the second magnetic coil, the third magnetic coil, the fourth magnetic coil, the fifth magnetic coil, the sixth magnetic coil, the seventh magnetic coil, and the eighth magnetic coil are all arranged in a Halbach array.

[0025] A machine tool comprises a machine tool body and any one of the above-mentioned linear motors, wherein the linear motor is connected to the machine tool body.

[0026] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that: the first magnetic fitting part and the second magnetic fitting part are arranged on the primary component, and the third magnetic fitting part and the fourth magnetic fitting part are arranged on the secondary component, the first magnetic fitting part and the third magnetic fitting part form a first magnetic fitting group, and the second magnetic fitting part and the fourth magnetic fitting part form a second magnetic fitting group, so that the fitting travel component force of the first magnetic fitting group in the horizontal direction and the fitting travel component force of the second magnetic fitting group in the horizontal direction are configured to be in the same direction, and the vertical component force of the first magnetic fitting group and the vertical component force of the second magnetic fitting group are configured to be in opposite directions, thereby making the vertical magnetic forces of the first magnetic fitting part and the third magnetic fitting part cancel each other out, and the vertical magnetic forces of the second magnetic fitting part and the fourth magnetic fitting part cancel each other out, thereby avoiding the magnetic forces between the magnetic fitting parts in the vertical direction directly acting on the workbench and affecting the accuracy of the workbench. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the prior art;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model linear motor;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coil fixing structure of the F-shaped structure of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of the coil fixing structure of the F-shaped structure of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coil fixing structure of the E-shaped structure of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 This is another schematic diagram of the coil fixing structure of the E-shaped structure of the utility model.

[0034] The accompanying drawings are denoted as follows:

[0035] 10-fixing assembly, 11-base, 12-first track member;

[0036] 20-movable assembly, 21-saddle, 22-second track member;

[0037] 30-primary component; 31-first magnetic matching part, 311-first magnetic coil, 312-second magnetic coil; 32-second magnetic matching part, 321-third magnetic coil, 322-fourth magnetic coil; 33-coil fixing structure, 331-first coil fixing structure, 3311-first plate, 3312-second plate, 3313-third plate, 3314-fourth plate, 332-second coil fixing structure, 3321-fifth plate, 3322-sixth plate, 3323-seventh plate, 3324-eighth plate, 333-magnet slot 333; 34-fifth magnetic coil, 35-sixth magnetic coil, 36-seventh magnetic coil, 37-eighth magnetic coil;

[0038] 40-secondary component; 41-third magnetic matching piece, 411-first magnet, 412-second magnet; 42-fourth magnetic matching piece, 421-third magnet, 422-fourth magnet; 43-magnet mounting portion, 431-first mounting plate, 432-first support plate, 433-second mounting plate, 434-second support plate; 44-fifth magnet, 45-sixth magnet, 46-seventh magnet, 47-eighth magnet;

[0039] 50-Workbench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0041] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3A linear motor according to an embodiment of the utility model comprises: a fixed component 10, a movable component 20, a primary component 30 and a secondary component 40. The fixed component 10 comprises a base 11 and a first track member 12 arranged on the base 11. The movable component 20 comprises a saddle 21 and a second track member 22. The saddle 21 is arranged on the second track member 22, and the second track member 22 is slidably arranged on the first track member 12. The primary component 30 is arranged on the base 11 and is located below the saddle 21; a first magnetic matching member 31 and a second magnetic matching member 32 are distributed on the primary component 30. The secondary component 40 is arranged on the side of the saddle 21 close to the base 11, and is placed between the first magnetic matching component 31 and the second magnetic matching component 32; the third magnetic matching component 41 and the fourth magnetic matching component 42 are distributed on the secondary component 40, the first magnetic matching component 31 and the third magnetic matching component 41 form a first magnetic matching group, the second magnetic matching component 32 and the fourth magnetic matching component 42 form a second magnetic matching group, the matching travel component of the first magnetic matching group in the horizontal direction and the matching travel component of the second magnetic matching group in the horizontal direction are configured to be in the same direction, and the vertical component of the first magnetic matching group and the vertical component of the second magnetic matching group are configured to be in opposite directions.

[0042] In the utility model, a first magnetic matching component 31 and a second magnetic matching component 32 are arranged on the primary component 30, and a third magnetic matching component 41 and a fourth magnetic matching component 42 are arranged on the secondary component 40. The first magnetic matching component 31 and the third magnetic matching component 41 form a first magnetic matching group, and the second magnetic matching component 32 and the fourth magnetic matching component 42 form a second magnetic matching group, so that the matching travel component force of the first magnetic matching group in the horizontal direction and the matching travel component force of the second magnetic matching group in the horizontal direction are configured to be in the same direction, and the vertical component force of the first magnetic matching group and the vertical component force of the second magnetic matching group are configured to be in opposite directions, thereby making the vertical magnetic forces of the first magnetic matching component 31 and the third magnetic matching component 41 offset each other, and the vertical magnetic forces of the second magnetic matching component 32 and the fourth magnetic matching component 42 offset each other, thereby avoiding the magnetic force between the magnetic matching components in the vertical direction directly acting on the workbench 50, thereby affecting the accuracy of the workbench 50.

[0043] Specifically, the first magnetic matching component 31 and the second magnetic matching component 32 can be magnetic coils, and the third magnetic matching component 41 and the fourth magnetic matching component 42 can be magnets, such as permanent magnets. The saddle 21 has an n-shaped structure and is slidably arranged on the first track member 12. The side of the saddle 21 away from its n-shaped opening is used to carry the workbench 50. The primary component 30 and the secondary component 40 are both arranged on one side of the n-shaped opening of the n-shaped structure of the saddle 21, and the first magnetic matching component 31 and the second magnetic matching component 32 are arranged on the primary component 30 at intervals from top to bottom. The third magnetic fitting component 41 and the fourth magnetic fitting component 42 are correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the secondary component 40, and the secondary component 40 is placed in the interval between the first magnetic fitting component 31 and the second magnetic fitting component 32, so that the first magnetic fitting component 31 and the third magnetic fitting component 41 are relatively arranged to form a first magnetic fitting group, and the second magnetic fitting component 32 and the fourth magnetic fitting component 42 are relatively arranged to form a second magnetic fitting group. This arrangement of magnetic fitting components makes the magnetic forces of the first magnetic fitting component 31 and the third magnetic fitting component 41 in the vertical direction cancel each other out, and the magnetic forces of the second magnetic fitting component 32 and the fourth magnetic fitting component 42 in the vertical direction cancel each other out, thereby avoiding the magnetic force of the magnetic fitting component with magnetic force in the vertical direction acting on the workbench 50, affecting the accuracy of the workbench 50, such as avoiding the magnetic force affecting the flatness of the workbench 50.

[0044] In one embodiment, reference Figures 2 to 3 The first magnetic matching component 31 includes a first magnetic coil 311 and a second magnetic coil 312, and the second magnetic matching component 32 includes a third magnetic coil 321 and a fourth magnetic coil 322. The first magnetic coil 311 and the third magnetic coil 321 are arranged vertically in the first track component 12 to form a first spacing structure, and the second magnetic coil 312 and the fourth magnetic coil 322 are arranged vertically in the first track component 12 to form a second spacing structure. The third magnetic matching component 41 includes a first magnet 411 and a second magnet 412 located on one side of the secondary component 40, and the fourth magnetic matching component 42 includes a third magnet 421 and a fourth magnet 422 located on the other side of the secondary component 40. The first magnet 411 and the third magnet 421 are disposed in the first spacing structure, and the first magnet 411 is arranged opposite to the first magnetic coil 311, and the third magnet 421 is opposite to the third magnetic coil 321; the second magnet 412 and the fourth magnet 422 are located in the second spacing structure, and the second magnet 412 is opposite to the second magnetic coil 312, and the fourth magnet 422 is opposite to the fourth magnetic coil 322. The magnetic force of the magnetic coil and the magnet is offset, so that the magnetic force of the magnetic coil or the magnet in the vertical direction is prevented from directly acting on the workbench 50, thereby affecting the accuracy of the workbench 50.

[0045] In one embodiment, reference Figures 2 to 4The primary component 30 further includes a coil fixing structure 33, which includes a first coil fixing structure 331 and a second coil fixing structure 332 which are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the saddle 21. The first coil fixing structure 331 includes a first plate 3311, a second plate 3312 and a third plate 3313, the first plate 3311 is vertically arranged, the second plate 3312 and the third plate 3313 are spaced apart and perpendicular to one side of the first plate 3311, the first magnetic coil 311 is arranged on the second plate 3312, the third magnetic coil 321 is arranged on the third plate 3313, and the first magnetic coil 311 and the second magnetic coil 312 are both located in the interval space formed by the second plate 3312 and the third plate 3313. The second coil fixing structure 332 includes a vertically arranged fifth plate 3321 and a sixth plate 3322 and a seventh plate 3323 which are spaced apart and perpendicular to the fifth plate 3321. The second magnetic coil 312 is arranged on the sixth plate 3322, and the fourth magnetic coil 322 is arranged on the seventh plate 3323. The second magnetic coil 312 and the fourth magnetic coil 322 are both located in the interval space formed by the sixth plate 3322 and the seventh plate 3323.

[0046] In one embodiment, reference Figures 2 to 3 , the coil fixing structure 33 is in an "F" shape. Specifically, a second plate 3312 and a third plate 3313 perpendicular to the first plate 3311 are arranged on one side of the first plate 3311, so that the coil fixing structure 33 forms a magnet slot 333 with three openings, and a magnetic coil structure is arranged in the magnet slot 333. The first plate 3311 is extended on one side away from the third plate 3313, so that the coil fixing structure 33 is in an "F" shape, and the extended part of the first plate 3311 can be used as a support part of the coil fixing structure 33.

[0047] In one embodiment, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The secondary component 40 includes a magnet mounting portion 43, a first magnet 411 and a second magnet 412 are arranged on both sides of one side of the magnet mounting portion 43, and a third magnet 421 and a fourth magnet 422 are arranged on both sides of the other side of the magnet mounting portion 43. After being arranged in this manner, the first magnet 411 and the third magnet 421 are correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of one side of the secondary component 40, and the second magnet 412 and the fourth magnet 422 are correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the other side of the secondary component 40. The side of the magnet mounting part 43 on which the first magnet 411 and the third magnet 421 are arranged is placed between the second plate 3312 and the third plate 3313, and the side of the magnet mounting part 43 on which the second magnet 412 and the fourth magnet 422 are arranged is placed between the sixth plate 3322 and the seventh plate 3323, so that the first magnetic coil 311 is arranged opposite to the first magnet 411, the second magnetic coil 312 is arranged opposite to the second magnet 412, the third magnetic coil 321 is arranged opposite to the third magnet 421, the fourth magnetic coil 322 is arranged opposite to the fourth magnet 422, and the magnetic forces between the relative magnetic coils and magnets cancel each other out, thereby avoiding the influence of the magnetic forces of the magnetic coils or magnets in the vertical direction on the workbench 50.

[0048] Specifically, the workbench 50 is located on the saddle 21, and both ends of the saddle 21 are installed on the first rail member 12. The magnet mounting portion 43 at the middle bottom of the saddle 21 is equipped with a Halbach array magnet. In addition, a magnetic coil is arranged on the coil fixing structure 33 below the saddle 212. By controlling the current on the magnetic coil, the size and direction of the magnetic field are changed to realize the movement control of the workbench 50 by the linear motor. Because the magnetic force is oblique, in addition to the traction force that can be decomposed into the movement direction of the workbench 50, there is also a component force in the vertical direction. The magnetic force in this direction may affect the flatness of the workbench 50, so a symmetrical linear installation method is adopted to offset the force in the vertical direction.

[0049] In one embodiment, reference Figures 2 to 3 The magnet mounting portion 43 includes a first mounting plate 431 which is horizontally arranged and a first supporting plate 432 which is vertically arranged on the first mounting plate 431. The first mounting plate 431 and the first supporting plate 432 are in an inverted "T" shape. The first magnet 411 and the second magnet 412 are symmetrically arranged with the first supporting plate 432 as the center line. The third magnet 421 and the fourth magnet 422 are symmetrically arranged with the first supporting plate 432 as the center line. The first supporting plate 432 is connected to the saddle 21. At this time, the first supporting plate 432 pulls the first mounting plate 431 into suspension. In this way, the magnet mounting portion 43 can move relative to the base 11 together with the saddle 21.

[0050] In order to further make the workbench 50 evenly stressed and facilitate the arrangement of the coil fixing structure 33, the first support plate 432 is arranged at the midline position of the n-shaped structure of the saddle 21. The first coil fixing structure 331 and the second coil fixing structure 332 are symmetrically arranged with the first support plate 432 as the midline, and the two sides of the first mounting plate 431 are respectively inserted into the coil fixing structure 33, one side of the first mounting plate 431 is inserted into the spacing space between the second plate 3312 and the third plate 3313, and the other side of the first mounting plate 431 is inserted into the spacing space between the sixth plate 3322 and the seventh plate 3323. Therefore, the first magnet 411 and the second magnet 412 are symmetrically arranged with the first mounting plate 431, and the third magnet 421 and the fourth magnet 422 are symmetrically arranged with the first mounting plate 431.

[0051] The first magnet 411, the second magnet 412, the third magnet 421 and the fourth magnet 422 are arranged on the first mounting plate 431 in a Halbach array. The magnets are arranged in a Halbach array. The Halbach magnet structure is an approximation of an ideal structure in engineering, and the goal is to use the least amount of magnets to generate the strongest magnetic field. The use of the Halbach array magnet greatly strengthens the magnetic field on one side and weakens the magnetic field on the other side, thereby making fuller use of the magnetic field to provide traction, effectively improving energy utilization and reducing energy consumption.

[0052] The magnetic coil is powered by a frequency converter, and the moving speed of the workbench 50 is proportional to the frequency of the current supplied to the magnetic coil, and the magnitude of its thrust is proportional to the amplitude of the current, thereby realizing the control of the workbench 50 by the linear motor.

[0053] In one embodiment, reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 The first coil fixing structure 331 further includes a fourth plate 3314, and the second coil fixing structure 332 further includes an eighth plate 3324. The fourth plate 3314 is disposed on one side of the first plate 3311 and is spaced apart from the third plate 3313. The eighth plate 3324 is disposed on one side of the fifth plate 3321 and is spaced apart from the seventh plate 3323, so that the coil fixing structure 33 is in an "E" shape. The fifth magnetic coil 34 and the seventh magnetic coil 36 are disposed on the opposite sides of the third plate 3313 and the fourth plate 3314, and the sixth magnetic coil 35 and the eighth magnetic coil 37 are disposed on the opposite sides of the seventh plate 3323 and the eighth plate 3324.

[0054] The magnet mounting portion 43 further includes a second mounting plate 433 arranged horizontally and a second supporting plate 434 arranged vertically on the second mounting plate 433, and the second mounting plate 433 and the second supporting plate 434 are in an inverted "T" shape. The second supporting plate 434 is connected to the first mounting plate 431 at one side away from the second mounting plate 433; the fifth magnet 44 and the sixth magnet 45 are arranged on both sides of one side of the second mounting plate 433, and the seventh magnet 46 and the eighth magnet 47 are arranged on both sides of the other side of the second mounting plate 433; the fifth magnet 44 and the sixth magnet 45 are arranged symmetrically with the second supporting plate 434 as the midline, and the seventh magnet 46 and the eighth magnet 47 are arranged symmetrically with the second supporting plate 434 as the midline, and the fifth magnet 44, the sixth magnet 45, the seventh magnet 46 and the eighth magnet 47 are arranged in a Halbach array. One side of the second mounting plate 433 is placed between the third plate 3313 and the fourth plate 3314, and the other side of the second mounting plate 433 is placed between the seventh plate 3323 and the eighth plate 3324, so that the fifth magnet 44 is opposite to the fifth magnetic coil 34, the sixth magnet 45 is opposite to the sixth magnetic coil 35, the seventh magnet 46 is opposite to the seventh magnetic coil 36, and the eighth magnet 47 is opposite to the eighth magnetic coil 37.

[0055] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the orthographic projection direction of the coil fixing structure 33 (here Figure 5 The first coil fixing structure 331 includes two magnet slots 333 arranged in an upper and lower position. The second coil fixing structure 332 includes two magnet slots 333 arranged in an upper and lower position. The magnet mounting portion 43 is provided in two parts, including a first mounting plate 431, a first support plate 432, a second mounting plate 433 and a second support plate 434, forming two inverted "T"-shaped structures. The two ends of the first mounting plate 431 are correspondingly placed in the magnet slots 333 at the upper end of the first coil fixing structure 331 and the second coil fixing structure 332, and the two ends of the second mounting plate 433 are correspondingly placed in the magnet slots 333 at the lower end of the first coil fixing structure 331 and the second coil fixing structure 332.

[0056] The double magnet slots 39 move the center of gravity of the coil fixing structure 33 downward, so that it is more stable when moving by magnetic force. Compared with the basic solution, this solution adopts a double-layer magnetic force balance structure. When the magnetic force balance structure of one layer has poor movement stability (such as shaking) due to uneven magnetic force distribution, the balance structure of the other layer can exert a certain degree of inhibition to ensure the stability of the fixed part when it moves relative to the moving part.

[0057] In another embodiment, the utility model provides a machine tool, including a machine tool body and any one of the above-mentioned linear motors, the linear motor is connected to the machine tool body, and the parts to be processed of the machine tool are placed on a workbench 50 for processing.

[0058] refer to Figures 2 to 4 , the utility model is described in detail with a specific implementation method below:

[0059] The utility model includes a base 11, a first rail member 12, a second rail member 22, a saddle 21, a coil fixing structure 33 and a magnet mounting portion 43. The first rail member 12 is two parallel guide rails and is arranged on the base 11. The second rail member 22 is movably arranged on the first rail member 12, and the saddle 21 is arranged on the second rail member 22. The saddle 21 is an n-shaped structure and is slidably arranged on the first rail member 12. The coil fixing structure 33 is located below the saddle 21, and the magnet mounting portion 43 is located below the saddle 21 and is connected to the saddle 21. The coil fixing structure 33 is set in two, including a first coil fixing structure 331 and a second coil fixing structure 332 symmetrical with the center line of the saddle 21, and the first coil fixing structure 331 and the second coil fixing structure 332 are the same. The magnet mounting portion 43 includes a first mounting plate 431 and a first supporting plate 432. The first mounting plate 431 is parallel to the top surface of the n-shaped structure of the saddle 21 and is arranged at intervals. The first magnet 411 and the second magnet 412 are arranged along the edge of the upper end surface of the first mounting plate 431, and the third magnet 421 and the fourth magnet 422 are arranged along the edge of the lower end surface of the first mounting plate 431. The first magnet 411, the second magnet 412, the third magnet 421 and the fourth magnet 422 are all arranged along the length direction of the first track member 12. The first magnetic coil 311, the second magnetic coil 312, the third magnetic coil 321, and the fourth magnetic coil 322 are all arranged on the coil fixing structure 33 in a Halbach array. The side of the saddle 21 away from the n-shaped opening is used to set the workbench 50.

[0060] The first coil fixing structure 331 includes a first plate 3311, a second plate 3312 and a third plate 3313. The first plate 3311 is vertically arranged, and the second plate 3312 and the third plate 3313 are vertically and spaced apart on one side of the first plate 3311, so that a magnet slot 333 with three openings is formed between the second plate 3312 and the third plate 3313. The orthographic projection of the first coil fixing structure 331 is an "F"-shaped structure. The second coil fixing structure 332 has the same structure as the first coil fixing structure 331 and is symmetrically arranged. The first magnetic coil 311 and the third magnetic coil 321 are correspondingly arranged on the opposite sides of the second plate 3312 and the third plate 3313. The first magnetic coil 311 and the third magnetic coil 321 are symmetrically arranged about the horizontal midline of the magnet slot 333. One side of the first mounting plate 431 is placed in the magnet slot 333 of the first coil fixing structure 331, and the other side of the first mounting plate 431 is placed in the magnet slot 333 of the second coil fixing structure 332, so that the first magnetic coil 311 is arranged opposite to the first magnet 411, the second magnetic coil 312 is arranged opposite to the second magnet 412, the third magnetic coil 321 is arranged opposite to the third magnet 421, and the fourth magnetic coil 322 is arranged opposite to the fourth magnet 422.

[0061] The utility model has at least the following advantages:

[0062] 1. The present application provides a symmetrical linear motor installation method, which uses a magnetic coil to be symmetrical up and down with the first mounting plate 4314 as the midline, so that the forces acting on the workbench 50 in the vertical direction of the suction force cancel each other out, and only retain the traction force of the workbench 50 along the movement direction of the first rail member 12. The magnetic force is prevented from affecting the flatness of the workbench 50, so as to meet the precision requirements of high-end machine tools.

[0063] 2. The maintenance cost of the machine is reduced accordingly. Since ball screws and gears are not required, the structure is more compact and occupies less space.

[0064] 3. Halbach array magnets are used to make fuller use of the magnetic field to provide traction, effectively improving energy utilization and reducing energy consumption.

[0065] The above are only preferred implementations of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A linear motor, comprising a fixed component (10), a movable component (20), a primary component (30) and a secondary component (40), characterized in that: The fixing assembly (10) comprises a base (11) and a first track member (12) arranged on the base (11); The movable component (20) comprises a saddle (21) and a second track member (22), wherein the saddle (21) is arranged on the second track member (22), and the second track member (22) is slidably arranged on the first track member (12); The primary component (30) is arranged on the base (11) and is located below the saddle (21); a first magnetic matching component (31) and a second magnetic matching component (32) are distributed on the primary component (30); The secondary component (40) is arranged on a side of the saddle (21) close to the base (11), and a third magnetic matching component (41) and a fourth magnetic matching component (42) are distributed on the secondary component (40). The first magnetic matching component (31) and the third magnetic matching component (41) form a first magnetic matching group, and the second magnetic matching component (32) and the fourth magnetic matching component (42) form a second magnetic matching group. The matching travel component of the first magnetic matching group in the horizontal direction and the matching travel component of the second magnetic matching group in the horizontal direction are configured to have the same direction, and the vertical component of the first magnetic matching group and the vertical component of the second magnetic matching group are configured to have opposite directions.

2. The linear motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first magnetic matching component (31) comprises a first magnetic coil (311) and a second magnetic coil (312), and the second magnetic matching component (32) comprises a third magnetic coil (321) and a fourth magnetic coil (322), the first magnetic coil (311) and the third magnetic coil (321) are arranged vertically in the first track component (12) to form a first spacing structure, and the second magnetic coil (312) and the fourth magnetic coil (322) are arranged vertically in the first track component (12) to form a second spacing structure; The third magnetic matching component (41) comprises a first magnet (411) and a second magnet (412) located on one side of the secondary component (40), and the fourth magnetic matching component (42) comprises a third magnet (421) and a fourth magnet (422) located on the other side of the secondary component (40); The first magnet (411) and the third magnet (421) are placed in the first spacing structure, and the first magnet (411) is arranged opposite to the first magnetic coil (311), and the third magnet (421) is arranged opposite to the third magnetic coil (321); the second magnet (412) and the fourth magnet (422) are located in the second spacing structure, and the second magnet (412) is arranged opposite to the second magnetic coil (312), and the fourth magnet (422) is arranged opposite to the fourth magnetic coil (322).

3. The linear motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The primary component (30) further includes a coil fixing structure (33), wherein the coil fixing structure (33) includes a first coil fixing structure (331) and a second coil fixing structure (332) which are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the saddle (21); The first coil fixing structure (331) comprises a first plate (3311) arranged vertically, and a second plate (3312) and a third plate (3313) spaced apart and perpendicular to the first plate (3311); the first magnetic coil (311) is arranged on the second plate (3312), and the third magnetic coil (321) is arranged on the third plate (3313); The second coil fixing structure (332) includes a fifth plate (3321) arranged vertically and a sixth plate (3322) and a seventh plate (3323) spaced apart and perpendicular to the fifth plate (3321); the second magnetic coil (312) is arranged on the sixth plate (3322), and the fourth magnetic coil (322) is arranged on the seventh plate (3323).

4. The linear motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coil fixing structure (33) is an "F"-shaped structure.

5. The linear motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary component (40) comprises a magnet mounting portion (43), a first magnet (411) and a second magnet (412) are arranged on both sides of one side of the magnet mounting portion (43), and a third magnet (421) and a fourth magnet (422) are arranged on both sides of the other side of the magnet mounting portion (43); a side of the magnet mounting portion (43) on which the first magnet (411) and the third magnet (421) are arranged is placed between the second plate (3312) and the third plate (3313), and a side of the magnet mounting portion (43) on which the second magnet (412) and the fourth magnet (422) are arranged is placed between the sixth plate (3322) and the seventh plate (3323).

6. The linear motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The magnet mounting portion (43) comprises a first mounting plate (431) arranged horizontally and a first supporting plate (432) arranged vertically on the first mounting plate (431); the first magnet (411) and the second magnet (412) are arranged symmetrically with the first supporting plate (432) as the midline; the third magnet (421) and the fourth magnet (422) are arranged symmetrically with the first supporting plate (432) as the midline; and the first supporting plate (432) is connected to the saddle (21).

7. The linear motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first magnetic matching component (31) and the second magnetic matching component (32) are symmetrically arranged with the first mounting plate (431) as the axis, and the third magnetic matching component (41) and the fourth magnetic matching component (42) are symmetrically arranged with the first mounting plate (431) as the axis.

8. The linear motor according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The first coil fixing structure (331) further includes a fourth plate (3314), and the second coil fixing structure (332) 2 further includes an eighth plate (3324). The fourth plate (3314) is arranged on one side of the first plate (3311) and is spaced apart from the third plate (3313). The eighth plate (3324) is arranged on one side of the fifth plate (3321) and is spaced apart from the seventh plate (3323). The third plate (3313) and the fourth plate (3314) are provided with a fifth magnetic coil (34) and a seventh magnetic coil (36) on opposite sides thereof, and the seventh plate (3323) and the eighth plate (3324) are provided with a sixth magnetic coil (35) and an eighth magnetic coil (37) on opposite sides thereof. The magnet mounting portion further comprises a second mounting plate (433) arranged horizontally and a second support plate (434) arranged vertically on the second mounting plate (433); a side of the second support plate (434) away from the second mounting plate (433) is connected to the first mounting plate (431); a fifth magnet (44) and a sixth magnet (45) are arranged on both sides of one side of the second mounting plate (433); a seventh magnet (46) and an eighth magnet (47) are arranged on both sides of the other side of the second mounting plate (433); The fifth magnet (44) and the sixth magnet (45) are symmetrically arranged with the second support plate (434) as the midline, and the seventh magnet (46) and the eighth magnet (47) are symmetrically arranged with the second support plate (434) as the midline; one side of the second mounting plate (433) is placed between the third plate (3313) and the fourth plate (3314), and the other side of the second mounting plate (433) is placed between the seventh plate (3323) and the eighth plate (3324), so that the fifth magnet (44) and the fifth magnetic coil (34) are arranged opposite to each other, the sixth magnet (45) and the sixth magnetic coil (35) are arranged opposite to each other, the seventh magnet (46) and the seventh magnetic coil (36) are arranged opposite to each other, and the eighth magnet (47) and the eighth magnetic coil (37) are arranged opposite to each other.

9. The linear motor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first magnetic coil (311), the second magnetic coil (312), the third magnetic coil (321), the fourth magnetic coil (322), the fifth magnetic coil (34), the sixth magnetic coil (35), the seventh magnetic coil (36), and 37 to the eighth magnetic coil (37) are all arranged in a Halbach array.

10. A machine tool, characterized in that: It comprises a machine tool body and a linear motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the linear motor is connected to the machine tool body.

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