Slag field earth-rock volume measuring and calculating device based on close-range photogrammetry
By designing a slag yard earthwork measurement device that includes a laser rangefinder, conductive ring set and adjustment mechanism, the problems of inaccurate fixed-point height and skewed camera when measuring earthwork by drones, achieving high accuracy and stability of the image.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421463350.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-25
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, when measuring earthwork, the fixed point height is inaccurate, the camera skews, resulting in large image deviations, increasing image processing difficulty, and reducing accuracy.
A slag yard earth and stone measurement device based on close-up photogrammetry was designed, including a base, a shell, a protective shell, a camera and a laser rangefinder and other components fixed to the bottom of the drone. The height of the drone is detected by a laser rangefinder, the camera is combined with the protective case, and the conductive ring set and the alignment rod are used to ensure the vertical state of the camera, and the adjustment mechanism controls the camera angle to ensure image accuracy.
Effectively prevent the camera swing caused by drone shaking, ensure that the camera always remains vertical, improve image accuracy, and reduce the difficulty of post-image processing.
Smart Images
Figure CN222652231U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of measuring devices, in particular to a device for measuring and calculating the volume of earth and stone in a slag field based on close-range photography measurement. Background Art
[0002] When using digital close-range photogrammetry to calculate earthwork volume, after determining the scope of the survey area, select the appropriate photography distance and photography inclination, calculate the camera height and determine the photography baseline. Use a calibrated digital camera to obtain a digital stereo image pair of the experimental area where the control network has been laid out; then use multi-baseline close-range photogrammetry to process the collected digital images to obtain the coordinates of discrete points on the surface of the experimental area; then generate a DTM to calculate the volume of excavation and filling in the experimental area.
[0003] The existing technology uses drones for rapid measurement, but the fixed point height is inaccurate. The swing of the drone during shooting causes the camera to tilt, resulting in inaccurate images. It is impossible to determine whether the photos meet the standards in the later stage. The image deviation is large, which increases the difficulty of later image processing and reduces the accuracy. Therefore, the utility model provides a slag yard earthwork measurement device based on close-range photogrammetry to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a device for measuring the volume of earth and stone in a slag yard based on close-range photogrammetry to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] A device for measuring the volume of earth and stone in a slag field based on close-range photogrammetry comprises a base, which is fixed to the bottom of a drone, a fixing seat is fixed to the lower side of the base, a housing is fixed to the fixing seat by screws, a clamping groove is provided on the upper side ends of the left and right sides of the housing, a mounting plate is clamped to the clamping groove, and the front part of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the base by screws;
[0007] A pull rope is connected to the lower middle side of the mounting plate, and the lower end of the pull rope is connected to a protective shell, which is rotatably connected to a camera in the protective shell, and an adjustment mechanism is provided on the rear side of the camera. A detection hole is provided on the lower side of the protective shell, and an alignment rod is inserted in the detection hole. The alignment rod is vertically fixed to the middle of the upper side of the floating plate, and the floating plate floats on the bottom of the outer shell. Transparent observation windows are provided on the bottom and sides of the outer shell. A laser rangefinder is installed on the lower side of the floating plate to detect the current height of the drone. Two upper and lower conductive ring groups are fixed in the detection hole, and the conductive ring groups are composed of conductive rings with different inner and outer apertures. The conductive rings are respectively connected to power supplies. When the alignment rod is in an upright state, the upper and lower conductive ring groups are both in a connected state, indicating that the protective shell is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and the camera is in a vertical state.
[0008] Preferably, screw holes are provided in the middle of the rear side and on the left and right sides of the fixing seat, and two screw holes are provided on the upper and lower rear sides. The outer shell is fixed by the rear screw holes and screws, and the fixing seat is fixed by the screw holes on the left and right sides to fix the device.
[0009] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism is composed of a motor and a worm gear, the worm gear is fixed at the rotation position of the camera, and the angle of the camera is controlled by the motor.
[0010] Preferably, fixed rods are fixed on both the left and right sides of the camera, and the fixed rods are slidably connected in the guide grooves to improve the stability of the camera when it moves.
[0011] Preferably, the observation window at the bottom of the protective shell is in a downwardly concave arc shape.
[0012] Preferably, the lower side of the floating plate is hemispherical, and in a natural state, the alignment rod is in a vertical state.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0014] The utility model observes earthwork through a camera. When the drone is deflected or shaken by external influences, the protective shell is forced to swing, thereby driving the lower end of the protective shell to move, and then driving the floating plate to move, playing an obstructive role. When the conductive ring group is not connected, it indicates that the current camera angle is inaccurate, and the image at this time cannot be included. After adjusting the angle of the drone, the image is re-shot to improve the accuracy of the image. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 The schematic diagram is a structural diagram of a device for measuring the volume of earth and stone in a slag yard based on close-range photogrammetry.
[0016] Figure 2 The diagram is a structural diagram of a floating plate in a slag yard earthwork volume measurement device based on close-range photogrammetry.
[0017] Figure 3 The diagram is a left-view cross-sectional structural diagram of a device for measuring the volume of earth and stone in a slag yard based on close-range photogrammetry.
[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the locally enlarged structure of A in the middle.
[0019] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixed seat in a device for measuring earthwork volume in a slag yard based on close-range photogrammetry.
[0020] In the figure: 1, base; 2, fixing seat; 3, mounting plate; 4, housing; 5, pull rope; 6, protective shell; 7, camera; 8, adjustment mechanism; 9, guide groove; 10, detection hole;
[0021] 11. Floating plate; 12. Alignment rod; 13. Conductive ring set; 14. Observation window; 15. Laser rangefinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0023] See also Figures 1 to 5 In the embodiment of the utility model, a device for measuring the earthwork volume of a slag field based on close-range photogrammetry includes a base 1, which is fixed to the bottom of a drone, a fixing seat 2 is fixed to the lower side of the base 1, and the fixing seat 2 is fixed to a shell 4 by screws, and the upper side ends of the left and right sides of the shell 4 are provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping groove is clamped with a mounting plate 3, and the front part of the mounting plate 3 is fixedly connected to the base 1 by screws, and the middle part of the rear side and the left and right sides of the fixing seat 2 are provided with screw holes, and the rear side screw holes are provided with two upper and lower holes, and the shell 4 is fixed by the rear side screw holes and screws, and the fixing seat 2 is fixed by the screw holes on the left and right sides, and the device is fixedly installed;
[0024] The lower middle side of the mounting plate 3 is connected to a pull rope 5, the lower end of the pull rope 5 is connected to a protective shell 6, the protective shell 6 is rotatably connected to a camera 7, an adjustment mechanism 8 is provided on the rear side of the camera 7, the adjustment mechanism 8 is composed of a motor and a worm gear, the worm gear is fixed at the rotation position of the camera 7, and the angle of the camera 7 is controlled by the motor, the left and right sides of the camera 7 are fixed with fixed rods, the fixed rods are slidably connected in the guide groove 9, and the stability of the camera 7 when moving is improved, the lower side of the protective shell 6 is provided with a detection hole 10, the detection hole 10 is inserted with a positioning rod 12, the positioning rod 12 is vertically fixed to the middle of the upper side of the floating plate 11, and the floating plate 11 floats on the outer shell 4 bottom, the bottom and side of the shell 4 are provided with transparent observation windows 14, the observation window 14 at the bottom is an arc shape concave downward, a laser rangefinder 15 is installed on the lower side of the floating plate 11 for detecting the current height of the UAV, two upper and lower conductive ring groups 13 are fixed in the detection hole 10, the conductive ring group 13 is composed of conductive rings with different inner and outer apertures, and the conductive rings are respectively connected to the power supply, when the alignment rod 12 is in an upright state, the upper and lower conductive ring groups 13 are both in a connected state, indicating that the protective shell 6 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the camera 7 is in a vertical state, the lower side of the floating plate 11 is hemispherical, and in a natural state, the alignment rod 12 is in a vertical state.
[0025] The working principle of the utility model is: when in use, the protective shell 6 is put on the fixing seat 2, and it is initially fixed by the rear screws, and then the mounting plate 3 is inserted into the clamping groove and fixed with the base 1 by screws, and then the mounting plate 3 and the shell 4 are fixed in place by screws to complete the overall installation.
[0026] During measurement, the device is driven by an unmanned aerial vehicle to reach the specified position, and the current height is determined by the laser rangefinder 15. During measurement, the suspended protective shell 6 naturally hangs down due to gravity. At this time, the alignment rod 12 is in an upright state, and the upper and lower conductive ring groups 13 are both in a connected state, indicating that the protective shell 6 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, so that the camera 7 is in a vertical state. The angle of the camera 7 is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism, and the earthwork is observed through the camera 7. When the unmanned aerial vehicle is deflected or shaken by external influences, the protective shell 6 is forced to swing, thereby driving the lower end of the protective shell 6 to move, and then driving the floating plate 11 to move, which plays a blocking role. When the conductive ring group 13 is not connected, it indicates that the current angle of the camera 7 is inaccurate, and the image at this time cannot be counted. After adjusting the angle through the unmanned aerial vehicle, the shot is taken again.
[0027] The above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent substitutions or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A device for measuring the volume of earth and stone in a slag field based on close-range photogrammetry, comprising a base (1), the base (1) being fixed to the bottom of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and characterized in that: A fixing seat (2) is fixed on the lower side of the base (1), and the fixing seat (2) is fixed to the housing (4) by screws. The upper ends of the left and right sides of the housing (4) are provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping groove is clamped with a mounting plate (3), and the front part of the mounting plate (3) is fixedly connected to the base (1) by screws. The lower middle part of the mounting plate (3) is connected to a pull rope (5), the lower end of the pull rope (5) is connected to a protective shell (6), a camera (7) is rotatably connected inside the protective shell (6), an adjustment mechanism (8) is provided on the rear side of the camera (7), a detection hole (10) is provided on the lower side of the protective shell (6), a positioning rod (12) is inserted into the detection hole (10), the positioning rod (12) is vertically fixed to the middle of the upper side of a floating plate (11), the floating plate (11) floats on the bottom of the shell (4), the bottom and side of the shell (4) are both provided with transparent observation windows (14), a laser rangefinder (15) is installed on the lower side of the floating plate (11), two upper and lower conductive ring groups (13) are fixed in the detection hole (10), the conductive ring group (13) is composed of conductive rings with different inner and outer apertures, and the conductive rings are respectively connected to power supplies.
2. The device for measuring earthwork volume in a slag field based on close-range photogrammetry according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing seat (2) is provided with screw holes in the middle of the rear side and on both left and right sides, and two screw holes are provided in the upper and lower rear side.
3. The device for measuring earthwork volume in a slag field based on close-range photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (8) is composed of a motor and a worm gear, and the worm gear is fixed at the rotation position of the camera (7).
4. The device for measuring earthwork volume in a slag field based on close-range photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fixed rods are fixed on both the left and right sides of the camera (7), and the fixed rods are slidably connected in the guide grooves (9).
5. The device for measuring earthwork volume in a slag field based on close-range photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation window (14) at the bottom of the protective shell (6) is in the shape of an arc that is concave downwards.
6. The device for measuring earthwork volume in a slag field based on close-range photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side of the floating plate (11) is hemispherical.