Spindle broach structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a spindle broach structure, which relates to the technical field of machine tool spindles and comprises a broach rod, a broach ring and a pull rod, the broach rod is attached to one end face of the broach ring, a spindle core is arranged in the center of the other end of the broach rod, the pull rod extends into the spindle core, and a pull rod component is arranged in the spindle core. An air guide channel is formed among the unclamping rod, the unclamping ring and the pull rod; when the novel broach system is assembled, only the concentricity of the shaft core and the through hole of the pull rod needs to be corrected, the requirements for the size precision and the surface roughness of parts are reduced, and the working efficiency is effectively improved; an anti-wear ring between the cutter beating ring and the shaft core is omitted, the influence of friction force attenuation caused by abrasion of the anti-wear ring on the cutter pulling force of the main shaft is reduced, and then accurate and stable cutting operation of the main shaft is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool spindles, in particular to a spindle broaching system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the traditional machine tool spindle broaching system needs to use a fixture to calibrate the concentricity of the inner holes of the three parts, namely the broaching ring, the shaft core and the broaching rod, and then install the broaching rod into the corresponding position. This requires high dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of the parts and is complicated to install.

[0003] In addition, the friction between the anti-wear ring of the inner hole of the cutting ring and the shaft core will gradually decay during the use of the machine tool spindle, affecting the stability of the machine tool spindle broaching force. When the anti-wear ring fails completely, there will be a risk of wear between the cutting ring and the shaft core.

[0004] At the same time, the cutter rod and the cutter ring are locked only by side radial screws and double-stacked self-locking washers. During long-term high-speed operation of the machine tool spindle, there is a risk of the cutter rod detaching, posing a certain safety hazard.

[0005] Based on the above problems, we propose a spindle broach structure. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a spindle broach structure to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings in the technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a spindle broach structure, comprising a broaching rod, a broaching ring and a pull rod, wherein the broaching rod and the broaching ring are fitted at one end surface, an axis core is arranged at the center of the other end of the broaching rod, and the pull rod extends into the axis core, and a pull rod assembly is built into the axis core, and an air guide channel is opened between the broaching rod, the broaching ring and the pull rod;

[0008] The pull rod assembly includes a spring, a gasket, a claw connecting rod and a claw. The spring, gasket, claw connecting rod and claw are sequentially located in an installation cavity opened inside the shaft core and arranged in the direction of the knife rod. The spring is located in the installation cavity and the two sections respectively contact the installation cavity and the knife rod, and a gasket is provided at one end contacting the installation cavity, while the claw connecting rod and the claw are located on the periphery of the pull rod, and the claw and the pull rod are connected by the claw connecting rod.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of reserved installation holes are correspondingly provided on the mating surfaces of the knife-beating rod and the knife-beating ring, and are fixed by a first headless screw.

[0010] Furthermore, a threaded hole for fixing the hitting rod and the pull rod is provided at the end of the pull rod that fits the hitting rod, and the pull rod is fixed to a positioning groove where the threaded hole of the hitting rod is provided by a second headless screw.

[0011] Furthermore, the spring is sleeved on the periphery of the pull rod, a groove is provided on the periphery of the pull claw connecting rod and then sleeved with an O-ring, and a tapered hole is provided on the shaft core away from the end of the knife rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the air guide channel includes a first straight channel, a corner channel and a second straight channel. The first straight channel is opened on the knife ring, and the corner channel is opened on the knife rod corresponding to the first straight channel. The second straight channel connects the corner channel and is opened to the end of the axis away from the air guide channel.

[0013] Furthermore, an annular groove is provided on the outer side of the first straight channel corresponding to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] 1. During assembly, the new broaching system only needs to calibrate the concentricity between the shaft core and the through hole of the draw rod, which reduces the requirements for the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of the parts, and effectively improves the work efficiency.

[0016] 2. The anti-wear ring between the cutting ring and the shaft core is cancelled, which reduces the influence of the friction force attenuation caused by the wear of the anti-wear ring on the spindle cutting force, thereby ensuring the precise and stable cutting operation of the spindle.

[0017] 3. A matching step is provided between the cutter rod and the cutter ring, and they are axially locked with four screws. Two threaded holes that penetrate into the through hole are provided at the tail end of the pull rod, which are respectively locked into the positioning grooves provided in the cutter rod by two headless screws, effectively reducing the risk of the cutter rod being detached during the operation of the spindle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a top structural plane view of a spindle broach structure provided by the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 The utility model provides a schematic diagram of the overall structural anatomy of a spindle broach structure.

[0020] Legend:

[0021] 1. Knife rod; 11. Mounting hole; 12. First headless screw; 13. Threaded hole; 14. Second headless screw; 15. Positioning slot;

[0022] 2. Knife ring;

[0023] 3. Pull rod;

[0024] 4. Shaft core; 41. Pull rod assembly; 42. Spring; 43. Gasket; 44. Pull claw connecting rod; 45. Pull claw; 46. Mounting cavity; 47. O-ring; 48. Tapered hole;

[0025] 5. Air guide channel; 51. First straight channel; 52. Corner channel; 53. Second straight channel; 54. Annular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant literature, and several embodiments of the present invention are given. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in this article includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1-2As shown, the utility model provides a technical solution: a spindle broach structure, including a broaching rod 1, a broaching ring 2 and a pull rod 3, the broaching rod 1 and the broaching ring 2 are fitted at one end, a shaft core 4 is arranged at the center of the other end of the broaching rod 1, and the pull rod 3 extends into the shaft core 4, and a pull rod assembly 41 is built into the shaft core 4, and an air guide channel 5 is opened between the broaching rod 1, the broaching ring 2 and the pull rod 3; the pull rod assembly 41 includes a spring 42, a gasket 43, a pull claw connecting rod 44 And the claw 45, the spring 42, the gasket 43, the claw connecting rod 44 and the claw 45 are sequentially arranged in the installation cavity 46 opened inside the shaft core 4 in the direction of the knife rod 1, the spring 42 is located in the installation cavity 46, and the two sections respectively resist the installation cavity 46 and the knife rod 1, and the gasket 43 is matched at the end that resists the installation cavity 46, and the claw connecting rod 44 and the claw 45 are located on the periphery of the pull rod 3, and the claw 45 and the pull rod 3 are connected by the claw connecting rod 44.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a number of reserved mounting holes 11 are provided on the mating surfaces of the cutter rod 1 and the cutter ring 2, and are fixed by a first headless screw 12; a threaded hole 13 for fixing the cutter rod 1 and the pull rod 3 is provided at the end of the pull rod 3 that is fitted with the cutter rod 1, and is fixed to the cutter rod 1 in a positioning groove 15 provided with the threaded hole 13 by a second headless screw 14; the cutter rod 1 is locked into the positioning groove 15 by the second headless screw 14, which effectively reduces the risk of the cutter rod 1 being detached during long-term high-speed operation.

[0034] The spring 42 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pull rod 3, and the disc spring can be replaced by a disc spring. The outer periphery of the pull claw connecting rod 44 is provided with a groove body and then sleeved with an O-ring 47. The end of the shaft core 4 away from the knife rod 1 is provided with a tapered hole 48.

[0035] The air guide channel 5 includes a first straight channel 51, a corner channel 52 and a second straight channel 53. The first straight channel 51 is opened on the cutting ring 2, and the corner channel 52 is opened on the cutting rod 1 and corresponds to the first straight channel 51. The second straight channel 53 connects the corner channel 52 and is opened to the end of the shaft core 4 away from the air guide channel 5. An annular groove 54 is opened on the outer side of the first straight channel 51 corresponding to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. When the machine tool spindle loosens the knife, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder fits against the upper end surface of the cutting ring 2, and the compressed air transmitted from the hydraulic cylinder enters the air guide channel 5 through the annular groove 54 of the cutting ring 2, and finally reaches the front end of the shaft core 4, thereby realizing the process of loosening the knife and blowing.

[0036] Working principle: The spindle hydraulic cylinder is pressurized and applies axial thrust to the cutting ring 2, driving the cutting rod 1 to move. The pull rod assembly 41 in the spindle constrained by the cutting rod 1 receives the force applied to the cutting ring 2 and moves together with the cutting ring 2, thereby realizing the tool loosening process. After the tool handle is installed in the tapered hole 48 at the front end of the spindle, the spindle hydraulic cylinder is depressurized, and the cutting ring 2 loses pressure. The spring 42 on the pull rod assembly 41 in the spindle ends the compression state and begins to rebound due to the loss of pressure, pushing the cutting rod 1 and the cutting ring 2 fixed to the cutting rod 1 to return to their initial position, thereby realizing the tool pulling process. The spindle tool loosening process is thus achieved.

[0037] The installation steps of this utility model are as follows:

[0038] ① Install the anti-wear ring on the tension rod assembly 41 with adjusted tension, use a rubber hammer to knock the tension rod assembly 41 into the spindle with the front end assembled, insert the knife ring 2 from the tail end of the shaft core 4, and then place the spindle on the auxiliary installation fixture and lock it with screws;

[0039] ② The knife-beating cylinder of the auxiliary installation fixture increases the pressure to the tie rod assembly 41, so as to achieve the lateral horizontal displacement of the tie rod assembly 41, and push the tie rod 3 to move to the preset relative position, so that its through hole coincides with the through hole of the mandrel;

[0040] ③ Use the guide jig to penetrate the through holes of the mandrel and the tie rod 3, and fine-tune the feed amount of the knife cylinder of the auxiliary installation jig (knife operation or knife retraction operation) until the guide jig is completely penetrated, complete the concentricity correction of the through hole of the shaft core 4 and the tie rod 3, and then lock the claw 45 into the front end of the tie rod assembly 41;

[0041] ④ Pull out the guiding fixture, install the beater bar 1 into the horizontal holes of the shaft core 4 and the tie rod 3, install the test tool holder in the tapered hole 48 at the front end of the spindle, completely retract the auxiliary beater cylinder, and tighten the tool holder with the tie rod assembly 41. At this time, the beater bar 1 is not affected by the preload of the tie rod assembly 41;

[0042] ⑥ Use a glue stick to gently tap the knife rod 1, adjust the concentricity of the matching surface of the knife rod 1 and the knife ring 2, align the air guide channel 5 of the knife rod 1 and the knife ring 2, and then lock the screws to fix them;

[0043] ⑦ Slowly rotate the shaft core 4, use the lever micrometer to measure the outer circle runout of the beater rod 1, gently tap the beater rod 1 to adjust the concentricity of the outer circle of the beater rod 1 and the outer circle of the shaft core 4, and after adjusting to the standard range, use the auxiliary installation jig beater cylinder to perform the beater and retract operations, and remove the test tool handle from the front end of the shaft core 4;

[0044] ⑧ Remove the spindle from the auxiliary installation fixture, and lock four headless screws in sequence from the tail end of the shaft core 4 to complete the installation of the machine tool spindle broaching system.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A spindle broach structure, characterized in that: It comprises a knife rod (1), a knife ring (2) and a pull rod (3), wherein the knife rod (1) and the knife ring (2) are fitted at one end, an axis core (4) is provided at the center of the other end of the knife rod (1), and the pull rod (3) extends into the axis core (4), and a pull rod assembly (41) is built into the axis core (4), and an air guide channel (5) is provided between the knife rod (1), the knife ring (2) and the pull rod (3); The pull rod assembly (41) includes a spring (42), a gasket (43), a claw connecting rod (44) and a claw (45). The spring (42), the gasket (43), the claw connecting rod (44) and the claw (45) are sequentially arranged in a mounting cavity (46) opened inside the shaft core (4) in the direction of the knife hitting rod (1). The spring (42) is located in the mounting cavity (46) and the two sections respectively contact the mounting cavity (46) and the knife hitting rod (1). A gasket (43) is provided at one end contacting the mounting cavity (46). The claw connecting rod (44) and the claw (45) are located on the periphery of the pull rod (3). The claw (45) and the pull rod (3) are connected via the claw connecting rod (44).

2. A spindle broach structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reserved mounting holes (11) are correspondingly provided on the mating surfaces of the knife-beating rod (1) and the knife-beating ring (2), and are fixed by means of a first headless screw (12).

3. A spindle broach structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the pull rod (3) that fits the cutting rod (1) is provided with a threaded hole (13) for fixing the cutting rod (1) and the pull rod (3), and is fixed to a positioning groove (15) provided in the threaded hole (13) of the cutting rod (1) by a second headless screw (14).

4. The spindle broach structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (42) is sleeved on the periphery of the pull rod (3), the periphery of the pull claw connecting rod (44) is provided with a groove body and then sleeved with an O-ring (47), and the end of the shaft core (4) away from the knife rod (1) is provided with a tapered hole (48).

5. The spindle broach structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide channel (5) comprises a first straight channel (51), a corner channel (52) and a second straight channel (53); the first straight channel (51) is opened through the knife ring (2), the corner channel (52) is opened on the knife rod (1) and corresponds to the first straight channel (51); the second straight channel (53) is connected to the corner channel (52) and opened through to an end of the shaft core (4) away from the air guide channel (5).

6. A spindle broach structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular groove (54) is provided on the outer side of the first straight channel (51) corresponding to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.

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