Compound ecological bank protection structure for non-point source pollution treatment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a compound ecological bank protection structure for non-point source pollution treatment. The compound ecological bank protection structure sequentially comprises a first-stage turf protection slope, a horizontal pestle stone platform, a second-stage emergent aquatic plant protection slope and a pine pile protection foot from a slope top to a slope toe, the top of the first-stage turf protection slope is positioned above the highest water level; the horizontal pestle stone platform is horizontally arranged, the top surface of the horizontal pestle stone platform is positioned in an area above a normal water level and below a highest water level, and energy dissipation pestle stones are piled above the horizontal pestle stone platform; the secondary emergent aquatic plant protection slope is obliquely arranged, and emergent aquatic plants are planted on the secondary emergent aquatic plant protection slope; the pine pile protection foot is arranged on the slope toe and driven into the side slope. The device can be applied to lakes, wetlands, ponds and river channels, can effectively intercept and reduce non-point source pollution on the basis of guaranteeing the stability of bank slopes, and has the advantages of being safe in structure and good in landscape performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological water conservancy projects, and more specifically to a compound ecological bank protection structure for non-point source pollution control. Background Art

[0002] Existing non-point source pollution control measures include source control and migration process control measures, among which the migration process control measures mainly include ecological buffer zone technology, ecological ditch technology, and surface runoff collection and reuse technology. Among them, ecological buffer zone technology mainly reduces surface source pollution by building ecological revetments through plant measures. The existing ecological buffer zones mainly have the following problems: (1) Single-type ecological revetment structures, mainly turf revetments, block stone revetments, etc., have limited pollutant reduction and control effects due to the single structure of the buffer zone slope, and the level of interception and buffering of pollutants entering the water body is poor; (2) The existing compound ecological revetment structure is mainly a walking trail in the horizontal connection section. When the upstream water flows into the water body from the top of the slope, it has basically no energy dissipation effect on the water body, causing serious scouring of the revetment area in the water level fluctuation area, affecting the stability of the slope. Therefore, it is necessary to explore and develop a compound ecological revetment structure type that can be used in lakes, wetlands, ponds and rivers to intercept and reduce non-point source pollution, increase the amount of non-point source pollution reduction, and has a safe structure and good landscape. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome the defects of traditional technology and existing technology, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a compound ecological bank protection structure for non-point source pollution control, which can be applied to lakes, wetlands, ponds and rivers. On the basis of ensuring the stability of the bank slope, it can effectively intercept and reduce non-point source pollution and improve the landscape.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] The compound ecological bank protection structure used for non-point source pollution control includes, from the top to the foot of the slope, a first-level turf slope protection, a horizontal pestle stone platform, a second-level water-emergent plant slope protection, and a pine pile foot protection; one end of the first-level turf slope protection is connected to the top of the slope, and the other end is connected to the horizontal pestle stone platform; the first-level turf slope protection is inclined, and its top is located above the highest water level; the horizontal pestle stone platform is horizontally arranged, and its top surface is located in the area above the normal water level and below the highest water level, and energy dissipation pestles are piled on the horizontal pestle stone platform; one end of the second-level water-emergent plant slope protection is connected to the horizontal pestle stone platform, and the other end is connected to the upper part of the pine pile foot protection; the second-level water-emergent plant slope protection is inclined, and water-emergent plants are planted on the second-level water-emergent plant slope protection; the pine pile foot protection is arranged at the foot of the slope and driven into the inside of the slope.

[0006] Preferably, the slope ratio of the primary turf slope protection is 1:2.5 to 1:5.0; the primary turf slope protection is obtained by sowing grass seeds.

[0007] Preferably, the top surface of the horizontal pestle stone platform is located 0.2 to 0.5 meters above the normal water level; the horizontal pestle stone platform is composed of a crushed stone cushion layer with a thickness of 0.3 meters and a compacted clay layer with a thickness of 0.5 meters from top to bottom.

[0008] Preferably, Manila grass with a planting density of 4 to 5 plants per square meter is planted above the horizontal pestle platform; energy dissipation pestles are piled above the Manila grass; the energy dissipation pestles are made of river beach stones; the river beach stones are stacked tightly, and the diameter of the river beach stones is 0.3 to 0.6 m, and the stacking height is 0.5 to 0.7 m.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the secondary emergent plant slope protection is located below the normal water level, with a slope ratio of 1:2.5 to 1:5.0, and emergent plants are planted with a planting density of 10 plants per square meter.

[0010] Preferably, the emergent plants include at least one of Zinnia grandiflora, Iris pumila, and Phragmites australis.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the pine pile foot guard has a carbonized layer, and the surface of the carbonized layer is provided with an anti-corrosion layer.

[0012] Preferably, the pine pile foot guard has a diameter of 0.3 meters, a length of 4 meters, is driven into the slope to a depth of 3.5 meters, and protrudes 0.5 meters from the slope.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model adopts an ecological compound bank protection structure, including turf slope protection and emergent water plant slope protection. Through the adsorption and degradation of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution by plants, before the surface source on the shore is input into lakes, wetlands, ponds and other water bodies, the pollutants are doubly intercepted and reduced through the two-level slope protection of turf slope protection and emergent water plant slope protection, thereby increasing the reduction of non-point source pollution; the energy dissipation pestle and stone dissipation buffer the incoming water entering the water body from the top of the slope, reducing the direct scouring of the secondary emergent water plant slope protection, and ensuring the stability of the bank slope in the water level fluctuation area; at the same time, the pestle and stone area provides a biological habitat platform, and the pestle and stone shape creates a good landscape effect, which improves the hydrophilicity and landscape of the bank protection. The utility model can be used to intercept and reduce non-point source pollution in lakes, wetlands, ponds and rivers, and increase the reduction of non-point source pollution. It has the advantages of safe structure and good landscape. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a compound ecological bank protection structure used for non-point source pollution control.

[0015] In the figure: first-level turf slope protection 1, horizontal pestle platform 2, energy dissipation pestle 21, second-level emergent plant slope protection 3, pine pile foot protection 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but they do not constitute a limitation of the present invention and are only used as examples. At the same time, the advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the description.

[0017] like Figure 1 The utility model is a composite ecological revetment structure for non-point source pollution control, which is a composite revetment structure. The connection sequence from the top of the slope to the foot of the slope is first-level turf revetment 1, horizontal pestle platform 2, second-level water-emergent plant revetment 3, and pine pile foot protection 4. One end of the first-level turf revetment 1 is connected to the top of the slope, and the other end is connected to the horizontal pestle platform 2. The first-level turf revetment 1 is inclined, and its top is located above the highest water level; the horizontal pestle platform 2 is horizontally arranged, and its top surface is located in the area above the normal water level and below the highest water level. Energy dissipation pestles 21 are piled above the horizontal pestle platform 2; one end of the second-level water-emergent plant revetment 3 is connected to the horizontal pestle platform 2, and the other end is connected to the upper part of the pine pile foot protection 4; the second-level water-emergent plant revetment 3 is inclined, and water-emergent plants with non-point source pollution nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption capacity are planted on the second-level water-emergent plant revetment 3; the pine pile foot protection 4 is arranged at the foot of the slope and driven into the slope.

[0018] The top of the first-level turf slope protection 1 is located above the highest water level, the top is connected to the slope top, and the bottom is connected to the horizontal pestle platform 2. It is inclined with a slope ratio of 1:2.5 to 1:5.0. The first-level turf slope protection 1 is obtained by sowing grass seeds.

[0019] The above-mentioned horizontal pestle stone platform 2 is arranged horizontally, and its top surface is arranged 0.2-0.5 meters above the normal water level, and the top width is 2 meters. From top to bottom, there is a crushed stone cushion layer with a thickness of 0.3 meters and a compacted clay layer with a thickness of 0.5 meters.

[0020] Manila grass with a planting density of 4 to 5 plants per square meter is planted above the horizontal pestle platform 2; energy dissipation pestles 21 are piled above the Manila grass. The energy dissipation pestles 21 are made of river beach stones with a diameter of 0.3 to 0.6 m and a pile height of about 0.5 to 0.7 m. The river beach stones are stacked tightly to dissipate energy and buffer the incoming water from the top of the slope, reduce direct scouring of the secondary emergent plant slope protection 3, and ensure the stability of the bank slope in the water level variation area; in addition, the horizontal pestle platform 2 provides a habitat for organisms and creates a good landscape effect through the pestle shape.

[0021] The above-mentioned secondary emergent plant slope protection 3 is inclined, with its bottom located below the normal water level and a slope ratio of 1:2.5 to 1:5.0. Emergent plants with the ability to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus from non-point source pollution are planted, including lily of the valley, iris, and reed, with a planting density of 10 plants per square meter.

[0022] The pinewood pile foot guard 4 is arranged close to the water body, has a diameter of 0.3 meters, a length of 4 meters, is driven into the slope to a depth of 3.5 meters, and is exposed from the slope by 0.5 meters.

[0023] The surface of the pine pile foot guard 4 is subjected to carbonization treatment to obtain a carbonized layer, and is then coated with an anti-corrosion material without ecological risks, such as copper oxalate, to form an anti-corrosion layer, thereby improving the stability of the pine pile foot guard 4.

[0024] The utility model is composed of a first-level turf slope protection 1, a horizontal pestle platform 2, a second-level water-emergent plant slope protection 3, and a pine pile foot protection 4, which together form a revetment with non-point source pollution control and landscaping functions. It can be used in wetlands, lakes, ponds, rivers and other areas. Before the surface source pollution on the shore is input into lakes, wetlands, ponds and other water bodies, it reduces the non-point source pollution while improving the landscape of the revetment structure. When the utility model is in operation, the first-level turf slope protection 1 is arranged in the slope area above the highest water level, which plays the role of buffering suspended particles in non-point source pollution; the horizontal pestle stone platform 2 is connected to the first-level turf slope protection 1, and the horizontal pestle stone platform 2 is arranged horizontally, and is arranged in the area above the normal water level and below the highest water level. Manila grass is laid on the horizontal pestle stone platform 2, and energy dissipation pestle stones 21 are piled above the Manila grass. The energy dissipation pestle stones 21 are stacked tightly to dissipate energy and buffer the incoming water from the top of the slope into the water body, reduce the direct scouring of the second-level emergent plant slope protection 3, and ensure the stability of the bank slope in the water level variation area; the horizontal pestle stone platform 2 is used to provide a habitat for organisms and support the energy dissipation pestle stone. The shape of the stone 21 creates a good ecological and landscape effect through the biological habitat and energy dissipation pestle 21 shape, and improves the hydrophilicity and landscape of the bank protection; the secondary emergent plant slope protection 3 is located between the horizontal pestle stone platform 2 and the pine pile footing 4, and is planted with emergent plants such as lily of the valley, yellow calamus, and reed bamboo that have the ability to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants. Through the combination of the two-level slope protection of emergent plant slope protection and turf slope protection, pollutants are doubly intercepted and reduced, further improving the reduction of non-point source pollution; the pine pile footing 4 is densely arranged at the foot of the slope to stabilize the slope. The surface of the pine pile footing 4 is provided with a carbonized layer and an anti-corrosion layer to extend the service life of the pine pile footing 4.

[0025] The parts not described in detail above are all prior art.

Claims

1. The compound ecological revetment structure used for non-point source pollution control is characterized by: From the top to the foot of the slope, the first-level turf slope protection (1), a horizontal pestle platform (2), a second-level water-emergent plant slope protection (3), and a pinewood pile foot protection (4) are sequentially included; one end of the first-level turf slope protection (1) is connected to the top of the slope, and the other end is connected to the horizontal pestle platform (2); the first-level turf slope protection (1) is inclined, and its top is located above the highest water level; the horizontal pestle platform (2) is horizontally arranged, and its top surface is located in the area above the normal water level and below the highest water level, and energy dissipation pestles (21) are piled on the horizontal pestle platform (2); one end of the second-level water-emergent plant slope protection (3) is connected to the horizontal pestle platform (2), and the other end is connected to the upper part of the pinewood pile foot protection (4); the second-level water-emergent plant slope protection (3) is inclined, and water-emergent plants are planted on the second-level water-emergent plant slope protection (3); the pinewood pile foot protection (4) is arranged at the foot of the slope and driven into the inside of the slope.

2. The compound ecological revetment structure for non-point source pollution control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The slope ratio of the first-level turf slope protection (1) is 1:2.5-1:5.0; the first-level turf slope protection (1) is obtained by sowing grass seeds.

3. The compound ecological revetment structure for non-point source pollution control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The top surface of the horizontal pestle stone platform (2) is located 0.2 to 0.5 meters above the normal water level; the horizontal pestle stone platform (2) is composed of a crushed stone cushion layer with a thickness of 0.3 meters and a compacted clay layer with a thickness of 0.5 meters from top to bottom.

4. The compound ecological revetment structure for non-point source pollution control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The horizontal pestle platform (2) is planted with Manila grass at a density of 4 to 5 plants per square meter; energy dissipation pestles (21) are piled above the Manila grass; the energy dissipation pestles (21) are made of river beach stones; the river beach stones are tightly piled, and the diameter of the river beach stones is 0.3 to 0.6 m, and the pile height is 0.5 to 0.7 m.

5. The compound ecological revetment structure for non-point source pollution control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The bottom of the secondary emergent plant slope protection (3) is located below the normal water level, with a slope ratio of 1:2.5 to 1:5.0, and is planted with emergent plants at a planting density of 10 plants / square meter.

6. The compound ecological revetment structure for non-point source pollution control according to claim 5 is characterized by: The emergent plants include at least one of spatholobi, iris, and arundo donax.

7. The compound ecological revetment structure for non-point source pollution control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The surface of the pinewood pile foot guard (4) has a carbonized layer, and the surface of the carbonized layer is provided with an anti-corrosion layer.

8. The compound ecological revetment structure for non-point source pollution control according to claim 1 is characterized by: The pinewood pile foot guard (4) has a diameter of 0.3 meters and a length of 4 meters. It is driven into the slope to a depth of 3.5 meters and protrudes 0.5 meters from the slope.

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