Multi-insert reinforced cutting pick

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multi-insert reinforced cutting pick, which belongs to the technical field of mining cutting picks, is mounted on coal mine excavation mechanical equipment, is used for cutting and crushing a coal mine, and comprises a cutting pick body, a main pick and a plurality of hard cylindrical inserts, the hard cylindrical inserts are embedded in the conical surface of the cutting tooth body in a multi-circle staggered mode in the tooth height direction of the cutting tooth, cutting edges at the tops of the outlines of the hard cylindrical inserts are exposed out of the conical surface of the cutting tooth body, the hard cylindrical inserts can form a single tooth ring and a multi-tooth ring, when the multi-tooth ring is formed, the hard cylindrical inserts are divided into inner ring inserts and outer ring inserts, and the outer ring inserts are divided into inner ring inserts and outer ring inserts. The diameter of the inner ring insert is not larger than that of the outer ring insert. The insert arrangement mode designed by the utility model can assist the main tooth in breaking rocks, increase the aggressiveness of the conical surface of the cutting tooth, improve the problem of passive wear of the cutting tooth, and enhance the wear resistance of the cutting tooth body at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a mining pick which is installed on coal mining mechanical equipment and is used for cutting and crushing coal, in particular to a multi-insertion reinforced pick. Background Art

[0002] The pick is a key component directly involved in cutting and crushing operations on coal mining and other excavation machinery and equipment. According to their different operating environments, the pick is usually divided into coal mining picks, excavation picks, road picks, and rotary drilling picks. The pick directly eats into and breaks rocks during operation, so it is a component that is easily damaged. Its main rock breaking methods are pressing and scraping. The aggressiveness and wear resistance of the pick will directly affect its mining and crushing efficiency and service life.

[0003] Since coal mines and other rock formations are shallow, they are relatively soft rock formations. Existing picks are usually conical in shape. When working, the tip of the pick eats into the rock, and the tunnel boring machine drives the pick to rotate and scrape to break it. When excavating soft formations, the tip of the pick eats deeper, so that the conical surface of the pick will interact with the rock at the same time as the main teeth at the tip of the pick. The existing conical surface of the pick lacks aggressiveness, so when it interacts with the rock, it can only passively resist wear. Some existing strengthening methods also ignore its aggressiveness by welding a layer of wear-resistant material to the tip of the pick body or simply installing some wear-resistant teeth. By comparing the appearance of a certain pick before and after use, such as Figure 1 As shown, the analysis found that the conical surface of the pick body has a large wear due to its lack of aggressiveness, which makes the rock breaking efficiency of the pick low and the service life short. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-insert reinforced pick, which can solve the technical problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a multi-insert reinforced pick, comprising a pick body, main teeth, and several hard cylindrical inserts, wherein the main teeth are installed at the front end of the pick body, the pick body is conical, and has one or more conical surfaces, and the several hard cylindrical inserts are installed inside the conical surface of the pick body in a single circle or multiple circles in an alternating manner along the pick tooth height direction, and the cutting edge of the top of the hard insert contour is exposed on the conical surface of the pick body. When the several hard cylindrical inserts constitute multiple tooth rings, they are divided into inner ring inserts and outer ring inserts, and the diameter of the inner ring insert is not greater than the diameter of the outer ring insert.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the vertical height h between the exposed contour edge vertex of the hard insert and the conical surface of the pick body satisfies the relationship 0<h≤dcosA, d is the diameter of the hard insert, and A is the angle between the axis of the hard insert and the generatrix of the conical surface on which it is located.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the inner ring insert diameter d1 satisfies the relationship d1≤0.2D S , D S It is the diameter of the conical gear ring where the hard insert is located.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the plurality of hard inserts are arranged in a spiral winding along the axis of the pick body, and the helix angle C satisfies the relationship 0°≤C≤45°.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the angle A between the axis of the hard insert and the generatrix of the conical surface of the pick body satisfies the relationship θ≤A≤θ+10°, where θ is the angle between the generatrix of the conical surface where the hard insert is located and the central axis of the pick.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the length L of the hard insert satisfies the relationship L≥(d-bsin(A-θ)) / tanA+bcos(A-θ), θ is the angle between the conical surface of the pick body where the hard insert is located and the pick axis, d is the diameter of the hard insert, b is the depth of the main tooth hole, and A is the angle between the axis of the hard insert and the generatrix of the conical surface where it is located.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the gear ring composed of the plurality of hard inserts is evenly arranged at equal intervals on the gear ring where the hard inserts are located.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, when the hard insert constitutes a single-ring insert and an outer ring insert of a multi-ring insert, it may not be completely surrounded by the pick body. In the direction of the cross-sectional view of the hard insert, the arc length S of the pick body satisfies the relationship S>1 / 2πd2, where d2 is the diameter of the outer ring insert.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the conical surface of the pick body is provided with multiple inner and outer ring mounting holes for installing hard inserts, the bottom surface of the hole is not in the same plane with the bottom surface of the main tooth, and the bottom surface of the inner ring hole is not in the same plane with the bottom surface of the outer ring hole.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the minimum spacing between the mounting holes is 3 mm, and the minimum spacing between the inner ring mounting holes and the main teeth is 5 mm.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] (1) The utility model aims to solve the problem that the conical surface of the existing pick is not aggressive enough. The utility model adopts the idea of ​​embedding a plurality of hard inserts on the conical surface. By staggering the hard inserts in multiple circles on the conical surface of the pick body, the aggressiveness of the conical surface of the entire pick body is improved.

[0017] (2) The utility model designs the height at which the cutting edge of the top of the insert profile is exposed above the conical surface of the pick body, so that when the pick is working in a relatively soft formation, its cutting edge can act as a scraping tool to assist the main teeth in breaking rocks, thereby improving the rock crushing efficiency and increasing the excavation speed.

[0018] (3) The utility model designs the overall length of the insert so that the conical surface of the pick body is inlaid with hard inserts throughout the entire wear area. Even if the exposed cutting edge of the hard insert is blunted, the remaining insert can still form a reinforced pick together with the pick body, thereby enhancing the wear resistance of the pick and increasing its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram comparing the wear areas of new and old picks of a certain type in the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the rock breaking principle of a multi-inlaid reinforced pick.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the multi-insert reinforced pick structure in the first embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of a multi-insert reinforced pick in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the cutting edge and geometric position relationship of the multi-insert reinforced pick insert in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-insert reinforced pick structure in the second embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a partial top view of a cross-sectional view of a multi-insert reinforced pick in the second embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-insert reinforced pick structure in Example 3 of the utility model.

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the multi-insert reinforced pick structure in the fourth embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] 1. Pick body; 2. Main teeth; 3. Inner ring insert; 4. Outer ring insert; 5. Hard cylindrical insert; 6. Wear area of ​​pick body; 7. Wear area of ​​main teeth; 8. Rock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 3 and Fig. 9 As shown, a multi-insert reinforced pick comprises a pick body 1, a main tooth 2, and a plurality of hard cylindrical inserts 5. The main tooth 2 is mounted at the front end of the pick body 1. The pick body 1 is conical and has one or more conical surfaces. The plurality of hard cylindrical inserts 5 are mounted inside the conical surface of the pick body 1 in a single circle or in multiple circles staggered along the pick tooth height direction. The top cutting edge of the hard insert 5 is exposed on the conical surface of the pick body 1. When the plurality of hard cylindrical inserts 5 form a multi-tooth ring, they are divided into an inner ring insert 3 and an outer ring insert 4. The diameter of the inner ring insert 3 is not greater than the diameter of the outer ring insert 4.

[0032] Since the pick is mainly used in soft formations such as coal mines, the pick will eat a large volume of rock when working. Figure 2 In addition to the main teeth 2 of the pick invading the rock 8, the pick body 1 will also have a large volume of invading the rock 8 to participate in the crushing. Figure 1 As shown in the schematic diagram of the wear area of ​​the new and old picks, it can be analyzed that after the pick eats into the rock 8, the conical surface of the pick body 1 lacks aggressiveness, causing passive wear of the conical surface, resulting in accelerated wear of the pick body 1 and a short practical life of the pick.

[0033] In order to improve the aggressiveness of the conical surface of the pick body 1, the hard insert 5 is mainly distributed on the conical surface of the pick body 1. The top contour of the hard insert 5 is combined with the conical surface of the pick body 1 to form a cutting edge to participate in cutting and assist the main tooth in rock breaking. The vertical height h of the top contour edge of the hard insert 5 to the conical surface of the pick body 1 should satisfy the relationship 0<h≤dcosA, d is the diameter of the hard insert, A is the angle between the axis of the hard insert and the generatrix of the conical surface where it is located, such as Figure 5 As shown. This feature can make the cutting edge protrude from the conical surface. If h≤0, the cutting edge will be hidden inside the pick body 1, and the hard insert 5 will not be able to assist in rock breaking. If h>dcosA, the inclined surface enclosed by the vertex of the hard insert 5 will be lower than the main tooth at the rock breaking angle of the pick, that is, the hard insert 5 will contact the rock 8 before the main tooth 2, eventually causing the hard insert 5 to fail prematurely, which is contrary to the design purpose.

[0034] The conical surface of the pick body 1 is usually composed of one or more components. This feature can make the waist of the conical surface of the pick body 1 bulge, increasing the wear resistance of the pick. This feature can be flexibly designed according to specific needs. Therefore, when the hard insert 5 is distributed on the conical surface of the pick body 1, considering the above-mentioned problem of the aggressiveness of the cutting edge of the hard insert 5, the top surface of the hard insert 5 needs to form a certain scraping angle with the rock 8, that is, the angle A between the axis of the hard insert 5 and the generatrix of the conical surface of the pick body 1 where it is located satisfies the relationship θ≤A≤θ+10°, where θ is the angle between the generatrix of the conical surface where the hard insert 5 is located and the central axis of the pick. If the angle A parameter exceeds the design range, the scraping angle between the hard insert 5 and the rock 8 may be unsatisfactory, and the effect of improving the aggressiveness of the pick cone surface is unsatisfactory, which ultimately leads to low rock breaking efficiency of the pick.

[0035] Due to the conical structural characteristics of the pick, the conical surface near the tip of the pick is smaller. Therefore, in order to ensure the distribution density of the inner ring hard insert 3 on the conical surface where it is located, the diameter d1 of the inner ring hard insert 3 satisfies the relationship d1≤0.2D S , D S is the diameter of the conical gear ring where the hard insert is located, and the diameter of the inner ring insert 3 is not greater than the diameter of the outer ring insert 4. Figure 4 This feature enables the density of hard inserts to be higher inside the pick body 1, with more cutting edges distributed on the conical surface, and the inner and outer hard inserts 5 to be arranged in a staggered manner, which can reduce the polygonal effect. If the inner ring insert diameter 3 is larger than the design value, the polygonal effect may increase the impact on the pick.

[0036] By analyzing Figure 1It can be seen from the wear area diagram of the new and old picks that the contour of the worn pick is still in the form of a relatively regular body of revolution, which means that during the working process, the pick can rotate axially on the tooth seat and wear evenly. Therefore, it is considered to arrange the hard insert 5 in a spiral winding along the axis of the pick body 1, and the helix angle C satisfies the relationship 0°≤C≤45°. This feature enables the hard insert 5 to assist in rock breaking. Part of the force on its cutting edge can be decomposed into a driving force that drives the pick to rotate and drives the pick to rotate, reducing the risk of eccentric wear of the pick. If the helix angle is greater than 45°, most of the force on the cutting edge of the hard insert 5 will be decomposed into the rotational driving force of the pick, and less force will participate in assisting rock breaking, but the aggressiveness of the entire conical surface of the pick body 1 will not be greatly improved.

[0037] See again Figure 1 It can be obtained that the conical surface of the pick body 1 mainly plays the role of wrapping the main tooth 2. Therefore, the wear resistance of its conical surface directly affects the practical life of the entire pick. In summary, the length L of the hard insert 5 satisfies the relationship L≥(d-bsin(A-θ)) / tanA+bcos(A-θ), θ is the angle between the conical surface of the pick body 1 where the hard insert 5 is located and the pick axis, d is the diameter of the hard insert 5, b is the depth of the main tooth hole, and A is the angle between the axis of the hard insert 5 and the generatrix of the conical surface where it is located. This feature can estimate the wear amount of the conical surface of the pick body 1 according to variables such as the depth of the main tooth hole, the diameter of the hard insert 5, and the angle between the conical surface of the pick body 1 and the pick axis, and design the length of the hard insert 5 according to this value. If the length L is greater than the design range, the hard insert 5 will not be able to completely fill the wear area of ​​the pick body 1, resulting in the pick service life not reaching the ideal expectation.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, when a multi-circle staggered arrangement is adopted, the outer ring insert 4 can be not fully surrounded by the pick body 1 in addition to the above-mentioned installation method of being fully surrounded by the pick body 1. In the cross-sectional view direction of the outer ring hard insert 4, the pick body 1 wrapping arc length S satisfies the relationship S>1 / 2πd2, d2 is the outer ring insert diameter. When a single-circle surrounding arrangement is adopted, the hard insert 5 can be not fully surrounded by the pick body 1 in addition to the installation method of being fully surrounded by the pick body 1, and the wrapping arc length S also satisfies the above-mentioned relationship. This feature enables the outer ring hard insert 4 to adhere to the surface of the pick body 1, so that the pick can play a major anti-wear role in the rock breaking process. When the outer ring insert 4 is not fully surrounded in the installation method, if its wrapping arc length is ≤1 / 2πd2, the outer ring insert 4 will have the risk of falling.

[0039] See again Figure 5A mounting hole should be left on the conical surface of the pick body 1 for mounting the hard insert 5. The bottom surfaces of the mounting holes of the inner ring insert 3 and the outer ring insert 4 cannot be flush with the main tooth hole, otherwise the strength of the pick body 1 in this area will be reduced, increasing the risk of damage to the pick.

[0040] For the pick body 1 having multiple conical surfaces, subscripts are added in sequence starting from the pick tip to distinguish various geometric parameters.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] like Figure 3 The multi-insert reinforced pick shown in the figure has a pick body 1 with two conical surfaces, the angles between the generatrix of the two conical surfaces and the pick axis are θ1 = 60° and θ2 = 30°, the inner ring insert 3 and the outer ring insert 4 are respectively located on the two conical surfaces, and the gear ring diameter D where the inner ring insert 3 is located is S =36mm, the diameter of the inner ring insert 3 is d1=5mm, the diameter of the outer ring insert 4 is d2=6mm, the angle between the inner ring insert 3 and the conical surface is A1=65°, the angle between the outer ring insert 4 and the generatrix of the conical surface is A2=30°, the vertical height between the cutting edge vertex and the conical surface is h1=2mm, h2=2mm, the helix angle C=0°, the main tooth hole depth b=15.5mm, the length of the inner ring insert 3 is L1=20mm, the length of the outer ring insert 4 is L2=26mm, and the outer ring insert 4 is completely surrounded by the pick body 1. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that the hard insert 5 is staggeredly distributed on the conical surface of the pick body 1 in multiple circles, so that the aggressiveness of the conical surface of the entire pick body 1 is improved, and its exposed cutting edge can participate in auxiliary rock breaking operations. The entire hard insert 5 runs through the wear area of ​​the pick, so that the wear resistance of the pick is improved.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] like Figure 6 The multi-insert reinforced pick shown in the figure has a pick body 1 with two conical surfaces, the angles between the generatrix of the two conical surfaces and the pick axis are θ1 = 60° and θ2 = 30°, the inner ring insert 3 and the outer ring insert 4 are respectively located on the two conical surfaces, and the gear ring diameter D where the inner ring insert 3 is located is S=36mm, the diameter of the inner ring insert 3 is d1=5mm, the diameter of the outer ring insert 4 is d2=6mm, the angle between the inner ring insert 3 and the conical surface is A1=65°, the angle between the outer ring insert 4 and the generatrix of the conical surface is A2=30°, the vertical height between the apex of the cutting edge and the conical surface is h1=2mm, h2=2mm, the helix angle C=0°, the main tooth hole depth b=15.5mm, the length of the inner ring insert 3 is L1=20mm, the length of the outer ring insert 4 is L2=26mm, the outer ring insert 4 is not fully surrounded by the pick body 1, and the wrapped arc length S=11.3mm. The difference between this scheme and the first embodiment is that the outer ring insert 4 is not fully surrounded by the pick body 1. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that a large area of ​​the outer ring insert 4 is exposed on the conical surface of the pick body 1, so that the hard insert 4 mainly bears the anti-wear effect, so that the pick body 1 does not need to wear prematurely to ensure the cutting and rock breaking of the main teeth and the inner ring insert 3.

[0045] Embodiment 3

[0046] like Figure 8 The multi-insert reinforced pick shown in the figure has a pick body 1 with two conical surfaces, the angles between the generatrix of the two conical surfaces and the pick axis are θ1 = 60° and θ2 = 30°, the inner ring insert 3 and the outer ring insert 4 are respectively located on the two conical surfaces, and the gear ring diameter D where the inner ring insert 3 is located is S =36mm, the diameter of the inner ring insert 3 is d1=5mm, the diameter of the outer ring insert 4 is d2=6mm, the angle between the inner ring insert 3 and the conical surface is A1=65°, the angle between the outer ring insert 4 and the generatrix of the conical surface is A2=30°, the vertical height between the edge vertex and the conical surface is h1=2mm, h2=2mm, the helix angle C=10°, the main tooth hole depth b=15.5mm, the length of the inner ring insert 3 is L1=20mm, the length of the outer ring insert 4 is L2=26mm, and the outer ring insert 4 is completely surrounded by the pick body 1. The difference between this scheme and the above embodiment is that the hard insert 5 is arranged on the conical surface of the pick body 1 in a spiral winding manner. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that, during the process of assisting in rock breaking, a part of the force applied to the cutting edge of the hard insert 5 can be decomposed into a driving force for the pick to rotate, thereby driving the pick to rotate and reducing the risk of eccentric wear of the pick, while the force component in the other direction can assist in scraping and breaking the rock, increase the aggressiveness of the cone surface of the pick, and improve the efficiency of rock breaking and excavation.

[0047] Embodiment 4

[0048] like Fig. 9 The multi-insert reinforced pick shown in the figure has a pick body 1 with a conical surface, the angle between the conical surface generatrix and the pick axis is θ=30°, and the diameter D of the gear ring where the hard insert 5 is located is S=54mm, diameter of hard insert 5 d=10mm, angle A between hard insert 5 and conical surface=30°, vertical height between cutting edge vertex and conical surface h=5mm, helix angle C=0°, main tooth hole depth b=15.5mm, length L=35mm of hard insert 5, and hard insert 5 is not fully surrounded by pick body 1. The difference between this scheme and the above-mentioned embodiment is that the hard insert 5 is arranged on the conical surface of pick body 1 in a single circle. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that it can be applied to picks with smaller angles of conical surface of pick body 1 due to smaller main teeth 2. By not being fully surrounded by pick body 1, the smaller-sized pick conical surface can have higher aggressiveness and stronger wear resistance.

[0049] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection of the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-insert reinforced pick, comprising a pick body, a main tooth, and a plurality of hard cylindrical inserts, characterized in that: The main tooth is installed at the front end of the pick body. The pick body is conical and has one or more conical surfaces. The several hard cylindrical inserts are installed inside the conical surface of the pick body in a single circle or in multiple circles along the height direction of the pick tooth. The top cutting edge of the hard insert contour is exposed on the conical surface of the pick body. When the several hard cylindrical inserts form multiple tooth rings, they are divided into inner ring inserts and outer ring inserts, and the diameter of the inner ring insert is not greater than the diameter of the outer ring insert.

2. A multi-insert reinforced pick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical height h between the exposed contour edge vertex of the hard insert and the conical surface of the pick body is in the range of 0<h≤dcosA, d is the diameter of the hard insert, and A is the angle between the axis of the hard insert and the generatrix of the conical surface where it is located.

3. The multi-insert reinforced pick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring insert diameter d1 is in the range of d1≤0.2D S , D S It is the diameter of the conical gear ring where the hard insert is located.

4. The multi-insert reinforced pick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of hard inserts are arranged in a spiral winding along the axis of the pick body, and the helix angle C ranges from 0°≤C≤45°.

5. The multi-insert reinforced pick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle A between the axis of the hard insert and the generatrix of the conical surface of the pick body where it is located is in the range of θ≤A≤θ+10°, where θ is the angle between the generatrix of the conical surface where the hard insert is located and the central axis of the pick.

6. The multi-insert reinforced pick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length L of the hard insert is in the range of L≥(d-bsin(A-θ)) / tanA+bcos(A-θ), θ is the angle between the conical surface of the pick body where the hard insert is located and the pick axis, d is the diameter of the hard insert, b is the depth of the main tooth hole, and A is the angle between the axis of the hard insert and the generatrix of the conical surface where it is located.

7. The multi-insert reinforced pick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear ring is composed of a plurality of hard inserts, and the hard inserts are evenly arranged at equal intervals on the gear ring.

8. The multi-insert reinforced pick according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the hard insert constitutes a single-ring insert and an outer ring insert of a multi-ring insert, it may not be completely surrounded by the pick body. In the direction of the cross-sectional view of the hard insert, the pick body wraps an arc length S in the range of S>1 / 2πd2, where d2 is the diameter of the outer ring insert.

9. The multi-insert reinforced pick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone surface of the pick body is provided with a plurality of inner and outer ring mounting holes for mounting hard inserts, the bottom surface of the holes is not in the same plane with the bottom surface of the main teeth, and the bottom surface of the inner ring holes is not in the same plane with the bottom surface of the outer ring holes.

10. The multi-insert reinforced pick according to claim 9, characterized in that: The minimum spacing between the mounting holes is 3 mm, and the minimum spacing between the inner ring mounting holes and the main teeth is 5 mm.

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