Circulating air heating structure and fuel cell power supply

Abstract

The utility model discloses a circulating air heating structure and a fuel cell power supply, and belongs to the field of hydrogen energy application. Comprising a box body, a partition plate is arranged in the box body, and the box body is divided into a first cavity suitable for placing a fuel cell and a second cavity suitable for placing a hydrogen storage device; air inlets, ventilation openings and air outlets are respectively formed in the first side wall, close to the fuel cell, of the box body, the partition plate and the second side wall, close to the hydrogen storage device, of the box body, and the air outlets are annular through holes or a plurality of annularly distributed through holes. According to the utility model, the structure of the air outlet is designed, so that heat generated by the fuel cell can form internal circulation in the second cavity, the retention time of hot air in the second cavity is prolonged, and the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage device can absorb heat and release hydrogen. Reasonable configuration and dynamic balance of heat of the fuel cell and the hydrogen storage device are achieved, and waste heat of the fuel cell is effectively utilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of hydrogen energy application, in particular to a circulating wind heating structure and a fuel cell power supply. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, a fuel cell power source includes a fuel cell stack (for realizing the reaction between fuel gas and combustion-supporting gas), a control system (the control core of the fuel cell system, which can control the operation of the fuel cell system according to a built-in control program), a hydrogen storage device (providing hydrogen for the fuel cell) and auxiliary components (including various pipelines, pipe joints, valves, cables and other auxiliary accessories).

[0003] Among them, the hydrogen storage device generally uses solid-state hydrogen storage to achieve hydrogen storage. In order to increase the speed of hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen storage device can be appropriately heated. The fuel cell is an energy conversion device. Due to its own electrochemical reaction and the internal resistance of the battery, it will generate a certain amount of heat. Therefore, how to realize the air duct design between the hydrogen storage device and the fuel cell to fully utilize the heat is an issue that technicians in this field need to fully consider.

[0004] After searching, the prior utility model application (publication number CN114914470A) uses a fan (500) to guide air to flow from the air inlet to the air outlet, and passes through the fuel cell and the hydrogen storage device in sequence, so that the heat energy generated by the fuel cell is used to heat the hydrogen storage device, realizing energy recycling and improving the hydrogen release performance of the hydrogen storage device. However, since the hot air on the fuel cell side in the utility model directly flows into the hydrogen storage device and then directly discharged, it is impossible to reasonably allocate the heat of the fuel cell and the hydrogen storage device, it is difficult to achieve a dynamic balance between the two, and the waste heat of the fuel cell cannot be effectively utilized. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the above technical defects, the utility model provides a circulating air heating structure and a fuel cell power supply to solve the problems involved in the background technology.

[0006] The utility model provides a circulating air heating structure, comprising: a box body, a partition is arranged in the box body, and the box body is divided into a first cavity suitable for placing a fuel cell and a second cavity suitable for placing a hydrogen storage device; an air inlet, a vent and an air outlet are respectively arranged on a first side wall of the box body close to the fuel cell, the partition and a second side wall of the box body close to the hydrogen storage device, and the air outlet is a ring-shaped through hole or a plurality of through holes distributed in a ring shape.

[0007] Preferably or optionally, a fan is provided on the vent to guide the air in the first cavity to flow into the second cavity.

[0008] Preferably or optionally, the fan suction end is located at the exhaust gas discharge port of the fuel cell.

[0009] Preferably or optionally, the center point of the ventilation opening and the center point of the air outlet are located on or approximately on the same axis.

[0010] Preferably or optionally, the through hole of the air outlet is a baffle portion in a central area, and an outer contour of the baffle portion at least covers a projection of the air outlet on the second side wall.

[0011] Preferably or optionally, the ventilation area of ​​the ventilation opening is at least larger than the sum of the ventilation areas of the air outlets.

[0012] Preferably or optionally, the ventilation area of ​​the ventilation opening is 3 to 5 times the sum of the ventilation areas of the air outlets.

[0013] Preferably or optionally, a distribution shape of the multiple through holes of the air outlet is the same or substantially the same as a shape of an outer contour of the vent.

[0014] Preferably or optionally, a filter screen may be provided inside the air inlet.

[0015] The utility model also provides a fuel cell power supply, which comprises the circulating air heating structure.

[0016] The utility model relates to a circulating air heating structure and a fuel cell power supply. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the utility model designs the structure of the air outlet so that the heat generated by the fuel cell can form an internal circulation in the second cavity, thereby increasing the residence time of the hot air in the second cavity, which is beneficial for the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage device to absorb heat and release hydrogen. The reasonable configuration and dynamic balance of the heat of the fuel cell and the hydrogen storage device are achieved, so that the waste heat of the fuel cell can be effectively utilized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fuel cell power supply in the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the circulating air heating structure in the utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second side wall in the utility model.

[0020] The figures are marked as follows: 100, box body; 110, first side wall; 120, second side wall; 111, air inlet; 121, air outlet; 121a, through hole; 121b, baffle portion; 200, partition; 210, vent; 300, first cavity; 400, second cavity; 310, fuel cell; 410, hydrogen storage device; 500, fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In the following description, a large number of specific details are given to provide a more thorough understanding of the utility model. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the utility model can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the utility model, some technical features known in the art are not described.

[0022] See attached Figures 1 to 3 A circulating air heating structure comprises: a box body 100, in which a partition plate 200 is arranged to divide the box body 100 into a first cavity 300 suitable for placing a fuel cell 310 and a second cavity 400 suitable for placing a hydrogen storage device 410; the hydrogen storage device 410 is a solid-state hydrogen storage device, which is connected to the fuel cell 310 through a pipeline to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell 310; an air inlet 111, a vent 210 and an air outlet 121 are respectively arranged on a first side wall 110 of the box body 100 close to the fuel cell 310, the partition plate 200 and a second side wall 120 of the box body 100 close to the hydrogen storage device 410, and the air outlet 121 is an annular through hole or a plurality of through holes 121a distributed in an annular shape. By designing the structure of the air outlet 121, the heat generated by the fuel cell 310 can form an internal circulation in the second cavity 400, thereby increasing the residence time of the hot air in the second cavity 400, and facilitating the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage device 410 to absorb heat and release hydrogen. The heat of the fuel cell 310 and the hydrogen storage device 410 is reasonably configured and dynamically balanced, so that the waste heat of the fuel cell 310 can be effectively utilized.

[0023] Ideally, since there is a temperature difference between the first cavity 300 and the second cavity 400, the air heated by the fuel cell 310 will enter the second cavity 400 along the vent 210. In order to further improve the heat exchange efficiency between the fuel cell 310 and the hydrogen storage device 410, a fan 500 is provided on the vent 210 to guide the air in the first cavity 300 to flow into the second cavity 400. In addition, the air suction end of the fan 500 is located at the exhaust gas outlet of the fuel cell 310, guiding the external air into the fuel cell 310 and introducing the exhaust gas into the second cavity 400. Moreover, a small amount of water vapor is also carried in the gas discharged from the exhaust gas outlet. As the water vapor condenses and releases latent heat, the heat utilization rate of the fuel cell 310 can be further improved.

[0024] In further embodiments, see the attached Figure 2 , the center point of the vent 210 and the center point of the gas outlet 121 are located or approximately located on the same axis. The through hole 121a of the gas outlet 121 is a baffle portion 121b in the central area, and the outer contour of the baffle portion 121b at least covers the projection of the vent 210 on the second side wall 120. After passing through the hydrogen storage device 410, the hot air entering the vent 210 hits the baffle portion 121b and turns back to form an internal circulation in the second cavity 400, thereby enhancing the heat exchange effect and ensuring that the hydrogen storage device 410 obtains sufficient heat to promote the release of hydrogen.

[0025] In order to facilitate the fixing of the baffle portion 121b and the design of the ventilation area of ​​the air outlet 121, refer to the attached Figure 3 The air outlet 121 is preferably a plurality of through holes 121 a distributed in a ring shape, and the distribution shape of the plurality of through holes 121 a of the air outlet 121 is the same or substantially the same as the outer contour shape of the vent 210 .

[0026] In a further embodiment, the ventilation area of ​​the vent 210 is at least greater than the sum of the ventilation areas of the outlets 121. Preferably, the ventilation area of ​​the vent 210 is 3 to 5 times the sum of the ventilation areas of the outlets 121, and more preferably 4 to 5 times, so that the hot air can form an internal circulation in the second cavity 400 while ensuring the normal operation of the fuel cell 310. If the ratio is too large, the pressure inside the second cavity 400 will be too high, affecting the normal air intake of the fuel cell 310 and causing oxygen deficiency inside the fuel cell 310; if the ratio is too small, the hot air cannot form an internal circulation in the second cavity 400, and the waste heat of the fuel cell 310 cannot be effectively utilized.

[0027] In a further embodiment, a filter may be provided inside the air inlet 111. Air is sucked into the fuel cell stack 310 through the air inlet 111 by the fan 500, and impurities in the air are filtered out by the filter.

[0028] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the circulating air heating structure, its working principle is briefly described: the outside air enters the first cavity 300 through the air inlet 111, and is sucked into the fuel cell 310, participates in the redox reaction inside the fuel cell 310, and carries part of the reaction heat and the resistance heat inside the fuel cell 310, and is discharged from the exhaust port, enters the second cavity 400 along the vent 210, and exchanges heat with the hydrogen storage device 410. Since the air outlet 121 is an annular through hole or a plurality of through holes 121a distributed in an annular shape, most of the hot air cannot be directly discharged, so that the heat generated by the fuel cell 310 can form an internal circulation in the second cavity 400, which increases the residence time of the hot air in the second cavity 400, and is conducive to the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device 410 absorbing heat and releasing hydrogen. A reasonable configuration and dynamic balance of the heat of the fuel cell 310 and the hydrogen storage device 410 are achieved, so that the waste heat of the fuel cell 310 is effectively utilized.

[0029] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

Claims

1. A circulating air heating structure, characterized in that: include: A box (100) is provided with a partition (200) inside the box (100) to divide the box (100) into a first cavity (300) suitable for accommodating a fuel cell (310) and a second cavity (400) suitable for accommodating a hydrogen storage device (410); an air inlet (111), a vent (210) and an air outlet (121) are respectively provided on a first side wall (110) of the box (100) close to the fuel cell (310), the partition (200) and a second side wall (120) of the box (100) close to the hydrogen storage device (410), and the air outlet (121) is an annular through hole or a plurality of through holes (121a) distributed in an annular shape.

2. The circulating air heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vent (210) is provided with a fan (500) to guide the air in the first cavity (300) to flow into the second cavity (400).

3. The circulating air heating structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air suction end of the fan (500) is located at the tail gas discharge port of the fuel cell (310).

4. The circulating air heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center point of the ventilation opening (210) and the center point of the air outlet (121) are located on or approximately on the same axis.

5. The circulating air heating structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The through hole (121a) of the air outlet (121) has a central area that is a baffle portion (121b), and the outer contour of the baffle portion (121b) at least covers the projection of the ventilation opening (210) on the second side wall (120).

6. The circulating air heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation area of ​​the ventilation opening (210) is at least greater than the sum of the ventilation areas of the air outlets (121).

7. The circulating air heating structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ventilation area of ​​the ventilation opening (210) is 3 to 5 times the sum of the ventilation areas of the air outlets (121).

8. The circulating air heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution shape of the multiple through holes (121a) of the air outlet (121) is the same or substantially the same as the outer contour shape of the ventilation opening (210).

9. The circulating air heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen may be arranged inside the air inlet (111).

10. A fuel cell power source, characterized in that: It comprises the circulating air heating structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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