Fire retardant structure, battery box body, power battery system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fire retardant structure, a battery box body, a power battery system and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of transportation. An in-wall channel is formed in a metal box wall section of the fire retardant structure. The in-wall channel is provided with an inner side opening and an outer side opening, the inner side opening is used for being communicated with a containing cavity formed by the battery box body, the outer side opening is used for being communicated with the outer side of the battery box body, the center line of the inner side opening and the center line of the outer side opening are arranged at intervals, and the inner side opening and the outer side opening are used for being arranged on the same side of the containing cavity. When a battery cell accommodated in the corresponding battery box body is subjected to thermal runaway and high-temperature fluid such as smoke and flame is generated, the in-wall channel with the inner side opening and the outer side opening can guide the high-temperature fluid such as the smoke and the flame to flow outwards; the in-wall channel formed in the metal box wall section can make flames make contact with more metal surfaces, the flame temperature can be reduced or free radicals needed by the chain type combustion reaction can be eliminated, and the fire retardance success rate can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of transportation technology, and in particular to a fire-blocking structure, a battery box, a power battery system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] For vehicles such as electric vehicles, when the internal power battery system experiences thermal runaway, the large amount of smoke generated by the battery can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve. However, when the power battery system experiences thermal runaway, flames may still form, and the success rate of fire prevention of the power battery system needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this application is to propose a fire-blocking structure to help improve the success rate of fire blocking.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fire-blocking structure proposed in the present application includes a metal box wall segment, which is used to constitute at least a part of the box wall of the battery box, and the interior of the metal box wall segment forms an inner wall channel; the inner wall channel has an inner opening and an outer opening, the inner opening is used to communicate with the accommodating cavity formed by the battery box, and the outer opening is used to communicate with the outside of the battery box, the center line of the inner opening is spaced apart from the center line of the outer opening, and the inner opening and the outer opening are used to be arranged on the same side of the accommodating cavity.

[0005] Optionally, at least one metal partition is provided inside the metal box wall section, and the metal partition divides the inner wall channel into at least two inner wall sub-channels, and the inner opening communicates with at least two of the inner wall sub-channels.

[0006] Optionally, at least one of the metal partitions is provided with a first extension section; projected along the axial direction of the inner opening, the first extension section extends into the inner opening; the inner wall channel has a first channel width at the inner opening, the first extension section has a first partition width at the inner opening, and the first channel width and the first partition width are respectively arranged along the axial direction of the inner opening.

[0007] Optionally, at least two metal partitions are provided inside the metal box wall section, and the metal partitions are arranged at intervals to form an interval arrangement direction; among the two adjacent metal partitions, one of the metal partitions is provided with the first extension section, and the other metal partition is arranged outside the inner opening in the interval arrangement direction; and / or, the ratio of the first partition width to the first channel width is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1; and / or, the inner wall sub-channel connected to the inner opening has a channel sub-height, the direction of the channel sub-height is perpendicular to the direction of the first channel width, and the virtual plane formed by the channel sub-height and the first channel width is parallel to the virtual plane. In the axial direction of the inner opening, the ratio of the first channel width to the channel height is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.2; and / or, the inner wall channel has a channel height, the direction of the channel height is perpendicular to the direction of the first channel width, and the virtual plane formed by the channel height and the first channel width is parallel to the axial direction of the inner opening, and the ratio of the first channel width to the channel height is greater than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1.2; and / or, from the inner opening to the outer opening, the channel length of the inner wall channel is greater than or equal to 140 mm; and / or, the diameter of the envelope circle of the inner opening is greater than or equal to 40 mm.

[0008] Optionally, the outer opening is connected to at least two of the inner wall sub-channels, and the inner wall sub-channels connected to the inner openings are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the inner wall sub-channels connected to the outer openings.

[0009] Optionally, projected along the axial direction of the outer opening, the metal partition is arranged outside the boundary of the outer opening; or, at least two metal partitions are provided inside the metal box wall section, and the metal partitions are arranged at intervals and form an interval arrangement direction; among two adjacent metal partitions, one of the metal partitions intersects with the outer opening in the interval arrangement direction and its end is arranged outside the outer opening, wherein the other metal partition is arranged outside the outer opening in the interval arrangement direction; or, at least one metal partition has a second extension section; projected along the axial direction of the outer opening, the second extension section extends into the outer opening; the inner wall channel has a second channel width at the outer opening, the second extension section has a second partition width at the outer opening, the second channel width and the second partition width are respectively arranged along the axial direction of the outer opening, and the ratio of the second partition width to the second channel width is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.5.

[0010] Optionally, the metal box wall section is provided with a support arm on the side facing away from the accommodating cavity, and at least two metal partitions are provided inside the metal box wall section, and the metal partitions are arranged at intervals to form an interval arrangement direction; along the interval arrangement direction, at least one metal partition is arranged between the boundary of the inner opening and the support arm, and / or at least one metal partition is arranged between the boundary of the outer opening and the support arm; or, the metal box wall section is made of an integrally formed metal profile to form the inner wall channel; or, the metal box wall section includes a wall panel body and a first cover, and at least one of the wall panel body and the first cover or, the battery box body is made of metal, the edge of the first cover is connected to the wall panel body and forms the inner wall channel; one of the inner opening and the outer opening is arranged on the wall panel body, and the other of the inner opening and the outer opening is arranged on the first cover; or, a box explosion-proof valve is provided at the outer opening; or, the battery box body also includes a second cover covering the outer opening, and the second cover is provided with at least one third opening; or, along the extension direction of the inner wall channel, the inner wall channel includes a first channel section and a second channel section, and the first channel section and the second channel section are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner opening.

[0011] Optionally, along the extension direction of the inner wall channel, the third opening is arranged on the side of the second cover facing the inner opening; and / or, a cover cover inner cavity is formed between the second cover and the surface of the metal box wall segment, the cover cover inner cavity has an inner cavity width and an inner cavity height, the inner cavity width is arranged along the axial direction of the outer opening, the direction of the inner cavity height is perpendicular to the direction of the inner cavity width, and a virtual plane formed by the inner cavity width and the inner cavity height is parallel to the axial direction of the outer opening; the ratio of the inner cavity width to the inner cavity height is equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1; the cover cover inner cavity also has an inner cavity length, and the inner cavity length is greater than or equal to 140 mm.

[0012] The present application also proposes a battery case, which includes the above-mentioned fire-blocking structure, and the battery case is surrounded to form a receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity is used to receive the battery cell.

[0013] Optionally, the battery box includes a bottom plate and a top cover, and the battery box also includes a front frame, a rear frame, a left frame and a right frame connected in sequence, the front frame, the rear frame, the left frame and the right frame are respectively connected to the bottom plate, and the top cover is respectively connected to the front frame, the rear frame, the left frame and the right frame; at least one of the bottom plate, the top cover, the front frame, the rear frame, the left frame and the right frame is separately formed and provided with the metal box wall section.

[0014] The present application also proposes a power battery system, which includes a battery cell and the above-mentioned battery box.

[0015] Optionally, an installation gap is formed between the outer wall of the battery cell and the inner wall of the battery case, and the installation gap is connected to the inner opening; a core explosion-proof valve is provided at one end of the battery cell, and the installation gap is formed between the outer wall of the other end of the battery cell and the inner wall of the battery case.

[0016] The present application also proposes a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned power battery system.

[0017] The technical solution of the present application is to make the fire-blocking structure include a metal box wall section, and an inner wall channel is formed inside the metal box wall section; the inner wall channel has an inner opening and an outer opening, the inner opening is used to communicate with the accommodating cavity formed by the battery box, and the outer opening is used to communicate with the outside of the battery box, the center line of the inner opening is spaced apart from the center line of the outer opening, and the inner opening and the outer opening are used to be arranged on the same side of the accommodating cavity; when the battery cell accommodated in the corresponding battery box undergoes thermal runaway and generates high-temperature fluids such as smoke and flames, the inner wall channel with the inner opening and the outer opening can guide the high-temperature fluids such as smoke and flames to flow outward; the inner wall channel formed inside the metal box wall section can allow the flame to contact with more metal surfaces, which is beneficial to reducing the flame temperature or eliminating the free radicals required for the chain combustion reaction, which is beneficial to suppressing the spread of flames and preventing the flames from being discharged outward, and is beneficial to improving the success rate of fire blocking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of an embodiment of a power battery system of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of an embodiment of the power battery system of the present application from another perspective.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fire barrier structure of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fire barrier structure of the present application.

[0023] Figure 5It is a partial schematic diagram of another embodiment of the fire barrier structure of the present application.

[0024] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0025]

[0026] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0029] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0030] For vehicles such as electric vehicles, when the internal power battery system experiences thermal runaway, the large amount of smoke generated by the battery can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve. However, when the power battery system experiences thermal runaway, flames may still form, and the success rate of fire prevention of the power battery system needs to be improved.

[0031] Therefore, the present application proposes a fire-blocking structure to help improve the success rate of fire blocking.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present application, the fire barrier structure includes a metal box wall section 130, and the metal box wall section 130 is used to constitute at least a part of the box wall of the battery box 100. The battery box 100 is surrounded by a receiving cavity 101, and the receiving cavity 101 is used to receive the battery cell 200, and the battery cell 200 can be a square shell battery cell or a cylindrical battery cell. The battery box 100 can be configured to include a bottom plate 110, and the battery box 100 can also include a front frame 121, a rear frame 122, a left frame 123 and a right frame 124 connected in sequence, and the front frame 121, the rear frame 122, the left frame 123 and the right frame 124 are respectively connected to the bottom plate 110, for example, by welding, riveting, etc. The bottom plate 100 can be understood as a plate body usually located at the bottom when the battery box 100 is installed on a corresponding electric vehicle or other means of transportation. The front frame 121, the rear frame 122, the left frame 123 and the right frame 124 can be set to be located at the front, rear, left and right sides respectively relative to the driving direction of the corresponding electric vehicle or other means of transportation; of course, the positions of the front frame 121, the rear frame 122, the left frame 123 and the right frame 124 can also be positioned with reference to other preset horizontal directions, and this embodiment does not limit this. In addition, the battery box 100 can also include a top cover, which is respectively connected to the front frame 121, the rear frame 122, the left frame 123 and the right frame 124. It can be understood that the top cover covers the front frame 121, the rear frame 122, the left frame 123 and the right frame 124, so that the accommodating cavity 101 formed by the battery box 100 is covered.

[0033] Specifically, an inner wall channel 140 is formed inside the metal box wall section 130; the inner wall channel 140 has an inner opening 141 and an outer opening 142, the inner opening 141 is connected to the accommodating cavity 101 formed by the battery box body 100, and the outer opening 142 is connected to the outside of the battery box body 100. It can be understood that the outer opening 142 is used to communicate with the external space. Among them, at least one of the above-mentioned bottom plate 110, top cover, front frame 121, rear frame 122, left frame 123 and right frame 124 can be set to be separately formed and provided with a metal box wall section 130. It can be understood that the metal box wall section 130 can be set at at least one position of the upper side, lower side, front side, rear side, left side and right side of the corresponding battery box 100, and the corresponding parts of the metal box wall section 130 are separately formed, including the bottom plate 110, the front frame 121, the rear frame 122, the left frame 123 and the right frame 124. At least one of the front frame 121, the rear frame 122, the left frame 123 and the right frame 124 is separately formed and provided with a metal box wall section 130, etc.; separate forming can be understood as the frame can be separately manufactured and then connected to other frames or the bottom plate 110 by welding, riveting, bolting and other connection methods. For example, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the left frame 123 and the right frame 124 can be respectively provided with the metal box wall section 130 , and in addition, the left frame 123 and the right frame 124 can be respectively set to be separately molded.

[0034] In addition, for the above-mentioned inner wall channel 140, the center line of the inner opening 141 and the center line of the outer opening 142 are arranged at intervals, so that the inner wall channel 140 has a certain length in the direction from the center line of the inner opening 141 to the center line of the outer opening 142, thereby providing a certain length of metal surface to contact the flame; the inner opening 141 and the outer opening 142 are arranged on the same side of the accommodating cavity 101; for example, the inner opening 141 and the outer opening 142 can be arranged on the left side of the X-axis in the figure at the same time, for example, they are arranged on the above-mentioned left frame 123 at the same time; or the inner opening 141 and the outer opening 142 can be arranged on the right side of the X-axis in the figure at the same time, for example, they are arranged on the above-mentioned right frame 124 at the same time. Of course, the above-mentioned inner opening 141 and the outer opening 142 can also be arranged on the front side, rear side, upper side or lower side of the battery box 100 at the same time, and this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0035] In this embodiment, when the battery cell 200 contained in the corresponding battery case 100 undergoes thermal runaway and generates high-temperature fluids such as smoke and flames, the inner wall channel 140 having the inner opening 141 and the outer opening 142 can form a pressure relief channel to guide the high-temperature fluids such as smoke and flames to flow outward; the inner wall channel 140 formed inside the metal box wall section 130 can allow the flame to contact with more metal surfaces, which is beneficial to reduce the flame temperature or eliminate the free radicals required for the chain combustion reaction, which is beneficial to inhibit the spread of the flame and prevent the flame from being discharged outward, and is beneficial to improve the success rate of fire prevention. In addition, the inner opening 141 and the outer opening 142 are used to be arranged on the same side of the accommodating cavity 101, which is beneficial to allow the flame to contact with more metal surfaces while reducing the flow resistance caused by the frame corner and other structures to the high-temperature fluid, thereby improving the success rate of fire prevention while reducing the internal pressure of the battery case 100 during thermal runaway.

[0036] When the vehicle corresponding to the battery box 100 is set as an electric flying car, the battery cell 200 contained in the battery box 100 corresponding to the fire-blocking structure generally has a higher power density, so the fire-blocking structure requires a higher fire-blocking success rate. Figure 3 At least one metal partition 143 is disposed inside the metal box wall section 130. The metal partition 143 divides the inner wall channel 140 into at least two inner wall sub-channels 144, and the inner opening 141 communicates with at least two inner wall sub-channels 144. Figure 3 In the embodiment, three metal partitions 143 are provided inside the metal box wall section 130, thereby dividing the inner wall channel 140 into at least four inner wall sub-channels 144. Of course, one, two, four or more metal partitions 143 may also be provided, and this embodiment is not limited thereto. Among them, the metal box wall section 130 with the metal partition 143 may be made of an integrally formed metal profile to form the inner wall channel 140, for example, made of an aluminum profile, an aluminum alloy profile, a steel material, etc. to form the inner wall channel 140. Of course, the metal partition 143 may also be connected to the inner wall surface of the inner wall channel 140 by welding or other connection methods.

[0037] In this embodiment, at least one metal partition 143 is provided inside the metal box wall section 130, which can utilize the surface area of ​​the metal partition 143 to allow the flame to contact more metal surfaces, which is more conducive to reducing the flame temperature or eliminating the free radicals required for the chain combustion reaction, and is more conducive to inhibiting the spread of flames and preventing the flames from being discharged outward, which is conducive to further improving the success rate of fire prevention.

[0038] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 , at least one metal partition 143 is provided with a first extension section 145; projected along the axial direction of the inner opening 141, for example, along Figure 3The flame or smoke in the projected flow direction at the inner opening 141, the first extension section 145 extends into the inner opening 141. It can be understood that along Figure 3 The flame or smoke in the battery box 100 is observed in the flow direction of the inner opening 141, and the first extension section 145 is exposed in the inner opening 141. When the battery cell 200 in the battery box 100 has thermal runaway and generates flames, the flame is usually at a higher temperature at the upstream position in the flow direction. In this embodiment, at least one metal partition 143 is provided with a first extension section 145, and the first extension section 145 can reduce the flame temperature or eliminate the free radicals required for the chain combustion reaction at the inner opening 141 as the entrance of the inner wall channel 140, thereby being more conducive to improving the success rate of fire prevention.

[0039] Further, refer to Figure 3 , at least two metal partitions 143 can be provided inside the metal box wall section 130. For example, three metal partitions 143 are provided as shown in the figure, and the metal partitions 143 are arranged at intervals to form an interval arrangement direction; Figure 3 , and the spacing arrangement direction is along the Z direction in the figure. Among two adjacent metal partitions 143, for example, the two metal partitions 143 on the lower side in the figure, one of the metal partitions 143 (for example, the metal partition 143 on the lower side in the figure) is provided with a first extension section 145; wherein the other metal partition 143 (for example, the middle metal partition 143 in the figure) is arranged outside the inner opening 141 in the spacing arrangement direction; for example, along the Z direction in the figure, the middle metal partition 143 is on the upper side of the inner opening 141. The metal partition 143 is arranged outside the inner opening 141, which can be understood as the metal partition 143 not entering the inner opening 141, including the metal partition 143 being adjacent to the edge of the inner opening 141, and there is a gap between the metal partition 143 and the boundary of the inner opening 141. In this embodiment, the inner wall sub-channel 144 of at least one metal partition 143 away from the inner opening 141 can be used to store or pass air, liquid and other fluids instead of passing high-temperature fluids such as flames and smoke, thereby dissipating the heat of the metal partition 143 and the metal box wall section 130, which is more conducive to reducing the flame temperature and further improving the success rate of fire prevention.

[0040] Further, refer to Figure 3, the inner wall channel 140 has a first channel width W1 at the inner opening 141, and the first extension section 145 has a first baffle width W2 at the inner opening 141; the first channel width and the first baffle width are respectively arranged along the axial direction of the inner opening 141, for example, along the flow direction of the flame or smoke in the figure, or along the Y direction in the figure; the ratio of the first baffle width W2 to the first channel width W1 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1, so that the first extension section 145 has a larger width and increases the metal contact area of ​​the flame, further improving the success rate of fire prevention. For example Figure 3 The ratio of the first partition width W2 to the first channel width W1 is set to 1, which can be understood as the first partition width W2 being equal to the first channel width W1. Of course, the ratio of the first partition width W2 to the first channel width W1 can also be set to 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 or 0.9, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0041] In some embodiments, the metal partition 143 divides the inner wall channel 140 into at least two independent inner wall sub-channels 144, for example, the two sides of the metal partition 143 are respectively connected to the side walls of the inner wall channel 140. The inner wall sub-channel 144 connected to the inner opening 141 has a channel sub-height H1, the direction of the channel sub-height H1 is perpendicular to the direction of the first channel width W1, the virtual plane formed by the channel sub-height H1 and the first channel width W1 (refer to the YZ plane in the figure) is parallel to the axial direction of the inner opening (refer to the Y direction in the figure), and the ratio of the first channel width W1 to the channel sub-height H1 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.2, so that the high-temperature fluid can contact more metal area in the inner wall sub-channel 144, thereby further improving the success rate of fire retardation. For example, the ratio can be set to be greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1, including setting the ratio to 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, etc.

[0042] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned wall sub-channels 144 can be connected or the metal partition 143 can be not provided, for example, only one side of the metal partition 143 is connected to the side wall of the wall channel 140. The wall channel 140 has a channel height H0, the direction of the channel height H0 is perpendicular to the direction of the first channel width W1, and the virtual plane formed by the channel height H0 and the first channel width W1 (refer to Figure 3 The YZ plane) is parallel to the axial direction of the inner opening 141 (refer to Figure 3In the Y direction), the ratio of the first channel width W1 to the channel height H0 is greater than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1.2, so that the high-temperature fluid can contact more metal areas in the wall channel 140, thereby further improving the fire-blocking success rate. For example, the ratio can be set to be greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1, including setting the ratio to 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, etc.

[0043] In some embodiments, the channel length of the inner wall channel 140 from the inner opening 141 to the outer opening 142 is greater than or equal to 140 mm, which can be understood as the distance from the inner opening 141 to the outer opening 142 along the extension direction of the inner wall channel 140 is greater than or equal to 140 mm, for example, set to 140 mm, 145 mm, 150 mm, 160 mm, etc., so that the high-temperature fluid can contact more metal area in the inner wall channel 140, thereby further improving the success rate of fire retardation. It can be understood that when the inner wall channel 140 is set to an arc, the above channel length can be understood as the arc length of the arc.

[0044] In some embodiments, the diameter of the envelope circle of the inner opening 141 is greater than or equal to 40 mm, for example, set to 40 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm, 55 mm, etc., thereby increasing the efficiency of high-temperature fluid discharge to the outside while improving the success rate of fire prevention, so as to reduce the pressure inside the battery box 100 during thermal runaway.

[0045] In addition, in some embodiments, reference Figure 3 , along the extension direction of the inner wall channel 140, for example, along the X direction in the figure, the inner wall channel 140 includes a first channel section 146 and a second channel section 147, and the first channel section 146 and the second channel section 147 are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner opening 141; it can be understood that part of the inner wall channel 140 is arranged on both sides of the inner opening 141 along the extension direction. In this embodiment, along the extension direction of the inner wall channel 140, the channel section on one side of the inner opening 141 (for example, the second channel section 147 in the figure) can guide high-temperature fluids such as smoke and flames to flow outward, and the channel section on the other side of the inner opening 141 (for example, the first channel section 146 in the figure) can temporarily accommodate part of the flame, and reduce the temperature of this part of the flame or eliminate the free radicals required for the chain combustion reaction of this part of the flame, so as to further improve the success rate of fire prevention.

[0046] In the downstream of the flow direction of high-temperature fluids such as smoke, the flame is usually extinguished. At this time, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of high-temperature fluid discharge to the outside to reduce the pressure inside the battery box 100 during thermal runaway. Figure 3The outer opening 142 is connected to at least two inner wall sub-channels 144, and the inner wall sub-channels 144 connected to the inner opening 141 are arranged one by one with the inner wall sub-channels 144 connected to the outer opening 142, so that the high-temperature fluid flowing in through the inner opening 141 can be discharged to the outside more quickly, so as to quickly reduce the pressure inside the battery box 100 during thermal runaway.

[0047] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 , projected along the axial direction of the outer opening 142, the metal partition 143 can be arranged outside the boundary of the outer opening 142, so as to further enable the high-temperature fluid flowing in through the inner opening 141 to be discharged outward more quickly, so as to more quickly reduce the pressure inside the battery box 100 when thermal runaway occurs. For example, referring to Figure 3 , the metal partition 143 is separated at the outer opening 142; or the envelope of the metal partition 143 is projected along the axial direction of the outer opening 142, and the outer opening 142 is outside the outer opening 142; for example, at least two metal partitions 143 are arranged inside the metal box wall section 130, and the metal partitions 143 are arranged at intervals and form an interval arrangement direction (refer to Figure 3 In the Z direction), among two adjacent metal partitions 143, one of the metal partitions 143 is arranged in the above-mentioned spacing direction (refer to Figure 3 The metal partition plate 143 intersects with the outer opening 142 in the Z direction and the end portion is arranged outside the outer opening 142, wherein another metal partition plate 143 is arranged outside the outer opening 142 in the spacing arrangement direction.

[0048] Of course, it can also be set that at least one metal partition 143 has a second extension section (not shown in the figure); projected along the axial direction of the outer opening 142, the second extension section extends into the outer opening 142; it can be understood that, observed in the opposite direction of the flow direction of the flame or smoke at the outer opening 142, the second extension section is exposed in the outer opening 142. Among them, the inner wall channel 140 has a second channel width at the outer opening 142, the second extension section has a second partition width at the outer opening 142, the second channel width and the second partition width are respectively set along the axial direction of the outer opening 142, and the ratio of the second partition width to the second channel width is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.5, for example, the ratio of the second partition width to the second channel width is set to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 or 0.5. It can be understood that the width of the second extension section is relatively small, so that the high-temperature fluid flowing in through the inner opening 141 can be discharged outward faster, so as to more quickly reduce the pressure inside the battery box 100 during thermal runaway.

[0049] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The metal box wall section 130 is provided with a support arm 150 on one side facing away from the accommodating cavity 101, for example, both ends of the Y direction in the figure are provided with a support arm 150. The support arm 150 is used to connect with the chassis of a vehicle such as an electric car, and the connection between the support arm 150 and the metal box wall section 130 usually requires a higher structural strength to improve the connection stability.

[0050] Reference Figure 3 At least two metal partitions 143 are provided inside the metal box wall section 130. The metal partitions 143 are arranged at intervals and form an interval arrangement direction (refer to the Z direction in the figure); along the interval arrangement direction, for example, along Figure 3 In the Z direction, at least one metal partition 143 is disposed between the boundary of the inner opening 141 and the support arm 150, for example Figure 3 The two uppermost metal partitions 143 are disposed between the boundary of the inner opening 141 and the support arm 150; and / or at least one metal partition 143 is disposed between the boundary of the outer opening 142 and the support arm 150, for example Figure 3 The two uppermost metal partitions 143 are arranged between the boundary of the outer opening 142 and the support arm 150. It is understandable that the metal box wall section 130 has a position where the inner opening 141 or the outer opening 142 is opened, and its structural strength is reduced. At this time, by setting at least one metal partition 143 between the boundary of the inner opening 141 and the support arm 150, and / or setting at least one metal partition 143 between the boundary of the outer opening 142 and the support arm 150, while improving the success rate of fire prevention, it is beneficial to improve the structural strength of the connection between the support arm 150 and the metal box wall section 130, which is more conducive to ensuring the structural stability of the battery box 100 in a high temperature environment such as thermal runaway, and is conducive to reducing the risk of the battery box 100 exploding and damaging the vehicle or the human body in a high temperature environment such as thermal runaway.

[0051] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 or Figure 4 , a box explosion-proof valve 160 may also be provided at the outer opening 142. The box explosion-proof valve 160 is provided with a local thinning structure. When the internal pressure of the battery box 100 increases to a certain level, the local thinning structure of the box explosion-proof valve 160 will burst first, thereby avoiding excessive internal pressure in the battery box 100. Under normal use conditions, the box explosion-proof valve 160 can improve the airtightness of the battery box 100 and reduce the risk of foreign matter entering the battery box 100.

[0052] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4, the battery case 100 may also include a second cover 170 covering the outer opening 142, and at least one third opening 171 is provided on the second cover 170. In this embodiment, the second cover 170 can be used for fire prevention at the outer opening 142; it can be understood that if there is residual flame spreading from the outer opening 142, the second cover 170 can suppress these residual flames, thereby further improving the overall fire prevention success rate. Among them, the second cover 170 can be made of metal materials such as aluminum and steel, which is more conducive to reducing the flame temperature or eliminating the free radicals required for the chain combustion reaction, which is conducive to further improving the fire prevention success rate. Among them, the second cover 170 can be formed by bending, stamping, etc., so that after forming, it can be enclosed together with the metal box wall section 130 to form the above-mentioned third opening 171.

[0053] Among them, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 Along the extension direction of the inner wall channel 140, the third opening 171 is arranged on the side of the second cover 170 facing the inner opening 141, so that the high-temperature fluid is discharged from the outer opening 142 and flows toward the inner opening 141, thereby shortening the overall length of the flow path of the high-temperature fluid and reducing the risk of the high-temperature fluid scalding parts or human bodies at other locations.

[0054] In addition, a cover inner cavity is formed between the second cover 170 and the surface of the metal box wall section 130. The cover inner cavity has an inner cavity width W3 and an inner cavity height H2. The inner cavity width W3 is arranged along the axial direction of the outer opening 142. For example, the inner cavity width W3 is arranged along the axial direction of the outer opening 142. Figure 4 The Y direction of the inner cavity is set, and the direction of the inner cavity height H2 is perpendicular to the direction of the inner cavity width. For example, the inner cavity height H2 is along Figure 4 The virtual plane formed by the inner cavity width W3 and the inner cavity height H2 (the YZ plane in the inflow diagram) is parallel to the axial direction of the outer opening 142 (for example, the Y direction in the diagram); the ratio of the inner cavity width W3 to the inner cavity height H2 is equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1, so that the high-temperature fluid can contact more metal area in the inner cavity of the cover, thereby further improving the success rate of fire retardation. For example, the ratio can be set to 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, etc.

[0055] The inner cavity of the cover also has an inner cavity length L, which is greater than or equal to 140 mm, for example, 140 mm, 145 mm, 150 mm, 160 mm, etc., so that the high-temperature fluid can contact more metal areas in the inner cavity of the cover, thereby further improving the success rate of fire retardation. According to the directions of the inner cavity width W3 and the inner cavity height H2, it can be known that the inner cavity length L is set along the extension direction of the inner wall channel 140.

[0056] Reference Figure 5In some alternative embodiments, the metal box wall section 130 may be configured to include a wall panel body 131 and a first cover 132, at least one of which is made of metal and forms the above-mentioned inner wall channel 140, for example, the wall panel body 131 is made of metal, or the first cover 132 is made of metal, or the wall panel body 131 and the first cover 132 are both made of metal. The edge of the first cover 132 is connected to the wall panel body 131, for example, by welding, riveting, bolting, etc. One of the inner opening 141 and the outer opening 142 is provided on the wall panel body 131, and the other of the inner opening 141 and the outer opening 142 is provided on the first cover 132; for example Figure 5 In the embodiment, the inner opening 141 is arranged on the wall plate body 131, and the outer opening 142 is arranged on the first cover 132; of course, the outer opening 142 may also be arranged on the wall plate body 131, and the inner opening 141 is arranged on the first cover 132, and this embodiment is not limited to this. In this embodiment, since the overall manufacturing cost of the wall plate body 131 as a plate is lower than that of the profile, part or the whole of the battery box 100 can be formed by the wall plate body 131, and then combined with the first cover 132 to form the above-mentioned inner wall channel 140, so as to improve the success rate of fire prevention while reducing material costs.

[0057] The present application also proposes a battery case 100 , which includes the above-mentioned fire-blocking structure. The battery case 100 is surrounded to form a receiving cavity 101 , and the receiving cavity 101 is used to receive the battery cell 200 .

[0058] The present application also proposes a power battery system, which includes a battery cell 200 and the battery box 100 described above.

[0059] In some embodiments, an installation gap is formed between the outer wall of the battery cell 200 and the inner wall of the battery case 100 , and the installation gap is connected to the inner opening 141 , thereby facilitating the discharge of high-temperature fluids such as flames and smoke.

[0060] In some embodiments, a core explosion-proof valve is provided at one end of the battery cell 200, and the above-mentioned installation gap is formed between the outer wall of the other end of the battery cell 200 and the inner wall of the battery box 100. In this embodiment, it is helpful to reduce the risk of blocking the above-mentioned inner opening 141 after the core explosion-proof valve explodes, which is helpful to improve the smoothness of pressure relief of the power battery system.

[0061] The present application also proposes a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned power battery system. The vehicle can be an electric land vehicle or an electric flying vehicle; or the vehicle can include both an electric land vehicle and an electric flying vehicle, wherein the electric flying vehicle can be detachably mounted on the electric land vehicle.

[0062] It is understandable that since the battery box, power battery system, and vehicle adopt all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, they at least have all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present application, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fire-blocking structure, characterized in that: The fire-blocking structure includes a metal box wall segment, which is used to constitute at least a part of the box wall of the battery box, and the interior of the metal box wall segment forms an inner wall channel; the inner wall channel has an inner opening and an outer opening, the inner opening is used to communicate with the accommodating cavity formed by the battery box, and the outer opening is used to communicate with the outside of the battery box, the center line of the inner opening is spaced apart from the center line of the outer opening, and the inner opening and the outer opening are used to be arranged on the same side of the accommodating cavity.

2. The fire-blocking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one metal partition is arranged inside the metal box wall section, and the metal partition divides the inner wall channel into at least two inner wall sub-channels, and the inner opening is connected to at least two of the inner wall sub-channels.

3. The fire-blocking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one of the metal partitions is provided with a first extension section; projected along the axial direction of the inner opening, the first extension section extends into the inner opening; the inner wall channel has a first channel width at the inner opening, the first extension section has a first partition width at the inner opening, and the first channel width and the first partition width are respectively arranged along the axial direction of the inner opening.

4. The fire-blocking structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least two metal partitions are provided inside the metal box wall section, and the metal partitions are arranged at intervals and form an interval arrangement direction; among two adjacent metal partitions, one of the metal partitions is provided with the first extension section, and the other metal partition is arranged outside the inner opening in the interval arrangement direction; and / or, The ratio of the first partition width to the first channel width is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1; and / or, The inner wall sub-channel connected to the inner opening has a channel sub-height, the direction of the channel sub-height is perpendicular to the direction of the first channel width, a virtual plane formed by the channel sub-height and the first channel width is parallel to the axial direction of the inner opening, and the ratio of the first channel width to the channel sub-height is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.2; and / or, The inner wall channel has a channel height, the direction of the channel height is perpendicular to the direction of the first channel width, and a virtual plane formed by the channel height and the first channel width is parallel to the axial direction of the inner opening, and the ratio of the first channel width to the channel height is greater than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1.2; and / or, The length of the channel in the wall from the inner opening to the outer opening is greater than or equal to 140 mm; and / or, The diameter of the envelope circle of the inner opening is greater than or equal to 40 mm.

5. The fire-blocking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer opening is connected to at least two of the inner wall sub-channels, and the inner wall sub-channels connected to the inner openings are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the inner wall sub-channels connected to the outer openings.

6. The fire-blocking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Projected along the axial direction of the outer opening, the metal partition is arranged outside the boundary of the outer opening; or, At least two metal partitions are arranged inside the metal box wall section, and the metal partitions are arranged at intervals to form an interval arrangement direction; among two adjacent metal partitions, one of the metal partitions intersects with the outer opening in the interval arrangement direction and its end is arranged outside the outer opening, and the other metal partition is arranged outside the outer opening in the interval arrangement direction; or, At least one of the metal partitions has a second extension section; projected along the axial direction of the outer opening, the second extension section extends into the outer opening; The inner wall channel has a second channel width at the outer opening, the second extension section has a second partition width at the outer opening, the second channel width and the second partition width are respectively arranged along the axial direction of the outer opening, and the ratio of the second partition width to the second channel width is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.

5.

7. The fire-blocking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal box wall section is provided with a support arm on the side facing away from the accommodating cavity, and at least two metal partitions are provided inside the metal box wall section, and the metal partitions are arranged at intervals to form an interval arrangement direction; along the interval arrangement direction, at least one metal partition is arranged between the boundary of the inner opening and the support arm, and / or at least one metal partition is arranged between the boundary of the outer opening and the support arm; or, The metal box wall section is made of an integrally formed metal profile to form the inner wall channel; or, The metal box wall section comprises a wall panel body and a first cover, at least one of the wall panel body and the first cover is made of metal, and the edge of the first cover is connected to the wall panel body to form the inner wall channel; one of the inner opening and the outer opening is arranged on the wall panel body, and the other of the inner opening and the outer opening is arranged on the first cover; or, The outer opening is provided with a box explosion-proof valve; or, The battery box further comprises a second cover covering the outer opening, and the second cover is provided with at least one third opening; or, Along the extension direction of the inner-wall channel, the inner-wall channel includes a first channel section and a second channel section, and the first channel section and the second channel section are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner opening.

8. The fire-blocking structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: Along the extension direction of the inner wall channel, the third opening is arranged on a side of the second cover facing the inner opening; and / or, A cover inner cavity is formed between the second cover and the surface of the metal box wall section, and the cover inner cavity has an inner cavity width and an inner cavity height. The inner cavity width is set along the axial direction of the outer opening, and the direction of the inner cavity height is perpendicular to the direction of the inner cavity width. A virtual plane formed by the inner cavity width and the inner cavity height is parallel to the axial direction of the outer opening; the ratio of the inner cavity width to the inner cavity height is equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1; the cover inner cavity also has an inner cavity length, and the inner cavity length is greater than or equal to 140 mm.

9. A battery box, characterized in that: The battery case includes the fire barrier structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the battery case is enclosed to form a receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity is used to receive the battery cell.

10. The battery case according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery box body includes a bottom plate and a top cover, and the battery box body also includes a front frame, a rear frame, a left frame and a right frame connected in sequence, the front frame, the rear frame, the left frame and the right frame are respectively connected to the bottom plate, and the top cover is respectively connected to the front frame, the rear frame, the left frame and the right frame; at least one of the bottom plate, the top cover, the front frame, the rear frame, the left frame and the right frame is separately formed and provided with the metal box wall section.

11. A power battery system, characterized in that: The power battery system comprises a battery cell and a battery box as described in claim 9 or 10.

12. The power battery system according to claim 11, characterized in that: An installation gap is formed between the outer wall of the battery cell and the inner wall of the battery box, and the installation gap is communicated with the inner opening; One end of the battery core is provided with a core explosion-proof valve, and the installation gap is formed between the outer side wall of the other end of the battery core and the inner side wall of the battery box.

13. A means of transport, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the power battery system as claimed in claim 11 or 12.

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