Intravascular stent
By designing a vascular stent composed of a "W"-shaped connection, the problem of axial shortening rate of vascular stents in the prior art during the expansion process is solved, and a more accurate judgment of the stent expansion status and a lower risk of branched vascular damage is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421203683.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-29
AI Technical Summary
The existing vascular stent has a high axial shortening rate during the dilation process, which makes it difficult for clinicians to judge the dilated status of the stent after balloon withdrawal, and may damage the branched blood vessels on the side.
A vascular stent is designed, which consists of several supporting rings connected to the left and right. The support ring is connected by a "W"-shaped connector, which expands under the action of the balloon to reduce the axial shortening rate.
By reducing the axial shortening rate of vascular stents, the convenience of clinicians in determining the stent dilated status is improved, and the risk of damaging branch blood vessels is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN222676543U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of cardiology vascular stents, in particular to a vascular stent. Background Art
[0002] In the treatment of coronary artery stenosis and occlusion or acute myocardial infarction in cardiovascular diseases, vascular stents are used. When using vascular stents, taking the treatment of coronary artery stenosis and occlusion as an example, first, the femoral artery, radial artery or brachial artery is selected for puncture and a catheter is inserted; then, contrast agent is injected through the catheter to observe the stenosis of the coronary artery and determine the location and degree of the lesion; then, a guide wire is sent along the catheter to the stenosis of the coronary artery; secondly, a balloon catheter is sent through the guide wire to the stenosis to pre-dilate the lesion, which can sometimes improve the permeability of the blood vessel; thirdly, a suitable stent (bare metal stent, drug-eluting stent or bioresorbable stent) is selected, sent along the guide wire and placed at the stenosis; then, a high-pressure balloon is used to expand the stent to ensure that the stent is fully opened and fits the blood vessel wall; finally, when the position of the vascular stent and the patency of the blood vessel are good, the catheter and guide wire are gradually withdrawn; the purpose of supporting the stenotic and occluded segment of the blood vessel, reducing the elastic retraction and reshaping of the blood vessel, and maintaining smooth blood flow in the lumen is achieved by inserting an internal stent in the lesion segment.
[0003] During the process of balloon expansion of the vascular stent, the radial direction of the stent will gradually increase. When the radial direction of the stent increases, the axial direction of the stent will also shorten to a certain extent. If the axial shortening of the stent after implantation is large, a longer stent should be expected before implantation. When a longer stent is used, it may cause damage to the side branch vessels. Therefore, reducing the axial shortening rate of the stent is more conducive to clinical physicians to judge the expansion state of the stent after the balloon is withdrawn. As shown in the figure of the specification Figure 4 As shown, most of the stents in the prior art are composed of a plurality of "V"-shaped structures in a wavy shape. During the expansion process, the stent with this structure has a large axial shortening rate as the radial direction gradually increases. Therefore, it is not convenient to reduce the axial shortening rate, and it is not convenient for clinical physicians to judge the expansion state of the stent after the balloon is withdrawn. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a blood vessel stent, which can reduce the axial shortening rate of the blood vessel stent after expansion as much as possible.
[0005] The vascular stent comprises a plurality of support rings which are interconnected on the left and right sides, and the plurality of support rings are arranged in sequence from left to right, and each two adjacent support rings are connected together by a connecting assembly, and the support rings are composed of a plurality of connecting parts, and the connecting parts include a first connecting rod with a "<"-shaped structure, and a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod with a columnar structure; the second connecting rod is fixed at one end of the first connecting rod, and the third connecting rod is fixed at the other end of the first connecting rod; a "W" structure is formed between the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod; the angle formed by the first connecting rod is θ1; the angle formed between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is θ2; the angle formed between the first connecting rod and the third connecting rod is θ3; in the initial state, the angle of θ1 is 0 degrees.
[0006] Furthermore, the diameter of the support ring after expansion is 2.25 mm-5 mm.
[0007] Furthermore, the connecting component is a supporting member, and the supporting member is fixed between two adjacent connecting members.
[0008] Furthermore, the number of support members between every two adjacent support rings is 3-6.
[0009] Furthermore, the support member is a columnar structure, and a spiral section is provided along the length direction of the support member.
[0010] Furthermore, the angles of θ2 and θ3 are the same.
[0011] Furthermore, the support ring is made of cobalt alloy, nickel-titanium alloy or stainless steel.
[0012] Furthermore, the connection component is made of cobalt alloy, nickel-titanium alloy or stainless steel.
[0013] Furthermore, the connecting piece is provided with a plurality of developing blocks for conveniently observing its direction and position in the blood vessel.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0015] The utility model adopts a "W"-shaped design for the connecting piece, and in the initial state of the connecting piece, θ1 thereon is 0 degrees. Therefore, when the connecting piece is expanded under the action of the balloon, its radial length can be increased. Then, when the thickness of the blood vessel remains unchanged, its axial shortening rate can be reduced compared with the "V"-shaped vascular stent in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the expanded structure;
[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle connecting piece;
[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the prior art structure;
[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connector in the initial state (not expanded);
[0021] Figure 6 The utility model is compared with the prior art.
[0022] The names of the components in the figure are: 1. Connecting member 1.1, first connecting rod 1.2, second connecting rod 1.3, third connecting rod 2, supporting member 3, developing block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The present invention is further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
[0024] Example
[0025] A vascular stent described in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a plurality of support rings that are connected to each other on the left and right, and the plurality of support rings are arranged in sequence from left to right; each two adjacent support rings are connected together by a connecting assembly, and the support ring is composed of a plurality of connecting members 1; the connecting assembly is a support member 2, and the support member 2 is fixed between two adjacent connecting members 1; the sizes of the support rings are consistent, because the support ring is composed of a plurality of connecting members 1, the support ring is a ring structure spliced by a plurality of connecting members 1; when the support member 2 is specifically fixed, because a plurality of groups of support rings are provided, and the support member 2 is located between each two adjacent groups of support rings, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 The support ring 2 is in the middle position, so one end of the support member 2 is fixed to any connector 1 of the left support ring, and the other end of the support member 2 is fixed to any connector 1 of the right support ring, and then all the support rings can be fixed together through the connection assembly. When all the support rings are fixed, all the support rings form a tubular structure; when in use, several support rings connected together are placed at the position of the vascular lesion through the balloon, and the outer wall of the support ring is attached to the blood vessel wall, and blood flows through the inside of the support ring;
[0026] In a specific implementation process, the support member 2 in the connection assembly may be in a "I"-shaped structure or an "S"-shaped structure;
[0027] The number of support members 2 between each two adjacent support rings is 3-6, and preferably, several support members 2 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the support ring; therefore, they are arranged at equal intervals along the several connecting members 1 constituting the support ring, and the connection between each two adjacent groups of support rings is more stable through the above-mentioned number restriction; the number of support members 2 can be selected from 3, 4, 5, 6 or any value between 3-6; if the number of support members 2 is less than 3, it may cause the connection between each two adjacent groups of support rings to be not stable enough, and if the number of support members 2 is greater than 6, it will lead to a waste of resources, and when the support ring is implanted in the blood vessel, when facing a curved blood vessel, the support ring needs to bend, and too many support members 2 will cause the strength between each two adjacent groups of support rings to be too hard, and at this time, if the number is greater than 6, it may cause the support ring to have reduced bending performance;
[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the support member 2 is a columnar structure, and a spiral section is provided along the length direction of the support member 2, and the spiral section is a curved structure like a spring; in the current prior art, Figure 4 As shown, the support member 2 is a straight structure, so the support ring and the support member 2 in the prior art are prone to collapse when they are bent, which will cause the gap between the support ring, the support member 2 and the blood vessel wall to become larger, and the thrombus is easy to escape; after the bend is completed, the vascular stent in the prior art is prone to collapse and deformation; at this time, the design of the spiral section on the support member 2 in this design can increase the support strength of the support member 2. When the support member 2 is bent in the blood vessel and enters a straighter blood vessel, the support member 2 can improve the rebound effect of the support member 2 under the action of the spiral section, thereby avoiding the problem of deformation and collapse of the support member 2 after passing through the curved blood vessel as much as possible, so that the support member 2 has a good rebound effect when completing the connection function, and has certain practicality;
[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the connecting member 1 includes a first connecting rod 1.1 in a "<"-shaped structure, and a second connecting rod 1.2 and a third connecting rod 1.3 in a columnar structure; the second connecting rod 1.2 is fixed to one end of the first connecting rod 1.1, and the third connecting rod 1.3 is fixed to the other end of the first connecting rod 1.1; the first connecting rod 1.1, the second connecting rod 1.2 and the third connecting rod 1.3 form a "W" structure; as shown in FIG. Figure 3 In the orientation, the opening of the first connecting rod 1.1 faces right, and one end of the first connecting rod 1.1 is Figure 3 The upper end of the first connecting rod 1.1, the other end of the first connecting rod 1.1 is Figure 3The lower end of the first connecting rod 1.1; the second connecting rod 1.2 is preferably in an inclined state with the left side higher than the right side, and the right end of the second connecting rod 1.2 is fixed to the upper end of the first connecting rod 1.1; the third connecting rod 1.3 is preferably in an inclined state with the left side lower than the right side, and the right end of the third connecting rod 1.3 is fixed to the lower end of the first connecting rod 1.1; therefore, a "W" structure with an opening to the left is formed between the first connecting rod 1.1, the second connecting rod 1.2 and the third connecting rod 1.3; therefore, a single support ring is composed of a plurality of connectors 1 with an opening to the left and in a "W" structure; when the connector 1 is in a "W" structure, the connector 1 is a structure expanded by a balloon; when in use, because the connector 1 is in a "W" structure and the support ring is composed of a plurality of connectors 1, under the action of external force, The multiple connectors 1 constituting the support ring can be simultaneously expanded outwards; when in use, the patient's artery is punctured, such as the femoral artery, and then a catheter is inserted from the puncture site, and then the location of the vascular lesion is confirmed by contrast agent, and then a guide wire is sent along the catheter, and then a balloon is sent to the vascular lesion through the guide wire to pre-expand the lesion, and again, a support ring composed of several connectors 1 is sent to the location of the vascular lesion along the guide wire; then, a high-pressure balloon is used to expand the support ring, and the connectors 1 constituting the support ring will expand outwards under the action of the balloon, and the radial direction of the support ring gradually increases during the expansion process, and then when the outer wall of the connector 1 is fully opened and fits with the blood vessel wall, the expansion of the blood vessel is completed, so that blood can smoothly pass through the blocked location of the vascular lesion;
[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the angle formed by the first connecting rod 1.1 is θ1; the angle formed by the first connecting rod 1.1 and the second connecting rod 1.2 is θ2; the angle formed by the first connecting rod 1.1 and the third connecting rod 1.3 is θ3; in the initial state, the angle of θ1 is 0 degrees; Figure 3 The first connecting rod 1.1 is in the state after being expanded by the balloon. Figure 5The orientation in the figure, the angle of the first connecting rod 1.1 is in the initial (unexpanded) state, and θ1 is 0 degrees when not expanded; the "W"-shaped connecting member 1 in the present design is equivalent to the "v"-shaped connecting member 1 in the prior art, and in the initial state, the "W"-shaped connecting member 1 in the present design is consistent with the "v"-shaped connecting member 1 in the prior art in width and length; the difference between the connecting member 1 in the present design and the "v"-shaped connecting member 1 in the prior art is that a first connecting rod 1.1 is added to the "v"-shaped connecting member 1 in the prior art, and θ1 of the first connecting rod 1.1 is 0 degrees, so the two parts constituting the first connecting rod 1.1 fit together; thus, when the connecting member 1 is expanded, the radial length of the "W"-shaped connecting member 1 in the present design is longer than that of the "v"-shaped connecting member 1 in the prior art after expansion, so the radial length of the single connecting member 1 can be increased, thereby increasing the radial length of the overall support ring, so that when the support ring is expanded under the action of the balloon, the expansion diameter of the support ring can be increased; when in use, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6It consists of four figures, among which the upper left one is a simplified figure of the "V"-shaped vascular stent in the prior art, and the upper right one is a figure of the use state of the "V"-shaped vascular stent in the prior art being expanded by a balloon in a blood vessel; the lower left one is a simplified figure of the present design, and the lower right one is a figure of the use state of the present design being expanded by a balloon in a blood vessel; the horizontal direction in the figure is the axial direction of the vascular stent, and the vertical direction is the radial direction of the vascular stent; in the figure, based on the radial comparison of blood vessels of the same size, the "W"-shaped connector 1 in the present design is compared with the "v"-shaped connector 1 in the prior art. In the initial state, the axial length and radial length are consistent, and then the present design and the prior art are respectively placed in the blood vessel for expansion, because the connector 1 in the present design can pull a longer radial length, and when facing a blood vessel of the same size, the connector 1 in the present design can pull a longer radial distance and cannot extend in the radial direction, so it will extend radially in the axial direction. It can be seen from the figure that part D is the axial length extended more by the present design than the prior art. Therefore, the present design can reduce the distance of axial shortening after expansion; when calculating the axial shortening rate, the formula is: axial shortening rate = (original length of vascular stent - length of vascular stent after expansion) / original length of vascular stent X100%), assuming that the original lengths of the vascular stent in the prior art and the vascular stent in the present design are both 20 mm (i.e., the axial length after all connectors 1 are connected together); because the vascular stent in the present design has a shorter axial shortening distance than that in the prior art, when the vascular stent in the prior art is shortened by 4.0 mm after expansion, the shortening distance of the vascular stent in the present design can be 3.0 mm; then the axial shortening rates are calculated according to the formulas, prior art: (20 cm - (20 cm - 4 cm) / 20 cm X 100% = 20%; present design: (20 cm - (20 cm - 3 cm) / 20 cm X 100% = 15%; 20%>15%, so the axial shortening rate in the present design is lower, thereby reducing the axial shortening rate;
[0031] After the support ring is expanded, its diameter is 2.25mm-5mm. After the support ring is expanded by the balloon, its diameter can be selected as 2.25mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm or any value between 2.25mm-5mm. By limiting this range, it can be convenient for blood vessels of different sizes to be used. Because the patient's blood vessel diameter must be at least greater than or equal to 2.25mm to perform vascular stent surgery, if the blood vessel is smaller than this diameter, then the effect of vascular stent surgery is not obvious. Therefore, when the support ring is expanded, if the support ring diameter is less than 2.25mm, it will affect the effect of the surgery. If the support ring diameter is greater than 5cm after expansion, it will cause damage to the blood vessel and increase the production cost.
[0032] like Figure 3As shown, the angles of θ2 and θ3 are the same. Through the design of the same angles, when the connector 1 is expanded by the balloon, the angles of θ2 and θ3 can change synchronously and expand at the same angle, so that the connector 1 can be more regular during the expansion process;
[0033] The support ring is made of cobalt alloy, nickel-titanium alloy or stainless steel; the connecting component is made of cobalt alloy, nickel-titanium alloy or stainless steel; the support ring can be produced with different materials, so the matching material can be selected for surgery according to the patient's condition, which improves practicality; the support ring and connecting component made of stainless steel have a certain hardness; the support ring and connecting component made of nickel-titanium alloy are corrosion-resistant and have a relatively high hardness; the support ring and connecting component made of cobalt alloy are highly corrosion-resistant and have a high hardness, and generally will not cause allergies in patients, and the material of cobalt-chromium alloy is not allergenic or carcinogenic;
[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the connector 1 is provided with a plurality of developing blocks 3 for conveniently observing its direction and position in the blood vessel. When the developing blocks 3 are used, the developing blocks 3 are coated with a developing agent, so that the direction of the connector 1 in the blood vessel can be conveniently observed under ultrasound guidance.
[0035] During specific use: first, the patient's artery is punctured, and a catheter, guidewire and balloon are inserted. Then, the connector 1 and support member 2 in this design are moved to the diseased blood vessel through the guidewire, and then the connector 1 is expanded by the balloon. During the expansion process, when the connector 1 is fully in contact with and fits the blood vessel wall, the balloon is removed to achieve the purpose of supporting the blood vessel. Before the expansion of the connector 1, because the first connecting rod 1.1θ1 on the connector 1 is 0 degrees, the radial length of all connectors 1 can be pulled longer. After the connector 1 is expanded by the balloon, the part of the connector 1 that cannot extend radially will extend to the axial length of the connector 1, thereby increasing the axial length. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the axial shortening rate can be reduced when the thickness of the blood vessel remains unchanged, thereby increasing practicality during use.
Claims
1. A vascular stent, comprising a plurality of support rings communicating with each other on the left and right, the plurality of support rings being arranged in sequence from left to right, and each two adjacent support rings being connected together by a connecting assembly, characterized in that: The support ring is composed of a plurality of connecting members (1), wherein the connecting members (1) include a first connecting rod (1.1) in a "<"-shaped structure, and a second connecting rod (1.2) and a third connecting rod (1.3) in a columnar structure; the second connecting rod (1.2) is fixed to one end of the first connecting rod (1.1), and the third connecting rod (1.3) is fixed to the other end of the first connecting rod (1.1); a "W" structure is formed between the first connecting rod (1.1), the second connecting rod (1.2) and the third connecting rod (1.3); the angle formed by the first connecting rod (1.1) is θ1; the angle formed between the first connecting rod (1.1) and the second connecting rod (1.2) is θ2; the angle formed between the first connecting rod (1.1) and the third connecting rod (1.3) is θ3; in an initial state, the angle θ1 is 0 degrees.
2. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the support ring after expansion is 2.25mm-5mm.
3. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection assembly is a support member (2), and the support member (2) is fixed between two adjacent connection members (1).
4. The vascular stent according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of support members (2) between every two adjacent support rings is 3-6.
5. The vascular stent according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support member (2) is a columnar structure, and a spiral section is provided along the length direction of the support member (2).
6. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angles of θ2 and θ3 are the same.
7. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support ring is made of cobalt alloy, nickel-titanium alloy or stainless steel.
8. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting component is made of cobalt alloy, nickel-titanium alloy or stainless steel.
9. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting piece (1) is provided with a plurality of developing blocks (3) for conveniently observing its direction and position in the blood vessel.