Garbage pyrolysis gasification system

Abstract

The utility model provides a garbage pyrolysis gasification system, and relates to the technical field of garbage treatment. The system comprises a garbage classification device, a pyrolysis device, a fermentation device and a gasification device, a dry material outlet end of the garbage classification device is connected with the pyrolysis device, and a wet material outlet end of the garbage classification device is connected with the fermentation device; the pyrolysis device is provided with a pyrolytic carbon outlet end, the fermentation device is provided with a biogas outlet end, and the pyrolytic carbon outlet end and the biogas outlet end are respectively connected with the gasification device. The system disclosed by the utility model can realize garbage classification, pyrolysis and gasification stage treatment and intermediate product collaborative gasification treatment, has the effects of improving the gasification efficiency, the adjustability of the hydrogen-carbon ratio in gasified synthesis gas and the operation stability of the system, and is beneficial to realizing the purposes of garbage resource utilization and energy recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a garbage pyrolysis and gasification system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the continuous increase in garbage production has promoted the urgent need for the reuse of garbage resources. Among them, domestic garbage is rich in carbon and hydrogen elements and can be used as raw materials for the production of syngas. Through pyrolysis and gasification technology, garbage can be converted into hydrogen, ammonia or methanol, achieving efficient and clean treatment of garbage while obtaining clean energy.

[0003] Existing garbage treatment systems generally include pyrolysis furnaces, gasification furnaces, etc. In the pyrolysis furnace, garbage is decomposed to produce coke, and then gasified in the gasification furnace to generate synthesis gas. However, due to the complex composition of garbage, the synthesis gas obtained by the above system generally has a low hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, which is not conducive to the subsequent synthesis of hydrogen or methanol. Utility Model Content

[0004] The problem solved by the utility model is that the hydrogen-carbon ratio of the synthesis gas product obtained by the existing garbage pyrolysis and gasification system is generally low.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a garbage pyrolysis gasification system, including a garbage sorting device, a pyrolysis device, a fermentation device and a gasification device; the dry material outlet end of the garbage sorting device is connected to the pyrolysis device, and the wet material outlet end of the garbage sorting device is connected to the fermentation device; the pyrolysis device is provided with a pyrolytic carbon outlet end, and the fermentation device is provided with a biogas outlet end, and the pyrolytic carbon outlet end and the biogas outlet end are respectively connected to the gasification device.

[0006] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system also includes an oil tar slurry preparation device and an oil-gas separation device, the pyrolysis device also includes an oil-gas outlet end, the oil-gas outlet end is connected to the oil-gas separation device, the oil-gas separation device includes a pyrolysis oil outlet end, the pyrolysis oil outlet end and the pyrolysis carbon outlet end are respectively connected to the oil tar slurry preparation device, and the oil tar slurry preparation device is connected to the gasification device.

[0007] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system further comprises a pressurizing device, and the oil-coke slurry preparation device is connected to the gasification device via the pressurizing device, and the pressurizing device is used to perform pressurized treatment on the oil-coke slurry obtained by the oil-coke slurry preparation device.

[0008] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis and gasification system further comprises a gas compression device, and the biogas outlet is connected to the gasification device via the gas compression device.

[0009] Optionally, the gasification device includes a gasifier, the gasifier includes a combined gasification nozzle, the combined gasification nozzle includes a mixing chamber and a biogas channel, a first air inlet channel, an oil-coke slurry channel and a second air inlet channel coaxially arranged from inside to outside, the mixing chamber is arranged at the lower end of the outlet of the biogas channel, the first air inlet channel, the oil-coke slurry channel and the second air inlet channel, and is respectively communicated with the biogas channel, the first air inlet channel, the oil-coke slurry channel and the second air inlet channel, the biogas channel is communicated with the air outlet of the gas compression device, the oil-coke slurry channel is communicated with the outlet of the pressurizing device, and the first air inlet channel and the second air inlet channel are used for introducing gaseous medium.

[0010] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system further includes a heating device, and the oil-gas separation device further includes a pyrolysis gas outlet end, the pyrolysis gas outlet end is connected to the heating device, and the heating device is connected to the pyrolysis device.

[0011] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system further comprises a heat exchange device, and the pyrolysis carbon outlet is connected to the oil coke slurry preparation device via the heat exchange device.

[0012] Optionally, the heat exchange device of the garbage pyrolysis gasification system is provided with an air inlet, a feed inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is used to let in air at room temperature, the feed inlet is connected to the pyrolytic carbon outlet, and the air outlet is connected to the heating device.

[0013] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system further comprises a purification device, and an inlet of the purification device is connected to a synthesis gas outlet of the gasification device.

[0014] Optionally, the purification device comprises a dust removal device, a water-gas conversion device and an acid gas removal device which are connected in sequence, and the inlet of the dust removal device is connected to the synthesis gas outlet of the gasification device.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the garbage pyrolysis gasification system of the utility model are:

[0016] The system of the utility model adds a garbage classification device and a fermentation device. The garbage classification device is used to classify and process the garbage, and divide the garbage into dry materials and wet materials. The wet materials can produce biogas through the fermentation device, and the dry materials can produce pyrolytic carbon through the pyrolysis device. In this way, efficient utilization of the garbage can be achieved, and a variety of valuable products such as pyrolytic carbon and biogas can be obtained. It also avoids materials with high water content from entering the pyrolysis device, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the pyrolysis section. The system of the utility model also connects the biogas outlet end of the fermentation device with the gasification device, introduces the biogas (main component methane) into the gasification device, and can couple the methane part in the gasification device for oxidation reforming reaction to generate initial synthesis gas. Therefore, on the one hand, since the biogas produced by fermentation has a certain temperature, it is used as a supplementary combustion gas to enter the gasification device, which can stabilize and improve the operating temperature of the gasification device, thereby helping to improve the gasification reaction efficiency and system stability; on the other hand, methane can react with oxygen in the gasification device to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, thereby increasing the hydrogen content of the synthesis gas, thereby improving the adjustability of the hydrogen-carbon ratio, reducing the subsequent water-gas change reaction amount, and facilitating the subsequent synthesis of products such as methanol or hydrogen extraction and utilization.

[0017] In summary, the system of the utility model can realize garbage classification, pyrolysis and gasification graded treatment and coordinated gasification treatment of intermediate products. It has the effect of improving gasification efficiency, adjustability of the hydrogen-carbon ratio in the gasification synthesis gas and system operation stability, which is conducive to achieving the purpose of garbage resource utilization and energy recovery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The structure of the garbage pyrolysis gasification system in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 2 The structure of the garbage pyrolysis gasification system in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 3 The structure of the garbage pyrolysis gasification system in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0021] Figure 4 The structure of the garbage pyrolysis gasification system in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 4

[0022] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a combined gasification nozzle in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a gasifier in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 7The structure of the garbage pyrolysis gasification system in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 5 ;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a flowchart of the garbage pyrolysis and gasification system in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 100, garbage sorting device; 200, fermentation device; 300, pyrolysis device; 400, gasification device; 500, oil-gas separation device; 600, oil-coke slurry preparation device; 700, pressurizing device; 800, gas compression device; 900, heating device; 1000, heat exchange device; 1100, dust removal device; 1200, water-gas conversion device; 1300, acid gas removal device; 1400, wet material storage tank; 1500, biogas buffer tank; 1600, biogas residue / liquid buffer tank;

[0028] 401, combined gasification nozzle; 402, synthesis gas outlet; 403, quenching water inlet; 404, quenching water distributor; 405, inner cylinder; 406, slag discharge port; 407, water seal;

[0029] 4011, biogas inlet; 4012, first air inlet; 4013, oil coke slurry inlet; 4014, second air inlet; 4015, cooling water inlet; 4016, cooling water outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the utility model can be implemented in various forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described here. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to more thoroughly and completely understand the utility model. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the utility model are only for exemplary purposes and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific implementation methods and are not intended to limit this application;

[0032] The term "including" and its variations used herein are open inclusions, i.e., "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "based at least in part on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description.

[0033] It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present utility model are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary-secondary relationship. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a garbage pyrolysis gasification system provided by an embodiment of the utility model includes a garbage sorting device 100, a pyrolysis device 300, a fermentation device 200 and a gasification device 400; the dry material outlet end of the garbage sorting device 100 is connected to the pyrolysis device 300, and the wet material outlet end of the garbage sorting device 100 is connected to the fermentation device 200; the pyrolysis device 300 is provided with a pyrolysis carbon outlet end, and the fermentation device 200 is provided with a biogas outlet end, and the pyrolysis carbon outlet end and the biogas outlet end are respectively connected to the gasification device 400.

[0035] In this embodiment, the garbage pyrolysis and gasification system includes not only the conventional pyrolysis device 300 and the gasification device 400, but also a garbage sorting device 100 and a fermentation device 200. The garbage sorting device 100 is used to separate the garbage into dry and wet materials to obtain dry materials and wet materials respectively, the fermentation device 200 is used to ferment the wet materials to obtain biogas, the pyrolysis device 300 is used to pyrolyze the dry materials to obtain pyrolytic carbon, and the gasification device 400 is used to perform a gasification synthesis reaction to obtain initial synthesis gas. Therefore, on the one hand, by sorting the garbage through the garbage sorting device, it is possible to avoid materials with high moisture content from entering the pyrolysis device 300, reduce the energy consumption of the pyrolysis section, and also obtain a variety of valuable products such as pyrolytic carbon and biogas. On the other hand, the biogas outlet end of the fermentation device is connected to the gasification device, so that the biogas (main component methane) can be introduced into the gasification device, and the methane part is coupled in the gasification device for oxidation reforming reaction to generate initial synthesis gas. Here, since the biogas produced by fermentation has a certain temperature, when it is used as a supplementary combustion gas to enter the gasification device, it can stabilize and increase the operating temperature of the gasification device, thereby helping to improve the gasification reaction efficiency and system stability; in addition, methane can react with oxygen to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which can increase the hydrogen content of the synthesis gas, thereby improving the adjustability of the hydrogen-carbon ratio, reducing the subsequent water-gas change reaction amount, and facilitating the subsequent synthesis of products such as methanol or hydrogen extraction and utilization.

[0036] It should be understood that the calorific value of garbage is generally low, and it usually contains some impurities with low calorific value or no calorific value, such as ash, soil, etc. Therefore, the conventional pyrolysis and gasification of garbage are generally poor, and the carbon and hydrogen content after pyrolysis of garbage is also low, which makes the hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis gas after gasification also low. In this embodiment, the biogas obtained by fermenting wet garbage is also introduced into the gasification device, thereby coupling the oxidation reforming reaction of methane, wherein, in the partial oxidation reaction of methane, methane (CH4) reacts with oxygen (O2) to generate synthesis gas, and the main reaction equation is as follows: CH4+1 / 2O2→CO+2H2, and the hydrogen content in the generated synthesis gas is relatively high, thereby improving the hydrogen-carbon ratio. In addition, by adjusting the gasification reaction conditions, raw material ratio or reactor design, the hydrogen content and carbon content in the synthesis gas can also be flexibly adjusted. For example, by appropriately increasing the operating temperature of the gasification device 400, the partial oxidation reaction of methane can be promoted, thereby increasing the hydrogen content in the synthesis gas, or the ratio of biogas and pyrolysis carbon can be flexibly controlled according to the needs of the gasification reaction. The hydrogen content in the synthesis gas is higher, the hydrogen-carbon ratio is larger, and the hydrogen-carbon ratio is increased, so that the synthesis gas can be used for subsequent synthesis reactions, such as synthetic ammonia, synthetic methanol, etc., and can also be used to extract hydrogen for use in fuel cells or other industrial purposes.

[0037] The garbage pyrolysis and gasification system of this embodiment can realize the classification treatment of garbage and the graded pyrolysis and gasification treatment, efficiently utilize the useful components in the garbage, and realize the coordinated gasification treatment of the intermediate product (biogas), which helps to improve the gasification efficiency, the adjustability of the hydrogen-carbon ratio in the gasification synthesis gas and the stability of the system operation, and ultimately achieve the purpose of garbage resource utilization and energy recovery.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the pyrolysis device may be a rotary kiln pyrolysis device or a fixed bed pyrolysis device.

[0039] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system also includes an oil tar slurry preparation device 600 and an oil-gas separation device 500, the pyrolysis device 300 also includes an oil-gas outlet end, the oil-gas outlet end is connected to the oil-gas separation device 500, the oil-gas separation device 500 includes a pyrolysis oil outlet end, the pyrolysis oil outlet end and the pyrolysis carbon outlet end are respectively connected to the oil tar slurry preparation device 600, and the oil tar slurry preparation device 600 is connected to the gasification device 400.

[0040] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the garbage sorting device 100 separates dry materials from the garbage, and the dry materials are pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis device 300, where the dry garbage will be decomposed into gaseous oil, pyrolysis gas / water vapor and pyrolysis carbon. It should be understood that in the process of garbage pyrolysis, the garbage is heated to, for example, 400-550°C, at which temperature the garbage undergoes pyrolysis, and the composition of the material obtained after pyrolysis includes gaseous oil, pyrolysis gas / water vapor and pyrolysis carbon, wherein pyrolysis gas / water vapor is one of the gaseous products produced during the pyrolysis process, usually containing some organic gases, gaseous hydrocarbon substances and water vapor and other components, and for ease of explanation, collectively referred to as pyrolysis gas below. In addition, there is also a part of gaseous products in the pyrolysis process, which is mainly composed of volatile organic matter. It can be understood that at high temperatures, the organic matter in the garbage will decompose and release gaseous oily substances. The gaseous oil and pyrolysis gas form a gaseous mixture, which, after being separated from the solid pyrolysis carbon, will enter the oil-gas separation device 500 to separate the pyrolysis oil. Liquid pyrolysis oil can be prepared into oil coke slurry with pyrolysis carbon in the oil coke slurry preparation device 600, and the oil coke slurry can be used as a gasification raw material.

[0041] In this optional embodiment, the oil coke slurry preparation device 600 is used to make the pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis carbon produced by the pyrolysis of dry materials into oil coke slurry. At the same time, the solid and liquid materials produced by the pyrolysis are used to realize the slurry feeding of the gasification device 400, which is convenient for solving the problem of stable feeding when the gasification device 400 adopts a fluidized bed or the like for gasification synthesis reaction. This is because mixing the solid and liquid phases to form oil coke slurry can improve the fluidity and handleability of the raw material, and make the oil coke slurry have better fluidity and plasticity, thereby facilitating feeding control.

[0042] The pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas produced in the pyrolysis process of the prior art are generally used directly for combustion without cooling treatment to provide the heat source required for pyrolysis, which may cause the organic matter in the garbage to be unable to be fully utilized, reducing the energy utilization rate. In this optional embodiment, the intermediate product of pyrolysis oil is fully utilized and used as a raw material for subsequent gasification treatment, so that the pyrolysis oil is further decomposed during the gasification process and converted into small molecule gas, thereby improving the energy utilization rate. In addition, due to the complex composition of pyrolysis oil, impurities are difficult to effectively separate, and decomposition during the gasification process not only utilizes the effective components therein, but also reduces the processing cost. In addition, due to the complex composition of garbage, including organic matter, inorganic matter, moisture, impurities and other components, different types of garbage contain different proportions of components, among which organic matter may include materials such as biomass, paper, and plastic, while inorganic matter may include glass, metal, slag, etc. Due to the differences and complexity of these components, it is difficult to directly process them into suitable gasification particle shapes. In this optional embodiment, the oil coke slurry preparation device 600 can fully and evenly mix the liquid product and the pyrolysis coke by means of grinding or the like to form a slurry-like oil coke slurry, which can effectively solve the problem that the gasification raw materials cannot be made into small particle raw materials, making the raw materials more suitable for the gasification reaction, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the gasification process.

[0043] In addition, in the prior art, when pyrolyzing and gasifying garbage, the gasification pressure is usually low pressure or normal pressure, so the low pressure or normal pressure gasification synthesis gas is obtained. When it is subsequently used as raw gas for, for example, methanol synthesis, there is a pressure mismatch problem, and the pressure of the raw gas needs to be increased to the pressure required by the methanol synthesis section, resulting in high energy consumption. In this optional embodiment, the slurry-like oil coke slurry is obtained by using the oil coke slurry preparation device 600. The slurry feed can be easily pressurized to the pressure of the subsequent synthesis section by using, for example, a pump, etc., eliminating the gas compression in the methanol synthesis section and pressurizing at the raw material end. Compared with pressurizing in the gas compression section after the synthesis gas is produced, the energy consumption is greatly reduced.

[0044] In at least one embodiment, the oil coke slurry preparation device 600 includes a grinder and a slurry agitator, wherein the grinder is used to grind the pyrolytic carbon to make it into powder, and the slurry agitator is used to evenly mix the ground pyrolytic carbon with pyrolytic oil, additives, etc. to make a stable oil coke slurry. In addition, the calorific value of the oil coke slurry raw material can be adjusted within a certain range by adjusting the ratio of oil, water, and coke, thereby controlling the calorific value of the oil coke slurry to be stable.

[0045] In at least one embodiment, the oil-gas separation device 500 uses a water cooling device to separate the oil and the pyrolysis gas through water washing and cooling. It can be understood that gaseous oil is not easy to dissolve in water and forms oil droplet-shaped suspension. Pyrolysis gas usually has a certain solubility in water. Therefore, by water washing, the gaseous oil-gas mixture can be contacted with water, and the pyrolysis gas will be more easily dissolved in water, while the gaseous oil will be mainly suspended in the water in the form of oil droplets. In addition, in the process of water washing, by lowering the temperature of the water, the gaseous oil is cooled and condensed, prompting it to be converted from gaseous to liquid oil.

[0046] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system further includes a pressurizing device 700, and the oil-coke slurry preparation device 600 is connected to the gasification device 400 via the pressurizing device 700, and the pressurizing device 700 is used to perform pressurized treatment on the oil-coke slurry obtained by the oil-coke slurry preparation device 600.

[0047] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the discharge end of the oil-coke slurry preparation device 600 is connected to the pressurizing device 700. The oil-coke slurry preparation device 600 is used to mix the pyrolysis carbon obtained by the pyrolysis device 300, the pyrolysis oil obtained by the oil-gas separation device 500, and the condensed water to obtain oil-coke slurry. The pressurizing device 700 is used to pressurize the oil-coke slurry obtained by the oil-coke slurry preparation device 600 to increase the pressure of the liquid oil-coke slurry. Therefore, the gasification device 400 of this embodiment can adopt a high-pressure fluidized bed, which has the advantages of high gasification efficiency and good pressure matching with subsequent synthetic methanol and other work sections.

[0048] In this optional embodiment, by adopting slurry feeding and liquid pressurization, energy consumption is reduced while achieving stable and controllable high-pressure feeding.

[0049] In at least one embodiment, the pressurizing device 700 includes a slurry pump. The oil coke slurry is pressurized by a mature slurry pump and used as a raw material for gasification, which can ensure that the feed of the gasification device 400 is stable and reliable.

[0050] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis and gasification system further includes a gas compression device 800 , and the biogas outlet is connected to the gasification device 400 via the gas compression device 800 .

[0051] Specifically, Figure 4As shown, the wet material separated from the garbage sorting device 100 is mainly kitchen waste. The kitchen waste is fermented by the fermentation device 200. Here, anaerobic fermentation can be selected. Correspondingly, the fermentation device 200 is an anaerobic fermentation device to produce biogas and biogas residue / liquid. The biogas is pressurized by the gas compression device 800 and sent to the gasification device 400 as a gasification raw material. The biogas residue / liquid refers to a mixture of biogas residue and biogas liquid. The biogas residue is the solid residue produced after the organic waste such as kitchen waste is fermented. The biogas liquid is the liquid waste produced during the anaerobic fermentation process. The biogas residue / liquid can be used as agricultural fertilizer, so as to achieve the dual effects of resource utilization of organic waste and environmental protection.

[0052] In this optional embodiment, the biogas produced by the fermentation device 200 is pressurized to meet the pressure requirement of the raw material entering the high-pressure gasifier.

[0053] In at least one embodiment, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system further includes a wet material storage tank 1400, a biogas buffer tank 1500, and a biogas residue / liquid buffer tank 1600. The wet materials such as kitchen waste separated from the garbage sorting device 100 enter the wet material storage tank 1400, and then enter the anaerobic fermentation device 200 in a quantitative manner. The generated biogas enters the biogas buffer tank 1500, and is compressed to 5-7MPa by the gas compression device 800 as a gasification raw material.

[0054] Optionally, the gasification device 400 includes a gasifier, the gasifier includes a combined gasification nozzle 401, the combined gasification nozzle 401 includes a mixing chamber and a biogas channel, a first air inlet channel, an oil-coke slurry channel and a second air inlet channel coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside, the mixing chamber is arranged at the lower end of the outlet of the biogas channel, the first air inlet channel, the oil-coke slurry channel and the second air inlet channel, and is respectively connected to the biogas channel, the first air inlet channel, the oil-coke slurry channel and the second air inlet channel, the biogas channel is connected to the air outlet of the gas compression device 800, the oil-coke slurry channel is connected to the outlet of the pressurizing device 700, and the first air inlet channel and the second air inlet channel are used to introduce gaseous medium.

[0055] Specifically, Figure 5As shown, the combined gasification nozzle 401 is a coaxial multi-channel structure, which is designed from the inside to the outside as a biogas channel, a first air inlet channel, an oil tar slurry channel and a second air inlet channel. Among them, the side wall of the biogas channel is provided with a biogas inlet 4011, and the biogas inlet 4011 is used to pass methane, the side wall of the oil tar slurry channel is provided with an oil tar slurry inlet 4013, and the oil tar slurry inlet 4013 is used to pass oil tar slurry, the side wall of the first air inlet channel is provided with a first air inlet 4012, and the side wall of the second air inlet channel is provided with a second air inlet 4014, and the first air inlet 4012 and the second air inlet 4014 are used to pass gaseous medium, and the gaseous medium includes one or more of oxygen, air, water vapor, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and synthesis gas, and oxygen is preferably used here. By designing two air inlet channels, central oxygen and ring oxygen gas flows are formed to ensure sufficient combustion. In addition, the combined gasification nozzle 401 also includes a cooling water channel, and the side walls of the cooling water channel are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet 4015 and a cooling water outlet 4016. The above-mentioned materials enter the mixing chamber through each channel, contact each other and undergo partial oxidation, cracking and other reactions to generate synthesis gas. Since methane is a hydrogen-rich gas, the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of the final synthesis gas is maximized.

[0056] Gasification equipment generally has a complex structure. In order to maintain high temperature, it is usually necessary to design multiple combustion nozzles. In this optional embodiment, a combined nozzle is designed to integrate the methane partial oxidation process into the combined gasification nozzle 401. During the start-up phase, the nozzle can be used as a start-up burner for drying the furnace. After the temperature is reached, the oil coke slurry can be directly sprayed into the gasification furnace to enter the stable production phase. This optional embodiment simplifies the structure of the gasification equipment and facilitates the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0057] In at least one embodiment, the amount of oxygen added to the first air inlet channel and the second air inlet channel can be determined by the total carbon content of methane and oil coke slurry. Preferably, the oxygen-carbon ratio is controlled within the range of 0.2-0.6 kg / kg, and the ratio of the first oxygen in the first air inlet channel to the second oxygen in the second air inlet channel is 1:4-5.

[0058] Optionally, the gasifier adopts a high-temperature and high-pressure fluidized flow gasifier.

[0059] Specifically, Figure 6As shown, the gasifier is composed of key components such as a combined gasification nozzle 401, a synthesis gas outlet 402, a quenching water inlet 403, a quenching water distributor 404, an inner tube 405, and a slag outlet 406. Among them, the inner tube 405 is the main reaction chamber of the gasifier; the combined gasification nozzle 401 is used to spray gasification raw materials, including gaseous media such as oil coke slurry, biogas and oxygen; the quenching water inlet 403 and the quenching water distributor 404 are used to quench the high-temperature product to prevent adverse reactions caused by overheating, and also help to better control the temperature and rate of the gasification reaction; the synthesis gas outlet 402 is used to collect synthesis gas; and the slag outlet 406 is used to discharge waste slag or residue. The operating pressure of the gasifier is 4-6MPa, and the gasification temperature is 1000-1300℃ (can be adjusted according to the chemical characteristics of the garbage ash). After the oil coke slurry, biogas and oxygen enter the gasifier, gasification reaction and partial oxidation reaction of methane occur. The initial synthesis gas, water vapor and liquid ash after gasification enter the inner tube. After gradual cooling, the solid ash falls into the water seal 407 to form glassy ash, which is discharged from the gasifier from the bottom slag discharge port. The synthesis gas passes through the water seal and is discharged from the middle of the gasifier.

[0060] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system further includes a heating device 900 , and the oil-gas separation device 500 further includes a pyrolysis gas outlet end, the pyrolysis gas outlet end is connected to the heating device 900 , and the heating device 900 is connected to the pyrolysis device 300 .

[0061] Specifically, Figure 7 As shown, the oil-gas separation device 500 separates the pyrolysis oil from the pyrolysis gas, and the pyrolysis gas enters the heating device 900 and is heated to serve as a heat source for the pyrolysis device 300.

[0062] In this optional embodiment, full use is made of the pyrolysis gas, which can provide the required thermal energy for the pyrolysis process after heating, and is used as the heat source of the pyrolysis device 300. On the one hand, the demand for external energy is reduced, energy consumption and cost are reduced, and energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved; on the other hand, the use of pyrolysis gas for recycling heating can improve the thermal efficiency of the system, make the pyrolysis process more efficient, reduce energy waste, and improve energy utilization; on another hand, by making full use of the pyrolysis gas, the waste heat emissions generated in the pyrolysis process can be reduced, environmental pollution can be reduced, environmental protection requirements are met, and it is conducive to building a green and low-carbon production environment.

[0063] In at least one embodiment, the heating device 900 includes a combustion heating furnace.

[0064] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system further includes a heat exchange device 1000 , and the pyrolysis carbon outlet is connected to the oil coke slurry preparation device 600 via the heat exchange device 1000 .

[0065] Specifically, Figure 8 As shown, the high-temperature pyrolysis carbon from the pyrolysis device 300 is exchanged with the medium in the heat exchange device 1000 to cool the pyrolysis carbon and realize the recovery of the latent heat of the pyrolysis carbon. It should be noted that Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the garbage pyrolysis gasification system. Arrows are used between the units in the figure to indicate the material flow direction.

[0066] In this optional embodiment, by recovering the latent heat energy in the pyrolytic carbon, the consumption of external energy can be reduced, the energy utilization efficiency of the system can be improved, and at the same time, the thermal efficiency of the system can be improved, so that energy can be more fully utilized and energy waste can be reduced.

[0067] Optionally, the heat exchange device 1000 is provided with an air inlet, a feed inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is used to let in air at room temperature, the feed inlet is connected to the pyrolytic carbon outlet, and the air outlet is connected to the heating device 900 .

[0068] Specifically, Figure 8 As shown, the heat exchange device 1000 allows room temperature air to be passed through, which can achieve indirect heat exchange between high-temperature pyrolysis carbon and room temperature air, thereby cooling the pyrolysis carbon and heating the air. The heated air is further heated by the heating device 900 and can be used as a heat source for the pyrolysis device 300, thereby achieving efficient use of thermal energy.

[0069] In this optional embodiment, the heat exchange medium (normal temperature air) in the heat exchange device 1000 is used to recover the latent heat of the pyrolysis carbon, and the recovered heat energy is used in the pyrolysis device 300, thereby realizing the recycling of energy, improving the thermal efficiency of the system, and reducing energy waste.

[0070] Optionally, the garbage pyrolysis gasification system further includes a purification device, and an inlet of the purification device is connected to the synthesis gas outlet 402 of the gasification device 400 .

[0071] In at least one embodiment, the purification device includes a dust removal device 1100 , a water-gas conversion device 1200 , and an acid gas removal device 1300 connected in sequence, and an inlet of the dust removal device 1100 is connected to a synthesis gas outlet 402 of the gasification device 400 .

[0072] The generated initial synthesis gas contains certain impurities such as dust, CO2, H2S, etc. This optional embodiment uses a purification device to perform subsequent purification treatment on the initial synthesis gas from the gasification device 400. The dust impurities are removed by the dust removal device 1100, and the hydrogen-carbon ratio is adjusted by the water-gas conversion device 1200. The adjustment ratio is determined according to the demand for subsequent synthetic products. The CO2 and H2S gases are removed by the acid gas removal device 1300. The qualified synthesis gas after purification can be used for methanol synthesis, methanation, etc. to produce high value-added products.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 8 As shown, the working process of the garbage pyrolysis gasification system of the embodiment of the utility model is described. It should be noted that: Figure 8 Among them, Ⅰ is domestic waste; Ⅱ is air; Ⅲ is agricultural fertilizer; Ⅳ is hot air; Ⅴ is pyrolysis gas; Ⅵ is oil; Ⅶ is oxygen; Ⅷ is ash; IX is synthesis gas.

[0074] (1) Domestic waste I is used as raw material and first enters the waste sorting device 100 to separate the waste into dry and wet materials, i.e., dry waste and kitchen waste;

[0075] (2) The kitchen waste enters the wet material storage tank 1400 and then enters the anaerobic fermentation device 200 in a quantitative manner. Biogas and biogas residue / liquid will be produced in the anaerobic fermentation device 200, wherein the methane content in the biogas is 70%-75% (the content of carbon dioxide and other impurity gases is 25%-30%). The biogas enters the biogas buffer tank 1500 and is compressed to 5-7MPa by the gas compression device 800. It is then fed into the nozzle of the high-temperature gasifier as a gasification raw material, and the biogas residue / liquid enters the buffer tank as an agricultural fertilizer III;

[0076] (3) The separated dry garbage enters the pyrolysis device 300, where the pyrolysis temperature is 400-550°C, and the garbage will be decomposed into gaseous oil, pyrolysis gas / water vapor and pyrolysis carbon.

[0077] (4) After the gaseous oil and pyrolysis gas / water vapor are separated from the solid pyrolysis carbon, they enter the oil-gas separation device 500, and after water washing and cooling, the pyrolysis oil VI and the pyrolysis gas V are separated, and the pyrolysis gas V enters the combustion heating furnace for heating as a pyrolysis heat source;

[0078] (5) The combustion-supporting agent required for combustion in the combustion heating furnace is air. The air II at room temperature first enters the heat exchange device 1000, where the high-temperature pyrolytic carbon from the pyrolysis device 300 is indirectly heat-exchanged with the air at room temperature, and the combustion-supporting air is heated to 300°C to become hot air IV. At the same time, the pyrolytic carbon is cooled to below 80°C to realize the recovery of the latent heat of the pyrolytic carbon. The hot air enters the combustion heating furnace for further heating;

[0079] (6) Pyrolysis carbon, pyrolysis oil, and part of condensed water (oil-containing wastewater) enter the oil tar slurry preparation device 600 in a certain ratio. The mass ratio of pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis carbon, and condensed water is 2-3:2-3:1-2. The amount of condensed water added can be adjusted according to the calorific value of the oil tar slurry to control the calorific value within the range of 2000-3000 kcal / kg as a means of regulation to ensure the stability of the calorific value of the material entering the gasification device 400;

[0080] (7) The prepared oil coke slurry enters the slurry pump, is pressurized to 5-7 MPa by the slurry pump, and is sent into the gasifier through the combined gasification nozzle 401;

[0081] (8) Please combine Figure 6 As shown, the operating pressure of the gasifier is 4-6MPa, and the gasification temperature is 1000-1300℃ (adjusted according to the chemical characteristics of garbage ash). After the oil coke slurry, biogas and oxygen Ⅶ enter the gasifier, gasification reaction and methane partial oxidation reaction occur. The initial synthesis gas, water vapor and liquid ash after gasification enter the inner cylinder. After gradually cooling down, the solid ash falls into the water seal to form glassy ash Ⅷ, which is discharged from the gasifier from the bottom slag discharge port. The initial synthesis gas passes through the water seal and is discharged upward from the middle of the gasifier.

[0082] (9) The generated initial synthesis gas enters the dust removal device 1100, the water-gas conversion device 1200, and the acid gas removal device 1300 in sequence. After purification, the synthesis gas IX is obtained, which can be used as the raw gas for subsequent synthesis units to further produce high value-added products.

[0083] Although the utility model is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A garbage pyrolysis gasification system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a garbage sorting device (100), a pyrolysis device (300), a fermentation device (200) and a gasification device (400); the dry material outlet of the garbage sorting device (100) is connected to the pyrolysis device (300), and the wet material outlet of the garbage sorting device (100) is connected to the fermentation device (200); the pyrolysis device (300) is provided with a pyrolysis carbon outlet, and the fermentation device (200) is provided with a biogas outlet, and the pyrolysis carbon outlet and the biogas outlet are respectively connected to the gasification device (400).

2. The garbage pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an oil-coke slurry preparation device (600) and an oil-gas separation device (500), the pyrolysis device (300) also includes an oil-gas outlet, the oil-gas outlet is connected to the oil-gas separation device (500), the oil-gas separation device (500) includes a pyrolysis oil outlet, the pyrolysis oil outlet and the pyrolysis carbon outlet are respectively connected to the oil-coke slurry preparation device (600), and the oil-coke slurry preparation device (600) is connected to the gasification device (400).

3. The garbage pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pressurizing device (700), and the oil coke slurry preparation device (600) is connected to the gasification device (400) via the pressurizing device (700).

4. The garbage pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a gas compression device (800), and the biogas outlet is connected to the gasification device (400) via the gas compression device (800).

5. The garbage pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gasification device (400) comprises a gasifier, the gasifier comprises a combined gasification nozzle, the combined gasification nozzle comprises a mixing chamber and a biogas channel, a first air inlet channel, an oil-coke slurry channel and a second air inlet channel coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside, the mixing chamber is arranged at the lower end of the outlet of the biogas channel, the first air inlet channel, the oil-coke slurry channel and the second air inlet channel, and is respectively connected to the biogas channel, the first air inlet channel, the oil-coke slurry channel and the second air inlet channel, the biogas channel is connected to the air outlet of the gas compression device (800), the oil-coke slurry channel is connected to the outlet of the pressurizing device (700), and the first air inlet channel and the second air inlet channel are used for introducing a gas medium.

6. The garbage pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a heating device (900), and the oil-gas separation device (500) also includes a pyrolysis gas outlet end, the pyrolysis gas outlet end is connected to the heating device (900), and the heating device (900) is connected to the pyrolysis device (300).

7. The garbage pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a heat exchange device (1000), and the pyrolytic carbon outlet is connected to the oil coke slurry preparation device (600) through the heat exchange device (1000).

8. The garbage pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat exchange device (1000) is provided with an air inlet, a feed inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is used to allow room temperature air to pass through, the feed inlet is connected to the pyrolytic carbon outlet, and the air outlet is connected to the heating device (900).

9. The garbage pyrolysis gasification system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also comprises a purification device, the inlet of which is connected to the synthesis gas outlet of the gasification device (400).

10. The garbage pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The purification device comprises a dust removal device (1100), a water-gas conversion device (1200) and an acid gas removal device (1300) which are connected in sequence, and the inlet of the dust removal device (1100) is connected to the synthesis gas outlet (402) of the gasification device (400).

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