Lead wire for air pressure balance, motor and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to a lead for air pressure balance, a motor and an electric vehicle. The air pressure balancing lead wire is installed on a motor and at least comprises an isolation sealing sleeve, an air pipe hole and a lead wire, the protective sealing sleeve is arranged on one side close to the motor and is provided with a coating part which sleeves the outer side of the isolation sealing sleeve and an extension part which extends from the coating part to the direction far away from the motor; the air pipe penetrates through the air pipe hole, one end of the air pipe extends into the motor, and the other end of the air pipe extends out of the protective sealing sleeve; the air pressure balancing component is arranged at the other end, extending out of the protective sealing sleeve, of the air pipe, and an expansion space is formed in the air pressure balancing component and used for balancing air pressure in the motor; when the motor works, the motor generates heat to increase the air pressure inside the motor, and the air pressure balancing component can balance the air pressure inside and outside the motor. The damage to internal components of the motor and the damage to the sealing performance of a sealing element after the air pressure is too large are avoided, and the waterproof performance of the lead is further ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to a lead wire for air pressure balance, a motor and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In electrical equipment such as motors used in water environments, the housing is usually designed to have strong sealing and waterproof properties in order to prevent water from intruding into the interior and causing damage to components.

[0003] Because of the strong sealing performance, the interior of such motors and other equipment is not connected to the outside world. Accordingly, the gas inside cannot enter and exit through the gaps like conventional electrical equipment. If the motor works continuously and for a long time, it is easy for the internal gas to be heated and the air pressure to increase, affecting the normal operation of the internal components and causing equipment failure; at the same time, the increase in internal air pressure may also damage the sealing structure of the shell, causing the waterproof structure to fail, liquid to penetrate, and the internal components of the equipment to be damaged or even cause the equipment to be scrapped. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model is developed to solve the above-mentioned problem, and aims to provide a lead wire for air pressure balance, a motor and an electric vehicle, which can balance the air pressure inside the device while maintaining the sealing performance of the device, so as to avoid damaging the internal components of the motor and prevent damage to the sealing structure.

[0005] The utility model provides a lead for air pressure balance, which is installed on an electrical device and has the following characteristics: at least: an isolation sealing sleeve, which is provided with an air pipe hole; a protective sealing sleeve, which is arranged on a side close to the electrical device and has a covering portion sleeved on the outside of the isolation sealing sleeve and an extending portion extending from the covering portion in a direction away from the electrical device; an air pipe, which is passed through the air pipe hole, has one end extending toward the interior of the electrical device and the other end extending out of the protective sealing sleeve; and an air pressure balancing component, which is arranged at the other end of the air pipe extending out of the protective sealing sleeve and has an expansion space therein for balancing the air pressure inside the electrical device.

[0006] The lead wire for air pressure balance provided by the utility model may also have the following characteristics: the air pipe includes: a support tube made of metal wire material; and a sealing tube covering the support tube, wherein the support tube is formed by extending the metal wire along a spiral line, and the pitch of the metal wire is equal to the outer diameter of the metal wire.

[0007] The air pressure balancing lead wire provided by the utility model may also have the following characteristics: wherein the inner diameter of the support tube is 1 mm to 1.5 mm, and the outer diameter of the metal wire is 0.25 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0008] The air pressure balancing lead provided by the utility model may also have the following features: wherein, two adjacent annular protrusions are provided at the end of the sealing tube, and an annular groove is formed between the two annular protrusions for installing the air pressure balancing component.

[0009] The air pressure balancing lead wire provided by the utility model may also have the following characteristics: wherein the air pressure balancing component is an air pressure balancing air membrane, and the air pressure balancing air membrane has an elastic membrane structure with a hollow interior.

[0010] The lead wire for air pressure balance provided by the utility model may also have the following features: a fastener for fastening the connection with the electrical equipment, wherein a step portion is provided between the covering portion and the extending portion, and the fastener abuts against the step portion, so that the covering portion of the protective sealing sleeve has an interference fit with the electrical equipment.

[0011] The air pressure balancing lead provided by the utility model may also have the following features: it also includes: a wiring harness, which at least contains a plurality of electric wires composed of a plurality of power supply wires connected to an external power source, and the isolation sealing sleeve is provided with a plurality of wire holes, and the wire holes also include a power supply wire hole for allowing the power supply wire to pass through.

[0012] The air pressure balancing lead wire provided by the utility model may also have the following feature: wherein, the extending portion is provided with an arc portion with a gradually decreasing outer diameter, and the air pipe extends from the arc portion.

[0013] The utility model also provides an electrical device, which is a motor and has the following characteristics: any one of the above-mentioned air pressure balancing leads is installed.

[0014] The utility model also provides an electric vehicle, which has the following characteristics: it comprises the above-mentioned motor.

[0015] Functions and effects of utility models

[0016] According to the lead wire, electrical equipment and electric vehicle involved in the utility model, since the lead wire is provided with an air pipe and an air pressure balancing component, when the electrical equipment is working and heat is generated inside causing the internal air pressure to increase, the internal gas can flow into the air pressure balancing component through the air pipe, thereby balancing the air pressure in the motor, avoiding damage to internal components and sealing structures caused by excessive internal air pressure, thereby ensuring the service life and waterproof performance of the electrical equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the lead wire is installed on the motor in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lead wire in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the lead in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the lead in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 is another cross-sectional view of the lead in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trachea in the first embodiment of the present utility model; and

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lead in the second embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Explanation of the reference numerals: 100-lead; 200-stator; 201-connecting hole; 202-conductor wire hole; 203-second inclined plane; 1-isolating sealing sleeve; 2-locking sleeve; 3-protective sealing sleeve; 4-fastener; 5-gasket; 6-trachea; 7-air pressure balancing component; 20-wiring harness; 21-power supply line; 22-data line; 23-outer skin; 11-wire hole; trachea hole 12; 111-power supply line hole; 112-data line hole; 31-covering portion; 32-extension portion; 33-step portion; 311-first inclined plane; 61-support tube; 62-sealing tube; 63-annular protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments specifically illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] The lead wire of the utility model can be installed on any electrical equipment that requires sealing and waterproof performance, such as the hub motor in an electric vehicle that may be exposed to rain, splashing water on the road, etc., or other electrical equipment such as motors in water-related environments, such as turbines, water pump motors, etc.

[0027] <Example 1>

[0028] This embodiment is described by taking a hub motor in an electric vehicle as an example.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 The lead wire 100 is installed on the stator 200 of the hub motor, and the stator 200 is provided with a connecting hole 201 and a wire hole 202 which are connected to each other.

[0030] The connecting hole 201 is located on a side close to the outside of the motor and connected to the outside of the motor, the wire hole 202 is located on a side close to the inside of the motor and connected to the inside of the motor, and the inner diameter of the wire hole 202 is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting hole 201 .

[0031] A second inclined surface 203 with a gradually decreasing inner diameter is provided on one end of the connecting hole 201 close to the wire hole 202 , and an internal thread is provided on the side wall of the connecting hole 201 .

[0032] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The lead 100 includes a wiring harness 20, an isolation sealing sleeve 1, a locking sleeve 2, a protective sealing sleeve 3, a fastener 4, a gasket 5, an air pipe 6 and an air pressure balancing component 7.

[0033] The wiring harness 20 includes a plurality of wires, including a power supply wire 21 and a data wire 22 connected to an external power source, wherein the plurality of power supply wires 21 are distributed on the outer peripheral side of the data wire 22. The wiring harness 20 passes through the connection hole 201 and the wire hole 202, and the power supply wire 21 and the data wire 22 are respectively connected to the wires and the data wire inside the electrical device.

[0034] One end of the air pipe 6 extends toward the interior of the motor, and the other end extends out of the protective sealing sleeve 3; the air pressure balancing component 7 is arranged at the end of the air pipe extending out of the protective sealing sleeve 3, and an expansion space is provided in the air pressure balancing component 7, which is connected to the interior of the motor through the air pipe 6 and is used to balance the air pressure inside the motor.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The air pressure balancing component 7 is an air pressure balancing air film, which has an elastic film-like structure with a hollow interior. When the gas inside the motor expands due to heat, it flows into the air pressure balancing air film 7 through the air pipe 6, causing the air pressure balancing air film 7 to expand; when the gas inside the motor cools and contracts, the gas inside the air pressure balancing air film 7 flows back to the inside of the motor through the air pipe 6, causing the air pressure balancing air film 7 to contract.

[0036] In this embodiment, the air pressure balance component 7 is made of rubber material and has a bag-like structure. It is connected to the outer end of the air pipe 6 by integral vulcanization or gluing, and its interior is connected to the air pipe 6. The air pressure balance component 7 can be located in the empty space around the wheel hub motor. The length of the air pipe 6 is appropriately set so that the air pipe 6 can extend into such a space. At the same time, the end of the air pipe 6 is fixed by fixing buckles or bonding, so that the position of the air pressure balance component 7 can be fixed.

[0037] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5The isolation sealing sleeve 1 is sleeved on the wiring harness 20 , and is provided with a plurality of wire holes 11 and trachea holes 12 . The wire holes 11 include a power line hole 111 and a data line hole 112 , wherein the plurality of power line holes 111 and trachea holes 12 are distributed on the outer peripheral side of the data line hole 112 .

[0038] The size of the power supply wire 21 in the wire harness 20 corresponds to each power supply wire hole 111 one by one, and passes through the power supply wire hole 111 respectively; the size of the data wire 22 corresponds to the data wire hole 112, and passes through the data wire hole 112; the size of the air pipe 6 corresponds to the air pipe hole 12, and the air pipe 6 passes through the air pipe hole 12. Thus, the wire hole 11 accommodates each power supply wire 21, the data wire hole 112 accommodates the data wire 22, and the air pipe hole 12 accommodates the air pipe 6, and the isolation sealing sleeve 1 accommodates and isolates multiple wires and air pipes respectively.

[0039] In this embodiment, each wire hole accommodates one wire, thereby isolating each wire separately; in addition, two to three wires that do not require isolation can also be accommodated in the same wire hole.

[0040] The locking sleeve 2 is sleeved on the outside of the isolating and sealing sleeve 1 and is used to squeeze the isolating and sealing sleeve 1 so that each wire hole 11 squeezes and seals the power supply wire 21 , the data wire 22 and the air pipe 6 in the wire hole 11 .

[0041] In this embodiment, the locking sleeve 2 is a metal sleeve. After the locking sleeve 2 is squeezed, the isolation sealing sleeve 1 is deformed inward (i.e., in the direction of the central axis), and the wire hole 11 is contracted, squeezing the wires and the air pipe 6 in the wiring harness 20. The locking sleeve 2 is a circular metal sleeve in an unassembled state. When assembled, it is squeezed by an external squeezing tool to form an octagon, so that the isolation sealing sleeve 1 is deformed inward (i.e., in the direction of the central axis), and the wire hole 11 is contracted, squeezing the wires and the air pipe 6 in the wiring harness 20.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The protective sealing sleeve 3 is arranged on a side close to the motor, and has a covering portion 31 sleeved on the outside of the isolation sealing sleeve 1 and an extending portion 32 extending from the covering portion 31 in a direction away from the electrical device, and a step portion 33 is provided between the covering portion 31 and the extending portion 32.

[0043] The extension portion 32 wraps around a portion of the exposed wire and a portion of the outer sheath 23 , so that the protective sealing sleeve 3 completely wraps around the transition portion between the exposed wire and the outer sheath 23 .

[0044] Furthermore, the extension portion 32 is provided with an arc portion 34 with a gradually decreasing outer diameter, and the air pipe 6 extends from the arc portion 34, so that the connection end of the air pipe 6 and the protective sealing sleeve 3 is more stable, thereby improving the local connection strength of the air pipe 6 and the protective sealing sleeve 3.

[0045] Among them, a first inclined surface 311 with a gradually decreasing outer diameter is provided at one end of the covering portion 31 close to the motor, and the inclination angle of the first inclined surface 311 is adapted to the second inclined surface 203. The fastener 4 is preferably a nut, which is threadedly connected to the connecting hole, and the first inclined surface 311 is pressed against the second inclined surface 203 by rotating the nut.

[0046] Furthermore, the fastener 4 abuts against the step portion 33, and a gasket 5 is installed between the fastener 4 and the step portion 33. The fastener 4 is screwed to make the gasket 5 abut against and squeeze the step end surface at the step portion 33, so that the first inclined surface 311 on the covering portion 31 squeezes the second inclined surface 203, thereby achieving an interference fit between the protective sealing sleeve 3 and the connecting hole 201 in the stator 200.

[0047] Furthermore, the isolation sealing sleeve 1 is made of rubber material, and the protection sealing sleeve 3 is made of rubber material, so the isolation sealing sleeve 1 and the protection sealing sleeve 3 have a certain elasticity, and the protection sealing sleeve 3 is formed on the outside of the isolation sealing sleeve 1, the locking sleeve 2 and part of the wiring harness 20 by vulcanization.

[0048] Reference Figure 6 The air pipe 6 includes a support tube 61 and a sealing tube 62. The support tube 61 is arranged inside the sealing tube 62. The support tube 61 is a spring-like structure made of metal wire, and its pitch is equal to the outer diameter of the metal wire, so that two adjacent turns of the metal wire fit each other. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the support tube 61 is 1.5 mm, the diameter of the metal wire is 0.5 mm, and the pitch is 0.5 mm.

[0049] As an alternative, the inner diameter of the support tube 61 may also be 1 mm to 1.5 mm, the wire diameter of a single metal wire may also be 0.25 mm to 0.5 mm, and the pitch of the support tube 61 may be consistent with the outer diameter of the metal wire.

[0050] The sealing tube 62 is coated outside the support tube 61 and is a flexible material layer. Specifically, the sealing tube 62 can be a rubber layer formed on the support tube 61 by integral vulcanization, or a heat shrinkable material layer sleeved on the support tube 61 by heat shrinking.

[0051] Furthermore, two adjacent annular protrusions 63 are provided at the end of the sealing tube 62, and an annular groove is formed between the two annular protrusions 63. The air pressure balance component 7 has an opening, which is installed on the annular groove. The annular protrusions 63 can also be three or four, but the utility model is not limited to this.

[0052] In this embodiment, the protective sealing sleeve 3 is made of rubber material, such as NBR, FKM, EPDM, etc.; the locking sleeve 2 is a metal ring, such as an aluminum ring; the gasket 5 is made of copper or stainless steel; the fastener 4 is made of copper or stainless steel; the metal wire of the support tube 61 is steel wire.

[0053] Functions and Effects of Embodiment 1

[0054] Generally, the outer skin 23 is made of high temperature resistant fluororubber material, and fluororubber and other rubber materials have the characteristic of being difficult to bond. For example, the outer skin 23 and the wire skin are not easy to bond as one, and even if they are bonded, gaps are likely to occur, resulting in the risk of liquid leakage. In this embodiment, the deformation of the locking sleeve 2 causes the isolation and sealing sleeve 1 to squeeze the wires in the wiring harness, thereby achieving isolation and sealing. Therefore, it is possible to ensure sealing while achieving electrical connection, and achieve no leakage inside the wiring harness 20, thereby avoiding the risks of liquid leakage, wire failure, etc. caused by the non-bonding of fluororubber and other rubber materials.

[0055] In the embodiment, since the protective sealing sleeve 3 is formed by wrapping the isolation sealing sleeve 1 and the locking sleeve 2 outside by vulcanization, and the protective sealing sleeve 3 is formed with a covering portion 31 and an extending portion 32, which wrap the transition portion between the exposed wires and the outer skin 23, the sealing performance between the outer skin 23 and the exposed wires can be achieved and strengthened, thereby preventing liquid from penetrating into the inside of the wiring harness from the outside.

[0056] This embodiment is also provided with an air pipe 6 and an air pressure balance component 7. When the motor is working, the motor generates heat, causing the gas inside the motor to be heated. The air pipe 6 can guide the gas to the air pressure balance component 7, thereby balancing the air pressure inside the motor, avoiding damage to the internal components and sealing structure of the motor caused by excessive air pressure. Therefore, without providing an additional air pressure balance structure, the normal operation and service life of the motor can be guaranteed, and the waterproof performance can be further ensured.

[0057] The fastener 4 is tightly connected to the motor and abuts against the step portion 33, so that the covering portion 31 of the protective sealing sleeve 3 and the motor squeeze the second inclined surface 203 through the first inclined surface 311. The interference fit realizes a waterproof seal between the lead wire and the motor, preventing external accumulated water from entering the motor through the connecting gap between the lead wire and the motor, and further improving the waterproof performance of the lead wire and the waterproof performance of the motor.

[0058] The isolation sealing sleeve 1 and the protective sealing sleeve 3 are made of rubber material, so that the isolation sealing sleeve 1 and the protective sealing sleeve 3 have a certain elasticity, so that the sealing performance of the isolation sealing sleeve 1 after being squeezed by the locking sleeve 2 is stronger, and the sealing performance between the protective sealing sleeve 3 and the connecting hole 201 after being squeezed is also stronger; further, the isolation sealing sleeve 1 and the protective sealing sleeve 3 are both made of rubber material, and the protective sealing sleeve 3 is formed on the outside of the isolation sealing sleeve 1 and the wiring harness 20 by vulcanization, which can improve the tightness of the combination of the protective sealing sleeve 3 with the isolation sealing sleeve 1 and the wiring harness 20, and the waterproof performance is better.

[0059] Due to the provision of the gasket 5, when the fastener 4 is screwed, there is only squeezing force but no cutting force between the gasket and the fastener, and both the gasket 5 and the fastener 4 are made of metal, so no damage will occur between the gasket 5 and the fastener 4 during rotation and squeezing.

[0060] In the trachea 6, the support tube 61 is arranged inside the sealing tube 62, and the support tube 61 is formed by extending the metal wire along the spiral line, thereby improving the overall toughness and bending adaptability of the trachea 6, so that when the trachea 6 is bent due to external force, there will be no local blockage due to sharp bends, thereby ensuring the ventilation volume, and the trachea 6 can quickly recover after the external force is eliminated. In addition, the sealing tube 62 is not easy to be damaged. In addition, the pitch of the metal wire is equal to the outer diameter of the metal wire, so that when the bending part of the sealing tube 62 is bent, the extent of being pulled by the support tube 61 is small, and it is not easy to cause local tearing and damage.

[0061] Each wire and air pipe 6 in the wiring harness 20 are separated by the isolating sealing sleeve 1, and then the isolating sealing sleeve 1 is squeezed by the locking sleeve 2 so that the isolating sealing sleeve 1 squeezes and tightens each wire and air pipe, and then the protective sealing sleeve 3 is formed outside the wiring harness 20, the isolating sealing sleeve 1, part of the air pipe 6 and the locking sleeve 2 by vulcanization, and then the protective sealing sleeve 3 is squeezed by the fastener 4 so that the interference fit between the protective sealing sleeve 3 and the connecting hole 201 is achieved to achieve the sealing of the protective sealing sleeve 3 and the connecting hole 201, which perfectly realizes the sealed connection between each exposed wire, between the wire and the outer skin, and between the protective sealing sleeve 3 and the connecting hole 201, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the lead wire and the waterproof performance of the motor.

[0062] According to experiments, the lead wire of this embodiment can prevent water leakage in water depths of 1.5 meters to 30 meters. Therefore, when the hub motor on an electric vehicle is used in a wading environment, splashing road water and other liquids can be prevented from entering the motor, thereby improving the life and safety performance of the motor and the entire vehicle.

[0063] <Example 2>

[0064] The main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the lead wire in this embodiment does not contain a wire harness.

[0065] Reference Figure 7 The lead wire of this embodiment comprises an isolation sealing sleeve 1, a locking sleeve 2, a protective sealing sleeve 3, a fastener 4, a gasket 5, an air pipe 6 and an air pressure balance component 7. Among them, the isolation sealing sleeve 1 is only provided with an air pipe hole, and the structures of the locking sleeve 2, the protective sealing sleeve 3, the fastener 4 and the gasket 5 are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0066] Compared with the first embodiment, the lead wire of this embodiment does not contain a wire harness, and therefore is not used as a lead wire cable. When the electrical device does not contain a lead wire cable (such as a rechargeable device), or the layout near the lead wire of the device is not suitable for arranging the air pressure balance component 7 (for example, the space near the lead wire is relatively narrow), the lead wire of this embodiment is more suitable.

[0067] The above implementation modes are preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lead wire for air pressure balance, installed on electrical equipment, characterized in that: At least: An isolation sealing sleeve is provided with a trachea hole; A protective sealing sleeve, arranged on a side close to the electrical equipment, and comprising a covering portion sleeved on the outside of the isolation sealing sleeve and an extending portion extending from the covering portion in a direction away from the electrical equipment; An air pipe is inserted into the air pipe hole, one end of which extends toward the inside of the electrical equipment and the other end of which extends out of the protective sealing sleeve; as well as An air pressure balancing component is arranged at the other end of the air pipe extending out of the protective sealing sleeve, and has an expansion space therein for balancing the air pressure inside the electrical equipment.

2. The lead wire for air pressure balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The trachea comprises: a support tube made of a wire material; and A sealing tube covering the support tube, Wherein, the support tube is formed by extending a metal wire along a spiral line, and the pitch of the metal wire is equal to the outer diameter of the metal wire.

3. The air pressure balancing lead wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: in, The inner diameter of the support tube is 1 mm to 1.5 mm. The outer diameter of the metal wire is 0.25 mm to 0.5 mm.

4. The air pressure balancing lead wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: in, The sealing tube is provided with two adjacent annular protrusions at the end portion thereof. An annular groove is formed between the two annular protrusions for mounting the air pressure balancing component.

5. The air pressure balancing lead wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The air pressure balancing component is an air pressure balancing air membrane, and the air pressure balancing air membrane has an elastic membrane structure with a hollow interior.

6. The air pressure balancing lead wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A fastener, used for fastening connection with the electrical equipment, Wherein, a step portion is provided between the covering portion and the extending portion, and the fastener abuts against the step portion, so that the covering portion of the protective sealing sleeve is interference-fitted with the electrical equipment.

7. The air pressure balancing lead wire according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A wiring harness, comprising at least a plurality of wires consisting of a plurality of power supply wires connected to an external power source, The isolation sealing sleeve is provided with a plurality of wire holes. The wire holes also include a power supply wire hole for allowing the power supply wire to pass through.

8. The air pressure balancing lead wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The extending portion is provided with an arc portion with a gradually decreasing outer diameter, and the air pipe extends out from the arc portion.

9. A motor, characterized in that: A lead wire for air pressure balance is installed, and the lead wire for air pressure balance is the lead wire for air pressure balance according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: A motor comprising the motor described in claim 9.

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