Rainwater drainage system based on sponge facility

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rainwater drainage system based on a sponge facility, and belongs to the technical field of drainage systems. The device comprises a rainwater flower box, a sunken greenbelt, a grass planting ditch and an overflow well, the rainwater flower box is arranged on a building wall and used for purifying roof rainwater discharged by the rainwater down pipe, and the purified rainwater is discharged to the sunken greenbelt through the drainage pipe. The grass planting ditch is used for receiving rainwater of the transfer road and the greenbelt to the overflow well; the overflow well is composed of a well body, a well lid and a planting cavity formed by sinking the middle of the well lid, and plants are planted in the planting cavity to form a miniature rainwater garden. The device can realize whole-process treatment of initial rainwater and middle and later rainwater of the roof, can effectively reduce the pollutant content of runoff rainwater, has the functions of rainwater retention and storage and on-site purification, improves the utilization rate of water resources, combines the device with the surrounding landscape environment, creates a graceful water ecological environment and urban landscape, and improves the livability of cities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of drainage systems, and more specifically to a rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities. Background Art

[0002] With the high-density construction of cities, the area of ​​green space has been continuously reduced, resulting in a decrease in biodiversity, a significant increase in the heat island effect, and poor living comfort. Since the initial rainwater dissolves pollutants such as acidic gases, automobile exhaust, and factory exhaust in the air, it washes roofs, asphalt concrete roads, construction sites, etc. after landing, so that the initial rainwater contains a large amount of organic matter, pathogens, toxins that affect the growth of plants and animals, heavy metals, grease, suspended solids and other pollutants, and the pollution level is relatively high. Discharging the initial rainwater directly into rivers, lakes and other natural water bodies will cause serious pollution to the water body and waste water resources.

[0003] At present, rainwater from roofs is generally discharged directly to green spaces through downpipes, which cannot solve the problems of rainwater pollution and water resource stagnation formed on roofs, and the appearance is difficult to coordinate with the community environment. Therefore, it is urgent to change and optimize the existing roof drainage methods, enhance the green space's function of purifying and storing rainwater, and improve the ecology, nature, and livability of the urban environment. Utility Model Content

[0004] 1. Technical problems to be solved by the utility model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities. The utility model can solve the pollution problems of initial rainwater on the roof and the low water resource utilization rate in the prior art, has the functions of on-site purification and rainwater retention, can realize the whole process treatment of initial rainwater on the roof and mid- and late-stage rainwater, can effectively reduce the pollutant content of runoff rainwater, has the functions of rainwater retention and on-site purification, improves the water resource utilization rate, combines the device with the surrounding landscape environment, creates a beautiful water ecological environment and urban landscape, and enhances the livability of the city.

[0006] 2. Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:

[0008] The utility model discloses a rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities, comprising a rainwater flower box, a sunken green space, a grass-planting ditch and an overflow well. The rainwater flower box is arranged on one side of a building wall, and the rainwater flower box is composed of a pebble buffer layer, a planting layer, a filtering geomembrane, a crushed stone drainage layer and a drainage pipe.

[0009] The pebble buffer layer is located directly below the outlet of the rainwater pipe, a planting layer is laid at the bottom of the pebble buffer layer, a filtering geomembrane is arranged at the bottom of the planting layer, and a crushed stone drainage layer is arranged at the bottom of the filtering geomembrane;

[0010] A plurality of drainage pipes are evenly arranged at the bottom of the pool wall of the rainwater flower box, the inner side of the drainage pipe is embedded in a gravel drainage layer, and the outer side of the drainage pipe is connected to a sunken green space;

[0011] An overflow well is provided in the middle of the sunken green space;

[0012] The grass-planting ditch is arranged on the side of the sunken green space close to the road, and the grass-planting ditch is used to receive and transfer rainwater from the road to the overflow well;

[0013] The overflow well is composed of a well body, a well cover and a planting cavity formed by a depression in the middle of the well cover. Plants are planted in the planting cavity to form a miniature rainwater garden.

[0014] Furthermore, the body of the rainwater flower box is made of 8-10mm thick fiberglass, and the body has multiple layers of water purification filter materials built in. The pebble particle size in the pebble buffer layer is 20-50mm, and the thickness of the pebble buffer layer is 5-8cm; the gravel particle size in the gravel drainage layer is 20-30mm, and the thickness of the gravel drainage layer is 15-20cm.

[0015] Furthermore, the size of the rainwater flower box can be set to a two-stage flower box according to the specific conditions of the site. A vertically placed partition is set in the middle of the rainwater flower box to separate the rainwater flower box into a first-level flower box a and a second-level flower box b. The first-level flower box is 10 to 15 cm higher than the second-level flower box. The top of the partition is set in a serrated shape to facilitate rainwater overflow into the second-level flower box. The first-level flower box a and the second-level flower box b are composed of a pebble buffer layer, a planting layer, a filtration geomembrane, and a gravel drainage layer from top to bottom.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner side of the drainage pipe is embedded in the gravel drainage layer by 5 cm to 8 cm.

[0017] Furthermore, the planting layers are, from top to bottom, a matrix soil layer, a filter layer I, a filter layer II and a filter layer III; the matrix soil layer is 10 cm to 15 cm thick and can be used to plant plants; the filter layer I uses quartz sand filter material with a thickness of 15 cm to 20 cm; the filter layer II uses manganese sand filter material with a particle size of 5 mm to 8 mm and a thickness of 12 cm to 15 cm; the filter layer III uses high-density garnet filter material with a particle size of 5 mm to 8 mm and a thickness of 20 cm to 25 cm.

[0018] Furthermore, the grass-planting ditch is paved along the outside of the curbstone and is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the road. A horizontal shallow dish-shaped grass-planting ditch is arranged at the intersection with the overflow well to connect with the longitudinal grass-planting ditch. The cross-section of the grass-planting ditch is trapezoidal or an arc with a concave bottom. The upper opening is 20 to 30 cm wide and 15 cm deep. The upper end surface is flush with the top of the sunken green space, and erosion-resistant grass is planted in the grass-planting ditch.

[0019] Furthermore, the manhole cover of the overflow well protrudes out of the ground, the middle part of the manhole cover is concave to form a planting cavity, a water inlet is opened on the side wall of the manhole cover, and a number of guide plates are evenly distributed at the water inlet port, one end of the guide plate is connected to the outer wall of the planting cavity, and the other end extends to the side wall of the manhole cover of the overflow well.

[0020] Furthermore, a ventilation pipe is connected to the bottom of the planting cavity, and the ventilation pipe is connected to the overflow well;

[0021] The bottom side wall of the overflow well is connected with a rainwater drainage pipe to drain the rainwater to the municipal pipe network.

[0022] Furthermore, the plants planted in the planting cavity and the plants planted on the surface of the substrate soil layer are moisture-resistant and drought-resistant, and can be any one or more of Phragmites australis, ferns, calla lilies, asparagus, irises, lilies, and cannas.

[0023] Furthermore, the filtration geomembrane is made of permeable geotextile with a permeability coefficient greater than 5*10- 5 m / s;

[0024] A gap is provided between the filtering geomembrane and the partition plate, and the vertical distance between the upper surface of the filtering geomembrane and the lower surface of the partition plate is 8-10 cm; the thickness of the gravel drainage layer is 15 cm, and the slope is greater than 0.3%.

[0025] 3. Beneficial effects

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The system regulates and stores initial and mid- to late-stage rainwater through pebble energy dissipation and plant and filter material purification in rainwater flower boxes. It can effectively reduce the pollutant content of runoff rainwater, has the functions of rainwater retention and on-site purification, and can significantly improve the utilization rate of water resources.

[0028] (2) Rainwater flower boxes are used to plant different plants, which increases vegetation diversity and the vertical spatial level of the landscape. They have the advantages of simple construction technology and low cost. By combining the device with the surrounding landscape environment, they create a beautiful water ecological environment and urban landscape, thereby improving the livability of the city.

[0029] (3) An environmentally friendly overflow well is used, and the middle part of the well cover is recessed to form a planting cavity. Various types of plants are planted in the planting cavity to form a miniature rainwater garden with water storage function and natural landscape characteristics. In addition, guide plates are evenly distributed on the water inlet of the side wall of the well cover. The guide plates can restrain the water flow and suppress turbulence, and the ventilation pipe can reduce the negative pressure in the well, thereby improving the drainage capacity of the overflow well. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the drainage system of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the drainage system of the present utility model.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Rainwater flower box; 11. Pebble buffer layer; 12. Planting layer; 121. Matrix soil layer; 122. Filter layer I; 123. Filter layer II; 124. Filter layer III; 13. Filter geomembrane; 14. Gravel drainage layer; 15. Drain pipe; 16. Divider; 2. Sunken green space; 3. Grass-planted ditch; 4. Overflow well; 41. Well body; 42. Well cover; 43. Planting cavity; 44. Water inlet; 45. Guide plate; 46. Vent pipe; 47. Rainwater drainage pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0034] Example 1

[0035] from Figure 1-2 It can be seen that a rainwater drainage system based on a sponge facility in this embodiment includes a rainwater flower box 1, a sunken green space 2, a grass-planted ditch 3 and an overflow well 4. The rainwater flower box 1 is arranged on one side of a building wall. The rainwater flower box 1 is composed of a pebble buffer layer 11, a planting layer 12, a filtering geomembrane 13, a crushed stone drainage layer 14 and a drainage pipe 15.

[0036] The pebble buffer layer 11 is located directly below the outlet of the rainwater downpipe, a planting layer 12 is laid at the bottom of the pebble buffer layer 11, a filtering geomembrane 13 is arranged at the bottom of the planting layer 12, and a crushed stone drainage layer 14 is arranged at the bottom of the filtering geomembrane 13;

[0037] A plurality of drainage pipes 15 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the pool wall of the rainwater flower box 1. The inner side of the drainage pipe 15 is embedded in the gravel drainage layer 14. The inner side of the drainage pipe 15 is embedded in the gravel drainage layer 14 by 5 cm to 8 cm. The outer side of the drainage pipe 15 is connected to the sunken green space 2.

[0038] An overflow well 4 is provided in the middle of the sunken green space 2;

[0039] The grass-planting ditch 3 is arranged on the side of the sunken green space 2 close to the road, and the grass-planting ditch 3 is used to receive and transfer rainwater from the road to the overflow well 4;

[0040] The overflow well 4 is composed of a well body 41, a well cover 42 and a planting cavity 43 formed by a depression in the middle of the well cover 42. Plants are planted in the planting cavity 43 to form a miniature rain garden.

[0041] The body of the rainwater flower box 1 is made of 8-10mm thick fiberglass, and the body has multiple layers of water purification filter materials built in. The pebble particle size in the pebble buffer layer 11 is 20-50mm, and the thickness of the pebble buffer layer 11 is 5-8cm, which is used to buffer and reduce the kinetic energy of rainwater and protect the matrix soil layer; the gravel particle size in the gravel drainage layer 14 is 20-30mm, and the thickness of the gravel drainage layer 14 is 15-20cm, which ensures that the purified rainwater is smoothly discharged into the green space.

[0042] The planting layer 12 comprises, from top to bottom, a matrix soil layer 121, a filter layer I 122, a filter layer II 123 and a filter layer III 124; the matrix soil layer 121 has a thickness of 10 cm to 15 cm and can be used to plant plants; the filter layer I 122 uses quartz sand filter material with a thickness of 15 cm to 20 cm; the filter layer II 123 uses manganese sand filter material with a particle size of 5 mm to 8 mm and a thickness of 12 cm to 15 cm; the filter layer III 124 uses high-density garnet filter material with a particle size of 5 mm to 8 mm and a thickness of 20 cm to 25 cm.

[0043] The grass-planting ditch 3 is paved outside the curbstone and is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the road. A horizontal shallow dish-shaped grass-planting ditch is arranged at the intersection with the overflow well 4 to connect with the longitudinal grass-planting ditch; if the curbstone is vertical, a rectangular opening is arranged on the curbstone.

[0044] The cross section of the grass-planting ditch 3 is a trapezoid or an arc with a concave bottom, the upper opening is 20 to 30 cm wide and 15 cm deep, the upper end surface is flush with the top of the sunken green space 2, and erosion-resistant grass is planted in the grass-planting ditch 3.

[0045] The manhole cover 42 of the overflow well 4 protrudes out of the ground, and the middle part of the manhole cover 42 is concave to form a planting cavity 43. A water inlet 44 is opened on the side wall of the manhole cover 42, and a plurality of guide plates 45 are evenly distributed at the end of the water inlet 44. One end of the guide plate 45 is connected to the outer wall of the planting cavity 43, and the other end extends to the side wall position of the manhole cover 42 of the overflow well 4.

[0046] A ventilation pipe 46 is connected to the bottom of the planting cavity 43, and the ventilation pipe 46 is connected to the overflow well 4;

[0047] A rainwater drainage pipe 47 is connected to the side wall at the bottom of the overflow well 4. The height of the rainwater drainage pipe 47 is 10 cm from the bottom surface of the overflow well 4, and rainwater can be discharged to the municipal pipe network.

[0048] The plants planted in the planting cavity 43 and the plants planted on the surface of the matrix soil layer 121 are moisture-resistant and drought-resistant, and can be any one or more of Phragmites australis, ferns, calla lilies, asparagus, irises, lilies, and cannas.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] from Figure 1-2 It can be seen that the rainwater drainage system based on the sponge facility of this embodiment includes a rainwater flower box 1, a sunken green space 2, a grass-planting ditch 3 and an overflow well 4. The size of the rainwater flower box 1 can be set as a two-stage flower box according to the specific conditions of the site, so as to improve the water retention capacity and enrich the vertical space of the vegetation landscape. Figure 2 As shown, a vertically placed partition plate 16 is arranged in the middle of the rainwater flower box 1 to divide the rainwater flower box 1 into a primary flower box a and a secondary flower box b. The primary flower box is 10 to 15 cm higher than the secondary flower box. The top of the partition plate 16 is arranged in a serrated shape to facilitate the overflow of rainwater into the secondary flower box. The primary flower box a and the secondary flower box b are respectively composed of a pebble buffer layer 11, a planting layer 12, a filtration geomembrane 13, and a gravel drainage layer 14 from top to bottom.

[0051] The pebble buffer layer 11 of the first-level flower box a is located directly below the outlet of the rainwater downpipe, the pebble buffer layer 11 of the second-level flower box is located directly below the rainwater overflow outlet, and a plurality of drainage pipes 15 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the flower box pool wall, the inner side of the drainage pipe 15 is embedded in the gravel drainage layer by 5cm to 8cm, and the outer side is connected to the sunken green space 2;

[0052] The filtration geomembrane 13 adopts a permeable geotextile with a permeability coefficient greater than 5*10- 5 m / s;

[0053] The filtration geomembrane 13 plays a role of water permeability and filtration, preventing the fine particles above from clogging the gravel drainage layer 14;

[0054] A gap is provided between the filtering geomembrane 13 and the partition plate 16 for water to pass through; the vertical distance between the upper surface of the filtering geomembrane 13 and the lower surface of the partition plate 16 is 8-10 cm; the thickness of the gravel drainage layer 14 is 15 cm, and the slope is greater than 0.3%.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] from Figure 1-2It can be seen that the rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities in this embodiment includes a rainwater flower box 1, a sunken green space 2, a grass-planting ditch 3 and an overflow well 4. The well cover 42 of the overflow well 4 is in an inverted bowl shape and sealed on the top of the well wall. The middle of the well cover 42 is concave to form a planting cavity 43 for planting plants. The side wall of the well cover 42 is bent upward in an arc shape, and a water inlet 44 is arranged on the side wall. The water inlet 44 is evenly arranged with guide plates 45 along the arc of the well cover 42. One end of the guide plate 45 is connected to the outer wall of the planting cavity 43, and the other end extends to the intersection of the well wall of the overflow well 4 and the well cover 42;

[0057] In addition, a ventilation pipe 46 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the planting cavity, and small holes are evenly provided at the bottom of the planting cavity 43, with a hole diameter of 0.5 to 1 cm, and the ventilation pipe 46 is connected to the overflow well 4;

[0058] The guide plate 45, the vent pipe 46 and the opening can significantly increase the water flow rate through the water inlet of the overflow well 4, thereby increasing the water flow capacity of the overflow well; the planting cavity 43 has a water storage function and can be used to plant various types of plants in different seasons. After the plants grow, the well cover 42 can be covered to maintain coordination with the landscape plants in the sponge facility.

[0059] The present application provides a rainwater drainage system based on a sponge facility, which can solve the pollution problems of initial rainwater on the roof and the low utilization rate of water resources in the prior art, and has the functions of on-site purification and rainwater retention.

[0060] The present application discloses a rainwater drainage device and system based on sponge facilities, including a rainwater flower box 1, a sunken green space 2, a grass-planting ditch 3 and an overflow well 4; the rainwater flower box 1 is set on the building wall, and is composed of a pebble buffer layer 11, a planting layer 12, a filtering geomembrane 13, a crushed stone drainage layer 14 and a drainage pipe 15, which is used to purify the roof rainwater discharged from the rain downpipe, and the purified rainwater is discharged to the sunken green space 2 through the drainage pipe; the grass-planting ditch 3 is used to receive and transfer the rainwater from the road and the green space to the overflow well 4; the overflow well 4 is composed of a well body 41, a well cover 42 and a planting cavity 43 formed by a concave middle part of the well cover 42, and plants are planted in the planting cavity 43 to form a miniature rainwater garden. The utility model can realize the whole process treatment of the initial rainwater and the mid-to-late rainwater on the roof, can effectively reduce the pollutant content of the runoff rainwater, has the functions of rainwater retention and on-site purification, improves the utilization rate of water resources, combines the device with the surrounding landscape environment, creates a beautiful water ecological environment and urban landscape, and improves the livability of the city.

[0061] The above schematically describes the present invention and its implementation methods, which are not restrictive. The drawings show only one implementation method of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities, comprising a rainwater flower box (1), a sunken green space (2), a grass-planting ditch (3) and an overflow well (4), characterized in that: The rainwater flower box (1) is arranged on one side of a building wall, and is composed of a pebble buffer layer (11), a planting layer (12), a filtering geomembrane (13), a crushed stone drainage layer (14) and a drainage pipe (15); The pebble buffer layer (11) is located directly below the outlet of the rainwater downpipe, a planting layer (12) is laid at the bottom of the pebble buffer layer (11), a filtering geomembrane (13) is arranged at the bottom of the planting layer (12), and a crushed stone drainage layer (14) is arranged at the bottom of the filtering geomembrane (13); A plurality of drainage pipes (15) are evenly arranged at the bottom of the pool wall of the rainwater flower box (1), the inner side of the drainage pipe (15) is embedded in a gravel drainage layer (14), and the outer side of the drainage pipe (15) is connected to the sunken green space (2); An overflow well (4) is provided in the middle of the sunken green space (2); The grass-planting ditch (3) is arranged on a side of the sunken green space (2) close to the road, and the grass-planting ditch (3) is used to receive and transfer rainwater from the road to the overflow well (4); The overflow well (4) is composed of a well body (41), a well cover (42) and a planting cavity (43) formed by a depression in the middle of the well cover (42); the planting cavity (43) is used to plant plants and form a miniature rain garden.

2. A rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body of the rainwater flower box (1) is made of a glass fiber reinforced plastic material with a thickness of 8 to 10 mm, and a plurality of layers of water purification filter material are built into the body. The pebble particle size in the pebble buffer layer (11) is 20 to 50 mm, and the thickness of the pebble buffer layer (11) is 5 to 8 cm; the crushed stone particle size in the crushed stone drainage layer (14) is 20 to 30 mm, and the thickness of the crushed stone drainage layer (14) is 15 to 20 cm.

3. A rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities according to claim 2, characterized in that: The size of the rainwater flower box (1) can be set as a two-stage flower box according to the specific conditions of the site. A vertically placed partition plate (16) is set in the middle of the rainwater flower box (1) to separate the rainwater flower box (1) into a primary flower box a and a secondary flower box b. The primary flower box is 10 to 15 cm higher than the secondary flower box. The top of the partition plate (16) is set in a serrated shape to facilitate rainwater overflow into the secondary flower box. The primary flower box a and the secondary flower box b are composed of a pebble buffer layer (11), a planting layer (12), a filtering geomembrane (13), and a crushed stone drainage layer (14) from top to bottom.

4. A rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the drainage pipe (15) is embedded in the gravel drainage layer (14) by 5 cm to 8 cm.

5. A rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting layer (12) comprises, from top to bottom, a matrix soil layer (121), a filter layer I (122), a filter layer II (123) and a filter layer III (124); the matrix soil layer (121) has a thickness of 10 cm to 15 cm and can be used to plant plants; the filter layer I (122) uses quartz sand filter material with a thickness of 15 cm to 20 cm; the filter layer II (123) uses manganese sand filter material with a particle size of 5 mm to 8 mm and a thickness of 12 cm to 15 cm; the filter layer III (124) uses high-density garnet filter material with a particle size of 5 mm to 8 mm and a thickness of 20 cm to 25 cm.

6. A rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grass-planting ditch (3) is paved outside the curbstone and is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the road. A horizontal shallow dish-shaped grass-planting ditch is arranged at the intersection with the overflow well (4) to communicate with the longitudinal grass-planting ditch. The cross section of the grass-planting ditch (3) is a trapezoid or an arc with a concave bottom. The upper opening is 20 to 30 cm wide and 15 cm deep. The upper end surface is flush with the top of the sunken green space (2). The grass-planting ditch (3) is planted with erosion-resistant grass.

7. A rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manhole cover (42) of the overflow well (4) protrudes from the ground, the middle part of the manhole cover (42) is concave to form a planting cavity (43), the side wall of the manhole cover (42) is provided with a water inlet (44), and a plurality of guide plates (45) are evenly distributed at the port of the water inlet (44), one end of the guide plate (45) is connected to the outer wall of the planting cavity (43), and the other end extends to the side wall of the manhole cover (42) of the overflow well (4).

8. A rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the planting cavity (43) is connected with a ventilation pipe (46), and the ventilation pipe (46) is in communication with the overflow well (4); The bottom side wall of the overflow well (4) is connected to a rainwater drainage pipe (47) to drain the rainwater to the municipal pipe network.

9. A rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The plants planted in the planting cavity (43) and the plants planted on the surface of the matrix soil layer (121) are moisture-resistant and drought-resistant, and can be any one or more of Phragmites australis, ferns, calla lilies, asparagus, irises, lilies, and cannas.

10. A rainwater drainage system based on sponge facilities according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filtration geomembrane (13) is made of permeable geotextile with a permeability coefficient greater than 5*10- 5 m / s; A gap is provided between the filtering geomembrane (13) and the partition plate (16), and the vertical distance between the upper surface of the filtering geomembrane (13) and the lower surface of the partition plate (16) is 8-10 cm; the thickness of the gravel drainage layer (14) is 15 cm, and the slope is greater than 0.3%.

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