A power supply circuit for avionics equipment
By designing avionics power supply circuits that support dual-channel power supply, including AC conditioning circuits, DC conditioning circuits, power gate circuits and power-down holding circuits, the dependence of equipment on single-channel power supply and abnormal working problems after power supply interruption in the prior art is solved, and higher versatility and power supply reliability are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421251965.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-04
AI Technical Summary
The existing avionics equipment power supply system generally only supports single power access, lacking sufficient protection for power switching and interruption, resulting in the equipment that may have short-term operation abnormalities and cannot continue to work after the external power supply is interrupted.
A power circuit including an AC conditioning circuit, a DC conditioning circuit, a power gate circuit and a power-down holding circuit are designed, which can support avionics equipment to access dual power supplies and provide backup power when external power supply is interrupted.
It realizes the support of dual-channel power supplies by avionics equipment, improves versatility and power supply reliability, ensures that the equipment can operate stably during power switching or interruption, and continues to provide power support after power supply is interrupted.
Smart Images
Figure CN222706393U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of avionics and relates to a power supply circuit for avionics equipment. Background Art
[0002] The aircraft power system generally provides two power sources: AC115V 400Hz and DC28V. Avionics equipment generally chooses to connect to one of them during installation, and generally does not support dual-channel simultaneous access. A few designs that support dual-channel simultaneous access have less consideration for special situations such as power switching or interruption, or do not take sufficient protective measures, and the equipment may experience short-term abnormal operation. In addition, recording equipment on aircraft is generally required to continue to work for more than 200ms after the external power supply is completely interrupted. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provide a power supply circuit for avionics equipment, which can support the avionics equipment to access dual power supplies and improve versatility and power supply reliability.
[0004] The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a power supply circuit for avionics equipment,
[0005] Including AC conditioning circuit, DC conditioning circuit, power gating circuit and power-off holding circuit;
[0006] The AC conditioning circuit is used to input an AC power supply and convert it into a target DC power supply and output it to the power gating circuit; the DC conditioning circuit is used to input a DC power supply and convert it into a target DC power supply and output it to the power gating circuit;
[0007] The power gating circuit is used to connect the AC conditioning circuit and / or the DC conditioning circuit with the power-off holding circuit by controlling the on / off states of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit;
[0008] The power-off holding circuit is used to connect to the load end, and to provide a backup power supply for the load when the voltage at the output end of the power gating circuit is less than a voltage threshold.
[0009] Furthermore, the power gating circuit includes a gating controller, a first switch, a second switch, a first voltage collection circuit and a second voltage collection circuit;
[0010] The first switch and the second switch are connected to the output ends of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit respectively; the first voltage acquisition circuit and the second voltage acquisition circuit are used to respectively acquire the voltages at the output ends of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit and send them to the gating controller;
[0011] Furthermore, the gating controller is used to control the on-off state of the first switch and the second switch according to the voltage at the output end of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit.
[0012] Furthermore, the selection controller adopts an OR controller, and the first switch and the second switch both adopt MOS tubes.
[0013] Furthermore, the model of the OR controller is JW7201DFNK.
[0014] Furthermore, the AC conditioning circuit includes a surge protection circuit, an EMI filter, an AC / DC module and a first DC filter circuit which are sequentially connected from input to output.
[0015] Furthermore, the DC conditioning circuit includes an overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuit, a DC / DC module and a second DC filtering circuit which are sequentially connected from input to output.
[0016] Furthermore, the output ends of the first switch and the second switch are both connected to the input end of the third DC filter circuit, and the output end of the third DC filter circuit serves as the output end of the power gating circuit.
[0017] Furthermore, the power-off holding circuit includes a power controller, an energy storage module, a third voltage sampling circuit, a third switch and a fourth switch;
[0018] The output end of the power gating circuit is connected to the load end through the third switch;
[0019] The energy storage module is connected to the load end through the fourth switch;
[0020] The power controller obtains the voltage of the output end of the power gating circuit through the third voltage sampling circuit, and controls the on-off state of the third switch and the fourth switch according to the voltage of the output end of the power gating circuit.
[0021] Furthermore, the energy storage module is a supercapacitor or a supercapacitor group.
[0022] Furthermore, the model of the power supply controller is LTC3350IUHF#PBF.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model include:
[0024] 1. The utility model can input different power supplies through the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit, and realize single-way power supply or dual-way power supply at the same time through the power supply gating circuit, so as to meet different power supply requirements and improve versatility.
[0025] 2. The utility model can provide backup power for avionics equipment after external power supply is interrupted by adding a power-off holding circuit, thereby improving the reliability of power supply.
[0026] 3. The selection controller adopts an OR controller. When the OR controller switches the power supply circuit, there is no current oscillation. The first switch and the second switch both use MOS tubes, which have the advantages of low on-state voltage, low delay and low power consumption.
[0027] 4. The energy storage module uses supercapacitors or supercapacitor groups, which can greatly increase the capacity, thereby extending the support time of the backup power supply for avionics equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main components of the utility model;
[0029] Figure 2 This is the principle diagram of the AC conditioning circuit of the utility model;
[0030] Figure 3 This is the principle diagram of the DC conditioning circuit of the utility model;
[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a power merging circuit of the utility model;
[0032] Figure 5 The utility model is a schematic diagram of a power-off holding circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
[0034] refer to Figure 1 As shown, a power supply circuit for avionics equipment:
[0035] It includes an AC conditioning circuit 12, a DC conditioning circuit 13, a power gating circuit 11 and a power-off holding circuit 10;
[0036] The AC conditioning circuit 12 is used to input an AC power supply and convert it into a target DC power supply and output it to the power gating circuit 11; the DC conditioning circuit 13 is used to input a DC power supply and convert it into a target DC power supply and output it to the power gating circuit 11;
[0037] The power gating circuit 11 is used to connect the AC conditioning circuit 12 and / or the DC conditioning circuit 13 with the power-off holding circuit 10 by controlling the on / off states of the AC conditioning circuit 12 and the DC conditioning circuit 13;
[0038] The power-off holding circuit 10 is used to connect to the load end and provide a backup power supply for the load when the voltage at the output end of the power gating circuit 11 is less than a voltage threshold.
[0039] The power supply circuit of the utility model for avionics equipment can input different power supplies through the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit, can connect the AC power supply or the DC power supply according to actual conditions, and can also connect the AC power supply and the DC power supply at the same time, and has good versatility.
[0040] When AC power and DC power are input at the same time, a dual redundant power supply is formed. When one of the two fails, the selection controller can shut down the failed power supply, and the remaining power supply continues to supply power, ensuring the continuous supply of power and providing power supply guarantee for the stable operation of avionics equipment. When the remaining power supply also fails, the power-off holding circuit can provide backup power to continue to provide power support for avionics equipment for a certain period of time, improving power supply reliability.
[0041] When only the AC power supply or DC power supply is connected, a single power supply is formed. When the single power supply fails, the power-off holding circuit can provide a backup power supply to continue to provide power support for the avionics equipment for a certain period of time, thereby improving the power supply reliability.
[0042] Example 1
[0043] This embodiment can be connected to two aviation power supplies: AC115V 400Hz and DC28V. The structures of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit are specifically described below.
[0044] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the AC conditioning circuit includes a surge protection circuit, an EMI filter, an AC / DC module and a first DC filter circuit which are sequentially connected from input to output.
[0045] The AC115V power supply is connected through the fuse F1, and passes through the surge protection circuit composed of varistors R1, R2, R3, gas discharge tubes V2, V3, V4, and bidirectional TVS tube V1, and then enters the EMI filter N1 to filter out various interferences. The AC / DC module N2 converts the AC into DC12V, and finally the converted DC12V is filtered and output.
[0046] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the DC conditioning circuit includes an overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuit, a DC / DC module and a second DC filter circuit connected in sequence from input to output. The DC28V power supply is filtered by a filter circuit composed of 8 capacitors (C11-C16, C19-C20) and 1 common mode inductor T1 after passing through the overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuit composed of fuse F2 and TVS tube V5, and then converted into DC12V by an isolated DCDC, and finally the converted DC12V is filtered and output.
[0047] Example 2
[0048] This embodiment adopts the following power gating circuit based on the embodiment 1, referring to Figure 4 As shown, the power gating circuit used in this embodiment includes a gating controller, a first switch, a second switch, a first voltage collection circuit and a second voltage collection circuit.
[0049] The first switch and the second switch are connected to the output ends of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit respectively; the first voltage acquisition circuit and the second voltage acquisition circuit are used to respectively acquire the voltages at the output ends of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit and send them to the selection controller.
[0050] The gating controller is used to control the on-off state of the first switch and the second switch according to the voltage at the output end of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit.
[0051] The selection controller obtains the voltages of the output ends of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit respectively through the first voltage acquisition circuit and the second voltage acquisition circuit, and can determine whether the AC conditioning circuit or the DC conditioning circuit is connected. Specifically, the voltages of the output ends of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit are compared with the target DC power. If the difference with the target DC power is within the allowable range, it is judged as normal connection, and the corresponding switch will be turned on. If the difference with the target DC power exceeds the allowable range, it is judged as a fault or not connected, and the corresponding switch will be disconnected.
[0052] When the first switch and the second switch are both turned on, since the voltages at the output ends of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit are both the target DC power, two parallel redundant power supplies are formed without affecting each other. When one of the power supplies is disconnected, it can smoothly transition to a single power supply.
[0053] In order to better realize the switching between single and double power supply, in this embodiment, the gate controller adopts an OR controller, and the model of the OR controller is JW7201DFNK. The first switch and the second switch both adopt MOS tubes.
[0054] The OR controller is also called an ideal diode controller, which can ensure that the current is smoothly transmitted from one path to another without current oscillation, thus ensuring the quality of power supply. Both the first switch and the second switch use MOS tubes, which have the advantages of low on-state voltage drop, low delay, and low power consumption.
[0055] In order to further improve the power supply quality, the output ends of the first power switch and the second switch are both connected to the input end of the third DC filter circuit, and the output end of the third DC filter circuit serves as the output end of the power supply gating circuit.
[0056] like Figure 4As shown, two DC12V power supplies enter the OR controller N4 through the voltage divider circuit composed of R11-R15, wherein the first voltage acquisition circuit includes resistors R11 and R13, and the second voltage acquisition circuit includes resistors R12 and R15. A logical OR operation is performed in the OR controller N4, and then the OR controller N4 controls the on and off states of the MOS tubes V6 and V9 according to the voltage comparison result, and the selected DC12V is output to the power-off holding circuit after passing through the third DC filter circuit (including capacitors C23, C24, and C25).
[0057] Example 3
[0058] This embodiment adopts the following power-off holding circuit based on the embodiment 2, referring to Figure 5 As shown, the power-off holding circuit of this embodiment includes a power controller, an energy storage module, a third voltage sampling circuit, a third switch and a fourth switch;
[0059] The output end of the power gating circuit is connected to the load end through the third switch;
[0060] The energy storage module is connected to the load end through the fourth switch;
[0061] The power controller obtains the voltage of the output end of the power gating circuit through the third voltage sampling circuit, and controls the on-off state of the third switch and the fourth switch according to the voltage of the output end of the power gating circuit.
[0062] In order to extend the backup power supply's support time for avionics equipment, the energy storage module is a supercapacitor or a supercapacitor group. For safety reasons, there are restrictions on the capacity of lithium batteries on aircraft, so using a supercapacitor or a supercapacitor group as a backup power supply is safer than a lithium battery and can increase the power-off support time.
[0063] In this embodiment, the model of the power controller is LTC3350IUHF#PBF, which can support the connection of 4 supercapacitors, the 4 supercapacitors form a supercapacitor group, and has the function of controlling the charging and discharging of the supercapacitor group and the voltage monitoring function.
[0064] Discharge time of capacitor: The calculation formula is t=RC, where t is the discharge time, R is the resistance in the circuit, and C is the capacitance of the capacitor. The single capacity of the selected supercapacitor is 30F.
[0065] In this embodiment, the equivalent series resistance of the four supercapacitors is about 200mΩ. Considering the power conversion efficiency, the minimum allowable capacitance of the capacitor, etc., the correction factor is set to about 0.5. According to the discharge time calculation formula of the capacitor, the effective discharge time is calculated to be about 12 seconds, which is much higher than the 200ms required by the regulations.
[0066] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the third voltage sampling circuit includes a voltage-dividing sampling circuit composed of resistors R17 and R20, which monitors the input voltage of the power-off holding circuit, and the input voltage of the power-off holding circuit is the voltage at the output end of the power gating circuit.
[0067] The voltage threshold is set according to the full charge voltage of the supercapacitor group. In this embodiment, the full charge voltage of a single supercapacitor is 2.7V, and the full charge voltage of the supercapacitor group is 2.27*4=10.8V. In order to improve the life of the supercapacitor group, the voltage threshold is obtained by reducing the full charge voltage by 10% to 30%. In this embodiment, the voltage threshold is 8V.
[0068] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the situation where the power controller controls the on-off state of the third switch and the fourth switch according to the voltage at the output end of the power gating circuit is as follows:
[0069] State 1: When the input voltage is greater than or equal to 8V, the power controller N5 turns on the MOS tube V16 serving as the third switch to directly supply power to the load; at the same time, if the potential of the V_CAP node is less than 8V, the supercapacitor group C49-C52 is charged.
[0070] State 2: When the input voltage is less than 8V and V_CAP>V_OUT, the power controller N5 turns on the MOS tube V17 as the fourth switch, and the super capacitor group C49-C52 directly supplies power to the load;
[0071] State 3: When the input voltage is less than 8V and V_CAP<V_OUT, the power controller N5 turns off the MOS tube V17 serving as the fourth switch, and the boost power supply path composed of R23, L1, V20, and V22 increases V-CAP to 10V and outputs it to the load.
[0072] Using MOS tube V16 as the third switch can also prevent the supercapacitor from supplying power to the input power supply in reverse. MOS tubes V20 and V22 form a charging switch, which is controlled by the power controller N5. Turning on MOS tubes V20 and V22 can charge the supercapacitor group.
[0073] The above technical scheme is only a specific implementation method of the utility model. For those skilled in the art, it is easy to make various types of improvements or modifications based on the principles disclosed in the utility model, and it is not limited to the technical scheme described in the above specific embodiments of the utility model. Therefore, the above description is only preferred and does not have a restrictive meaning.
Claims
1. A power supply circuit for avionics equipment, characterized in that: Including AC conditioning circuit, DC conditioning circuit, power gating circuit and power-off holding circuit; The AC conditioning circuit is used to input an AC power supply and convert it into a target DC power supply and output it to the power gating circuit; the DC conditioning circuit is used to input a DC power supply and convert it into a target DC power supply and output it to the power gating circuit; The power gating circuit is used to connect the AC conditioning circuit and / or the DC conditioning circuit to the power-off holding circuit by controlling the on / off states of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit; The power-off holding circuit is used to connect to the load end, and to provide a backup power supply for the load when the voltage at the output end of the power gating circuit is less than a voltage threshold.
2. The power supply circuit for avionics equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power gating circuit includes a gating controller, a first switch, a second switch, a first voltage collection circuit and a second voltage collection circuit; The first switch and the second switch are connected to the output ends of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit respectively; the first voltage acquisition circuit and the second voltage acquisition circuit are used to respectively acquire the voltages at the output ends of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit and send them to the gating controller; The gating controller is used to control the on-off state of the first switch and the second switch according to the voltage at the output end of the AC conditioning circuit and the DC conditioning circuit.
3. The power supply circuit for avionics equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gate controller is an OR controller, and the first switch and the second switch are both MOS tubes.
4. The power supply circuit for avionics equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The model of the OR controller is JW7201DFNK.
5. The power supply circuit for avionics equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AC conditioning circuit includes a surge protection circuit, an EMI filter, an AC / DC module and a first DC filter circuit which are sequentially connected from input to output.
6. The power supply circuit for avionics equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC conditioning circuit comprises an overcurrent and overvoltage protection circuit, a DC / DC module and a second DC filtering circuit which are sequentially connected from input to output.
7. The power supply circuit for avionics equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output ends of the first switch and the second switch are both connected to the input end of the third DC filter circuit, and the output end of the third DC filter circuit serves as the output end of the power supply gating circuit.
8. The power supply circuit for avionics equipment according to claim 2 or 7, characterized in that: The power-off holding circuit comprises a power controller, an energy storage module, a third voltage sampling circuit, a third switch and a fourth switch; The output end of the power gating circuit is connected to the load end through the third switch; The energy storage module is connected to the load end through the fourth switch; The power controller obtains the voltage of the output end of the power gating circuit through the third voltage sampling circuit, and controls the on-off state of the third switch and the fourth switch according to the voltage of the output end of the power gating circuit.
9. The power supply circuit for avionics equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The energy storage module is a supercapacitor or a supercapacitor group.
10. The power supply circuit for avionics equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The model of the power supply controller is LTC3350IUHF#PBF.