A new type of highway concrete mixer
By combining forced mixing and vibration technology in highway concrete mixer, the problem that existing equipment cannot achieve concrete uniformity is solved, and the performance and quality of concrete are significantly improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420630113.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing concrete mixing equipment cannot achieve uniformity at the macroscopic and microscopic levels, resulting in uneven dispersion of cement particles, affecting the stability of the gel structure and the strength of the concrete.
A new highway concrete mixer is adopted. By combining forced agitation and vibration in the agitating shaft, the eccentric body and impact arm of a special structure can achieve high frequency and low amplitude vibration effect, and promote the dispersion and hydration reaction of cement particles.
The uniformity of concrete mixture at the macro and micro levels is achieved, the overall performance of concrete is improved, the interface bonding strength between aggregate and cement is enhanced, and the amount of cement and stirring time is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN222712471U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical fields of expressways and concrete, in particular to a novel expressway concrete mixer. Background Art
[0002] The conventional mixing equipment in the prior art has a poor mixing effect on the raw materials of concrete components. It can only achieve macroscopic uniformity, but cannot achieve microscopic uniformity of each component. The microscopic uniform distribution and the integrity of the particle film coating directly affect the stability of the cementitious structure of the mixture. Due to the microscopic heterogeneity of concrete, the dispersion of cement particles is uneven, causing cement particles to aggregate and flocculate. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the tiny cement clusters formed by such aggregation are not conducive to the full hydration of cement, resulting in a certain degree of waste, and also reducing the workability and strength of concrete. Further specific analysis shows that in the ordinary mixing of traditional mixing equipment, when water is added, some cement particles will be bonded together by the cohesive force, and the surface will be wrapped by a water film to form cement clusters. In the hydration process, the outside of some cement particle clusters will first undergo hydration reaction to generate hydrates, which are continuously wrapped on the surface of the gradually smaller cement clusters, thereby blocking the contact between the internal cement particles and water, reducing the generation of HSC gel, and thus reducing the strength of the material.
[0003] As a non-homogeneous multi-phase composite building material, the performance of concrete is affected by many factors, which can be roughly classified into material components, mixing machinery, mixing process and other aspects. The ultimate purpose of mixing is to achieve macroscopic and microscopic uniformity. Its complexity is reflected in the fact that the concrete mixing process produces both physical changes and chemical changes. Therefore, the mixing process must be studied in depth. As early as the last century, some countries have successively carried out experimental research on vibration mixing, such as the Soviet Union, Germany, the United States, Japan, etc., but there is a lack of systematic research, and it is impossible to achieve industrialization due to mechanical structure design problems. It is impossible to improve and enhance the concrete mixing effect not only at the macro level, but also at the micro level, and thus improve the concrete mixing uniformity and improve the quality of the mixture. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies in the use of prior art concrete mixing equipment, the utility model provides a new highway concrete mixer which combines the forced mixing of blades with the vibration of the mixing shaft, and can achieve both macroscopic and microscopic uniformity of the mixture in a short time, thereby improving and enhancing the quality of the mixture and greatly enhancing the efficiency.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a new highway concrete mixer, including a support seat, the support seat is distributed on the left and right, a box body is installed above the support seat, and a box cover that can be opened and closed is provided on the top of the box body; a vertically distributed stirring shaft is also provided in the center of the box body, and a bearing is provided between the stirring shaft and the bottom end of the box body; a stirring blade with a spiral structure is provided on the stirring shaft, and the pitch of the stirring blade is 0.6-0.8 times the length of the stirring shaft; a driving motor is provided on one side of the box cover, and the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the stirring shaft; a vertically distributed stirring shaft is provided in the stirring shaft A cavity is provided, and a plurality of eccentric rings are distributed up and down on the inner wall of the cavity, wherein the eccentric rings are composed of a plurality of eccentric bodies connected end to end, and a gap is left between two adjacent eccentric bodies; a vibrating member is also provided in the stirring shaft, and the vibrating member comprises a rotating shaft, a sealing cover, a rotating motor and an impact arm; the rotating shaft is coaxially installed in the cavity of the stirring shaft, and the top end is connected to the side wall of the cavity through a bearing; the sealing cover is arranged at the bottom end of the stirring shaft for blocking the cavity; the rotating motor is arranged on the support seat, and the output shaft is connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotating direction of the rotating shaft and the stirring shaft are kept opposite; the impact arm is arranged on the rotating shaft and is retractable.
[0006] Preferably, a support leg is connected and installed below the support seat, and a moving wheel with a braking function is installed at the lower end of the support leg through a bracket.
[0007] Further preferably, the box cover is provided with a plurality of feeding pipes evenly distributed in an annular shape; a discharge pipe is also connected and installed at the bottom end of the box body, and a pneumatic valve is also installed on the discharge pipe.
[0008] Further preferably, the cross-section of the eccentric body is an arc-shaped structure with one end being small and the other end being large, so that the overall length of the impact arm gradually decreases during the movement of the impact arm from the small end to the large end of the eccentric body.
[0009] Further preferably, the impact arms are multiple groups evenly distributed in a ring shape, and multiple layers distributed up and down.
[0010] Further preferably, the impact arm includes a fixed column, a movable column, an impact head and a compression spring; the fixed column is arranged on a rotating shaft, the diameter of the movable column is smaller than the diameter of the fixed column, and the movable column is movably arranged on the fixed column; the impact head is arranged at the end of the movable column and is a hemispherical structure; the compression spring is sleeved and installed on the movable column, and one end is connected to the impact head and the other end is connected to the fixed column.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the utility model adds an eccentric body of special structure in the stirring shaft, cooperates with the structure of the rotating shaft, the sealing cover, the rotating motor and the impact arm, so that the stirring shaft vibrates while stirring, so that the concrete mixture is subjected to high-frequency and low-amplitude vibration (impact generated by the movement of the impact head along the eccentric body) while being forced to stir and produce shear motion, and the mixture is in a high-frequency flutter state, aiming to improve the vibration effect, prevent the cement mass from gelling and condensing, and then promote the agglomerated cement small particles to disperse and become smaller quickly, increase the contact area with water, accelerate the hydration reaction of the material in the mixer, transfer the vibration energy to the material, and the material is greatly improved in both macro and micro uniformity under the vibration, greatly improving the overall performance of the concrete; the interface bonding strength between the aggregate and the cement can be further enhanced, and the mixing quality and efficiency can be improved; the vibrating mixer can make the mixture be stirred more evenly at both the macro and micro levels, improve the fluidity of the concrete, and reduce the cement dosage and mixing time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.
[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure of section A.
[0015] Figure 3 It is a structural stereogram of the stirring blade of the utility model.
[0016] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the eccentric ring of the utility model.
[0017] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an impact arm of the utility model.
[0018] Figure 6 This is a diagram of cement particle aggregation and flocculation caused by traditional uneven mixing of concrete from a microscopic perspective mentioned in the background technology.
[0019] Figure 7 It is a comparison diagram of the states of cement particles under traditional mixing and vibration mixing of this embodiment under microscopic conditions.
[0020] In the figure: 1. support base; 2. box body; 3. box cover; 4. stirring shaft; 5. stirring blade; 6. driving motor; 7. cavity; 8. eccentric ring; 9. eccentric body; 10. rotating shaft; 11. sealing cover; 12. rotating motor; 13. impact arm; 14. supporting leg; 15. moving wheel; 16. feeding pipe; 17. unloading pipe; 18. pneumatic valve; 19. fixed column; 20. moving column; 21. impact head; 22. compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0022] It should be noted that, in the specific implementation of the utility model, the terms such as "first" and "second" and other relational terms that may appear are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms such as "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof that may appear are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the sentence "including a ..." and other defined elements that may appear do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.
[0023] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "provided with" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.
[0024] Example 1: Figures 1 to 7As shown: A new type of highway concrete mixer, including a support base 1, the support base 1 is distributed on the left and right, and a box body 2 is also installed above the support base 1, and a box cover 3 that can be opened and closed is provided on the top of the box body 2; the two can be connected by bolting or fastening buckles. The box cover 3 is provided with a plurality of feeding pipes 16 evenly distributed in an annular shape; mainly for adding different materials, pipeline automatic transportation can be completed by connecting conveying equipment such as conveying pumps. Of course, in this embodiment, a feed pipe can also be used for step-by-step addition and mixing operations. A discharge pipe 17 is also connected and installed at the bottom of the box body 2, and a pneumatic valve 18 is also installed on the discharge pipe 17. An air pump is provided on one side of the support base for starting and stopping the pneumatic valve, and the pneumatic valve is connected to a control switch to facilitate the discharge operation after concrete mixing.
[0025] like Figure 3 As shown: In this embodiment, a vertically distributed stirring shaft 4 is also provided at the center of the box body 2, and a bearing is provided between the stirring shaft 4 and the bottom end of the box body 2. A stirring blade 5 with a spiral structure is provided on the stirring shaft 4, and the pitch of the stirring blade 5 is 0.6-0.8 times the length of the stirring shaft 4; this is convenient for forming a central stirring effect with a larger main force during the rotation of the stirring shaft, thereby enhancing the uniformity of the mixing of the concrete mixture. A driving motor 6 is provided on one side of the box cover 3, and the output shaft of the driving motor 6 is connected to the stirring shaft 4; and the driving motor adopts a servo control motor. In this embodiment, a reducer can also be preferably provided at the output end of the driving motor to reduce the speed of the driving shaft, which is added according to the actual concrete processing environment. Among them, the output shaft of the driving motor and the stirring shaft are connected and the transmission is completed by a keyway matching method, which is a prior art, so it will not be repeated. As Figure 4 As shown: a vertically distributed cavity 7 is provided in the stirring shaft 4, and a plurality of eccentric rings 8 are distributed up and down on the inner wall of the cavity 7. The eccentric ring 8 is composed of a plurality of eccentric bodies 9 connected end to end, and a gap is left between two adjacent eccentric bodies 9. The cross section of the eccentric body 9 is an arc structure with a small end and a large end, so that the overall length of the impact arm 13 gradually decreases during the movement of the impact arm 13 from the small end to the large end of the eccentric body 9. Such a setting forms a smooth transition, and the vibration operation of the impact head is completed in a high and a low state. The eccentric body and the side wall of the cavity can be guided and inserted for installation by keyway matching. The split structure design is easy to assemble and ensures sufficient vibration effect on the stirring shaft and the mixture. The eccentric body can also adopt a right triangle-like structure.
[0026] like Figure 2As shown: In this embodiment, a vibrating member is also provided in the stirring shaft 4, wherein the vibrating member includes a rotating shaft 10, a cover 11, a rotating motor 12 and an impact arm 13. The rotating shaft 10 is coaxially installed in the cavity 7 of the stirring shaft 4, and the top end is connected to the side wall of the cavity 7 through a bearing. The cover 11 is arranged at the bottom end of the stirring shaft 4 to seal the cavity 7. The rotating motor 12 is arranged on the support seat 1, and the output shaft is connected to the rotating shaft 10, and the rotating directions of the rotating shaft 10 and the stirring shaft 4 are kept opposite. The rotating motor adopts a servo control motor, and a button switch is connected to the outside of the box. At the same time, the electricity required by the equipment is connected to the outside through a cable. The impact arm 13 is arranged on the rotating shaft 10 and is retractable. Specifically, as Figure 5 As shown: the impact arm 13 is a plurality of groups evenly distributed in an annular shape, and is a plurality of layers distributed up and down. The impact arm 13 includes a fixed column 19, a movable column 20, an impact head 21 and a compression spring 22. The fixed column 19 is arranged on the rotating shaft 10, and the diameter of the movable column 20 is smaller than that of the fixed column 19, and the movable column 20 is movably arranged on the fixed column 19; a countersunk groove is provided on one side of the fixed column, and the movable column is adapted to be installed in the countersunk groove, and a retaining ring is installed at the end of the countersunk groove to play a limiting role. The impact head 21 is arranged at the end of the movable column 20, and is a hemispherical structure. The compression spring 22 is sleeved and installed on the movable column 20, and one end is connected to the impact head 21 and the other end is connected to the fixed column 19. In the initial state, the impact head is located in the gap between the two eccentric rings, and the compression spring is in a natural state. That is, the process of the impact head rotating from contacting the eccentric ring to the impact head reaching the next adjacent gap is an impact-vibration cycle, and the process of the impact head from contacting the eccentric ring to the highest point of the eccentric ring is continuous energy storage.
[0027] Working process: The staff turns on the drive motor, which drives the agitator shaft and the agitator blades to mix the concrete mixture. When the agitator shaft completes the dry mixing operation, the rotating motor starts to work. When the rotating motor is started, the rotating motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously. From the perspective of the diagram, the rotating shaft drives the impact arm to rotate counterclockwise (the impact arm can only move in one direction). Then the impact head of the impact arm gradually moves to the higher end of the eccentric body (the large end of the eccentric body). During this process, the impact head at the front end of the compression spring is in continuous contact with the eccentric body, so the compression spring gradually compresses and stores energy along the trajectory of the convex body of the eccentric body. When the impact arm moves to the highest point facing the convex body of the eccentric body (the large end of the eccentric body), the corresponding compression amount of the compression spring reaches the maximum, and the compression spring stores the highest energy. At the next moment, the rotating shaft continues to rotate, the impact head leaves the highest point of the eccentric body, the compression spring quickly relaxes and releases energy, and the impact head at the front end of the compression spring collides with the low point of the inner wall of the agitator shaft to achieve energy transfer. In this way, the height difference between the high and low points of the convex body of the inner wall of the agitator shaft is the amplitude of the vibration. The continuous contraction and expansion impact of the compression spring converts mechanical energy into vibration energy and transmits it to the mixing shaft and the mixing blades on the mixing shaft, and then transmits it to the mixed concrete material, and continues to vibrate accordingly. Since the designed rotation speed of the shaft is much higher than the speed of the mixing shaft, each set of impact arms takes a very short time to complete each excitation, thus ensuring the high frequency of the vibration. Combined with the stirring effect of the mixing blades on the mixing shaft, vibration mixing is achieved, effectively improving the mixing quality and mixing efficiency. At the same time, the vibration energy transmitted to the mixing shaft and the mixing blades can effectively suppress problems such as adhesion of fresh concrete and extend the service life of the mixer.
[0028] In the actual use of vibration mixing: First, vibration improves the cleanliness of the outer layer of aggregate, laying the foundation for the good coating of aggregate by cement slurry, thereby enhancing the bonding force between hydrate and aggregate surface. Second, the relative motion frequency of cement particles increases under the action of vibration energy, the number and intensity of collisions increase, the cohesive cement mass is vibrated and broken, the microscopic heterogeneity is reduced, the structural viscosity and internal friction between particles are reduced, and the binding of viscosity on material particles is reduced, the flocculent particles are broken, and the cement particles are dispersed. Figure 7As shown in the figure, the increased surface area of cement particles is conducive to the entry of water molecules into the cement mass for further hydration, and further improves the hydration reaction of the mixture. The interface transition zone under the ordinary mixing operation of the traditional mixing equipment presents loose cement hydrate needle-shaped and flaky areas, while the vibration mixing of the vibration mixing equipment increases the hydration reaction product hydrated calcium silicate CSH, and the CSH gel is filled into the interface transition zone, interweaving into a spatial skeleton structure, filling the internal structure of the concrete, reducing the internal friction resistance, making the structure more compact, reducing the porosity, and improving the adhesion, which is conducive to the improvement of the interface transition zone, thereby achieving the improvement of the concrete strength. In addition, in order to enhance the vibration effect, multiple groups of impact arms and eccentric rings can be set up, and an exciter can also be added to the mixing box. The vibration action reduces the plastic viscosity of the mixture, reduces the resistance between the components, and makes the mixture have better fluidity, which is reflected in the macroscopic properties of the mixture, the material is more uniform, and the test block is more compact. Therefore, the vibration mixing technology greatly improves the comprehensive performance of concrete.
[0029] Example 2: Figure 1 As shown: Based on Example 1, a new type of highway concrete mixer also includes: a support leg 14 is also connected and installed under the support base 1, which reasonably utilizes the space to form a good support, and the lower end of the support leg 14 is also equipped with a moving wheel 15 with a braking function through a bracket. The purpose of such a setting is to facilitate movement and position fixing, and improve the maneuverability of the vibration mixing equipment.
[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A new type of highway concrete mixer, characterized by: The invention comprises a support base (1), wherein the support base (1) is arranged on the left and right sides, and a box body (2) is installed above the support base (1), and a box cover (3) that can be opened and closed is arranged on the top of the box body (2); a vertically arranged stirring shaft (4) is arranged at the center of the box body (2), and a bearing is arranged between the stirring shaft (4) and the bottom end of the box body (2); a stirring blade (5) with a spiral structure is arranged on the stirring shaft (4), and the pitch of the stirring blade (5) is 0.6-0.8 times the length of the stirring shaft (4); a driving motor (6) is arranged on one side of the box cover (3), and the output shaft of the driving motor (6) is connected to the stirring shaft (4); a vertically arranged cavity (7) is arranged in the stirring shaft (4), and a plurality of eccentric rings (8) are arranged up and down on the inner wall of the cavity (7). The eccentric ring (8) is composed of a plurality of eccentric bodies (9) connected end to end, and a gap is left between two adjacent eccentric bodies (9); a vibrating member is also provided in the stirring shaft (4), and the vibrating member comprises a rotating shaft (10), a sealing cover (11), a rotating motor (12) and an impact arm (13); the rotating shaft (10) is coaxially mounted in the cavity (7) of the stirring shaft (4), and the top end is connected to the side wall of the cavity (7) through a bearing; the sealing cover (11) is arranged at the bottom end of the stirring shaft (4) for sealing the cavity (7); the rotating motor (12) is arranged on the support seat (1), and the output shaft is connected to the rotating shaft (10), and the rotating directions of the rotating shaft (10) and the stirring shaft (4) are kept opposite; the impact arm (13) is arranged on the rotating shaft (10) and is retractable.
2. A new highway concrete mixer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A support leg (14) is also connected and installed below the support base (1), and a moving wheel (15) with a braking function is installed at the lower end of the support leg (14) via a bracket.
3. A new highway concrete mixer as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The box cover (3) is provided with a plurality of feeding pipes (16) evenly distributed in a ring shape; a discharge pipe (17) is also connected and installed at the bottom end of the box body (2), and a pneumatic valve (18) is also installed on the discharge pipe (17).
4. A new highway concrete mixer as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the eccentric body (9) is an arc-shaped structure with one end being small and the other end being large, so that the overall length of the impact arm (13) gradually decreases during the process of the impact arm (13) moving from the small end to the large end of the eccentric body (9).
5. A new highway concrete mixer as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The impact arms (13) are multiple groups evenly distributed in a ring shape, and multiple layers distributed up and down.
6. A new highway concrete mixer as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The impact arm (13) comprises a fixed column (19), a movable column (20), an impact head (21) and a compression spring (22); the fixed column (19) is arranged on the rotating shaft (10); the diameter of the movable column (20) is smaller than the diameter of the fixed column (19), and the movable column (20) is movably arranged on the fixed column (19); the impact head (21) is arranged at the end of the movable column (20) and has a hemispherical structure; the compression spring (22) is sleeved and installed on the movable column (20), and one end of the compression spring is connected to the impact head (21) and the other end is connected to the fixed column (19).