Sliding door structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a sliding door structure for increasing the opening amount. The sliding door sliding structure comprises: a guide rail unit including a first guide rail and a second guide rail, a hinge mechanism, a locking mechanism, and a limiting mechanism. The engaging portion of the limiting mechanism can move between a limiting position engaged with the opening of the first guide rail and a non-limiting position disengaged from the opening. The latch of the locking mechanism has a slot for a striker of the hinge mechanism to be embedded, and can rotate between an unlocking position where the striker can be disengaged from the slot and a locking position where the striker cannot be disengaged from the slot. When the hinge mechanism slides along the first guide rail, the engaging portion is in the limiting position. After the hinge mechanism is transferred from the first guide rail to the second guide rail, the latch rotates to the locking position, and then the engaging portion moves to the non-limiting position. In the process of the hinge mechanism returning from the second guide rail to the first guide rail, the engaging portion moves to the limiting position, and the latch rotates to the unlocking position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a sliding door sliding structure. Background Art

[0002] Sliding doors are widely used in vehicles, such as Fig. 9 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an existing sliding door. Fig. 9 As shown, the door body 500 is connected to the guide rail 100 fixed on the vehicle body through the hinge mechanism 200, and the hinge mechanism 200 slides in the guide rail 100, so that the door body 500 opens and closes the opening on the vehicle body. In such a structure, when the hinge mechanism 200 moves to the end of the guide rail 100, the door body 500 reaches the end of the travel, and the sliding door becomes a state where the opening amount is the maximum value α. However, in a vehicle with multiple rows of seats, even in the above-mentioned maximum opening amount state, the opening amount is not enough. When the rear passengers get on the vehicle, the passengers in the middle row need to stand up and make way, which causes inconvenience. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model is made in view of the above situation, and its purpose is to provide a sliding door structure capable of increasing the opening amount.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a sliding door sliding structure of one embodiment of the utility model comprises: a guide rail unit, which includes a first guide rail and a second guide rail, the first guide rail is fixed to the body of the vehicle, and the second guide rail can slide along the first guide rail; a hinge mechanism, which supports the door body on the guide rail unit and can slide along the guide rail unit; a locking mechanism, which is arranged at the end of the door body in the second guide rail in the opening direction; and a limiting mechanism, which is arranged on the second guide rail, the limiting mechanism has a clamping portion, and the first guide rail has an opening for the clamping portion to be clamped, the clamping portion can move between a limiting position clamped with the opening and a non-limiting position disengaged from the opening, the hinge mechanism has a striker extending toward one side of the locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism has a latch, the latch has a slot for the striker to be embedded, and can be disengaged from the slot when the striker can be The latch is in a state where the second guide rail is disengaged from the first guide rail and the second guide rail is in a state where the second guide rail is not disengaged from the first guide rail.

[0005] According to such a structure, compared with a structure without a second guide rail, the opening amount of the sliding door can be increased by an amount equivalent to the stroke of the second guide rail. Therefore, when rear passengers get on the vehicle, it is not necessary for the middle row passengers to stand up and make way. In addition, when the hinge mechanism is transferred from the first guide rail to the second guide rail, the engaging portion of the limiting mechanism becomes a non-limiting position so that the second guide rail can slide relative to the first guide rail, and the latch of the locking mechanism becomes a locked position so that the striker of the hinge mechanism cannot be disengaged from the slot. Therefore, even if the structure is set to allow the second guide rail to move, the hinge mechanism can drive the second guide rail to move stably without disengaging from the second guide rail.

[0006] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, preferably, the locking mechanism also has a pawl, the latch can rotate around a first axis, and the pawl can rotate around a second axis different from the first axis between a locked position and a released position. In the locked position, the pawl abuts against the latch, thereby keeping the latch in the locked position, and in the released position, the pawl does not abut against the latch and allows the latch to rotate between the locked position and the unlocked position.

[0007] According to such a configuration, the position of the latch can be restricted by the pawl, so that the hinge mechanism and the second guide rail can be reliably connected.

[0008] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, preferably, the second guide rail also has an embedded component, which is located on the side of the first guide rail compared to the locking mechanism and can allow the hinge mechanism to slide. When the locking portion is in the limiting position, the first guide rail abuts against the embedded component.

[0009] According to such a structure, the bearing wheel of the hinge mechanism can be smoothly transferred from the first guide rail to the second guide rail through the insert. In addition, the insert can also limit the excessive movement of the second guide rail in the closing direction by contacting with the first guide rail.

[0010] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, preferably, the locking mechanism also has a push rod, which can be slidably arranged on the embedded part along the second guide rail, and one end of the push rod extends from the embedded part to the pawl and can abut against the pawl, and the other end of the push rod extends from the embedded part to the first guide rail and can abut against the first guide rail. A first force-applying component is provided on the first shaft, and the first force-applying component applies force to the latch in the direction of rotating the latch toward the unlocked position, and a second force-applying component is provided on the second shaft. The second force-applying component applies force to the pawl in the direction of rotating the pawl toward the locked position. When the embedded part is separated from the first guide rail, the pawl rotates toward the locked position under the force of the second force-applying component. When the embedded part abuts against the first guide rail, the first guide rail applies force to the pawl via the push rod in the direction of rotating the pawl toward the released position.

[0011] According to such a structure, there is no need to set up an additional electronic controller for releasing the pawl from the locked position. Only a simple structure such as a push rod can be used to utilize the positional relationship between the first guide rail and the second guide rail to naturally rotate the pawl to the release position during the movement of the second guide rail.

[0012] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, preferably, the limiting mechanism also has a long strip-shaped main body and a connecting rod portion extending along the second guide rail, the engaging portion is provided at the end of the main body on the closing direction side, and the end of the main body on the opening direction side can be rotatably connected to the second guide rail, the connecting rod portion is provided on the main body at a position that does not overlap with the first guide rail, and the connecting rod portion is configured to rotate the main body by being pushed by the abutment portion provided on the hinge mechanism, and then the engaging portion moves from the limiting position to the non-limiting position.

[0013] According to such a configuration, it is possible to move the engaging portion between the restricted position and the non-restricted position according to the position of the hinge mechanism with a simple configuration without providing a position sensor for detecting the position of the hinge mechanism and a component for driving the restricting mechanism.

[0014] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, preferably, the hinge mechanism further comprises: a bracket, which is connected to the door body; a load-bearing wheel, which is arranged on the bracket, has an axis extending in the vehicle width direction, and rolls along the guide rail unit; and a pair of guide wheels, which are respectively arranged on the bracket on the opening direction side and the closing direction side of the load-bearing wheel, have an axis extending in the up and down direction, and roll along the guide rail unit, the abutment portion is the axis of the guide wheel on the opening direction side, and the striker is integrally arranged on the bracket.

[0015] According to such a configuration, by using the shaft of the guide wheel as the abutment portion, it is not necessary to separately provide a member for pushing the link portion, thereby simplifying the structure of the hinge mechanism.

[0016] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, preferably, the top end of the connecting rod portion that can be pushed by the guide wheel has a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface is inclined in a manner that approaches the inner side of the vehicle width direction toward the closing direction.

[0017] According to such a structure, the shaft of the guide wheel can more easily push the link part, and the link part can be prevented from being separated from the guide wheel in the closing direction due to vibration or the like.

[0018] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, preferably, the second guide rail is located between the vehicle body and the first guide rail, and the first guide rail is embedded in the second guide rail, and a groove is provided in the second guide rail for a fastener used to fix the first guide rail to the vehicle body to pass through the groove, and the second guide rail is prevented from detaching from the first guide rail by the fastener abutting against the side end of the groove in the closing direction.

[0019] According to such a structure, the second guide rail can be prevented from falling out by both the vehicle body and the first guide rail, and the stability of the guide rail unit can be improved. In addition, the fastener for fixing the first guide rail can also be used as a component for positioning the second guide rail, without the need to separately provide a component for preventing the second guide rail from falling out in the opening direction.

[0020] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, preferably, the locking mechanism and the insert are arranged on the side of the second guide rail opposite to the vehicle body, the first axis and the second axis extend along the vehicle width direction, the limiting mechanism is arranged on the side of the second guide rail close to the vehicle body, the connecting rod portion passes through the second guide rail and the insert and protrudes toward the outside in the vehicle width direction, and the engaging portion engages with or separates from the opening along the vehicle width direction.

[0021] According to such a structure, the movement range of the limit mechanism is located between the second guide rail and the vehicle body without being exposed to the outside. Compared with the case where the limit mechanism is set at another position, it is possible to effectively prevent the movement of the limit mechanism from being blocked and causing the first guide rail to be unable to connect with the second guide rail.

[0022] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, preferably, the top end of the engaging portion has a second inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is inclined in a manner of approaching the inner side in the vehicle width direction toward the closing direction.

[0023] According to such a structure, even when the second guide rail moves from the fully open position to the closed position, the shaft of the guide wheel first disengages from the connecting rod portion to allow the engaging portion to enter the opening on the second guide rail, and the main body can be lifted by the contact between the second inclined surface and the first guide rail, so that the engaging portion can smoothly enter the slot.

[0024] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, it is preferred that a plurality of first rollers are provided on the first guide rail, and the first rollers roll in contact with the surface of the second guide rail facing the vehicle width direction, and a plurality of second rollers are provided on the second guide rail, and the second rollers roll in contact with the surface of the first guide rail facing the up and down direction.

[0025] According to such a structure, since the surfaces on which the plurality of first rollers and the plurality of second rollers roll are orthogonal to each other, the second guide rail can slide stably and smoothly on the first guide rail through the cooperation between the first rollers and the second rollers.

[0026] In the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention, preferably, the embedded part is a resin part.

[0027] According to such a structure, the insert part can be manufactured easily. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a perspective view showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is an exploded perspective view showing this embodiment.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a side view for explaining the hinge mechanism and the lock mechanism, as seen from the outer side in the vehicle width direction.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a top view cut along the front-rear direction of the vehicle for explaining the limiting mechanism.

[0032] Figure 5A to Figure 5J It is a schematic diagram used to illustrate the door opening process.

[0033] Figure 6A to Figure 6H It is a schematic diagram for explaining the door closing process.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram for explaining the effect of the utility model.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram showing the existing sliding structure of a sliding door.

[0037] Explanation of symbols

[0038] 1 Rail unit

[0039] 11 First rail

[0040] 111 Opening

[0041] 12 Second rail

[0042] 121 Inserts

[0043] 2 Hinge mechanism

[0044] 21 Firing pin

[0045] 23a, 23b Guide wheels

[0046] 3 Locking mechanism

[0047] 31 Latch

[0048] 311 card slot

[0049] 32 Pawl

[0050] 37 Putter

[0051] 4 Limiting mechanism

[0052] 40 Main body

[0053] 41 snap-fit ​​part

[0054] 42 Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] (First Embodiment)

[0056] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the first embodiment of the sliding door sliding structure of the present invention is described. In the following description, the direction indicated by the arrow X is the door body 5 (see Figure 7 ), the opposite direction of arrow X is the opening direction of the door body 5, the direction of arrow Y is the vehicle width direction, wherein the direction indicated by arrow Y is the outer side in the vehicle width direction, the opposite direction of arrow Y is the inner side in the vehicle width direction, and the direction of arrow Z is the up and down direction. Figure 1 The door body 5 is omitted in ~6.

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 5A to Figure 5J As shown, the sliding door sliding structure comprises: a guide rail unit 1, the guide rail unit 1 includes a first guide rail 11 and a second guide rail 12, the first guide rail 11 is fixed to the vehicle body, and the second guide rail 12 can slide along the first guide rail 11; a hinge mechanism 2, the hinge mechanism 2 connects the door body 5 (see Figure 7 ) is supported by the guide rail unit 1 and can slide along the guide rail unit 1; the locking mechanism 3 is provided at the end of the door body 5 in the opening direction (the opposite direction of the direction indicated by the arrow X) in the second guide rail 12 and has a housing 35. In addition, Figure 2 to Figure 6A ~ Figure 6H For the convenience of illustration, Figure 1 The housing 35 of the locking mechanism 3 in the embodiment.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the second guide rail 12 is located between the vehicle body and the first guide rail 11, and the first guide rail 11 is embedded in the second guide rail 12. The second guide rail 12 is provided with a groove 123, and the fastener 112 for fixing the first guide rail 11 to the vehicle body passes through the groove 123, and the second guide rail 12 is prevented from being separated from the first guide rail 11 by the fastener 112 abutting against the side end of the groove 123 in the closing direction (the direction indicated by the arrow X). In addition, the second guide rail 12 also has an insert 121, which is a resin part, and is located on the side closer to the first guide rail 11 than the locking mechanism 3, that is, on the side closer to the closing direction of the door body 5 than the locking mechanism 3, and can allow the hinge mechanism 2 to slide. The locking mechanism 3 and the insert 121 are provided on the side of the second guide rail 12 opposite to the vehicle body (the side in the direction indicated by the arrow Y).

[0059] In addition, a plurality of first rollers 113 are provided on the first guide rail 11, and the first rollers 113 roll in contact with the surface of the second guide rail 12 facing the vehicle width direction (the direction of the arrow Y), and a plurality of second rollers 124 are provided on the second guide rail 12, and the second rollers 124 roll in contact with the surface of the first guide rail 11 facing the up and down direction (the direction of the arrow Z).

[0060] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the hinge mechanism 2 includes: a striker 21, which extends toward one side of the locking mechanism 3; a bracket 20, which is connected to the door body 5; a load-bearing wheel 22, which is provided on the bracket 20, with an axis extending in the vehicle width direction and rolling along the guide rail unit 1; a pair of guide wheels 23a, 23b, which are respectively provided on the bracket 20 on the opening direction side and the closing direction side of the load-bearing wheel 22, with an axis extending in the up and down direction, and rolling along the guide rail unit 1, and the striker 21 is integrally provided on the bracket 20.

[0061] The locking mechanism 3 includes a latch 31 having a slot 311 into which the striker 21 is inserted, a pawl 32, and a push rod 37. The latch 31 can rotate around a first axis 33. Specifically, the latch 31 can rotate between an unlocked position in which the striker 21 can be disengaged from the slot 311 and a locked position in which the striker 21 cannot be disengaged from the slot 311. The pawl 32 can rotate between a locked position and a released position around a second axis 34 different from the first axis 33. In the locked position, the pawl 32 abuts against the latch 31 to keep the latch 31 in the locked position; in the released position, the pawl 32 does not abut against the latch 31 and allows the latch 31 to rotate between the locked position and the unlocked position. The first axis 33 and the second axis 34 extend in the vehicle width direction. The push rod 37 is slidably provided on the insert 121 along the second guide rail 12. One end of the push rod 37 extends from the insert 121 toward the pawl 32 and can abut against the pawl 32, and the other end of the push rod 37 extends from the insert 121 toward the first guide rail 11 and can abut against the first guide rail 11. A first force applying member (not shown) is provided on the first shaft 33, and the first force applying member applies force to the latch 31 in a direction to rotate the latch 31 toward unlocking, and a second force applying member (not shown) is provided on the second shaft 34, and the second force applying member applies force to the pawl 32 in a direction to rotate the pawl 32 toward the locking position.

[0062] In addition, the sliding door sliding structure of this embodiment further comprises a limiting mechanism 4, and the limiting mechanism 4 is arranged on the second guide rail 12. Specifically, Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, the limiting mechanism 4 is arranged on the side of the second guide rail 12 close to the vehicle body (the opposite side to the direction indicated by the arrow Y). The limiting mechanism 4 has: a snap-fit ​​portion 41, a long strip-shaped main body portion 40 extending along the second guide rail 12, and a connecting rod portion 42. Among them, the snap-fit ​​portion 41 is arranged at the end of the closing direction side of the main body portion 40, and the end of the opening direction side of the main body portion 40 is rotatably connected to the second guide rail 12. The connecting rod portion 42 is arranged at a position on the main body portion 40 that does not overlap with the first guide rail 11. In this embodiment, the main body portion 40 is connected to the protrusion 125 on the second guide rail 12, and a third force-applying component not shown in the figure is provided on the protrusion 125, and the third force-applying component applies force to the main body portion 40 in a direction to rotate the main body portion 40 toward the second guide rail 12. The first guide rail 11 has an opening 111 for the engaging portion 41 to engage with, and the engaging portion 41 can move along the vehicle width direction between a limited position engaged with the opening 111 and a non-limited position disengaged from the opening 111. The top end of the engaging portion 41 has a second inclined surface 411, which is inclined in a manner that it approaches the inner side in the vehicle width direction (the opposite side to the direction indicated by the arrow Y) as it moves toward the closing direction. Figure 4 When the engaging portion 41 is in the restricted position, the first guide rail 11 abuts against the insert member 121 .

[0063] The link portion 42 passes through the second guide rail 12 and the insert 121 and protrudes toward the outer side in the vehicle width direction (the side indicated by the arrow Y). In the present embodiment, the link portion 42 is configured to be pushed by the shaft of the guide wheel 23a on the opening direction side (the side opposite to the direction indicated by the arrow X) of the hinge mechanism 2 so as to rotate the main body 40 in the direction in which the engaging portion 41 is separated from the opening 111. The top end of the link portion 42 that can be pushed by the shaft of the guide wheel 23a has a first inclined surface 421, and the first inclined surface 421 is inclined so as to be closer to the inner side in the vehicle width direction as it goes toward the closing direction.

[0064] Below, reference Figure 5A to Figure 5J as well as Figure 6A to Figure 6H The operation of the sliding door sliding structure is explained. Figure 5B , Figure 5D , Fig. 5F , Figure 5H , Fig.6D , Fig. 6F , Figure 6H In order to distinguish the first guide rail 11 from the second guide rail 12 , the inner end portion in the vehicle width direction in the opening direction of the first guide rail 11 is marked with a black circle.

[0065] Figure 5B express Figure 5A II cross-sectional view under the state of Figure 5D express Figure 5CII-II cross-sectional view under the state, Fig. 5F express Figure 5E III-III cross-sectional view under the state of, Figure 5H express Figure 5G IV-IV cross-sectional view under the state of Figure 5J express Fig.5I VV cross-sectional view in the state. In addition, Figure 6B express Fig. 6A VI-VI cross-section diagram under the state, Fig.6D express Figure 6C VII-VII cross-sectional view under the state of, Fig. 6F express Fig. 6E VIII-VIII cross-sectional view under the state of Figure 6H express Figure 6G IX-IX cross-sectional view under the state.

[0066] First, the door opening process is described.

[0067] exist Figure 5A In the state, the hinge mechanism 2 slides along the first guide rail 11. Figure 5B As shown, the engaging portion 41 engages with the opening 111 and is in a limited position, so that the second guide rail 12 cannot slide relative to the first guide rail 11. Figure 5A The door body 5 moves in the opening direction, and the door body 5 drives the hinge mechanism 2 to move in the opening direction. After the hinge mechanism 2 moves from the first guide rail 11 to the second guide rail 12, the striker 21 is inserted into the card slot 311, and then drives the latch 31 to rotate counterclockwise. When the axis of the guide wheel 23a of the hinge mechanism 2 just contacts the first inclined surface 421 of the connecting rod part 42, it becomes Figure 5C and Figure 5D In addition, in this embodiment, "after the hinge mechanism 2 is transferred from the first guide rail 11 to the second guide rail 12" includes the following: Figure 5C As shown in FIG. 1 , the axis of the guide wheel has been transferred to the second guide rail 12, but when viewed from the side of the vehicle, a portion of the projection of the guide wheel is still included in the contour of the first guide rail 11. Figure 5C and Figure 5D When the state shown moves further toward the opening direction, Figure 5E and Fig. 5F As shown, the latch 31 further rotates counterclockwise, and the link portion 42 is pushed inwardly in the vehicle width direction by the axial direction of the guide wheel 23a, thereby driving the main body 40 to tilt inwardly in the vehicle width direction.

[0068] Next, when the door body 5 is Figure 5E and Fig. 5FWhen the state shown moves further toward the opening direction, Figure 5G and Figure 5H As shown, the striker 21 pushes the second guide rail 12 to slide on the first guide rail 11 via the latch 31, and moves a certain distance (for example, 1 mm) in the opening direction. At this time, the pawl 32 and the insert 121 also move a certain distance in the opening direction together with the second guide rail 12. At this time, the insert 121 is separated from the first guide rail 11, and the push rod 37 loosens the pressure on the pawl 32. The pawl 32 rotates clockwise under the action of the second force-applying member, thereby abutting against the latch 31 to reach the locked position. When the pawl 32 is in the locked position, the rotation of the latch 31 to the unlocked position, that is, the clockwise rotation of the latch 31 is restricted, and the latch 31 is in the locked position.

[0069] Simply put, after the hinge mechanism 2 is transferred from the first guide rail 11 to the second guide rail 12, the striker 21 is embedded in the slot 311, the latch 31 rotates to the locked position, and the engaging portion 41 moves to the non-limiting position, so that the hinge mechanism 2 can drive the second guide rail 12 to slide in the opening direction relative to the first guide rail 11.

[0070] At this time, if the door body 5 is further moved in the opening direction, Fig.5I and Figure 5J As shown, since the latch 31 is in the locked position, the position of the hinge mechanism 2 relative to the second guide rail 12 is locked, and the engaging portion 41 is maintained in the non-limiting position by the guide wheel 23a, so the limitation between the second guide rail 12 and the first guide rail 11 is released, thereby the second guide rail 12 moves in the opening direction relative to the first guide rail 11 driven by the hinge mechanism 2.

[0071] In addition, the relative contour curves of the latch 31 and the pawl 32 are designed as follows: if the door body 5 is moved in the opening direction at this time, the latch 31 is limited by the housing 35, the striker 21 abuts against the slot 311, and the hinge mechanism 2 and the latch 31 move together with the second guide rail 12 until the fastener 112 abuts against the side end of the slot 123 in the closing direction, so that the door body 5 becomes fully opened; if the door body 5 is moved in the closing direction at this time, Fig. 6A As shown, after the latch 31 rotates a certain angle in the clockwise direction, its bottom abuts against the hook 36 of the pawl 32 and cannot rotate further clockwise. Thus, at this moment, no matter which direction the door body 5 is moved, the hinge mechanism 2 and the locking mechanism 3 are synchronized.

[0072] Next, the process of closing the door is described.

[0073] As mentioned above, when Fig.5I When the door body 5 moves in the closing direction, Fig. 6AAs shown in FIG. 1 , after the latch 31 rotates clockwise at a certain angle, its bottom abuts against the hook 36 of the pawl 32 and cannot rotate further clockwise. As a result, the hinge mechanism 2 can pull the second guide rail 12 to move in the closing direction relative to the first guide rail 11 via the striker 21 and the latch 31. At this time, as shown in FIG. Figure 6B As shown in FIG. 1 , since the hinge mechanism 2 moves in the closing direction by a distance equivalent to the rotation angle of the latch 31, the guide wheel 23a also moves in the closing direction accordingly. As a result, the shaft of the guide wheel 23a no longer pushes the connecting rod 42 upward, so that the main body 40 rotates toward the second guide rail 12 due to the force from the third force-applying member, and the engaging portion 41 enters the opening on the second guide rail 12.

[0074] When the door body 5 is Fig. 6A and Figure 6B When the state shown moves further toward the closing direction, Figure 6C and Fig.6D As shown, the position of the hinge mechanism 2 relative to the second guide rail 12 remains unchanged, and the engaging portion 41 contacts the first guide rail 11 first compared to the insert 121. At this time, the second inclined surface 411 of the engaging portion 41 slides along the end of the first guide rail 11 toward the inner side in the vehicle width direction, thereby lifting the main body 40 toward the inner side in the vehicle width direction. When the second guide rail 12 moves further toward the closing direction, the engaging portion 41 moves to a position that overlaps with the opening 111, so that the main body 40 rotates toward the second guide rail 12 by the force from the third force-applying member, thereby the engaging portion 41 engages with the opening 111 and is located at the limit position, and at this time, the first guide rail 11 contacts the push rod 37.

[0075] When the door body 5 is Figure 6C and Fig.6D When the state shown moves further toward the closing direction, Fig. 6E and Fig. 6F As shown, the striker 21 drives the second guide rail 12 to move a certain distance (e.g., 1 mm) in the closing direction via the latch 31, so that the pawl 32 also moves a certain distance in the closing direction accordingly. At this time, when the insert 121 abuts against the first guide rail 11, the first guide rail 11 applies force to the pawl 32 in the direction of rotating the pawl 32 in the counterclockwise direction via the push rod 37. As a result, the pawl 32 rotates in the counterclockwise direction as the second guide rail 12 moves in the closing direction, and is finally held in the release position by the push rod 37.

[0076] When the door body 5 is Fig. 6E and Fig. 6F When the state shown moves further toward the closing direction, Figure 6G and Figure 6HAs shown in FIG. 1 , as the striker 21 moves toward the closing direction, the latch 31 rotates clockwise and finally reaches the unlocking position. At this time, the striker 21 is disengaged from the locking groove 311, and the hinge mechanism 2 moves from the insert 121 to the first guide rail 11. When the door body 5 is further moved toward the closing direction, the hinge mechanism 2 moves on the first guide rail 11 and becomes Figure 5A Status shown.

[0077] Simply put, in the process of the hinge mechanism 2 returning from the second guide rail 12 to the first guide rail 11, the engaging portion 41 moves to the limit position, and then the latch 31 rotates to the unlocking position, and finally the striker 21 separates from the slot 311, so that the hinge mechanism 2 can disengage from the second guide rail 12 and enter the first guide rail 11, and the sliding of the second guide rail 12 relative to the first guide rail in the closing direction of the door body 5 ends.

[0078] According to this embodiment, the following effects can be achieved.

[0079] (1) Figure 7 As shown in (a), when the door body 5 drives the hinge mechanism 2 to move to the end of the opening direction side of the first guide rail 11, the opening amount of the sliding door is Fig. 9 In the prior art shown in FIG. 1 , the opening amount of the door body 500 when fully opened is the same, which is α. However, since the present invention is provided with a second guide rail 12 that can move in the opening direction relative to the first guide rail 11, Figure 7 As shown in (b), when the door body 5 drives the second guide rail 12 to move to the end of the stroke in the opening direction (i.e., the position where the fastener 112 abuts against the side end of the groove 123 in the closing direction), the opening amount of the sliding door is the maximum value β greater than α. Fig. 9 Compared with the prior art shown in the figure, the sliding door sliding structure of this embodiment can increase the opening amount by an amount equivalent to the stroke of the second guide rail 12. Therefore, when the rear passengers get on the bus, it is not necessary for the middle row passengers to stand up and give way.

[0080] (2) In the present embodiment, a locking mechanism 3 and a limiting mechanism 4 are provided. Thus, when the hinge mechanism 2 is transferred from the first guide rail 11 to the second guide rail 12, the latch 31 of the locking mechanism 3 becomes a locked position so that the striker 21 of the hinge mechanism 2 cannot be disengaged from the locking groove 311, and then the engaging portion 41 of the limiting mechanism 4 becomes a non-limiting position so that the second guide rail 12 can slide relative to the first guide rail 11. Therefore, even if the structure is set to enable the second guide rail 12 to move, the hinge mechanism 2 can drive the second guide rail 12 to move stably without disengaging from the second guide rail 12.

[0081] (3) In the present embodiment, an insert 121 is provided in the second guide rail 12. Therefore, the load-bearing wheel 22 of the hinge mechanism 2 can be smoothly transferred from the first guide rail 11 to the second guide rail 12 by the insert 121. In addition, the insert 121 can also limit the excessive movement of the second guide rail 12 in the closing direction by abutting against the first guide rail 11. Furthermore, by making the insert 121 a resin part, the insert 121 can be easily manufactured.

[0082] (4) In the present embodiment, the locking mechanism 3 includes the pawl 32 and the push rod 37, and the first guide rail 11 applies force to the pawl 32 via the push rod 37 in a direction to rotate the pawl toward the release position. Therefore, there is no need to separately provide an electronic controller or the like for releasing the pawl 32 from the locked position, and the pawl 32 can be naturally rotated to the release position during the movement of the second guide rail 12 by using a simple structure such as the push rod 37 by utilizing the positional relationship between the first guide rail 11 and the second guide rail 12.

[0083] (5) In the present embodiment, the connecting rod portion 42 is configured to rotate the main body portion 40 by being pushed by the shaft of the guide wheel 23a provided on the hinge mechanism 2. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a position sensor for detecting the hinge mechanism 2 and a component for driving the limit mechanism 4, and the engaging portion 41 can be moved between the limit position and the non-limit position according to the position of the hinge mechanism 2 by a simple structure. In addition, by using the shaft of the guide wheel 23a as the abutment portion for pushing the connecting rod portion, it is not necessary to provide a separate component for pushing the connecting rod portion 42, so that the structure of the hinge mechanism 2 becomes simple.

[0084] (6) In the present embodiment, the link portion 42 has a first inclined surface 421 which is inclined so as to be closer to the direction in which the engaging portion 41 is separated from the opening 111 as it moves toward the closing direction. Therefore, the shaft of the guide wheel 23a can more easily push the link portion 42, and the link portion 42 can be prevented from being separated from the shaft of the guide wheel 23a in the closing direction due to vibration or the like.

[0085] (7) In the present embodiment, second rail 12 is located between vehicle body and first rail 11. Therefore, second rail 12 can be prevented from coming out by both vehicle body and first rail 11, and stability of rail unit 1 can be improved.

[0086] (8) In the present embodiment, the second guide rail 12 is prevented from being disengaged from the first guide rail 11 by the fastener 112 abutting against the side end of the groove 123 in the closing direction. Therefore, the fastener 112 for fixing the first guide rail 11 can also be used as a component for positioning the second guide rail 12, without the need to separately provide a component for preventing the second guide rail 12 from being disengaged in the opening direction.

[0087] (9) In the present embodiment, the limit mechanism 4 is disposed on the side of the second guide rail 12 close to the vehicle body. Therefore, the movement range of the limit mechanism 4 is located between the second guide rail 12 and the vehicle body, and is not exposed to the outside. Compared with the case where the limit mechanism is disposed at another position, it is possible to effectively prevent the movement of the limit mechanism from being blocked, thereby preventing the first guide rail 11 from being connected to the second guide rail 12.

[0088] (10) In the present embodiment, the top end of the engaging portion 41 has a second inclined surface 411, and the second inclined surface 411 is inclined in such a manner that the engaging portion 41 is closer to the direction in which the engaging portion 41 is separated from the opening 111 as it moves toward the closing direction. Therefore, even if the shaft of the guide wheel 23a is separated from the link portion 42 first and the engaging portion 41 enters the opening of the second guide rail 12 when the second guide rail 12 moves from the fully open position to the closed position, the main body 40 can be tilted by the contact between the second inclined surface 411 and the first guide rail 11, so that the engaging portion 41 can smoothly enter the opening 111.

[0089] (11) In the present embodiment, a plurality of first rollers 113 are provided on the first guide rail 11, and a plurality of second rollers 124 are provided on the second guide rail 12, and the surfaces on which the plurality of first rollers 113 and the plurality of second rollers 124 roll are orthogonal. Therefore, the cooperation between the first rollers 113 and the second rollers 124 enables the second guide rail 12 to slide stably and smoothly on the first guide rail 11.

[0090] (Variation Example)

[0091] In the above embodiment, the insert 121 is a resin member, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The material of the insert 121 is not particularly limited, and any material may be used. In addition, the insert 121 may be provided integrally with the second guide rail 12 .

[0092] In the above embodiment, the connecting rod portion 42 is pushed by the shaft of the guide wheel 23a, but it is not limited to this. As long as the connecting rod portion 42 is configured to be pushed by the abutment portion provided on the hinge mechanism 2 so as to enable the main body 40 to rotate in the direction in which the engaging portion leaves the opening, and then the engaging portion moves from the limit position to the non-limit position, the abutment portion can be the shaft of the guide wheel 23a on the opening direction side as in the above embodiment, or a component for pushing the connecting rod portion 42 can be separately provided on the bracket 20. In the above embodiment, the top end of the connecting rod portion 42 that can be pushed by the guide wheel has a first inclined surface 421, but it is not limited to this. The top end of the connecting rod portion 42 can also be an arc surface or other shapes, as long as the connecting rod portion 42 can be pushed by the abutment portion of the hinge mechanism 2.

[0093] In the above embodiment, the push rod 37 is used to press the pawl 32 to rotate from the release position to the locking position, but the push rod 37 may not be provided, and a sensor for detecting the position of the second guide rail 12 may be provided to control the rotation of the pawl 32 based on the detected position of the second guide rail 12.

[0094] In the above embodiment, the stopper mechanism 4 is disposed on the side of the second guide rail 12 close to the vehicle body, and the link portion 42 passes through the second guide rail 12 and the insert 121 and protrudes outward in the vehicle width direction, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The stopper mechanism 4 may also be disposed at other positions as long as the first guide rail 11 and the second guide rail 12 can be connected. In this case, the first inclined surface 421 and the second inclined surface 411 may be inclined in such a manner that they are closer to the direction in which the engaging portion 41 is disengaged from the opening 111 as they move toward the closing direction.

[0095] In the above embodiment, the hinge mechanism 2 includes a pair of guide wheels 23a and 23b, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The number of guide wheels is not particularly limited, and three or more guide wheels may be provided.

[0096] In the above embodiment, the push rod 37 is slidably disposed on the insert 121 , but the present invention is not limited thereto. The push rod 37 may also be disposed at other positions of the second guide rail 12 as long as it can be pushed by the first guide rail 11 to press the pawl 32 .

[0097] In the above embodiment, the main body 40 is connected to the protrusion 125 on the second guide rail 12, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The arrangement of the main body 40 is not particularly limited, as long as it can rotate as the connecting rod 42 is pushed. For example, when the second guide rail 12 is thicker, the main body 40 can also be disposed in whole or in part in a groove disposed in the second guide rail 12. In this case, the rotation axis of the main body 40 is also disposed in the groove without protruding to the outside of the second guide rail 12.

[0098] In the above embodiment, the second guide rail 12 is located between the vehicle body and the first guide rail 11, and the first guide rail 11 is embedded in the second guide rail 12, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The position of the second guide rail 12 is not particularly limited, as long as it can slide along the first guide rail 11. The second guide rail 12 can also be arranged outside the first guide rail 11 in the vehicle width direction. In this case, the positions of the locking mechanism 3 and the limiting mechanism 4 can be changed accordingly with the position of the second guide rail 12.

[0099] In the above embodiment, the striker 21 is integrally provided on the bracket 20, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The striker 21 and the bracket 20 may also be separately provided, as long as the striker 21 and the bracket 20 can move synchronously.

[0100] In the above embodiment, the second rail 12 is prevented from being separated from the first rail 11 by the fastener 112 abutting against the side end of the groove 123 in the closing direction, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0101] In the above embodiment, the engaging portion 41 is inserted into the opening 111 and engaged with the opening 111, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The structure of the engaging portion 41 engaging with the first guide rail 11 is not specifically limited, as long as the second guide rail 12 and the first guide rail 11 can be connected. For example, the engaging portion 41 may be engaged with an engaged portion protruding from the first guide rail 11.

[0102] (Second Embodiment)

[0103] Reference Figure 8 , the sliding door sliding structure of the second embodiment is described. In this embodiment, the structure of the guide rail unit is different from that of the first embodiment.

[0104] like Figure 8 As shown in (a), the guide rail unit 1' of this embodiment includes a first guide rail 11' and a second guide rail 12', wherein the first guide rail 11' is fixed to the vehicle body, and the second guide rail 12' is fixed to the door body 5'. In addition, the hinge mechanism 2' of this embodiment includes two load-bearing wheels 22a' and 22b', wherein the load-bearing wheel 22a' is configured to roll along the first guide rail 11', and the load-bearing wheel 22b' is configured to roll along the second guide rail 12'.

[0105] When the control door body 5' moves from the fully closed state to the open direction, the load-bearing wheel 22b' and the second guide rail 12' are locked and keep the relative position unchanged, and the load-bearing wheel 22a' rolls along the first guide rail 11' until it reaches Figure 8 At this time, the opening of the sliding door is Fig. 9 In the prior art shown, the opening amount of the door body 500 in the fully opened state is the same, which is α.

[0106] At this time, the control door body 5' continues to move in the opening direction, the hinge mechanism 2' abuts against the end of the first guide rail 11' on the opening direction side and remains stationary, and the lock between the load-bearing wheel 22b' and the second guide rail 12' is released, so that the second guide rail 12' can move relative to the load-bearing wheel 22b'. Figure 8 As shown in (b), when the door body 5' moves to the end of the stroke, the hinge mechanism 2' contacts the end of the second guide rail 12' on the closing direction side. At this time, the opening amount of the sliding door is a maximum value β greater than α. Therefore, Fig. 9Compared with the prior art shown, the sliding door sliding structure of this embodiment can increase the opening amount by an amount corresponding to the stroke of the second guide rail 12. That is, this embodiment can also achieve the same effect as the above-mentioned first embodiment.

[0107] The present invention has been described above with reference to a specific example. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific example. A design obtained by a person skilled in the art by making appropriate design changes to the specific example is also included in the scope of the present invention as long as it has the features of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sliding door sliding structure, characterized in that: have: A guide rail unit, the guide rail unit comprising a first guide rail and a second guide rail, the first guide rail being fixed to a vehicle body, and the second guide rail being able to slide along the first guide rail; A hinge mechanism that supports the door body on the guide rail unit and is capable of sliding along the guide rail unit; a locking mechanism provided at an end portion of the second guide rail in the opening direction of the door main body; and a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism being arranged on the second guide rail, The limiting mechanism has a clamping portion, and the first guide rail has an opening for the clamping portion to be clamped, and the clamping portion can move between a limiting position clamped with the opening and a non-limiting position disengaged from the opening. The hinge mechanism has a striker extending toward one side of the locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism has a latch having a slot for the striker to be inserted into and capable of rotating between an unlocking position in which the striker can be disengaged from the slot and a locking position in which the striker cannot be disengaged from the slot. When the hinge mechanism slides along the first guide rail, the engaging portion is in the limiting position, so that the second guide rail cannot slide relative to the first guide rail. After the hinge mechanism is transferred from the first guide rail to the second guide rail, the striker is inserted into the slot, the latch is rotated to the locked position, and then the engaging portion is moved to the non-limiting position, so that the hinge mechanism can drive the second guide rail to slide relative to the first guide rail in the opening direction. During the process of the hinge mechanism returning from the second guide rail to the first guide rail, the engaging portion moves to the limit position, and then the latch rotates to the unlocking position and the striker separates from the slot, so that the hinge mechanism can detach from the second guide rail and enter the first guide rail, and the sliding of the second guide rail relative to the first guide rail in the closing direction of the door body ends.

2. The sliding door sliding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism also has a pawl, The latch is capable of rotating about a first axis, and the pawl is capable of rotating about a second axis different from the first axis between a locked position and a released position. In the locked position, the pawl abuts against the latch to keep the latch in the locked position, and in the released position, the pawl does not abut against the latch to allow the latch to rotate between the locked position and the unlocked position.

3. The sliding door sliding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second guide rail further has an embedded part, which is located on a side closer to the first guide rail than the locking mechanism and can allow the hinge mechanism to slide. When the engaging portion is in the limiting position, the first guide rail abuts against the embedding component.

4. The sliding door sliding structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking mechanism further comprises a push rod, which is slidably arranged on the insert along the second guide rail, and one end of the push rod extends from the insert toward the pawl to abut against the pawl, and the other end of the push rod extends from the insert toward the first guide rail to abut against the first guide rail. A first force applying member is provided on the first shaft, and the first force applying member applies force to the latch in a direction to rotate the latch toward the unlocked position. A second force applying member is provided on the second shaft, and the second force applying member applies force to the ratchet pawl in a direction to rotate the ratchet pawl toward the locking position. When the insert is separated from the first guide rail, the pawl rotates toward the locking position under the force of the second force applying member. When the insert is in contact with the first guide rail, the first guide rail applies force to the pawl via the push rod in a direction to rotate the pawl toward the release position.

5. The sliding door sliding structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism also comprises a main body and a connecting rod extending along the second guide rail. The end of the main body on the closing direction side is provided with the engaging portion, and the end of the main body on the opening direction side is rotatably connected to the second guide rail. The link portion is disposed on the main body at a position that does not overlap with the first guide rail, and the link portion is configured to rotate the main body by being pushed by an abutment portion disposed on the hinge mechanism, thereby moving the engaging portion from the limiting position to the non-limiting position.

6. The sliding door sliding structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hinge mechanism also has: A bracket connected to the door body; A load-bearing wheel, which is arranged on the bracket, has an axis extending in the vehicle width direction, and rolls along the guide rail unit; as well as a pair of guide wheels, which are respectively arranged on the bracket at the opening direction side and the closing direction side of the load-bearing wheel, with axes extending in the up-down direction and rolling along the guide rail unit, The abutment portion is the shaft of the guide wheel on the opening direction side. The striker is integrally arranged on the bracket.

7. The sliding door sliding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tip of the link portion that can be pushed by the guide wheel has a first inclined surface that is inclined so as to be closer to the inner side in the vehicle width direction as it goes toward the closing direction.

8. The sliding door sliding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second guide rail is located between the vehicle body and the first guide rail, and the first guide rail is embedded in the second guide rail. The second guide rail is provided with a groove through which a fastener for fixing the first guide rail to the vehicle body passes. The second guide rail is prevented from being separated from the first guide rail by the fastener abutting against the side end of the groove in the closing direction.

9. The sliding door sliding structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The locking mechanism and the insert are disposed on a side of the second guide rail opposite to the vehicle body, and the first shaft and the second shaft extend in the vehicle width direction. The limiting mechanism is arranged on a side of the second guide rail close to the vehicle body, the link portion passes through the second guide rail and the insert and protrudes outward in the vehicle width direction, and the engaging portion engages with or separates from the opening along the vehicle width direction.

10. The sliding door sliding structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The front end of the engagement portion has a second inclined surface that is inclined so as to be closer to the inner side in the vehicle width direction as it goes toward the closing direction.

11. The sliding door sliding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: A plurality of first rollers are provided on the first guide rail, and the first rollers roll in contact with a surface of the second guide rail facing the vehicle width direction. The second guide rail is provided with a plurality of second rollers that roll in contact with a surface of the first guide rail that faces the vertical direction.

12. The sliding door sliding structure according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that: The embedded part is a resin part.

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