A water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panels, and discloses a water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic module. The water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel comprises a fire-blocking and water-blocking functional layer, a reinforcing fiber layer and an inner bonding layer which are sequentially stacked from the outside to the inside, and the inner bonding layer is arranged close to the photovoltaic cell layer; an intermediate bonding layer and a resin impregnated bonding layer are also arranged between the fire-blocking and water-blocking functional layer and the reinforcing fiber layer; after the resin impregnated bonding layer is impregnated into the reinforcing fiber layer, the reinforcing fiber layer is bonded to one side of the intermediate bonding layer; and the other side of the intermediate bonding layer is bonded to the fire-blocking and water-blocking functional layer. Through the coordination of the above-mentioned layers, the flame retardancy, water-blocking, mechanical strength, resistance to hail and sand, weather resistance, anti-aging and strong bonding between layers of the photovoltaic panel can be effectively improved, the structure of the photovoltaic panel is more stable, the service life is longer, and it can play a good supporting and protective role for the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic panel is particularly suitable for use in flexible photovoltaic modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic plates, and in particular to a water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic plate and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the strong support of national policies, photovoltaic technology has developed better and better. The application of solar power generation is becoming more and more widespread and developing rapidly, and more and more problems are beginning to be exposed to people. Among them, the fire problem caused by photovoltaic power generation systems, especially the fire problem of distributed photovoltaic power generation systems combined with buildings, will cause huge losses to people and property, which has attracted special attention from industry insiders. Moreover, photovoltaic power generation systems are mostly installed in outdoor environments and are prone to rainy weather. Therefore, the waterproof performance of photovoltaic power generation systems is directly related to the length of their service life, and the improvement of their waterproof performance cannot be ignored. In addition, photovoltaic power generation systems are often susceptible to wind and rain, so the improvement of their mechanical properties is also extremely important; and photovoltaic power generation systems must be combined with buildings, and they must be light in weight and have good mechanical strength and mechanical properties to ensure that they are not easily deformed or damaged when exposed to wind and rain.

[0003] Based on this, the prior art, such as publication number CN218333822U, discloses a new photovoltaic backplane and photovoltaic module, in which the new photovoltaic backplane has a multifunctional substrate layer and a water-blocking functional layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom between the high-reflective nanolayer and the high-reflective weather-resistant self-cleaning layer, and the multifunctional substrate layer includes an adhesive layer, a reinforcing layer and a flame-retardant layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom; in this way, the water-blocking (water vapor barrier), flame-retardant and mechanical properties of the new photovoltaic backplane are improved.

[0004] However, the existing new photovoltaic backsheet still has the following defects: (1) Its flame retardant layer is located between the reinforcement layer and the water-blocking functional layer, that is, the flame retardant layer is located inside the photovoltaic backsheet, rather than on the outermost layer of the entire photovoltaic backsheet; therefore, when exposed to fire, the water-blocking functional layer and the high-anti-weathering self-cleaning layer located on the lower surface of the flame retardant layer are still easily damaged, making it difficult to ensure that the photovoltaic backsheet has excellent comprehensive performance in the long term, and it is difficult to ensure the long-term service life of the photovoltaic backsheet and photovoltaic modules. (2) Its reinforcement layer is a glass fiber reinforcement layer, and the flame retardant layer is a flame retardant PET film. The materials and properties of these two layers are completely different, and there is no other bonding structure between the two layers. Although the two layers are combined by co-extrusion molding, the interlayer bonding performance can be ensured in the short term; however, during long-term outdoor use, the two layers still have a high risk of delamination, so their interlayer bonding performance and structural stability also need to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a water-resistant and fire-resistant enhanced photovoltaic plate and photovoltaic module.

[0006] Based on this, the utility model discloses a water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic plate, comprising a fire-blocking and water-blocking functional layer, a reinforcing fiber layer and an inner bonding layer stacked in sequence from the outside to the inside, wherein the inner bonding layer is arranged close to a side of the photovoltaic cell layer;

[0007] An intermediate bonding layer and a resin impregnation bonding layer are also provided between the fireproof and water-blocking functional layer and the reinforcing fiber layer; the resin impregnation bonding layer is impregnated into the reinforcing fiber layer to bond the reinforcing fiber layer to one side of the intermediate bonding layer; and the other side of the intermediate bonding layer is bonded to the fireproof and water-blocking functional layer.

[0008] Preferably, the fireproof and water-blocking functional layer comprises a self-cleaning fireproof coating, a water-blocking coating layer and a substrate layer which are sequentially stacked from the outside to the inside.

[0009] Further preferably, the self-cleaning fireproof coating is a halogen-free silicone flame-retardant coating with a thickness of 10 to 20 μm.

[0010] Further preferably, the water-blocking coating layer is a silicon dioxide coating layer or a tin dioxide coating layer, and its thickness is 50-500 nm.

[0011] Further preferably, the substrate layer is a biaxially oriented polyester film coated with a polyvinylidene chloride coating on the surface, and the thickness of the substrate layer is 210 to 285 μm.

[0012] Preferably, the intermediate adhesive layer is a polyester adhesive layer, and the thickness thereof is 6-10 μm.

[0013] Preferably, the resin impregnated adhesive layer is an unsaturated polyester impregnated adhesive layer, and its thickness is 20-50 μm.

[0014] Preferably, the reinforcing fiber layer is a quartz fiber reinforcing layer, and the thickness thereof is 7-50 μm.

[0015] Preferably, the inner adhesive layer is a polyester adhesive layer, and its thickness is 10 to 15 μm;

[0016] The inner surface of the inner adhesive layer is also provided with a release film.

[0017] The utility model also discloses a photovoltaic assembly, including a photovoltaic front panel, a first packaging adhesive layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, a second packaging adhesive layer and a photovoltaic back panel arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The photovoltaic front panel and / or the photovoltaic back panel are a water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel material described above in the utility model.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The water-resistant and fire-resistant enhanced photovoltaic panel of the present invention can improve the fire-resistant, water-resistant and mechanical properties of the photovoltaic panel through the cooperation of the fire-resistant and water-resistant functional layer and the reinforcing fiber layer. The fire-resistant and water-resistant functional layer is located at the outermost layer of the photovoltaic panel, which can effectively prevent other inner layer structures of the photovoltaic panel from being damaged by fire. Therefore, it can ensure that the photovoltaic panel has the above-mentioned excellent comprehensive performance for a long time, and can extend the service life of the photovoltaic panel. In addition, the intermediate bonding layer and the resin impregnated bonding layer between the fire-resistant and water-resistant functional layer and the reinforcing fiber layer, as well as the inner bonding layer on the inner surface of the reinforcing fiber layer, can greatly improve the performance of the strong bonding between the layers, and effectively avoid the stratification of the photovoltaic panel during long-term outdoor use. Therefore, the photovoltaic panel has excellent interlayer bonding performance and structural stability for a long time, which can further extend the service life of the photovoltaic panel.

[0020] In summary, through the coordination of the above-mentioned layers, the flame retardancy, water resistance, mechanical strength, resistance to hail and sand, weather resistance, aging resistance and strong bonding between layers of the photovoltaic panel can be effectively improved. The structure of the photovoltaic panel is more stable and the service life is longer. It can provide good support and protection for photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic panel is particularly suitable for use in flexible photovoltaic modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a water-blocking and fire-resistant enhanced photovoltaic panel of this embodiment.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module of this embodiment.

[0023] Description of the accompanying drawings: fireproof and water-blocking functional layer 10; self-cleaning fireproof coating 11; water-blocking coating layer 12; substrate layer 13; intermediate bonding layer 20; resin impregnation bonding layer 30; reinforcing fiber layer 40; inner bonding layer 50; release film 60;

[0024] Photovoltaic front panel 1; first packaging adhesive layer 2; photovoltaic cell layer 3; second packaging adhesive layer 4; photovoltaic back panel 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0026] Example

[0027] A water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel of this embodiment, see Figure 1-2, including a fireproof and water-blocking functional layer 10, an intermediate bonding layer 20, a resin impregnated bonding layer 30, a reinforcing fiber layer 40 and an inner bonding layer 50 which are sequentially stacked from the outside to the inside, wherein the inner bonding layer 50 is arranged close to one side of the photovoltaic cell layer 3; the resin impregnated bonding layer 30 is impregnated into the reinforcing fiber layer 40 to bond the reinforcing fiber layer 40 to one side of the intermediate bonding layer 20; and the other side of the intermediate bonding layer 20 is bonded to the fireproof and water-blocking functional layer 10. Among them, when the water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic sheet is applied to a photovoltaic module, the outer surface of the water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic sheet refers to the side in contact with the external air, and the inner surface refers to the side close to the photovoltaic cell layer 3.

[0028] The water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel of the present embodiment can improve the self-cleaning, fire-proof, water-blocking and mechanical properties of the photovoltaic panel through the cooperation of the above-mentioned fire-proof and water-blocking functional layer 10 and the reinforcing fiber layer 40, and the fire-proof and water-blocking functional layer 10 is located at the outermost layer of the photovoltaic panel, which can effectively prevent the inner layer structures of the photovoltaic panel from being damaged by fire, so that it can ensure that the photovoltaic panel has the above-mentioned excellent comprehensive performance for a long time, and can extend the service life of the photovoltaic panel; combined with the above-mentioned intermediate adhesive layer 20, resin impregnated adhesive layer 30 and inner adhesive layer 50 (the intermediate adhesive layer 20 and the resin impregnated adhesive layer 30 can achieve a firm interlayer bonding between the reinforcing fiber layer 40 and other layers, and the inner adhesive layer 50 can ensure its bonding and peeling properties with the first packaging adhesive layer 2 (and / or the second packaging adhesive layer 4)), it can greatly improve the interlayer bonding performance, effectively avoid the stratification phenomenon of the photovoltaic panel during long-term outdoor use, so the photovoltaic panel has excellent interlayer bonding performance and structural stability for a long time, which can further extend the service life of the photovoltaic panel.

[0029] Therefore, the water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic sheet of this embodiment can effectively improve the flame retardancy, water-blocking, mechanical strength, resistance to hail and sandstorms, weather resistance, anti-aging and strong bonding performance of the photovoltaic sheet through the cooperation of the above layers. The photovoltaic sheet has a more stable structure and a longer service life, and can play a good supporting and protective role for the photovoltaic module, thereby effectively improving the weather resistance of the entire photovoltaic module and extending its service life, ensuring the high power output of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic sheet is particularly suitable for use in lightweight flexible photovoltaic modules.

[0030] Among them, in order to improve the self-cleaning, fire-proof and water-blocking properties of the photovoltaic panel and ensure the supporting role of the photovoltaic panel, the fire-proof and water-blocking functional layer 10 includes a self-cleaning fire-proof coating 11, a water-blocking coating layer 12 and a substrate layer 13 stacked in sequence from the outside to the inside.

[0031] Specifically, the self-cleaning fireproof coating 11 is a silicone halogen-free flame-retardant coating with good fireproof performance; and the silicone halogen-free flame-retardant coating is mainly composed of silicone resin, which not only has excellent weather resistance, but also has hydrophobic and self-cleaning properties, and therefore has a good anti-fouling effect to prevent the outer surface of the entire photovoltaic panel from being contaminated. The thickness of the self-cleaning fireproof coating 11 is 10 to 20 μm (such as 10 μm, 15 μm or 20 μm), and the thickness of the self-cleaning fireproof coating 11 is optimized to ensure the flame retardant effect, self-cleaning performance and weather resistance of the self-cleaning fireproof coating 11 while saving costs, thereby ensuring that the self-cleaning fireproof coating 11 effectively improves the flame retardant, anti-fouling and weather resistance effects of the photovoltaic panel.

[0032] Specifically, the thickness of the water-blocking coating layer 12 is 50-500 nm (such as 50 nm, 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm or 500 nm), and the water-blocking coating layer 12 is a silicon dioxide coating layer or a tin dioxide coating layer. The thickness of the substrate layer 13 is 210-285 μm (such as 210 μm, 230 μm, 250 μm, 270 μm or 285 μm), and the substrate layer 13 is a biaxially stretched polyester film coated with a polyvinylidene chloride coating.

[0033] In this way, through the cooperation of the self-cleaning fireproof coating 11 and the water-blocking coating layer 12, the flame retardant and water-blocking effects of the photovoltaic panel for long-term outdoor use can be greatly improved, and the substrate layer 13 can also play a good supporting role. Moreover, the material or material polarity of the water-blocking coating layer 12 is similar to that of the self-cleaning fireproof coating 11 and the substrate layer 13, so while improving the flame retardant, water-blocking performance and supporting effect of the photovoltaic panel, it can also ensure the interlayer bonding performance and structural stability between the water-blocking coating layer 12 and the silicone halogen-free flame retardant coating, and between the water-blocking coating layer 12 and the substrate layer 13 during long-term outdoor use.

[0034] Among them, the resin impregnated adhesive layer 30 is an unsaturated polyester impregnated adhesive layer, and the thickness of the resin impregnated adhesive layer 30 is 20 to 50 μm (such as 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm or 50 μm). The resin impregnated adhesive layer 30 is for better impregnation of the reinforcing fiber layer 40; on the one hand, it can protect the fiber and prevent the fiber from whitening, and can better form a transparent photovoltaic panel to ensure the long-term high light transmittance of the photovoltaic panel and improve the light absorption and light utilization rate of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, it can also make the material of the resin impregnated adhesive layer 30 infiltrate into each pore of the reinforcing fiber layer 40, so as to greatly improve the interlayer bonding performance through the resin impregnated adhesive layer 30, effectively avoid the delamination phenomenon of the photovoltaic panel during long-term outdoor use, ensure the long-term interlayer bonding performance and structural stability of the photovoltaic panel, and further extend the service life of the photovoltaic panel.

[0035] The reinforcing fiber layer 40 is preferably a quartz fiber reinforcing layer, which can enhance the mechanical strength and mechanical properties of the entire photovoltaic panel. The thickness of the reinforcing fiber layer 40 is 7-50 μm (preferably 20-50 μm) to ensure good mechanical strength and mechanical properties while taking into account the cost.

[0036] Among them, the middle adhesive layer 20 is a polyester adhesive layer, and the thickness of the middle adhesive layer 20 is 6 to 10 μm (such as 6 μm, 8 μm or 10 μm). The thickness of the middle adhesive layer 20 is optimized to ensure the strong interlayer bonding performance between it and the unsaturated polyester impregnation adhesive layer while saving costs, and to ensure that the water-blocking effect of the photovoltaic panel is further improved. The inner adhesive layer 50 is a polyester adhesive layer, and the thickness of the inner adhesive layer 50 is 10 to 15 μm (such as 10 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm or 15 μm). The polyester adhesive layer has strong bonding properties with EVA encapsulation film, EPE encapsulation film, POE encapsulation film or other polyester materials, so as to further improve the interlayer bonding performance, peeling strength and structural stability of photovoltaic panels and photovoltaic modules.

[0037] The inner surface of the inner adhesive layer 50 is also provided with a release film 60. The release film 60 can play a role in dust prevention and protection. Before use, the release film 60 can be peeled off to use the water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel.

[0038] In practice, a dense and water-resistant coating layer 12 (such as a silicon dioxide coating layer) is first coated on the outer surface of the substrate layer 13 by a coating method such as vacuum evaporation; then a self-cleaning fire-resistant coating 11 and an intermediate bonding layer 20 are respectively coated on the outer surface of the water-resistant coating layer 12 and the inner surface of the substrate layer 13 by a roll-to-roll process; then a resin impregnated bonding layer 30 is coated on the inner surface of the intermediate bonding layer 20, and at the same time, the reinforcing fiber layer 40 is pressed on the inner surface of the resin impregnated bonding layer 30 so that part of the material of the resin impregnated bonding layer 30 is infiltrated into each pore of the reinforcing fiber layer 40; then it is sent to a curing oven, and then the inner bonding layer 50 is continuously coated, and then it is sent to the oven for complete curing; finally, a release film 60 is affixed to the inner surface of the inner bonding layer 50 to obtain the water-resistant and fire-resistant enhanced photovoltaic panel of this embodiment.

[0039] The above-mentioned water-proof and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel in this embodiment can be arranged on the illuminated side of the photovoltaic cell layer 3 (i.e., above the photovoltaic cell layer 3), and the water-proof and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel can also be arranged on the backlit side of the photovoltaic cell layer 3 (i.e., below the photovoltaic cell layer 3).

[0040] Therefore, a photovoltaic module of this embodiment, see Figure 2, including a photovoltaic front panel 1, a first packaging adhesive layer 2, a photovoltaic cell layer 3, a second packaging adhesive layer 4 and a photovoltaic back panel 5 arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the photovoltaic front panel 1 and / or the photovoltaic back panel 5 are a water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel material described above in this embodiment.

[0041] For example, only the photovoltaic front panel 1 is a water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel described above in this embodiment. In this case, the inner adhesive layer 50 is bonded to the first encapsulation adhesive layer 2 to set the water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel on the photovoltaic cell layer 3. Alternatively, only the photovoltaic back panel 5 is a water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel described above in this embodiment. In this case, the inner adhesive layer 50 is bonded to the second encapsulation adhesive layer 4 to set the water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel below the photovoltaic cell layer 3. Alternatively, both the photovoltaic front panel 1 and the photovoltaic back panel 5 are water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panels described above in this embodiment. In this case, the water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panels are provided above and below the photovoltaic cell layer 3.

[0042] Although the preferred embodiments of the utility model embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the utility model embodiments.

[0043] The technical solution provided by the utility model is introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principle and implementation mode of the utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the utility model. At the same time, for general technicians in this field, according to the idea of ​​the utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation mode and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

Claims

1. A water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel, characterized in that: It includes a fireproof and water-blocking functional layer, a reinforcing fiber layer and an inner bonding layer which are stacked in sequence from the outside to the inside, wherein the inner bonding layer is arranged close to a side of the photovoltaic cell layer; An intermediate bonding layer and a resin impregnation bonding layer are also provided between the fireproof and water-blocking functional layer and the reinforcing fiber layer; the resin impregnation bonding layer is impregnated into the reinforcing fiber layer to bond the reinforcing fiber layer to one side of the intermediate bonding layer; and the other side of the intermediate bonding layer is bonded to the fireproof and water-blocking functional layer.

2. The water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fireproof and water-blocking functional layer comprises a self-cleaning fireproof coating, a water-blocking coating layer and a substrate layer which are stacked in sequence from the outside to the inside.

3. The water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-cleaning fireproof coating is an organic silicon halogen-free flame-retardant coating, and the thickness thereof is 10 to 20 μm.

4. The water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-blocking coating layer is a silicon dioxide coating layer or a tin dioxide coating layer, and its thickness is 50-500 nm.

5. The water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The substrate layer is a biaxially stretched polyester film with a polyvinylidene chloride coating on the surface, and the thickness of the substrate layer is 210-285 μm.

6. The water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate adhesive layer is a polyester adhesive layer, and the thickness of the intermediate adhesive layer is 6-10 μm.

7. The water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin impregnation adhesive layer is an unsaturated polyester impregnation adhesive layer, and the thickness thereof is 20 to 50 μm.

8. The water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing fiber layer is a quartz fiber reinforcing layer, and the thickness thereof is 7-50 μm.

9. The water-blocking and fire-proof enhanced photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner adhesive layer is a polyester adhesive layer, and its thickness is 10 to 15 μm; The inner surface of the inner adhesive layer is also provided with a release film.

10. A photovoltaic module, comprising a photovoltaic front panel, a first packaging adhesive layer, a photovoltaic cell layer, a second packaging adhesive layer and a photovoltaic back panel arranged in sequence from top to bottom, characterized in that: The photovoltaic front panel and / or the photovoltaic back panel is a water-blocking and fire-resistant enhanced photovoltaic panel material as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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