An activated carbon adsorption tower with ultra-thick carbon layer

Abstract

The utility model discloses an activated carbon adsorption tower with an ultra-thick carbon layer. Compared with a conventional tank, the adsorption tower not only heightens the tank body, but also adds a second gas backwash port and a second carbon removal port in the middle of the tank body, and adds an annular gas charging pipe connected to the second gas backwash port in the tank body, and multiple aeration plates are evenly distributed on the annular gas charging pipe; an ultra-thick carbon layer of 6 to 15 meters is arranged in the tank body, and the annular gas charging pipe is located in the middle of the carbon layer. The wastewater treatment capacity of a single tower of the utility model can be increased exponentially in the same proportion as the thickness of the carbon layer increases, and the single tank treatment capacity can reach 2 to 3 times or even more than that of a conventional tank, which can greatly reduce the floor space occupied by the equipment, and reduce the equipment investment cost and equipment operation cost. Its overall economic efficiency is far better than that of a conventional tank, and it is particularly suitable for wastewater treatment in small sites and large water volumes, and has good application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of activated carbon processing equipment, in particular to an activated carbon adsorption tower with an ultra-thick carbon layer. Background Art

[0002] Activated carbon has the advantages of good adsorption performance, strong adsorption capacity and no need to add other agents when used for wastewater treatment. Due to its huge specific surface area and developed pore structure, activated carbon can effectively remove pollutants in water through physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. These pollutants include not only organic matter, heavy metals, cyanide compounds, etc., but also inorganic ions such as chromium, nickel, mercury, etc. In addition, activated carbon can further treat certain components in wastewater through oxidation and catalytic oxidation processes. This versatility makes activated carbon a very effective material in wastewater treatment.

[0003] Activated carbon adsorption tower is an important equipment for activated carbon wastewater treatment. For example, Chinese utility model patent application CN112158904A discloses an activated carbon adsorption tower for water treatment and its application, which includes an upper head, a cylinder, a water inlet and backwash outlet, a carbon inlet, a lower head, a carbon outlet, a water outlet and backwash inlet, a water distributor, a porous cone plate, a short-handled filter cap and granular activated carbon. The adsorption tower can improve the carbon-water separation efficiency during adsorption operation, and can make the adsorbed saturated carbon be discharged directly and quickly from the carbon outlet at the bottom of the tower, so as to realize the functions of efficient separation of carbon and water during adsorption operation, uniform water distribution during backwashing, and automatic carbon discharge during carbon discharge, and can be used for pretreatment or deep treatment of difficult-to-degrade wastewater.

[0004] The thickness of the carbon layer of the activated carbon adsorption tower mainly depends on the treatment needs and the specific requirements of the equipment design. In practical applications, the thickness of the carbon layer not only affects the adsorption effect, but also affects the economy and operating cost of the equipment. The carbon layer thickness of the conventional activated carbon adsorption tower (conventional tank) currently used ranges from about 2 to 4 meters, which is suitable for treating wastewater with medium and large water volumes. However, when large-scale water volumes are to be treated, the number of adsorption towers needs to be increased, which will greatly increase the floor space and increase the investment cost. How to increase the wastewater treatment capacity of a single tower is a problem that needs to be solved, and no relevant patents for activated carbon adsorption towers with ultra-thick carbon layers have been retrieved. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides an activated carbon adsorption tower with an ultra-thick carbon layer, the maximum thickness of which can exceed 9 meters. The processing capacity of a single tank is 2 to 3 times or even more than that of a conventional tank. It is suitable for large-scale wastewater treatment and has high economy.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] The utility model provides an activated carbon adsorption tower with an ultra-thick carbon layer, comprising a tank body, which is arranged in a vertical direction, an upper head is provided on the top of the tank body, and a lower head is provided on the bottom, an activated carbon inlet and an exhaust port are provided on the upper head, and a first air backwashing port, a first carbon removal port and a drain port are provided on the lower head; a backwashing outlet and a raw water inlet are provided at the upper part of the tank body; a water cap plate is provided at the lower part of the tank body, and a plurality of water caps are evenly provided on the water cap plate; a carbon layer is provided in the tank body, the bottom of the carbon layer is located on the water cap plate, and the thickness of the carbon layer is 6 to 15 meters; a second air backwashing port and a second carbon removal port are provided in the middle part of the tank body, and an annular air filling pipe is provided in the middle part of the tank body, the height of the annular air filling pipe is located in the middle section of the carbon layer, the annular air filling pipe is connected with the second air backwashing port, and a plurality of aeration disks are evenly provided on the annular air filling pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, when the thickness of the carbon layer is 6 to 9 meters, one annular air filling pipe and one second air backwashing port are each provided, and the annular air filling pipe is located at 1 / 2 of the height of the carbon layer.

[0009] Furthermore, when the thickness of the carbon layer is greater than 9 meters, two or three of the annular air filling pipes and the second air backwashing ports are provided, and the plurality of annular air filling pipes are evenly arranged in the tank body according to the height of the carbon layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the second carbon removal ports is greater than or equal to the number of the second gas backwash ports, and the plurality of second carbon removal ports are evenly arranged on the tank body according to the height of the carbon layer.

[0011] Furthermore, a pressure gauge interface is provided on the upper head, and a pressure gauge is installed on the pressure gauge interface.

[0012] Furthermore, a skirt seat is provided at the bottom of the tank body, and a manhole is provided on the skirt seat.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] It has been experimentally confirmed that, under the condition of ensuring the same COD value of the inlet water and the same contact time, the COD value of the effluent of the activated carbon adsorption tower of the ultra-thick carbon layer of the utility model is equivalent to the COD value of the effluent of the conventional tank, and it is not necessary to increase the adsorption time with the increase of the carbon layer thickness, and it will not cause the adsorption efficiency to decrease. Therefore, the wastewater treatment capacity of the single tower of the utility model can be increased in the same proportion as the increase of the carbon layer thickness, and its single tank treatment capacity can reach 2 to 3 times or even more than that of the conventional tank. Since the activated carbon adsorption tower of the ultra-thick carbon layer of the utility model can treat more wastewater per unit time, the number of tanks used to treat the same volume of wastewater is reduced, so the floor space of the equipment can be greatly reduced. Moreover, although the activated carbon adsorption tower of the ultra-thick carbon layer of the utility model is slightly higher than the conventional tank in terms of the cost of a single adsorption tower, the number of tank bodies is reduced, and the supporting facilities such as pipelines and instrument valves equipped on the tank bodies are also reduced simultaneously, so the overall equipment investment cost and the maintenance cost during the operation of the equipment are greatly reduced. Although the gas backwashing process in the utility model needs to be carried out in stages, compared with the method in which multiple conventional tanks can perform gas backwashing at the same time, the time cost of the overall equipment operation is slightly increased, but in terms of overall economy, the activated carbon adsorption tower with an ultra-thick carbon layer of the utility model is still far superior to conventional tanks, and is particularly suitable for wastewater treatment in small sites and large water volumes, and has good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0016] In the attached picture:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA view;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of effluent COD values ​​under different carbon layer thicknesses;

[0020] Among them: 1—backwash outlet and raw water inlet; 2—tank body; 3—carbon layer; 4—second air backwash outlet; 5—second carbon removal outlet; 6—first air backwash outlet; 7—first carbon removal outlet; 8—water cap plate; 9—water cap; 10—annular inflation pipe; 11—aeration plate; 12—activated carbon inlet; 13—manhole; 14—skirt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] See also Figure 1-2 The activated carbon adsorption tower with an ultra-thick carbon layer provided by the utility model comprises a tank body 2, which is arranged in a vertical direction, an upper head is provided on the top of the tank body 2, a lower head and a skirt seat 14 are provided at the bottom of the tank body 2, an activated carbon inlet 12, an exhaust port and a pressure gauge interface are provided on the upper head, a first gas backwash port 6, a first carbon removal port 7 and a drain port are provided on the lower head, the activated carbon inlet 12 is coaxially arranged on the top of the upper head, and the first carbon removal port 7 is coaxially arranged on the bottom of the lower head; a manhole 13 is provided on the skirt seat 14. A backwash outlet and raw water inlet 1 is provided at the upper part of the tank body 2; a water cap plate 8 is provided at the lower part of the tank body 2, and a plurality of water caps 9 are evenly provided on the water cap plate 8; a carbon layer 3 is provided in the tank body 2, and the bottom of the carbon layer 3 is located on the water cap plate 8, and the thickness of the carbon layer 3 is 6 to 15 meters; the water cap 9 is a purchased finished part, and the water cap 9 is welded to the water cap mounting hole of the water cap plate 8 to form intermittent welding points, and the gap of the water cap 9 can only allow water to pass through, but not enough to allow activated carbon to pass through, so that water can be filtered out from the water cap 9, and the activated carbon remains on the water cap plate 8.

[0023] In order to increase the water treatment capacity of a single tank, the utility model uses an ultra-thick carbon layer 3, but the increase in the thickness of the carbon layer 3 will affect the gas backwashing effect. Therefore, if you want to increase the thickness of the carbon layer without affecting the gas backwashing effect, you need to improve the tank body.

[0024] To this end, the utility model arranges a second air backwash port 4 and a second carbon transfer port 5 in the middle of the tank body 2, wherein the second carbon transfer port 5 is slightly lower than the second air backwash port 4, and an annular air filling pipe 10 is arranged inside the tank body 2, the annular air filling pipe 10 is connected to the second air backwash port 4, and a plurality of aeration plates 11 are evenly arranged on the annular air filling pipe 10, and the height of the annular air filling pipe 10 should be located in the middle section of the entire carbon layer 3.

[0025] Specifically, when the thickness of the carbon layer 3 is 6 to 9 meters, one annular gas filling pipe 10, second gas backwash port 4 and second carbon transfer port 5 are each provided, and the annular gas filling pipe 10 is located at 1 / 2 of the height of the carbon layer 3. When the thickness of the carbon layer 3 is greater than 9 meters, two or even three annular gas filling pipes 10, second gas backwash port 4 and second carbon transfer port 5 can be provided at different heights of the tank body 2 according to specific circumstances to ensure the gas backwashing effect of the ultra-thick carbon layer. When two annular gas filling pipes 10, second gas backwash port 4 and second carbon transfer port 5 are provided, the two annular gas filling pipes 10 are respectively located at 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the height of the carbon layer. When three annular gas filling pipes 10, second gas backwash port 4 and second carbon transfer port 5 are provided, the three annular gas filling pipes 10 are respectively located at 1 / 4, 1 / 2 and 3 / 4 of the height of the carbon layer.

[0026] Although in order to improve the gas backwashing effect, the number of the second gas backwashing port 4 and the annular gas charging pipe 10 can be increased, during gas backwashing, by blowing air into the first gas backwashing port and the second gas backwashing port respectively, the carbon layer can be gas backwashed from bottom to top in sections, thereby solving the problem of poor gas backwashing effect when the carbon layer thickness is large. Moreover, because the water caps are evenly arranged on the water cap plate, the annular gas charging pipe is set, and the aeration disk is evenly arranged on the annular gas charging pipe, the gas can be more evenly distributed in the carbon layer during the gas backwashing process, thereby improving the gas backwashing effect.

[0027] However, since each air backwashing port needs to be air backwashed separately during the air backwashing process, the air backwashing time will be doubled, resulting in increased time cost. Therefore, the number of second air backwashing ports 4 and annular inflation pipes 10 should not be set too much.

[0028] The second carbon removal port 5 may be provided in plurality, so that activated carbon of different heights can be discharged simultaneously from different carbon removal ports, thereby increasing the carbon removal speed.

[0029] The working process of the utility model is as follows:

[0030] The regenerated activated carbon or new carbon is moved into the tank body 2 from the activated carbon inlet 12, and the raw water comes in from the backwash outlet and raw water inlet 1. After staying for a certain period of time, the activated carbon adsorbs the COD in the raw water to make the effluent COD meet the standard, and then it is discharged from the first gas backwash outlet 6.

[0031] During the adsorption process, the activated carbon needs to be backwashed. Since the carbon layer 3 is thick, which affects the gas backwashing effect, a second gas backwashing port 4 is added in the middle of the carbon layer 3. The activated carbon is backwashed through the second gas backwashing port 4 and the first gas backwashing port 6 respectively, so as to achieve the best backwashing effect.

[0032] Taking the second air backwash port 4 and the annular air charging pipe 10 as an example, during air backwashing, the water level is first maintained in the middle of the carbon layer 3, that is, at the second air backwash port 4, and the tank body 2 is blown with air for 5 to 8 minutes with an air blowing intensity of 12 to 13 L / m 2 ·s, the gas enters the tank body 2 from the first gas backwash port 6, and then passes through the water cap 9 arranged on the water cap plate 8 to backwash the carbon layer 3. After the end, continue to add water to make the water level submerge the carbon layer 3, and the fan blows air into the tank body 2 from the second gas backwash port 4 for 5 to 8 minutes, with a blowing intensity of 12 to 13L / m 2 ·s, the gas passes through the annular inflation pipe 10 and the aeration plate 11 to perform aeration backwashing on the carbon layer 3, so that the debris completely floats above the carbon layer 3.

[0033] When multiple second air backwash ports and annular inflation pipes are provided, the first air backwash port is inflated first, and then each second air backwash port is inflated in sequence from bottom to top; during the first inflating, the water level is maintained at the lowest second air backwash port, and each subsequent inflating causes the water level to rise to the previous second air backwash port, and during the final inflating, the water level is submerged above the top of the carbon layer.

[0034] During water backwashing, the tank body 2 is filled with water, and the activated carbon is backwashed through the first gas backwashing port 6 using a water pump with sufficient lift.

[0035] The debris generated by water washing and air washing is discharged from the backwash outlet and raw water inlet 1. The water cap 9 and the aeration plate 11 are both finished parts, which can effectively ensure that the activated carbon does not escape from the first air backwash port 6 and the second air backwash port 4.

[0036] In addition, a second carbon removal port 5 is provided in the middle of the carbon layer 3 on the tank body 2 . When the activated carbon is saturated, the activated carbon above the middle of the carbon layer 3 is removed from the second carbon removal port 5 , and the remaining activated carbon is removed from the first carbon removal port 7 .

[0037] The adsorption experimental data of the ultra-thick carbon layer adsorption tower of the utility model and the conventional tank are given below to compare the adsorption effects. The carbon layer thickness of the conventional tank is 3 meters, and the ultra-thick carbon layer is designed to be 6.6 meters and 9 meters respectively. Both the 6.6-meter and 9-meter carbon layers adopt the form of a second gas backwash port and a ring-shaped inflation tube set on the tank body. The diameters of the 3-meter, 6.6-meter and 9-meter carbon columns are the same, and they are all filled with Shenhua's new activated carbon. The amount of activated carbon filled in the 3-meter carbon column is 47.1kg, the amount of activated carbon filled in the 6.6-meter carbon column is 103.62kg, and the amount of activated carbon filled in the 9-meter carbon column is 141.3kg. The backwash intensity is 8L / m 2 ·s.

[0038] Table 1 Adsorption experimental data of 3-meter carbon layer

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] Table 2 Adsorption experimental data of 6.6 m carbon layer

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Table 3 Adsorption experimental data of 9-meter carbon layer

[0045]

[0046] Compare the effluent COD values ​​of carbon layers of different thicknesses at the same residence time in Table 1-3 and draw a curve graph, as shown in Figure 3 As shown. In addition, it can be seen from the data in Table 1-3 that the COD removal rates of the 3-meter, 6.6-meter and 9-meter carbon layers are 69.10%, 67.98% and 70.02% respectively, and the mass ratios of COD adsorption to activated carbon are 27.59%, 27.10% and 27.76% respectively. It can be seen that the increase in the thickness of the carbon layer does not affect the water treatment effect. At the same time, since the tank diameters of the 3-meter, 6.6-meter and 9-meter carbon layers are the same, the ratio of the carbon layer height (activated carbon dosage) is equal to the ratio of the wastewater flow rate during the wastewater treatment process, the ratio of the total amount of COD adsorbed by each carbon layer, and the ratio of the single-tower water treatment capacity of the adsorption tower where each carbon layer is located. The ratio of carbon layer height is 3:6.6:9=1:2.2:3, the mass ratio of activated carbon is 47.1:103.62:141.3=1:2.2:3, the ratio of flow rate is 189:415:562=1:2.196:2.974, and the ratio of total adsorbed COD is 12.995:28.078:39.224=1:2.161:3.018. It can be seen that the calculation results of the data are consistent, proving that increasing the carbon layer height can indeed double the water treatment capacity, and the treatment effect is the same.

[0047] In summary, after many tests, it is shown that no matter how thick the carbon layer is, when the inlet COD value and the total contact residence time are the same, the outlet COD value is basically the same, the saturation cycle of the adsorbent is basically the same, and the water treatment capacity increases in proportion to the thickness of the carbon layer. Compared with conventional tanks, the ultra-thick carbon layer activated carbon adsorption tower of the utility model can be equivalent to three or more, which can greatly reduce the equipment footprint, reduce equipment investment and operating costs, is highly economical, and has good application prospects.

[0048] The above is a further detailed description of the utility model in combination with a specific implementation method, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the utility model is limited to this; for technical personnel in the field of the utility model and related technical fields, based on the technical solution of the utility model, the expansion and replacement of operating methods and data should all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An activated carbon adsorption tower with an ultra-thick carbon layer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tank body (2), wherein the tank body (2) is arranged in a vertical direction, an upper head is arranged on the top of the tank body (2), and a lower head is arranged on the bottom, the upper head is arranged with an activated carbon inlet (12) and an exhaust port, and the lower head is arranged with a first gas backwash port (6), a first carbon removal port (7) and a drain port; a backwash port and a raw water inlet (1) are arranged at the top of the tank body (2); a water cap plate (8) is arranged at the bottom of the tank body (2), and a plurality of water caps (9) are evenly arranged on the water cap plate (8); the tank body (2) ) is provided with a charcoal layer (3), the bottom of the charcoal layer (3) is located on a water cap plate (8), and the thickness of the charcoal layer (3) is 6 to 15 meters; a second air backwash port (4) and a second charcoal removal port (5) are provided in the middle of the tank body (2), and an annular air filling pipe (10) is provided in the middle of the tank body (2), the height of the annular air filling pipe (10) is located in the middle section of the charcoal layer (3), the annular air filling pipe (10) is connected to the second air backwash port (4), and a plurality of aeration plates (11) are evenly arranged on the annular air filling pipe (10).

2. The activated carbon adsorption tower with ultra-thick carbon layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the thickness of the charcoal layer (3) is 6 to 9 meters, one annular gas filling pipe (10) and one second gas backwash port (4) are each provided, and the annular gas filling pipe (10) is located at 1 / 2 of the height of the charcoal layer.

3. The activated carbon adsorption tower with ultra-thick carbon layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the thickness of the carbon layer (3) is greater than 9 meters, two or three of the annular gas filling pipes (10) and the second gas backwashing ports (4) are provided, and the plurality of annular gas filling pipes (10) are evenly arranged in the tank body (2) according to the height of the carbon layer (3).

4. The activated carbon adsorption tower with an ultra-thick carbon layer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The number of the second carbon removal ports (5) is greater than or equal to the number of the second gas backwash ports (4), and the plurality of second carbon removal ports (5) are evenly arranged on the tank body (2) according to the height of the carbon layer (3).

5. The activated carbon adsorption tower with ultra-thick carbon layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover is provided with a pressure gauge interface, and a pressure gauge is installed on the pressure gauge interface.

6. The activated carbon adsorption tower with ultra-thick carbon layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the tank body is provided with a skirt seat (14), and a manhole (13) is provided on the skirt seat.

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