Drainage system for ventilating shaft and connecting air duct of extra-long highway tunnel

Abstract

The utility model provides an extra-long highway tunnel ventilation shaft and connection air duct drainage system, which comprises a shaft, an air supply connection channel and an air exhaust connection channel, the shaft is arranged on one side of a tunnel, the shaft is divided into a first channel and a second channel, one end of the air supply connection channel is communicated with the tunnel, and the other end of the air supply connection channel is communicated with the first channel. One end of the exhaust connection channel is communicated with the side part of the tunnel while the other end is communicated with the second channel; first drainage pipes are arranged on the two sides of the air supply connecting channel, the tunnel ends of the first drainage pipes are higher than the vertical shaft ends, second drainage pipes are arranged on the two sides of the air exhaust connecting channel, the tunnel ends of the second drainage pipes are lower than the vertical shaft ends, and the vertical shaft ends of the first drainage pipes are communicated with the vertical shaft ends of the second drainage pipes. The drainage ditch is communicated with a central ditch of the tunnel, and the vertical shaft end of the drainage ditch is higher than the tunnel end. Air flow in the tunnel is increased, external water entering is reduced, and the interior of the tunnel is kept dry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular relates to a drainage system for a ventilation shaft and a connecting air duct in an extra-long highway tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Highway tunnels, especially extra-long tunnels, often need to set up several shafts to facilitate ventilation and smoke exhaust inside the tunnel. Therefore, the reasonable setting of the shafts and the drainage system of the shafts themselves are particularly critical and are important links affecting the daily operation and safety of extra-long highway tunnels. In the industry, tunnels with a total length of less than 500 meters are short tunnels, tunnels with a total length of more than 500 meters and less than 1,000 meters (including 1,000 meters) are medium tunnels, tunnels with a total length of more than 1,000 meters and less than 3,000 meters (including 3,000 meters) are long tunnels, and tunnels with a total length of more than 3,000 meters are extra-long tunnels.

[0003] At present, the traditional drainage system of the main structure of tunnels in my country includes drainage blind ditch, central ditch, waterproof board, water stop strip, etc., and the auxiliary structures such as shafts mostly adopt the centralized pumping and drainage method of water collection bins and water collection wells. The existing drainage method is not easy to drain water in time, and the air in the shaft is not circulated, resulting in the shaft being in a humid environment for a long time. The various pipes, cables and other tunnel operation and maintenance equipment inside the shaft are exposed to the humid environment for a long time, which greatly affects their service life, increases the safety risk of the tunnel, and cannot meet the requirements of daily tunnel operation.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a drainage system for ventilation shafts and connecting air ducts in extra-long highway tunnels to solve or at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a drainage system for ventilation shafts and connecting air ducts in extra-long highway tunnels, aiming to solve the problem that the shafts are in a humid environment for a long time due to poor ventilation and drainage in existing tunnel shafts. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] A drainage system for a ventilation shaft and a connecting air duct in an extra-long highway tunnel comprises a shaft, an air supply connecting duct and an exhaust connecting duct. The shaft is arranged at one side of the tunnel. The shaft is divided into a first channel and a second channel arranged on the left and right sides in the vertical direction. One end of the air supply connecting duct is used to communicate with the top of the tunnel, and the other end of the air supply connecting duct is connected to the first channel. The exhaust connecting duct is used to communicate with the side of the tunnel, and the other end of the exhaust connecting duct is connected to the second channel. First drainage pipes that allow external water to enter are arranged on both sides of the air supply connecting duct, and the elevation of the tunnel end of the first drainage pipe is higher than the elevation of the shaft end of the first drainage pipe. Second drainage pipes that allow external water to penetrate are arranged on both sides of the exhaust connecting duct, and the elevation of the tunnel end of the second drainage pipe is lower than the elevation of the shaft end of the second drainage pipe. One end of the first drainage pipe close to the shaft is connected to one end of the second drainage pipe close to the shaft. A drainage ditch is arranged at the bottom of the exhaust connecting duct, and the drainage ditch is connected to the central ditch of the tunnel. The shaft end of the drainage ditch is higher than the tunnel end of the drainage ditch, and the second drainage pipe is connected to the drainage ditch.

[0007] Furthermore, a drainage branch pipe is provided on one side of the second drainage pipe close to the drainage ditch, the second drainage pipe is connected to the drainage ditch through the drainage branch pipe, and one end of the drainage branch pipe connected to the second drainage pipe is higher than one end of the drainage branch pipe connected to the drainage ditch.

[0008] Furthermore, a branch exhaust channel is connected to the middle of the exhaust channel, one end of the branch exhaust channel is connected to the middle of the exhaust channel, the other end of the branch exhaust channel crosses over the tunnel and is connected to another adjacent tunnel, and a third drain pipe that allows external water to infiltrate is provided on both sides of the branch exhaust channel. The elevation of the middle of the third drain pipe is higher than the elevations of both ends of the third drain pipe, one end of the third drain pipe close to the exhaust channel is connected to the second drain pipe, and the end of the third drain pipe away from the exhaust channel is connected to the central ditch of another tunnel.

[0009] Furthermore, a fourth drainage pipe is provided on the outside of the shaft along the axial direction of the shaft to allow external water to penetrate therein. Multiple fourth drainage pipes are provided and arranged circumferentially along the shaft. The bottoms of the multiple fourth drainage pipes are all connected to the drainage ditch.

[0010] Furthermore, a first annular blind ditch is provided on the outside of the vertical shaft to allow external water to infiltrate, and the first annular blind ditch intersects and communicates with a plurality of fourth drainage pipes.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of first annular blind grooves are arranged, and the plurality of first annular blind grooves are arranged along the circumference of the shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, a second annular blind ditch is provided on the outer side of the air supply connecting channel to allow external water to infiltrate, and the second annular blind ditch intersects and is connected with the first drainage pipe; a third annular blind ditch is provided on the outer side of the exhaust connecting channel to allow external water to infiltrate, and the third annular blind ditch intersects and is connected with the second drainage pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of second annular blind grooves are arranged, and the plurality of second annular blind grooves are arranged axially along the air supply connection channel, and a plurality of third annular blind grooves are arranged, and the plurality of third annular blind grooves are arranged axially along the air exhaust connection channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the end of the drainage ditch away from the vertical shaft has a sand settling trough and a connecting pipe, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the sand settling trough, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the central ditch in the tunnel, and the connection point between the connecting pipe and the sand settling trough is higher than the bottom of the sand settling trough.

[0015] The application of the technical scheme of the utility model has the following beneficial effects: firstly, the first channel of the vertical shaft is connected with the air supply duct and the top of the tunnel, so that the air outside the tunnel can enter the tunnel; the second channel is connected with the exhaust duct and the side of the tunnel, so that the air in the tunnel can be discharged; the air can form convection by one in and one out, thereby increasing the fluidity of the air in the tunnel, the vertical shaft, the air supply duct and the exhaust duct, so that the tunnel and the vertical shaft, the air supply duct and the exhaust duct can be kept dry; secondly, the groundwater outside the air supply duct can enter the first drain pipe by infiltration, and the groundwater outside the exhaust duct can enter the second drain pipe by infiltration; the water infiltrated into the first drain pipe and the water infiltrated into the second drain pipe are discharged into the central ditch of the tunnel through the second drain pipe for discharge, thereby minimizing the infiltration of groundwater into the air supply duct and the exhaust duct. By increasing ventilation and reducing groundwater infiltration, the air humidity in tunnels, shafts, air supply ducts and exhaust ducts can be reduced as much as possible, so that various pipelines, cables and other tunnel operation and maintenance equipment located in tunnels, shafts, air supply ducts and exhaust ducts are in a relatively dry working environment, reducing the failure rate of pipelines, cables and other tunnel operation and maintenance equipment, and reducing the risk of safety accidents in the tunnel.

[0016] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drainage system for a tunnel ventilation shaft connecting air duct according to the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the air supply connection channel in the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the exhaust connection channel in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vertical shaft and the air supply connecting channel in the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vertical shaft, air supply connecting channel and air supply branch connecting channel in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vertical shaft in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the vertical shaft in the utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the drainage ditch, the sand settling trough and the connecting pipe in the utility model.

[0026] Among them, 1. vertical shaft; 11. first channel; 12. second channel; 2. air supply communication channel; 3. exhaust communication channel; 31. exhaust branch communication channel; 4. first drainage pipe; 5. second drainage pipe; 51. drainage branch pipe; 6. drainage ditch; 61. sedimentation trough; 62. connecting pipe; 7. third drainage pipe; 8. fourth drainage pipe; 9. first annular blind ditch; 13. second annular blind ditch; 14. third annular blind ditch; 15. tunnel; 16. central ditch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below, and preferred embodiments of the present invention are given. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] Example:

[0030] See also Figure 1 - Figure 8The present embodiment provides a drainage system for a ventilation shaft 1 and a connecting air duct of a tunnel 15, including a shaft 1, an air supply connecting duct 2 and an exhaust connecting duct 3. The shaft 1 is arranged at one side of the tunnel 15. The shaft 1 is divided into a first channel 11 and a second channel 12 arranged on the left and right in the vertical direction. One end of the air supply connecting duct 2 is connected to the top of the tunnel 15, and the other end of the air supply connecting duct 2 is connected to the first channel 11. One end of the exhaust connecting duct 3 is connected to the side of the tunnel 15, and the other end of the exhaust connecting duct 3 is connected to the second channel 12. Both sides of the air supply connecting duct 2 are provided with a second channel 12 that allows external water to enter. A drain pipe 4 is provided, and the elevation of the tunnel end of the first drain pipe 4 is higher than the elevation of the shaft end of the first drain pipe 4. Second drain pipes 5 that allow external water to penetrate are provided on both sides of the exhaust liaison channel 3, and the elevation of the tunnel end of the second drain pipe 5 is lower than the elevation of the shaft end of the second drain pipe 5. One end of the first drain pipe 4 close to the shaft 1 is connected with one end of the second drain pipe 5 close to the shaft 1. A drain ditch 6 is provided at the bottom of the exhaust liaison channel 3. The drain ditch 6 is connected with the central ditch 16 of the tunnel 15, and the shaft end of the drain ditch 6 is higher than the tunnel end of the drain ditch 6. The second drain pipe 5 is connected to the drain ditch 6.

[0031] It can be understood that the shaft 1 is divided into a first channel 11 and a second channel 12 by a middle partition. The first channel 11 of the shaft 1 is connected with the air supply duct 2 and the top of the tunnel 15. An exhaust fan is arranged at the top of the tunnel 15 and the position of the air supply duct 2. The air outside the tunnel 15 is sucked into the tunnel 15 by the exhaust fan, so that the air outside the tunnel 15 can smoothly enter the tunnel 15. The second channel 12 is connected with the exhaust duct 3 and the side of the tunnel 15. An exhaust fan is installed at the position of the exhaust duct 3 on the side of the tunnel 15. The air in the tunnel 15 is discharged to the outside of the tunnel 15 by the exhaust fan. The air is convection formed by the inlet and outlet, which increases the fluidity of the air in the tunnel 15, the shaft 1, the air supply duct 2 and the exhaust duct 3, so that the tunnel 15, the shaft 1, the air supply duct 2 and the exhaust duct 3 are kept dry. Secondly, the first drain pipe 4 is located at the lower part of both sides of the air supply connecting channel 2. The first drain pipe 4 has a penetration function. For example, it is made of a material with a penetration function, or many small holes are drilled on the side wall of the first drain pipe 4, so that the groundwater outside the air supply connecting channel 2 can smoothly penetrate into the first drain pipe 4. The second drain pipe 5 has the same penetration function as the first drain pipe 4, so that the groundwater outside the exhaust connecting channel 3 can smoothly penetrate into the second drain pipe 5. The water infiltrated into the first drain pipe 4 and the water infiltrated into the second drain pipe 5 are discharged into the central ditch 16 of the tunnel 15 through the second drain pipe 5, and then discharged from the tunnel 15, thereby minimizing the penetration of groundwater into the air supply connecting channel 2 and the exhaust connecting channel 3. By increasing ventilation and reducing groundwater infiltration, the air humidity in the tunnel 15, the shaft 1, the air supply duct 2 and the exhaust duct 3 can be reduced as much as possible, so that various pipelines, cables and other tunnel 15 operation and maintenance equipment located in the tunnel 15, the shaft 1, the air supply duct 2 and the exhaust duct 3 are in a relatively dry working environment, reducing the failure rate of pipelines, cables and other tunnel 15 operation and maintenance equipment and reducing the risk of safety accidents in the tunnel 15.

[0032] Furthermore, a drainage branch pipe 51 is provided on one side of the second drain pipe 5 close to the drainage ditch 6. A plurality of drainage branch pipes 51 are provided, and the plurality of drainage branch pipes 51 are arranged axially along the second drain pipe 5. The second drain pipe 5 is connected with the drainage ditch 6 through the drainage branch pipes 51. All the drainage branch pipes 51 are arranged at an angle. An end of the drainage branch pipe 51 connected to the second drain pipe 5 is higher than an end of the drainage branch pipe 51 connected to the drainage ditch 6, so that water in the second drain pipe 5 can naturally flow into the drainage ditch 6 through the drainage branch pipe 51 under the action of gravity.

[0033] Furthermore, an exhaust branch communication channel 31 is connected to the middle of the exhaust communication channel 3, one end of the exhaust branch communication channel 31 is connected to the middle of the exhaust communication channel 3, and the other end of the exhaust branch communication channel 31 crosses over the tunnel 15 and is connected to another adjacent tunnel 15. An exhaust fan is arranged at the connection between the exhaust branch communication channel 31 and another adjacent tunnel 15, and the air in the other tunnel 15 is discharged by the exhaust fan to increase the air circulation in the other adjacent tunnel 15. A third drainage pipe 7 is arranged on both sides of the exhaust branch communication channel 31 to allow external water to penetrate. The elevation of the middle part of the third drainage pipe 7 is higher than the elevation of the two ends of the third drainage pipe 7. The end of the third drainage pipe 7 close to the exhaust communication channel 3 is connected to the second drainage pipe 5, and the end of the third drainage pipe 7 away from the exhaust communication channel 3 is connected to the central ditch 16 of another tunnel 15. The third drain pipe 7 has the same structure as the first drain pipe 4 and has the same infiltration function. The water on the outside of the exhaust branch channel 31 infiltrates into the third drain pipe 7, and the water in the middle of the third drain pipe 7 flows to both ends respectively. Part of the water flows out through the second drain pipe 5, and the other part of the water is discharged through the central ditch 16 in the middle of another adjacent tunnel 15.

[0034] Furthermore, a fourth drain pipe 8 is provided outside the shaft 1 along the axial direction of the shaft 1 to allow external water to penetrate. The fourth drain pipe 8 has the same structure as the first drain pipe 4 and has the same penetration function, so that the groundwater outside the shaft 1 can smoothly enter the fourth drain pipe 8, reducing the concentration of the groundwater outside the shaft 1, thereby reducing the amount of groundwater penetrating into the shaft 1, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the humidity in the shaft 1. A plurality of fourth drain pipes 8 are provided, and the plurality of fourth drain pipes 8 are arranged circumferentially along the shaft 1, and the bottoms of the plurality of fourth drain pipes 8 are all connected to the drainage ditch 6. The water penetrating into the fourth drain pipe 8 is discharged into the drainage ditch 6 and discharged through the central water ditch 16 of the tunnel 15.

[0035] Furthermore, a first annular blind ditch 9 is provided outside the shaft 1 to allow external water to infiltrate, and the first annular blind ditch 9 intersects and communicates with a plurality of fourth drainage pipes 8. The first annular blind ditch 9 has the same infiltration structure as the first drainage pipe 4, and the underground outside the shaft 1 infiltrates into the first annular blind ditch 9, reducing the concentration of groundwater outside the shaft 1, thereby reducing the amount of groundwater infiltrating into the shaft 1, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the humidity in the shaft 1.

[0036] Furthermore, a plurality of first annular blind ditches 9 are arranged, and the plurality of first annular blind ditches 9 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the shaft 1. The plurality of first annular blind ditches 9 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the shaft 1, and the spacing between two adjacent first annular blind ditches 9 is controlled to be between 10 meters and 30 meters. During on-site construction, the distance between two adjacent first annular blind ditches 9 is more than 20 meters, which saves construction costs while ensuring that the groundwater content outside the shaft 1 is as low as possible.

[0037] Furthermore, a second annular blind ditch 13 is provided on the outside of the air supply duct 2 to allow external water to infiltrate, and the second annular blind ditch 13 has the same water seepage structure as the first drain pipe 4, and the second annular blind ditch 13 intersects and communicates with the first drain pipe 4, and the groundwater on the outside of the air supply duct 2 infiltrates into the second annular blind ditch 13 and is discharged through the first drain pipe 4; a third annular blind ditch 14 is provided on the outside of the exhaust duct 3 to allow external water to infiltrate, and the second annular blind ditch 13 has the same water seepage structure as the first drain pipe 4, and the third annular blind ditch 14 intersects and communicates with the second drain pipe 5, and the groundwater on the outside of the exhaust duct 3 infiltrates into the third annular blind ditch 14 and is discharged through the second drain pipe 5. The groundwater content on the outside of the air supply duct 2 and the exhaust duct 3 is reduced, so that the groundwater on the outside of the air supply duct 2 and the exhaust duct 3 infiltrates into the air supply duct 2 and the exhaust duct 3 as little as possible.

[0038] Furthermore, multiple second annular blind ditches 13 are arranged, and multiple second annular blind ditches 13 are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the air supply duct 2, and the interval between two adjacent second annular blind ditches 13 is between 10 meters and 30 meters, and 20 meters is taken in this embodiment, which saves construction costs while ensuring that the groundwater content outside the shaft 1 is as low as possible. Multiple third annular blind ditches 14 are arranged, and multiple third annular blind ditches 14 are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the exhaust duct 3, and the interval between two adjacent third annular blind ditches 14 is between 10 meters and 30 meters, and 20 meters is taken in this embodiment, which saves construction costs while ensuring that the groundwater content outside the shaft 1 is as low as possible.

[0039] Furthermore, the end of the drainage ditch 6 away from the shaft 1 has a sand settling tank 61 and a connecting pipe 62, the sand settling tank 61 is connected to the end of the drainage ditch 6 away from the shaft 1, one end of the connecting pipe 62 is connected to the sand settling tank 61, and the other end of the connecting pipe 62 is connected to the central ditch 16 in the tunnel 15, and the connecting point of the connecting pipe 62 and the sand settling tank 61 is higher than the bottom of the sand settling tank 61. The silt entering the drainage ditch 6 flows along the drainage ditch 6 to the downstream of the drainage ditch 6 and is deposited in the sand settling tank 61, so as to prevent the silt from blocking the connecting pipe 62.

[0040] The working principle of the technical solution of the utility model is as follows: on the one hand, the dry air outside the tunnel 15 enters the tunnel 15 from the first channel 11 through the air supply duct 2, and the humid air inside the tunnel 15 is discharged from the tunnel 15 through the exhaust duct 3 and the exhaust branch duct 31 through the second channel 12. The one-in-one-out process increases the flow rate of air in the tunnel 15, the shaft 1, the exhaust duct 3, the exhaust branch duct 31 and the air intake duct, thereby reducing the humidity of the air in the tunnel 15, the shaft 1, the exhaust duct 3, the exhaust branch duct 31 and the air intake duct. On the other hand, the groundwater content outside the air supply duct 2 is reduced through the first drainage pipes 4 on both sides of the air supply duct 2, so that the groundwater can penetrate into the air supply duct 2 as little as possible; the groundwater content outside the exhaust duct 3 is reduced through the second drainage pipes 5 on both sides of the exhaust duct 3, so that the groundwater can penetrate into the exhaust duct 3 as little as possible; thus, the air supply duct 2 and the exhaust duct 3 are kept relatively dry. The water in the first drainage pipe 4 flows into the second drainage pipe 5, and enters the drainage ditch 6 through the drainage branch pipe 51, and the water in the drainage ditch 6 is discharged through the central ditch 16 of the tunnel 15.

[0041] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A drainage system for ventilation shafts and connecting air ducts in extra-long highway tunnels, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vertical shaft (1), an air supply connection channel (2) and an exhaust connection channel (3), wherein the vertical shaft (1) is arranged at one side of a tunnel (15), and the vertical shaft (1) is divided into a first channel (11) and a second channel (12) arranged on the left and right sides in a vertical direction, one end of the air supply connection channel (2) is used to communicate with the top of the tunnel (15), and the other end of the air supply connection channel (2) is communicated with the first channel (11), and the exhaust connection channel (3) is used to communicate with the side of the tunnel (15), and the other end of the exhaust connection channel (3) is communicated with the second channel (12); First drainage pipes (4) are provided on both sides of the air supply duct (2) to allow external water to enter, and the elevation of the tunnel end of the first drainage pipe (4) is higher than the elevation of the shaft end of the first drainage pipe (4). Second drainage pipes (5) are provided on both sides of the exhaust duct (3) to allow external water to penetrate, and the elevation of the tunnel end of the second drainage pipe (5) is lower than the elevation of the shaft end of the second drainage pipe (5). One end of the first drainage pipe (4) close to the shaft (1) is connected to one end of the second drainage pipe (5) close to the shaft (1). A drainage ditch (6) is provided at the bottom of the exhaust duct (3). The drainage ditch (6) is connected to the central ditch (16) of the tunnel (15), and the shaft end of the drainage ditch (6) is higher than the tunnel end of the drainage ditch (6). The second drainage pipe (5) is connected to the drainage ditch (6), and the drainage ditch (6) is arranged to be inclined downward along the exhaust duct (3) toward the tunnel (15).

2. A drainage system for ventilation shafts and connecting air ducts in extra-long highway tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage branch pipe (51) is provided on a side of the second drainage pipe (5) close to the drainage ditch (6); the second drainage pipe (5) is connected to the drainage ditch (6) through the drainage branch pipe (51); and the end of the drainage branch pipe (51) connected to the second drainage pipe (5) is higher than the end of the drainage branch pipe (51) connected to the drainage ditch (6).

3. The drainage system for the ventilation shaft and connecting air duct of an extra-long highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle of the exhaust duct (3) is connected to an exhaust branch duct (31), one end of the exhaust branch duct (31) is connected to the middle of the exhaust duct (3), the other end of the exhaust branch duct (31) crosses over the tunnel (15) and is connected to another adjacent tunnel (15), and third drainage pipes (7) are provided on both sides of the exhaust branch duct (31) to allow external water to penetrate, the elevation of the middle of the third drainage pipe (7) is higher than the elevations of the two ends of the third drainage pipe (7), the end of the third drainage pipe (7) close to the exhaust duct (3) is connected to the second drainage pipe (5), and the end of the third drainage pipe (7) away from the exhaust duct (3) is connected to the central ditch (16) of another tunnel (15).

4. A drainage system for ventilation shafts and connecting air ducts in an extra-long highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fourth drainage pipe (8) is provided on the outside of the vertical shaft (1) along the axial direction of the vertical shaft (1) to allow external water to penetrate therein, a plurality of the fourth drainage pipes (8) are provided, the plurality of fourth drainage pipes (8) are arranged circumferentially along the vertical shaft (1), and the bottoms of the plurality of fourth drainage pipes (8) are all connected to the drainage ditch (6).

5. A drainage system for ventilation shafts and connecting air ducts in extra-long highway tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first annular blind ditch (9) is provided on the outside of the vertical shaft (1) to allow external water to penetrate therein, and the first annular blind ditch (9) intersects and communicates with a plurality of the fourth drainage pipes (8).

6. A drainage system for ventilation shafts and connecting air ducts in extra-long highway tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of the first annular blind grooves (9) are arranged, and the plurality of first annular blind grooves (9) are arranged along the circumference of the shaft (1).

7. A drainage system for ventilation shafts and connecting air ducts in extra-long highway tunnels according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A second annular blind ditch (13) is provided on the outside of the air supply connection channel (2) to allow external water to penetrate, and the second annular blind ditch (13) intersects and communicates with the first drainage pipe (4); a third annular blind ditch (14) is provided on the outside of the air exhaust connection channel (3) to allow external water to penetrate, and the third annular blind ditch (14) intersects and communicates with the second drainage pipe (5).

8. A drainage system for ventilation shafts and connecting air ducts in extra-long highway tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of the second annular blind grooves (13) are arranged, and the plurality of second annular blind grooves (13) are arranged axially along the air supply connection channel (2); a plurality of the third annular blind grooves (14) are arranged, and the plurality of third annular blind grooves (14) are arranged axially along the air exhaust connection channel (3).

9. A drainage system for ventilation shafts and connecting air ducts in extra-long highway tunnels according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The drainage ditch (6) has a sand settling trough (61) and a connecting pipe (62) at one end away from the vertical shaft (1), one end of the connecting pipe (62) is connected to the sand settling trough (61), and the other end of the connecting pipe (62) is connected to the central ditch (16) in the tunnel (15), and the connection point between the connecting pipe (62) and the sand settling trough (61) is higher than the bottom of the sand settling trough (61).

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