High-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring settlement deformation of roadway roof

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring settlement deformation of a roadway roof, and belongs to the technical field of roadway roof monitoring. The device comprises a strain sensing optical cable and a hollow steel pipe assembly. The head end and the tail end of the strain sensing optical cable are connected with an optical fiber signal receiver. The strain sensing optical cable comprises a built-in optical cable penetrating through the inner side of the hollow steel pipe assembly and an external optical cable extending to the outer side of the hollow steel pipe assembly; strain node sensors are arranged on the surface of the strain sensing optical cable at equal intervals. According to the utility model, high-density and fixed-point monitoring of settlement deformation of the roadway roof can be realized, potential safety hazards can be found in time, and more reliable guarantee is provided for mine safety. Meanwhile, the device is high in automation and intelligence degree, the requirement for manual measurement can be reduced, the construction risk is reduced, and the engineering efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel roof monitoring, and more specifically to a high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring the settlement and deformation of tunnel roofs. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of mining, underground engineering and large-scale infrastructure construction, the stability of the tunnel roof is a key factor in ensuring the safety of the project and the lives of construction workers. With the continuous expansion of the scale of projects and the increasing complexity of the working environment, the traditional roof settlement and deformation monitoring methods have been unable to meet the needs of modern projects. These methods usually rely on manual measurement or limited automated sensors, but traditional methods cannot provide continuous monitoring data, resulting in the existence of monitoring blind spots; at the same time, existing sensors are easily disturbed by environmental factors, affecting the stability and accuracy of the data; relying on manual measurement is inefficient and poses safety risks; automated monitoring technology has not yet been popularized, and real-time monitoring and rapid response cannot be achieved.

[0003] Based on the above background, the high-density fixed-point densely distributed strain sensing optical cable system proposed by this utility model patent can provide continuous monitoring data by arranging a sensing node every meter, effectively eliminating monitoring blind spots, and improving the system's anti-interference and data transmission stability through optical fiber technology. In addition, the integrated temperature compensation module and advanced data processing unit enable the system to automatically correct environmental impacts and quickly generate accurate monitoring reports, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0004] 1. Technical problems to be solved by the utility model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring the settlement and deformation of the tunnel roof. The utility model can achieve high-density and fixed-point monitoring of the settlement and deformation of the tunnel roof, timely discover potential safety hazards, and provide more reliable protection for mine safety. At the same time, the device has a high degree of automation and intelligence, which can reduce the need for manual measurement, reduce construction risks, and improve engineering efficiency.

[0006] 2. Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:

[0008] The utility model discloses a high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring the settlement and deformation of a tunnel roof, comprising a strain sensing optical cable and a hollow steel pipe assembly, wherein both ends of the strain sensing optical cable are connected to an optical fiber signal receiver;

[0009] The strain sensing optical cable includes an internal optical cable inserted into the inner side of the hollow steel tube assembly, and an external optical cable extending to the outer side of the hollow steel tube assembly. The external optical cable is arranged along the length direction of the hollow steel tube assembly and fits with the tube body of the hollow steel tube assembly. The external optical cable is tied to the outer side of the hollow steel tube assembly by a fixing tie.

[0010] The surface of the strain sensing optical cable is provided with strain node sensors at equal intervals;

[0011] Both ends of the hollow steel pipe assembly are provided with steel pipe sealing assemblies, the steel pipe sealing assembly is a hollow structure, and the end faces of the steel pipe sealing assembly are respectively provided with optical cable holes and grouting holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the strain sensing optical cable is a high-density fixed-point densely distributed strain sensing optical cable.

[0013] Furthermore, the strain node sensors are provided in multiple groups, and the distance between adjacent strain node sensors is one meter.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer side of the steel pipe sealing component is provided with an external sealing thread, and correspondingly, both ends of the hollow steel pipe component are provided with internal sealing threads, and the steel pipe sealing component is threadedly connected to the hollow steel pipe component.

[0015] Furthermore, the hollow steel pipe assembly includes a first steel pipe and a second steel pipe, and the first steel pipe is connected to the second steel pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the head of the first steel pipe is provided with a sealing internal thread, and the tail of the first steel pipe is provided with a connecting internal thread; the head of the second steel pipe is provided with a connecting external thread, and the tail of the second steel pipe is provided with a sealing internal thread, the head of the first steel pipe and the tail of the second steel pipe are respectively threadedly connected to the steel pipe sealing assembly, and the first steel pipe is threadedly connected to the connecting external thread of the second steel pipe through the connecting internal thread.

[0017] Furthermore, the second steel pipes are provided in multiple groups as appropriate, two adjacent groups of second steel pipes are connected end to end, and the tail of the last section of the second steel pipe is sealed by a steel pipe sealing assembly.

[0018] Furthermore, the optical fiber signal receiver includes a temperature compensation module and a data acquisition and processing unit. The output end of the strain node sensor is connected to the temperature compensation module. The temperature compensation module first performs data preprocessing and then transmits the processed data to the data acquisition and processing unit. The temperature compensation module is used to correct the impact of temperature changes on monitoring data in real time, and the data acquisition and processing unit is used to collect data from the strain node sensor in real time and perform processing and analysis.

[0019] 3. Beneficial effects

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The utility model can realize high-density and fixed-point monitoring of the settlement and deformation of the tunnel roof, timely discover potential safety hazards, and provide more reliable protection for mine safety. At the same time, the device has a high degree of automation and intelligence, which can reduce the need for manual measurement, reduce construction risks, and improve engineering efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a disassembly effect diagram of the hollow steel pipe assembly of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the steel pipe sealing assembly of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the steel pipe sealing assembly of the utility model.

[0026] In the figure: 1. strain sensing optical cable; 101. built-in optical cable; 102. external optical cable; 2. strain node sensor; 3. steel pipe sealing assembly; 301. optical cable hole; 302. grouting hole; 303. sealing external thread; 4. hollow steel pipe assembly; 400. sealing internal thread; 401. first steel pipe; 402. second steel pipe; 403. connecting internal thread; 404. connecting external thread; 5. fixing tie; 6. optical fiber signal receiver. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0028] Example 1

[0029] from Figure 1-4 It can be seen that the high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring the settlement and deformation of the tunnel roof in this embodiment includes a strain sensing optical cable 1 and a hollow steel pipe assembly 4, and both ends of the strain sensing optical cable 1 are connected to the optical fiber signal receiver 6;

[0030] The strain sensing optical cable 1 includes an internal optical cable 101 inserted into the inner side of the hollow steel tube assembly 4, and an external optical cable 102 extending to the outer side of the hollow steel tube assembly 4. The external optical cable 102 is arranged along the length direction of the hollow steel tube assembly 4 and fits with the tube body of the hollow steel tube assembly 4. The external optical cable 102 is tied to the outer side of the hollow steel tube assembly 4 by a fixing tie 5.

[0031] The fixing tie 5 is an adjustable elastic tie to facilitate fixing the strain sensing optical cable 1 to the hollow steel pipe assembly 4;

[0032] The surface of the strain sensing optical cable 1 is provided with strain node sensors 2 at equal intervals;

[0033] Steel pipe sealing components 3 are provided at both ends of the hollow steel pipe component 4. The steel pipe sealing component 3 is a hollow structure, and the end faces of the steel pipe sealing component 3 are respectively provided with an optical cable hole 301 and a grouting hole 302.

[0034] The strain sensing optical cable 1 is a high-density fixed-point densely distributed strain sensing optical cable;

[0035] The optical cable adopts a unique internal fixed point design to achieve spatial non-continuous and non-uniform strain segmentation. It has good mechanical properties and tensile and compressive properties, can be well coupled with rock and soil, concrete and other structures, and can be used in conjunction with the strain node sensor 2;

[0036] There are multiple groups of strain node sensors 2, and the distance between adjacent strain node sensors 2 is one meter.

[0037] The outer side of the steel pipe sealing component 3 is provided with a sealing external thread 303 , and correspondingly, both ends of the hollow steel pipe component 4 are provided with sealing internal threads 400 , and the steel pipe sealing component 3 is threadedly connected to the hollow steel pipe component 4 .

[0038] The hollow steel pipe assembly 4 includes a first steel pipe 401 and a second steel pipe 402 . The first steel pipe 401 is connected to the second steel pipe 402 . The lengths of the first steel pipe 401 and the second steel pipe 402 may be 1 m.

[0039] The head of the first steel pipe 401 is provided with a sealing internal thread 400, and the tail of the first steel pipe 401 is provided with a connecting internal thread 403; the head of the second steel pipe 402 is provided with a connecting external thread 404, and the tail of the second steel pipe 402 is provided with a sealing internal thread 400. The head of the first steel pipe 401 and the tail of the second steel pipe 402 are threadedly connected to the steel pipe sealing assembly 3 respectively, and the first steel pipe 401 is threadedly connected to the connecting external thread 404 of the second steel pipe 402 through the connecting internal thread 403.

[0040] Multiple groups of second steel pipes 402 are provided as needed, and two adjacent groups of second steel pipes 402 are connected end to end, and the tail of the last section of the second steel pipe 402 is sealed by a steel pipe sealing assembly 3.

[0041] The optical fiber signal receiver 6 includes a temperature compensation module and a data acquisition and processing unit. The output end of the strain node sensor 2 is connected to the temperature compensation module. The temperature compensation module first performs data preprocessing and then transmits the processed data to the data acquisition and processing unit. The temperature compensation module is used to correct the influence of temperature changes on the monitoring data in real time. The data acquisition and processing unit is used to collect the data of the strain node sensor 2 in real time and perform processing and analysis;

[0042] Since temperature changes affect the physical properties of the optical fiber and thus the wavelength drift of the sensor, the temperature compensation module records and analyzes these changes to determine the potential impact of temperature changes on strain readings. Once the compensation value is calculated, the module dynamically adjusts the sensor readings to eliminate or reduce the impact of temperature changes, ensuring that the final output strain data accurately reflects the actual settlement deformation of the top plate;

[0043] The data acquisition and processing unit is connected to the strain node sensor 2 through a dedicated interface, and uses a high-speed data acquisition card to collect the original signal of the sensor in real time. The collected signal is first pre-processed by a signal amplifier to improve the signal quality and reduce noise interference, and the collected signal (such as changes in light intensity, phase or wavelength) is converted into an electrical signal and converted into a digital form for further processing.

[0044] The strain sensing optical cable 1 passes through the optical cable hole 301 and enters the hollow steel pipe assembly 4 and then extends to the outside, and is connected to the optical fiber signal receiver 6 along the outside of the steel pipe to form a closed monitoring loop;

[0045] The selection and design of the strain sensing optical cable 1 take into account the special requirements of the underground environment, ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the system. The strain sensing optical cable 1 is provided with a strain node sensor 2 every 1m, and the external optical cable is bound to the steel pipe with a fixing tie 5 at least every 1m;

[0046] The head end of the hollow steel pipe assembly 4 is composed of a first steel pipe 401, and the middle and tail ends are provided with a second steel pipe 402. A plurality of second steel pipes 402 can be spliced ​​according to the thickness of the top plate to monitor the settlement deformation of the deep top plate;

[0047] Finally, the head and tail of the strain sensing optical cable 1 form a U-shaped loop and are connected to the optical fiber signal receiver 6 equipped with a temperature compensation module and an optical fiber signal data processing unit.

[0048] The above contents constitute a high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring the settlement and deformation of the tunnel roof.

[0049] Monitoring principle: the strain sensing optical cable 1 passes through the hollow steel pipe assembly 4 and is folded back, and is bound to the steel pipe by a fixing tie 5, and finally the ends of the optical cable are connected to the optical fiber signal receiver 6; when the device is in the hole of the roof, grouting and sealing are performed. If the roof is subsided and deformed at a certain place, the strain node sensor 2 of the strain sensing optical cable 1 node will monitor the change of the optical fiber signal and transmit the signal to the optical fiber signal receiver 6, and the optical fiber signal receiver 6 will adjust the signal through the data processing unit and the temperature compensation module, and finally obtain an accurate change value for early warning; when the roof is subsided and deformed too much, causing the external optical cable 102 to break, the signal can be transmitted back to the optical fiber signal receiver 6 through the built-in optical cable 101 protected by the steel pipe, and a safety alarm will be issued according to the size of the signal value;

[0050] The specific steps are:

[0051] Step 1: At the location where the thick roof settlement deformation needs to be monitored, drill an inclined hole of corresponding depth according to the actual situation of the roof to ensure that the entire device can be placed in the hole. If the thickness of the roof is large, increase the length of the hollow steel pipe assembly 4 according to the actual situation;

[0052] Step 2: reserve a certain length of the strain sensing optical cable 1, the length of the optical cable = (hole depth + receiver to hole position) × 2, pass the strain sensing optical cable 1 through the hollow steel pipe assembly 4 and pass it out from the optical cable hole 301 of the steel pipe sealing assembly 3 and fold back along the steel pipe. This length should be half of the length of the optical cable;

[0053] Step 3: Place the hollow steel pipe assembly 4 and the optical cable folded along the steel pipe into the top plate hole, use a fixing tie 5 to fix the outer optical cable and the steel pipe at intervals of at least 1m, and continue to put the optical cable and the steel pipe into the hole;

[0054] Step 4: Continue to add second steel pipes 402 according to the top plate drilling depth, connect the connecting external thread 404 of the first section of the second steel pipe 402 with the connecting internal thread 403 of the first steel pipe 401, and then connect the second steel pipes 402 added end to end in sequence until the last second steel pipe 402 is connected, and sealed by the steel pipe sealing assembly 3;

[0055] Step 5: When the entire device is placed in the hole, grouting is performed, and the grouting device outlet is sealed with a steel pipe grouting into the grouting hole 302, and exhaust is performed through the grouting hole 302 at the other end to ensure smooth grouting;

[0056] Step 6: Grout the entire top plate hole to ensure that the hole is fully filled with grout;

[0057] Step 7: Connect the two ports of the strain sensing optical cable 1 to the optical fiber signal receiver 6;

[0058] Step 8: When the tunnel roof is subsided and deformed, the strain node sensor 2 will transmit the monitored strain change to the optical fiber signal receiver 6; when the settlement deformation is too large and causes the optical cable to break, the signal will be transmitted back to the optical fiber signal receiver 6 along the built-in optical cable 101 located inside the steel pipe, that is, protected by the steel pipe. The optical fiber signal receiver 6 will provide a roof settlement deformation warning or alarm feedback based on the signal value processed by the temperature compensation module and the optical fiber signal data processing unit;

[0059] The utility model can solve the deficiencies in the prior art, provide continuous, accurate, and real-time monitoring data, effectively eliminate monitoring blind spots, and improve the system's anti-interference and data transmission stability through optical fiber technology, and can capture every subtle change in roof settlement deformation in real time, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring. The temperature compensation module and advanced data processing unit integrated in the optical fiber signal receiver 6 enable the system to automatically correct environmental influences and quickly generate accurate monitoring reports, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of monitoring.

[0060] The utility model can realize high-density and fixed-point monitoring of the settlement and deformation of the tunnel roof, timely discover potential safety hazards, and provide more reliable protection for mine safety. At the same time, the device has a high degree of automation and intelligence, which can reduce the need for manual measurement, reduce construction risks, and improve engineering efficiency.

[0061] The utility model has enhanced anti-interference ability: due to the use of optical fiber technology, the sensing device has stronger anti-interference ability, and the optical fiber sensor is not as susceptible to electromagnetic interference as the traditional electronic sensor, so the stability of data transmission and the accuracy of monitoring results can be guaranteed.

[0062] The utility model realizes real-time monitoring and rapid response: the integrated temperature compensation module and advanced data processing unit enable the system to correct environmental influences in real time and quickly generate monitoring reports. This real-time monitoring and rapid response capability is crucial for timely warning and handling of potential safety issues.

[0063] The utility model effectively improves the engineering safety: the device can timely detect the settlement and deformation of the roof, provide more reliable protection for mine safety, and through accurate monitoring data, can prevent and reduce the occurrence of engineering accidents and protect the lives of construction workers.

[0064] The utility model effectively reduces labor costs and improves efficiency: the automated and intelligent monitoring method reduces the reliance on manual measurement, thereby reducing labor costs. At the same time, due to the real-time and accuracy of the monitoring data, the construction efficiency and progress of the project can be improved.

[0065] The utility model has strong adaptability: the design of the device takes into account the special requirements of the underground environment, ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the system. No matter what kind of complex underground environment, it can operate stably and has strong adaptability; although the initial investment may be relatively high, it can bring significant economic benefits in the long run by reducing accidents, improving efficiency and reducing labor costs. At the same time, improving engineering safety can also reduce potential compensation and maintenance costs.

[0066] The above schematically describes the present invention and its implementation methods, which are not restrictive. The drawings show only one implementation method of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring the settlement and deformation of a tunnel roof, comprising a strain sensing optical cable (1) and a hollow steel pipe assembly (4), characterized in that: Both ends of the strain sensing optical cable (1) are connected to an optical fiber signal receiver (6); The strain sensing optical cable (1) comprises an internal optical cable (101) inserted into the inner side of the hollow steel tube assembly (4), and an external optical cable (102) extending to the outer side of the hollow steel tube assembly (4); the external optical cable (102) is arranged along the length direction of the hollow steel tube assembly (4) and is in contact with the tube body of the hollow steel tube assembly (4); the external optical cable (102) is tied to the outer side of the hollow steel tube assembly (4) by a fixing tie (5); The surface of the strain sensing optical cable (1) is provided with strain node sensors (2) at equal intervals; Steel pipe sealing assemblies (3) are provided at both ends of the hollow steel pipe assembly (4); the steel pipe sealing assembly (3) is a hollow structure, and an optical cable hole (301) and a grouting hole (302) are respectively provided on the end faces of the steel pipe sealing assembly (3).

2. A high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring the settlement and deformation of a tunnel roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain sensing optical cable (1) is a high-density fixed-point densely distributed strain sensing optical cable.

3. A high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring tunnel roof settlement and deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain node sensors (2) are arranged in multiple groups, and the distance between adjacent strain node sensors (2) is one meter.

4. A high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring tunnel roof settlement deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the steel pipe sealing component (3) is provided with an external sealing thread (303), and correspondingly, both ends of the hollow steel pipe component (4) are provided with internal sealing threads (400), and the steel pipe sealing component (3) is threadedly connected to the hollow steel pipe component (4).

5. A high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring tunnel roof settlement deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hollow steel pipe assembly (4) comprises a first steel pipe (401) and a second steel pipe (402), and the first steel pipe (401) is connected to the second steel pipe (402).

6. A high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring tunnel roof settlement deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The head of the first steel pipe (401) is provided with a sealing internal thread (400), and the tail of the first steel pipe (401) is provided with a connecting internal thread (403); the head of the second steel pipe (402) is provided with a connecting external thread (404), and the tail of the second steel pipe (402) is provided with a sealing internal thread (400); the head of the first steel pipe (401) and the tail of the second steel pipe (402) are respectively threadedly connected to the steel pipe sealing assembly (3), and the first steel pipe (401) is threadedly connected to the connecting external thread (404) of the second steel pipe (402) via the connecting internal thread (403).

7. A high-density fixed-point optical fiber sensing device for monitoring tunnel roof settlement and deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second steel pipes (402) may be provided in multiple groups as appropriate, and two adjacent groups of second steel pipes (402) are connected end to end, and the tail of the last section of the second steel pipe (402) is sealed by a steel pipe sealing assembly (3).

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