A coupling system for hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation in high-cold areas

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coupling system for hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation in high-cold areas, including an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank, an oxygen storage tank, an air compressor and a fuel cell stack. The hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen outlet end of the electrolyzer, a first pressure reducing device is arranged on the outlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank, the oxygen storage tank is connected to the oxygen outlet end of the electrolyzer, a second pressure reducing device is arranged on the outlet pipeline of the oxygen storage tank, the oxygen at the outlet of the oxygen storage tank is reduced by the second pressure reducing device and mixed with the air at the outlet of the air compressor before entering the cathode of the fuel cell stack, and the fuel cell stack includes a water heat management system, which is connected to the hydrogen storage tank for heat exchange. The utility model controls the temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack, avoids the problem of low head single in the fuel cell stack, ensures its stable operation, and solves the problems of low air intake temperature and high power consumption of the hydrogen system when the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen system are used in high-cold areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy, in particular to a coupling system for hydrogen energy production and hydrogen energy power generation in high-altitude cold areas. Background Art

[0002] Energy is fundamental to sustaining human survival and development and driving social progress. Currently, people are searching for alternative clean energy sources to replace traditional fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Hydrogen energy offers an ideal alternative with high calorific value, high energy density, and is pollution-free. my country's current hydrogen sources primarily come from industrial byproducts, coal-to-hydrogen, and natural gas-to-hydrogen. To achieve the "3060" carbon target, the development of green hydrogen is crucial. Currently, green hydrogen is mostly produced by water electrolysis, with wind power and photovoltaics being key to its development. Western China holds significant advantages in installed photovoltaic and wind power capacity. Hydrogen production from renewable energy sources is a key direction for future hydrogen energy development and will be applied across all aspects of the new power system, from source to grid to load, demonstrating a trend of coupled electricity and hydrogen development.

[0003] The terrain in the western region is mainly plateaus, with higher altitudes, lower air pressure, and even lower oxygen content in the air. When using fuel cells to generate electricity in the western region, the air compressor consumes more energy to operate, resulting in greater energy loss. In addition, the hydrogen that comes out of the hydrogen bottle is a low-temperature gas. It mixes with the hot and humid gas from the fuel cell hydrogen circuit to produce condensed water. Due to the influence of gravity, the liquid water flows at the bottom of the anode intake manifold of the fuel cell stack. As a result, when the liquid water enters the fuel cell stack, most of the water is concentrated in several areas at the head of the fuel cell stack, causing severe "flooding". In this case, because the anode flow channels of several single cells at the head are blocked by water, the areas on the membrane that cannot receive the reactant gas will locally "lack of hydrogen", and no electricity will be generated. In severe cases, local "lack of hydrogen" may cause the system to fail to operate normally, or even cause irreversible and permanent damage to the single cells and the fuel cell stack. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a coupled system for hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation in high-altitude cold regions.

[0006] The utility model proposes a coupled system for hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation in high-altitude cold regions, comprising:

[0007] an electrolyzer, wherein renewable energy provides electrical energy to the electrolyzer;

[0008] A hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen outlet end of the electrolyzer, and a first pressure reducing device is provided on the outlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank;

[0009] An oxygen storage tank, the oxygen storage tank is connected to the oxygen outlet end of the electrolyzer, and a second pressure reducing device is provided on the outlet pipeline of the oxygen storage tank;

[0010] The oxygen at the outlet of the oxygen storage tank is decompressed by the second decompression device and then mixed with the air at the outlet of the air compressor and enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack.

[0011] The fuel cell stack includes a water thermal management system, which is connected to the hydrogen storage tank for heat exchange. The hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank is heated by water at the outlet of the water thermal management system and then enters the anode of the fuel cell stack.

[0012] In some embodiments, a heat exchanger is also included, wherein the cold side inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the outlet end of the first pressure reducing device, the cold side outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the anode inlet end of the fuel cell stack, the hot side inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the outlet end of the water thermal management system, the hot side outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the water thermal management system, and a temperature sensor is set at the cold side outlet end of the heat exchanger.

[0013] In some embodiments, a first three-way valve is provided on the outlet pipeline of the second pressure reducing device, a first inlet end of the first three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the second pressure reducing device, a second inlet end of the first three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the air compressor, and an outlet end of the first three-way valve is connected to the cathode inlet end of the fuel cell stack.

[0014] In some embodiments, a radiator is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the water thermal management system and the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger.

[0015] In some embodiments, a second three-way valve is provided on the outlet pipeline of the water thermal management system, the inlet end of the second three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the water thermal management system, the first outlet end of the second three-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the radiator, and the second outlet end of the second three-way valve is connected to the PTC heater.

[0016] In some embodiments, a controller is further included, and the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0017] In some embodiments, a hydrogen purification device is provided on the pipeline between the hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen outlet end of the electrolyzer, and an oxygen purification device is provided on the pipeline between the oxygen storage tank and the oxygen outlet end of the electrolyzer.

[0018] In some embodiments, a one-way valve is provided on the pipeline between the hydrogen storage tank and the first pressure reducing device.

[0019] In some embodiments, the renewable energy is solar energy, wind energy, or thermal energy.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The utility model collects and purifies waste oxygen generated by the electrolyzer and reuses it in the hydrogen power generation system, thereby increasing the oxygen content in the fuel cell stack working system environment, reducing the speed of the air compressor, and thus reducing energy consumption.

[0022] The utility model controls the temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack, avoids the problem of low head temperature of the fuel cell stack, ensures its stable operation, and solves the problems of low air intake temperature and high power consumption of the hydrogen system when the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen use system are used in high-altitude and cold areas.

[0023] The utility model utilizes the thermal management system of the fuel cell stack system to control the intake air temperature, and at the same time collects and utilizes the waste heat of the stack, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the coupling system for hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation in high-altitude cold areas of the utility model;

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] Electrolyzer 1, air compressor 2, first three-way valve 3, one-way valve 4, first pressure reducing device 5, heat exchanger 6, fuel cell stack 7, second three-way valve 8, PTC heater 9, radiator 10, oxygen storage tank 11, hydrogen storage tank 12, oxygen purification equipment 13, hydrogen purification equipment 14, temperature sensor 15, second pressure reducing device 16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] The following describes a coupled system for hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation in high-altitude cold regions proposed according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the coupled system for hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation in high-altitude cold regions of the present invention includes an electrolyzer 1, a hydrogen storage tank 12, an oxygen storage tank 11, an air compressor 2, a fuel cell stack 7, a heat exchanger 6 and a controller.

[0031] Among them, electrolyzer 1 is a device that electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. During operation, electrolyzer 1 requires electricity. In the present utility model, renewable energy provides electricity for electrolyzer 1. In the green hydrogen industry, electricity is generated by clean renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, and thermal energy, and then connected to a hydrogen production power supply through a distribution cabinet. The DC power output by the power supply powers the PEM electrolyzer, which produces hydrogen and oxygen through water electrolysis.

[0032] The oxygen storage tank 11 is connected to the oxygen outlet end of the electrolyzer 1 , and an oxygen purification device 13 is provided on the pipeline between the oxygen storage tank 11 and the oxygen outlet end of the electrolyzer 1 . The oxygen generated by the electrolyzer 1 is collected and purified by the oxygen purification device 13 and then stored in the oxygen storage tank 11 .

[0033] A second pressure reducing device 16 is provided on the outlet pipeline of the oxygen storage tank 11, and a first three-way valve 3 is provided on the outlet pipeline of the second pressure reducing device 16. The first three-way valve 3 has two inlet ends and one outlet end. The first inlet end of the first three-way valve 3 is connected to the outlet end of the second pressure reducing device 16, the second inlet end of the first three-way valve 3 is connected to the outlet end of the air compressor 2, and the outlet end of the first three-way valve 3 is connected to the cathode inlet end of the fuel cell stack 7. During operation, air compressed by the air compressor 2 is mixed with oxygen at the outlet end of the oxygen storage tank 11 after being reduced in pressure by the second pressure reducing device 16 within the first three-way valve 3. The compressed air and oxygen in the oxygen storage tank 11 are mixed and then flow out through the outlet end of the first three-way valve 3 and toward the cathode of the fuel cell stack 7.

[0034] In the present invention, the waste oxygen generated by the electrolyzer 1 is collected and purified and reused in the hydrogen power generation system, thereby increasing the oxygen content in the working system environment of the fuel cell stack 7 and reducing the speed of the air compressor 2, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0035] A hydrogen storage tank 12 is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer 1. A hydrogen purification device 14 is installed on the pipeline between the hydrogen storage tank 12 and the hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer 1. The hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer 1 is collected and purified by the hydrogen purification device 14 before being stored in the hydrogen storage tank 12. A one-way valve 4 and a first pressure reducing device 5 are installed upstream and downstream of the outlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank 12. The one-way valve 4 prevents backflow of hydrogen flowing out of the hydrogen storage tank 12. The pressure reduction and regulation of the first pressure reducing device 5 regulates the hydrogen flowing out of the hydrogen storage tank 12 to a suitable pressure.

[0036] The fuel cell stack 7 includes a water thermal management system. During the initial operation of the fuel cell stack 7, the PTC heater 9 is used to heat it to the operating temperature. During the stable operation, the water thermal management system is used to maintain the temperature of the fuel cell stack 7 within the normal operating temperature range.

[0037] The hydrothermal management system is connected to the hydrogen storage tank 12 for heat exchange. The hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 12 is heated by the water at the outlet of the hydrothermal management system and then enters the anode of the fuel cell stack 7. Specifically, a heat exchanger 6 is arranged downstream of the first pressure reducing device 5, and the cold side inlet end of the heat exchanger 6 is connected to the outlet end of the first pressure reducing device 5, the cold side outlet end of the heat exchanger 6 is connected to the anode inlet end of the fuel cell stack 7, the hot side inlet end of the heat exchanger 6 is connected to the outlet end of the water thermal management system, and the hot side outlet end of the heat exchanger 6 is connected to the inlet end of the water thermal management system. After the hydrogen flows out through the first pressure reducing device 5, it enters the heat exchanger 6 through the cold side inlet end of the heat exchanger 6, and the hot water enters the heat exchanger 6 through the hot side inlet end of the heat exchanger 6. The hydrogen and the hot water exchange heat in the heat exchanger 6. After the hydrogen is heated, it flows out from the cold side outlet end of the heat exchanger 6 and flows to the anode of the fuel cell stack 7. After the hot water cools down, it flows out from the hot side outlet end of the heat exchanger 6 and flows to the inlet of the water thermal management system, and again serves as a cold source to absorb the heat of the fuel cell stack 7 to cool the stack so that it is maintained within a certain temperature range.

[0038] It is understandable that in order to better heat the hydrogen so that its temperature does not become too high or too low, in some embodiments, a temperature sensor 15 is provided at the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 6. The temperature sensor 15 is used to monitor the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the heat exchanger 6, thereby adjusting the flow of hot water according to the temperature of the hydrogen. In the present invention, the temperature of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack 7 is controlled, thereby avoiding the problem of low head temperature of the fuel cell stack 7, ensuring its stable operation, and solving the problems of low air intake temperature and high power consumption of the hydrogen system when the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen use system are used in high-altitude and cold regions.

[0039] In some embodiments, in order to control the temperature of the fuel cell stack 7, a radiator 10 is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet end of the water thermal management system and the hot side inlet end of the heat exchanger 6, that is, the hot water flowing out of the water thermal management system is first dissipated through the radiator 10, and then enters the heat exchanger 6 as a heat source to heat the hydrogen. The heat exchanger 6 and the radiator 10 are integrated to achieve temperature control of the hydrogen and the fuel cell stack 7.

[0040] In some embodiments, a second three-way valve 8 is provided on the outlet pipeline of the hydrothermal management system. The second three-way valve 8 has an inlet end and two outlet ends, wherein the inlet end of the second three-way valve 8 is connected to the outlet end of the hydrothermal management system, the first outlet end of the second three-way valve 8 is connected to the inlet end of the radiator 10, and the second outlet end of the second three-way valve 8 is connected to the PTC heater 9. That is, after the hot water flows out of the hydrothermal management system, one path enters the radiator 10 through the first outlet end of the second three-way valve 8 to dissipate heat and then enters the heat exchanger 6 to heat the hydrogen, and the other path enters the PTC heater 9 through the second outlet end of the second three-way valve 8. The hot water is used to maintain the temperature of the fuel cell stack 7, and the thermal energy of the hot water flowing out of the hydrothermal management system is reused.

[0041] The first three-way valve 3, the second three-way valve 8 and the temperature sensor 15 are all electrically connected to the controller, wherein the first three-way valve 3 and the second three-way valve 8 are both controlled by the PID algorithm. The controller controls the opening of the second three-way valve 8 according to the data of the temperature sensor 15 to adjust the flow of hot water entering the radiator 10. At the same time, the controller adjusts the opening of the first three-way valve 3 according to the operating condition of the fuel cell stack 7 to meet the requirements of the stack.

[0042] In the present utility model, oxygen is reduced in pressure by the second pressure reducing device 16 and the mixture with compressed air enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack 7, and hydrogen is heated in the heat exchanger 6 by hot water at the outlet of the water thermal management system and enters the anode of the fuel cell stack 7. The output electric energy of the fuel cell stack 7 is converted into alternating current by the inverter and fed back to the power grid or consumed, which effectively solves the problems of unstable operation, reduced life and increased power consumption of the coupled system of hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation in high-altitude and cold areas.

[0043] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms may be directed to different embodiments or examples. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0045] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coupled system for hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation in high-cold areas, characterized in that: include: An electrolyzer, wherein the renewable energy source provides electrical energy to the electrolyzer; A hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen outlet end of the electrolyzer, and a first pressure reducing device is arranged on the outlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank; An oxygen storage tank, the oxygen storage tank is connected to the oxygen outlet end of the electrolyzer, and a second pressure reducing device is arranged on the outlet pipeline of the oxygen storage tank; The oxygen at the outlet of the oxygen storage tank is decompressed by the second decompression device and then mixed with the air at the outlet of the air compressor and enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack includes a water thermal management system, which is connected to the hydrogen storage tank for heat exchange. The hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank is heated by water at the outlet of the water thermal management system and then enters the anode of the fuel cell stack.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that It includes a heat exchanger, wherein the cold side inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the outlet end of the first pressure reducing device, the cold side outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the anode inlet end of the fuel cell stack, the hot side inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the outlet end of the water thermal management system, the hot side outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the water thermal management system, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the cold side outlet end of the heat exchanger.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that A first three-way valve is arranged on the outlet pipeline of the second pressure reducing device, a first inlet end of the first three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the second pressure reducing device, a second inlet end of the first three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the air compressor, and an outlet end of the first three-way valve is connected to the cathode inlet end of the fuel cell stack.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that A radiator is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet end of the water heat management system and the hot side inlet end of the heat exchanger.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that A second three-way valve is arranged on the outlet pipeline of the water thermal management system, the inlet end of the second three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the water thermal management system, the first outlet end of the second three-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the radiator, and the second outlet end of the second three-way valve is connected to the PTC heater.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that A controller is also included, and the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected to the controller.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that A hydrogen purification device is arranged on the pipeline between the hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen outlet end of the electrolyzer, and an oxygen purification device is arranged on the pipeline between the oxygen storage tank and the oxygen outlet end of the electrolyzer.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein: A one-way valve is arranged on the pipeline between the hydrogen storage tank and the first pressure reducing device.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The renewable energy is solar energy, wind energy or thermal energy.

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