A filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrochloric acid recovery, and specifically relates to a filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid, including a two-stage filtering component and a backwashing system, the two-stage filtering component includes a sand filter and a fine filter, the water inlet of the sand filter is connected to a three-way valve 1, the three-way valve 1 is connected to a waste hydrochloric acid storage tank, the water outlet of the sand filter is connected to the water inlet of the fine filter, the sand filter and the fine filter are installed on a fixed frame, the water outlet of the fine filter is connected to a three-way valve 2, the three-way valve 2 is connected to a recovery hydrochloric acid storage tank, and the backwashing system includes a nitrogen pipeline and a flushing water pipeline, the nitrogen pipeline and the flushing water pipeline are respectively connected to the two ends of the three-way valve 3, and the other end of the three-way valve 3 is connected to the three-way valve 2. The use of the sand filter and the fine filter can achieve efficient filtration of solid impurities in the waste hydrochloric acid, and the sand filter and the fine filter have low operating costs, are installed in an upper and lower combination, and occupy a small area; by switching the valve paths of multiple valves in the backwashing system, the two-stage filtering component can be quickly backwashed to ensure the filtering effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrochloric acid recovery, and in particular relates to a filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid. Background Art

[0002] In many industrial processes, such as metal processing, electroplating and chemical synthesis, a large amount of waste hydrochloric acid is generated. These waste hydrochloric acids usually contain a variety of impurities, including metal ions, organic matter and solid particles. If not properly treated, these waste hydrochloric acids will cause serious pollution to the environment and are also a waste of resources for enterprises.

[0003] At present, the treatment methods of waste hydrochloric acid mainly include neutralization method, evaporation concentration method and membrane separation method. However, these methods have some disadvantages, such as high treatment cost and large floor space. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a low-cost and small-footprint waste hydrochloric acid filtration device. In addition, during the use of the existing filtration device, the filter material will gradually be blocked by impurities, resulting in a decrease in filtration efficiency, requiring frequent replacement of filter materials or shutdown for cleaning, which increases operating and maintenance costs. For this device that mainly filters waste hydrochloric acid, frequent replacement of filter materials also has a high risk of safety hazards and environmental pollution. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid to solve the problems of high processing cost, large footprint, and high safety hazards and environmental pollution risks in the process of frequent replacement of filter materials in existing waste hydrochloric acid filtering devices.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solution: a filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid, comprising a two-stage filtering component and a backwashing system, wherein the two-stage filtering component comprises a sand filter and a fine filter, wherein the water inlet of the sand filter is connected to a three-way valve one, wherein the three-way valve one is connected to the tank bottom of a waste hydrochloric acid storage tank through a pipeline, and a hydrochloric acid pump and a tank bottom valve are installed on the pipeline, wherein the water outlet of the sand filter is connected to the water inlet of the fine filter, wherein the sand filter and the fine filter are installed on a fixed frame, wherein the water outlet of the fine filter is connected to a three-way valve two, wherein the three-way valve two is connected to the tank top of a recovery hydrochloric acid storage tank through a pipeline, wherein the backwashing system comprises a nitrogen pipeline and a flushing water pipeline, wherein the nitrogen pipeline and the flushing water pipeline are respectively connected to two ends of a three-way valve three, and the other end of the three-way valve three is connected to the three-way valve two through a pipeline.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the use of the sand filter and the fine filter realizes efficient graded filtration of solid impurities in the waste hydrochloric acid, and the sand filter and the fine filter have low operating costs, are installed in an upper and lower combination, and occupy a small area; by switching the valve paths of multiple valves in the backwash system, the double-stage filter component can be quickly backwashed to ensure the filtering effect.

[0007] In order to ensure the stability of the installation of sand filters and fine filters;

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the fixing frame is a frame structure composed of a plurality of square tubes welded together.

[0009] The beneficial effect of this improvement is that the fixing frame has a stable structure and can provide stable installation support for the sand filter and the fine filter.

[0010] In order to more thoroughly squeeze out the hydrochloric acid in the double-stage filter assembly before backwashing, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent cleaning water treatment;

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: one end of the blowing valve is connected to the pipeline connecting the tank bottom valve and the three-way valve through a three-way pipe, and the other end of the blowing valve is connected to a nitrogen pipeline.

[0012] The beneficial effect of this improvement is that after closing the tank bottom valve, the operator can open the blowing valve and use positive pressure nitrogen to pressurize the hydrochloric acid in the double-stage filter assembly into the recovery hydrochloric acid storage tank to avoid excessive hydrochloric acid concentration in the cleaning water, which affects the subsequent recovery and treatment of the cleaning water.

[0013] In order to effectively flush the impurities in the sand filter and fine filter by the flushing water in the flushing water pipeline;

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the two valve circuit states of the three-way valve one are connected from the sand filter to the waste hydrochloric acid storage tank and from the sand filter to the sewage pipeline, and the two valve circuit states of the three-way valve two are connected from the fine filter to the three-way valve and from the fine filter to the recovered hydrochloric acid storage tank.

[0015] The beneficial effect of this improvement is that by switching the valve paths of three-way valve 1 and three-way valve 2, the cleaning water in the flushing water pipeline can enter the fine filter and then flow to the sand filter, thereby achieving efficient and rapid backwashing.

[0016] In order to quickly squeeze out the cleaning water in the sand filter and fine filter;

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the two valve circuit states of the three-way valve three are that the three-way valve two is connected to the nitrogen pipeline and the three-way valve two is connected to the flushing water pipeline.

[0018] The beneficial effect of this improvement is that the operator can switch the valve path state of the three-way valve to allow positive pressure nitrogen to enter the fine filter and then flow to the sand filter, thereby efficiently and quickly squeezing out the residual cleaning water in the fine filter and the sand filter.

[0019] In order to prevent the cleaning water in the flushing water pipeline from entering the nitrogen pipeline due to the attenuation of the three-way valve's three-seal performance;

[0020] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: a one-way valve is installed between the nitrogen pipeline and the three-way valve.

[0021] The beneficial effect of this improvement is that the one-way valve can make the medium in the nitrogen pipeline flow in one direction, preventing water from entering the nitrogen pipeline.

[0022] The parts not involved in the device are the same as those in the prior art or can be implemented by using the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the backwash system in the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model removing the backwash system;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the double-stage filtering assembly in the utility model;

[0027] In the figure: 1. Two-stage filtration assembly; 11. Sand filter; 12. Fine filter; 13. Fixed bracket; 14. Three-way valve one; 15. Three-way valve two; 2. Backwash system; 21. Nitrogen pipeline; 22. Flushing water pipeline; 23. Three-way valve three; 24. Check valve; 3. Waste hydrochloric acid storage tank; 4. Recovered hydrochloric acid storage tank; 5. Blowing valve; 6. Hydrochloric acid pump; 7. Tank bottom valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory and should not have any limiting effect on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] like Figure 1—4 shows: a filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid, comprising a two-stage filtering component 1 and a backwashing system 2, wherein the two-stage filtering component 1 comprises a sand filter 11 and a fine filter 12, wherein the water inlet of the sand filter 11 is connected to a three-way valve 14, wherein the three-way valve 14 is connected to the bottom of a waste hydrochloric acid storage tank 3 through a pipeline, and a hydrochloric acid pump 6 and a tank bottom valve 7 are installed on the pipeline, wherein the water outlet of the sand filter 11 is connected to the water inlet of the fine filter 12, wherein the sand filter 11 and the fine filter 12 are installed on a fixing frame 13, wherein the water outlet of the fine filter 12 is connected to a three-way valve 2 15, wherein the three-way valve 2 15 is connected to the top of a recovery hydrochloric acid storage tank 4 through a pipeline, and wherein the backwashing system 2 comprises a nitrogen pipeline 21 and a flushing water pipeline 22 The nitrogen pipeline 21 and the flushing water pipeline 22 are respectively connected to the two ends of the three-way valve 3 23, and the other end of the three-way valve 3 23 is connected to the three-way valve 2 15 through a pipeline. The use of the sand filter 11 and the fine filter 12 realizes efficient graded filtration of solid impurities in the waste hydrochloric acid, and the sand filter 11 and the fine filter 12 have low operating costs, are installed in an upper and lower combination, and occupy a small area; by switching the valve paths of multiple valves in the backwash system 2, the two-stage filter component 1 can be quickly backwashed to ensure the filtering effect. The fixed frame 13 is a frame structure composed of multiple square tubes welded together. The fixed frame 13 has a stable structure and can provide stable installation support for the sand filter 11 and the fine filter 12, connecting the tank bottom valve 7 and The pipeline of the three-way valve 14 is connected to one end of the blowing valve 5 through a three-way pipe, and the other end of the blowing valve 5 is connected to the nitrogen pipeline 21. After closing the tank bottom valve 7, the operator can open the blowing valve 5 to press the hydrochloric acid in the two-stage filter component 1 into the recovery hydrochloric acid storage tank 4 through the positive pressure nitrogen to avoid excessive hydrochloric acid concentration in the cleaning water, which affects the subsequent recovery and treatment of the cleaning water. The two valve circuit states of the three-way valve 14 are that the sand filter 11 is connected to the waste hydrochloric acid storage tank 3 and the sand filter 11 is connected to the sewage pipeline. The two valve circuit states of the three-way valve 2 15 are that the fine filter 12 is connected to the three-way valve 3 23 and the fine filter 12 is connected to the recovery hydrochloric acid storage tank 4. By switching the three-way valve 14 and the three-way valve 2 1 5, the cleaning water in the flushing water pipeline 22 can enter the fine filter 12 and then flow to the sand filter 11, so as to realize efficient and rapid backwashing. The two valve path states of the three-way valve three 23 are that the three-way valve two 15 is connected to the nitrogen pipeline 21 and the three-way valve two 15 is connected to the flushing water pipeline 22. The operator can switch the valve path state of the three-way valve three 23 to allow positive pressure nitrogen to enter the fine filter 12 and then flow to the sand filter 11, and the residual cleaning water in the fine filter 12 and the sand filter 11 can be squeezed out efficiently and quickly. A one-way valve 24 is installed between the nitrogen pipeline 21 and the three-way valve three 23. The one-way valve 24 can make the medium in the nitrogen pipeline 21 flow in one direction to prevent water from entering the nitrogen pipeline 21.

[0031] The working principle of the present technical scheme is as follows: when the waste hydrochloric acid in the waste hydrochloric acid storage tank 3 is normally filtered, the valve path of the blowing valve 5 is closed, the valve path of the tank bottom valve 7 is opened, the valve path state of the three-way valve 14 is that the hydrochloric acid pump 6 is connected to the two-stage filter component 1, and the valve path state of the three-way valve 2 15 is that the two-stage filter component 1 is connected to the recovery hydrochloric acid storage tank 4. At this time, the waste hydrochloric acid in the waste hydrochloric acid storage tank 3 is filtered through the sand filter 11 and the fine filter 12 in turn under the transportation of the hydrochloric acid pump 6, and the solid impurities are effectively removed and recovered to the recovery hydrochloric acid storage tank 4; when it is necessary to backwash the filter sand and the filter element in the sand filter 11 or the fine filter 12, the valve path of the tank bottom valve 7 is first closed, and then the blowing valve 5 is opened to allow positive pressure nitrogen to enter the sand filter 11 and the fine filter 12 to backwash the filter sand and the filter element. The hydrochloric acid remaining in the core and pipeline is pressed into the recovery hydrochloric acid storage tank 4, and the blowing valve 5 is closed after the hydrochloric acid is basically pressed out; then the operator switches the valve path of the three-way valve 14 to connect the sand filter 11 to the sewage pipeline, and switches the valve path of the three-way valve 2 15 to connect the three-way valve 3 23 to the fine filter 12. At this time, the valve path state of the three-way valve 3 23 is that the flushing water pipeline 22 is connected to the three-way valve 2 15, and the cleaning water reversely flushes the filter element of the fine filter 12 and the filter sand of the sand filter 11, and brings the filtered impurities out to the sewage pipeline; after the flushing is completed, the operator switches the valve path of the three-way valve 3 23 to connect the nitrogen pipeline 21 to the three-way valve 2 15, so that positive pressure nitrogen enters the fine filter 12 and the sand filter 11, and presses out the cleaning water to avoid affecting the subsequent mass concentration of hydrochloric acid recovery.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0033] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above is only a preferred implementation of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, they can make several improvements, modifications or changes, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid, characterized in that: The invention comprises a two-stage filtering component (1) and a backwashing system (2), wherein the two-stage filtering component (1) comprises a sand filter (11) and a fine filter (12), wherein the water inlet of the sand filter (11) is connected to a three-way valve (14), wherein the three-way valve (14) is connected to the bottom of a waste hydrochloric acid storage tank (3) through a pipeline, and a hydrochloric acid pump (6) and a tank bottom valve (7) are installed on the pipeline, wherein the water outlet of the sand filter (11) is connected to the water inlet of the fine filter (12), and the sand filter (11) and the fine filter (12) are connected to the water outlet of the sand filter (11). 12) is installed on a fixing frame (13), the water outlet of the fine filter (12) is connected to a three-way valve (15), the three-way valve (15) is connected to the tank top of the recovery hydrochloric acid storage tank (4) through a pipeline, the backwash system (2) includes a nitrogen pipeline (21) and a flushing water pipeline (22), the nitrogen pipeline (21) and the flushing water pipeline (22) are respectively connected to the two ends of the three-way valve (23), and the other end of the three-way valve (23) is connected to the three-way valve (15) through a pipeline.

2. A filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing frame (13) is a frame structure formed by welding a plurality of square tubes.

3. A filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the blowing valve (5) is connected to the pipeline connecting the tank bottom valve (7) and the three-way valve 1 (14) through a three-way pipe, and the other end of the blowing valve (5) is connected to a nitrogen pipeline (21).

4. A filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two valve circuit states of the three-way valve one (14) are that the sand filter (11) is connected to the waste hydrochloric acid storage tank (3) and that the sand filter (11) is connected to the sewage pipeline, and the two valve circuit states of the three-way valve two (15) are that the fine filter (12) is connected to the three-way valve three (23) and that the fine filter (12) is connected to the recovered hydrochloric acid storage tank (4).

5. The filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two valve circuit states of the three-way valve three (23) are that the three-way valve two (15) is connected to the nitrogen pipeline (21) and that the three-way valve two (15) is connected to the flushing water pipeline (22).

6. A filtering device for waste hydrochloric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve (24) is installed between the nitrogen pipeline (21) and the three-way valve (23).

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