Automatic car coupler
By modifying the original series of hooks, adding automatic hooking and unhooking functions, and using reset springs and position sensors to achieve automatic control, the problem of existing hook operations requiring a lot of manual intervention, and improving operation efficiency and accuracy.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421690294.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-17
AI Technical Summary
The existing hook operation requires a lot of manual intervention, especially during the connection and unhook process, which has problems such as inconvenience and inefficiency.
By modifying and modifying the original series of hooks, adding automatic hooking and automatic hooking functions, using a reset spring to keep the hook tongue fully open, and using a position sensor and controller to achieve automatic controllability.
It realizes automatic controllability of the hook, improves operation accuracy and flexibility, reduces manual intervention and reduces production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN222742691U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of transportation equipment, in particular to an automatic coupler. Background Art
[0002] Couplers are used to connect locomotives and vehicles or vehicles and vehicles, and are essential components in the railway transportation industry. The level of automation in the railway transportation industry is constantly improving. The close-coupled automatic couplers used on high-speed railways have complex structures and special automatic controls, and their production costs and market prices are high. However, James-type couplers are still used on ordinary locomotives (GK, GKC, GKF and other locomotive series) and carriages. At present, the railway transportation within domestic steel mills basically all uses 13 series top-acting James-type couplers. When operating manual couplers, personnel are required to connect, unlock, return the couplers, and confirm their status on site.
[0003] 13 series James type coupler exploded diagram Figure 1 As shown, it includes a hook body 5, a hook tongue 1, a hook tongue pin 2, a hook tongue push iron 42, a hook tongue lock iron 43, an upper locking pin set 41 and a bushing 22. The hook tongue 1 is rotatably mounted on the hook body 5 through the hook tongue pin 2, and the hook tongue push iron 42 is located in the hook cavity inside the hook body 5, that is, the internal cavity. Figure 2 As shown, the hook tongue 1 is provided with a locking surface 11, a seat locking surface 12 and an upper traction platform 13, etc.
[0004] The original coupler has multiple states, among which the locked state, the open state and the fully open state are the three valid states in the action.
[0005] Locked state: the hook tongue 1 is in the connected position, the hook tongue lock iron 43 falls into the gap between the lock surface 11 of the hook tongue 1 and the hook cavity, and is completely seated on the seat lock surface 12, preventing the hook tongue 1 from rotating. This state is the locked state. The locked state is the normal connection state, the hook tongue 1 is rotated a certain angle into the hook (rotation angle ≈ 70 degrees), at this time the hook tongue 1 can withstand large tonnage (determined by the material of the hook body, the standard requires tensile strength ≥ 250 tons) longitudinal horizontal traction. At this time, the state of the hook tongue 1 is called the locked state.
[0006] Opening state: refers to the locking pin assembly 41 being lifted out of the pin hole 51, and the hook tongue locking iron 43 being completely lifted out of the hook tongue locking surface 11 and the hook cavity bayonet groove. At this time, the hook tongue 1 is converted into a rotatable state due to the lifting of the hook tongue locking iron 43, and is subjected to less longitudinal horizontal tension (determined by the hook tongue 1, the hook tongue pin 2, the upper and lower bushings 22 and the smoothness of the inner cavity of the hook body 5, and the tightness of the installation fit. Generally, the standard tension required to change the position of the hook tongue 1 at this time is ≤100N), so that the hook tongue 1 can rotate along the axis of the hook tongue pin 2, so that the hook tongue 1 is in an open, closed or semi-open and semi-closed state.
[0007] Fully open state: refers to the fully open state of the coupler tongue 1. At this time, the coupler tongue 1 is rotated to the maximum angle from the locked state, and the coupler tongue lock iron 43 falls on the traction platform 13 of the coupler tongue 1 and cannot enter the locking surface 11 and the hook cavity slot at all. The locking pin group 41 will also be freely folded outside the pin hole 51. At this time, the state of the coupler tongue 1 is called the fully open state.
[0008] Based on the above status, the original coupler working process is generally divided into two processes: connection and uncoupling. Before the two couplers are connected, the operator on the vehicle is responsible for confirming the status of the two couplers on site, and ensuring that at least one of the two couplers is in the fully open state, otherwise the coupling of the couplers cannot be achieved. If no coupler is in the fully open state, the on-site operator needs to manually lift the coupler lifting rod, so that the lifting rod will eventually bring the locking pin group 41 out of the pin hole 51. When the locking pin group 41 is brought out of the pin hole 51, the hook tongue push iron 42 follows the locking pin group 41 to disengage the hook tongue slot, and then manually pull the coupler tongue 1 to make the hook tongue 1 in the "fully open" state, and then command the power locomotive to hit the hook. After the two hooks touch and are stressed, the hook tongue 1 rotates along the circular axis of the hook tongue pin 2, so that the two hook tongues 1 are hooked together, and the hook tongue push iron 42 automatically falls into the slot between the hook tongue locking surface 11 and the hook cavity due to gravity, and sits on the locking surface 12, while driving the locking pin group 41 to fall into the pin hole 51. When both locking pin groups 41 fall completely into the pin hole 51, the connection of the hooks is completed. If any of the two locking pin groups 41 fails to fall completely into the pin hole 51, manual intervention is required to fall in or even re-hook and connect.
[0009] Unhooking: The on-site operator manually pulls the pin lifting rod of any of the two couplers to completely lift the locking pin group 41 out of the pin hole 51. At this time, the hook tongue push iron 42 will also lift the hook tongue slot together with the locking pin group 41, and then command the locomotive to move away. Because the hook tongue 1 that lifts the hook tongue push iron 42 cannot bear the force, it is pulled away, and the unhooking operation is completed. When unhooking, the locking pin group 41 often cannot lift the pin hole 51. The on-site operator needs to command the locomotive to tighten the coupler so that the hook tongue slot does not press the hook tongue push iron 42, so that the locking pin group 41 can be easily lifted.
[0010] Obviously, the above-mentioned connection and uncoupling process requires too much manual intervention. With the upgrading of railway transportation automation in steel plants and the implementation of blast furnace iron-making automation in recent years, there is an urgent need for an economical, applicable and automatic coupler that can realize automatic uncoupling and realize the corresponding functions under the premise of reliability, safety and economy. Utility Model Content
[0011] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide an automatic coupler, which not only retains the manual function and the original mechanical strength of the original coupler by refitting and modifying the original series of couplers, but also adds the automatic coupling and automatic uncoupling functions that can be controlled by remote operation, and has low production cost. The reset spring allows the hook tongue to remain in the fully open state, and the two hook tongue position sensors and the lock pin position sensors can determine whether the lock tongue is in the fully open, open or locked state, ensuring that the coupler is only in one of the three valid states of the locked state, open state and fully open state, thereby realizing the automatic controllability of the new coupler and ensuring the accuracy, flexibility and comprehensiveness of the automatic control. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is:
[0012] An automatic coupler comprises a coupler tongue, a coupler tongue pin, a reset spring, a coupler locking pin mechanism, a coupler body, an automatic pin lifting mechanism, a manual pin lifting mechanism, a position sensor and a controller. The coupler tongue is rotatably mounted on the coupler body through the coupler tongue pin. The coupler locking pin mechanism limits the position of the coupler tongue by moving to different positions. Both the automatic pin lifting mechanism and the manual pin lifting mechanism are connected to the coupler locking pin mechanism and can drive the coupler locking pin mechanism to move. The automatic pin lifting mechanism comprises an electric drive component for providing motive power. At least one of the two ends of the coupler tongue pin is provided with a reset spring for maintaining the coupler tongue in a fully open state. The position sensor comprises a coupler tongue position sensor for detecting the position of the coupler tongue and a lock pin position sensor for detecting the position of the coupler locking pin mechanism. Each position sensor and the electric drive component are electrically connected to the controller.
[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
[0014] The return spring is sleeved outside one end of the hook tongue pin extending out of the hook body, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the hook body and the hook tongue.
[0015] The return spring is a torsion spring.
[0016] The automatic lifting pin mechanism also includes a first lifting rod and a first transmission assembly. The first lifting rod is rotatably mounted on the locomotive shell where the automatic coupler is located. The two ends of the first transmission assembly are respectively connected to the first lifting rod and the coupler locking pin mechanism. The electric drive member is transmission-connected to the first lifting rod.
[0017] The first transmission assembly includes a first connecting rod and a first chain. One end of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the first lifting rod, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the first chain. The lower end of the first chain is connected to the upper end of the coupler lock pin mechanism.
[0018] The automatic pin lifting mechanism and the manual pin lifting mechanism are both located above the hook body.
[0019] Two hook tongue position sensors are provided, and the two hook tongue position sensors are respectively used to detect the hook tongue in the fully open position and the hook tongue in the locked position. It is assumed that the position of the hook tongue when the coupler is in the fully open state is the fully open position, and the position signal of the hook tongue detected by the hook tongue position sensor at this time is the fully open signal. The position of the hook tongue when the coupler is in the locked state is the locked position, and the position signal of the hook tongue detected by the hook tongue position sensor at this time is the locked signal.
[0020] A pin hole is provided on the hook body. When the lower end of the coupler lock pin mechanism enters the pin hole, the hook tongue can be prevented from rotating. The lock pin position sensor is located below the pin hole. When the lower end of the coupler lock pin mechanism is located at a set position, the lock pin position sensor detects the coupler lock pin mechanism.
[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0022] (1) By refitting and modifying the original series of couplers, the manual function and original mechanical strength of the original couplers are retained without weakening the inherent functions and structural strength of the original products. In addition, the functions of automatic hook opening and hooking, automatic hooking and locking, and automatic lifting and unhooking are added, which can be remotely controlled, and the production cost is low.
[0023] (2) The reset spring enables the hook tongue to remain in the fully open state, so that the hook tongue can remain in the fully open state when the hook tongue lock iron is not dropped, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the subsequent coupler connection action, eliminating the unreliable situation in the original coupler working process, and improving the state of the coupler during operation, so that only the "locked" and "fully open" states appear, avoiding the existence of multiple position states when the original coupler is in the "opening state", thereby achieving accurate judgment and control of the coupler.
[0024] (3) The two hook tongue position sensors and the lock pin position sensor can be used to determine whether the lock tongue is in the fully open, open or locked state, ensuring the accuracy, flexibility and comprehensiveness of automatic control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the existing 13 series James type coupler.
[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the hook tongue structure of the existing 13 series James type coupler.
[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model.
[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A.
[0029] Figure 5 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure of a locking pin assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.
[0031] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" may include both "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.
[0032] An automatic coupler, such as Figure 3 and 4 As shown, it includes a hook tongue 1, a hook tongue pin 2, a return spring 3, a coupler locking pin mechanism 4, a hook body 5, an automatic pin lifting mechanism, a manual pin lifting mechanism, a position sensor and a controller.
[0033] The hook tongue 1 is rotatably mounted on the hook body 5 via the hook tongue pin 2. Specifically, the hook tongue pin 2 passes through the hook tongue 1 and the hook body 5 at the same time, so that the hook tongue pin 2 can rotate relative to the hook body 5.
[0034] The coupler lock pin mechanism 4 is connected by locking and unlocking. In other words, when the hook tongues 1 of the two couplers contact and squeeze each other, and one end of the coupler lock pin mechanism 4 falls into the inner cavity of the hook body 5, the coupler lock pin mechanism 4 can prevent the hook tongue 1 from rotating, and the hook tongues 1 of the two couplers are stably locked and connected together to achieve a locked connection; when one end of the coupler lock pin mechanism 4 moves up and breaks away from the limit of the hook tongue 1, the hook tongue 1 can rotate relative to the hook body 5, so that the hook tongues 1 of the two couplers that were originally locked together are disengaged from each other, and unlocking and unhooking are achieved.
[0035] The automatic coupler described in this embodiment is an improvement on the 13B James-type upper action coupler. In this embodiment, the coupler lock pin mechanism 4 of the 13B James-type upper action coupler includes an upper lock pin group 41, a coupler tongue push iron 42 and a coupler tongue lock iron 43. The upper lock pin group 41 is composed of an upper lock pin 411 and an upper lock pin rod 413, etc. Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the locking pin assembly 41 includes a locking pin 411, a connecting plate 412 and a locking pin rod 413, which are sequentially connected to form a "Z"-shaped anti-jump three-link form, and the locking pin rod 413 can directly contact and drive the hook tongue lock iron 43. A hook cavity is provided in the hook body 5, that is, the internal cavity of the hook body 5. The hook body 5 is provided with a pin hole 51, and the pin hole 51 is used to accommodate the locking pin assembly 41, and the pin hole 51 is connected to the hook cavity.
[0036] In this embodiment, in the locked state, the triplet of the upper locking pin assembly 41 is folded into the pin hole 51 in a “Z” shape.
[0037] Both the automatic pin lifting mechanism and the manual pin lifting mechanism are connected to the upper end of the coupler pin mechanism 4 and can drive the coupler pin mechanism 4 to rise or fall: when the coupler pin mechanism 4 rises, the lower end of the coupler pin mechanism 4 breaks away from the restriction on the coupler tongue 1, thereby achieving unlocking and unhooking; when the coupler pin mechanism 4 falls, the lower end of the coupler pin mechanism 4 falls into the pin hole 51, restricting the rotation of the coupler tongue 1, thereby locking the coupler tongue 1 in place.
[0038] The automatic lifting and pinning mechanism comprises a first lifting rod 61, a first connecting rod 62, a first chain 63 and an electric driving member 64. The first lifting rod 61 is rotatably mounted on the locomotive housing where the automatic coupler is located, one end of the first connecting rod 62 is fixedly connected to the first lifting rod 61, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the first chain 63, the lower end of the first chain 63 is connected to the upper end of the coupler lock pin mechanism 4, and the length direction of the first lifting rod 61 is perpendicular to the length direction of the first connecting rod 62. The electric driving member 64 is transmission-connected to the first lifting rod 61, and the electric driving member 64 is connected to and drives the first lifting rod 61 to rotate. When the first lifting rod 61 rotates, it drives the first connecting rod 62 to rise or fall, and the first connecting rod 62 drives the coupler lock pin mechanism 4 to rise or fall through the first chain 63.
[0039] In this embodiment, the electric drive component 64 is a hydraulic push rod.
[0040] The manual pin lifting mechanism is used to manually drive the coupler pin mechanism 4 to rise or fall. Specifically, the manual pin lifting mechanism includes a second lifting rod 71, a second connecting rod 72, and a second chain 73. The second lifting rod 71 can also be rotatably mounted on the locomotive shell where the automatic coupler is located. One end of the second connecting rod 72 is fixedly connected to the second lifting rod 71, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the second chain 73. The lower end of the second chain 73 is connected to the upper end of the coupler pin mechanism 4. The length direction of the second lifting rod 71 is perpendicular to the length direction of the second connecting rod 72. The second lifting rod 71 is provided with a handle, and the handle is manually driven to drive the second lifting rod 71 to rotate. When the second lifting rod 71 rotates, it drives the second connecting rod 72 to rise or fall. The second connecting rod 72 drives the coupler pin mechanism 4 to rise or fall through the second chain 73.
[0041] In this embodiment, both the automatic pin lifting mechanism and the manual pin lifting mechanism are connected to the upper end of the locking pin 411 through a lifting ring.
[0042] At least one of the two ends of the hook tongue pin 2 is provided with a return spring 3 to keep the hook tongue 1 in a fully open state. Specifically, the return spring 3 is sleeved outside the end of the hook tongue pin 2 extending out of the hook body 5, and the two ends of the return spring 3 are respectively connected to the hook body 5 and the hook tongue 1. Preferably, both ends of the hook tongue pin 2 are provided with external threads, and the two ends of the hook tongue pin 2 can be screwed with nuts through the external threads. The return spring 3 is located between the nut and the hook body 5. Preferably, a gasket is provided between the return spring 3 and the hook body 5 and between the return spring 3 and the nut. Further, in order to prevent the nut from falling out of the hook tongue pin 2, the hook tongue pin 2 is provided with a pin 21 perpendicular to it.
[0043] In this embodiment, the return spring 3 is a torsion spring.
[0044] In this embodiment, return springs 3 are installed at both ends of the hook tongue pin 2.
[0045] The position sensor includes a hook tongue position sensor 81 for detecting the position of the hook tongue 1 and a lock pin position sensor 82 for detecting the position of the coupler lock pin mechanism 4. The hook tongue position sensor 81 is mounted on the hook body 5 via a hook tongue position sensor bracket 91, and the lock pin position sensor 82 is mounted on the hook body 5 via a lock pin position sensor bracket 92.
[0046] In this embodiment, the lock pin position sensor 82 is used to detect the position of the hook tongue lock iron 43.
[0047] In this embodiment, two hook tongue position sensors 81 and one lock pin position sensor 82 are provided. It is assumed that the position of the hook tongue 1 when the coupler is in the fully open state is the fully open position, and the position of the hook tongue 1 when the coupler is in the locked state is the locked position. The two hook tongue position sensors 81 are used to detect the hook tongue 1 in the fully open position and the locked position, respectively. The lock pin position sensor 82 is located below the pin hole 51. When the hook tongue lock iron 43 is located at the set position, the lock pin position sensor 82 detects the hook tongue lock iron 43. In this embodiment, when the hook tongue lock iron 43 falls into the lock seat surface 12, the lock pin position sensor 82 detects the hook tongue lock iron 43.
[0048] Each position sensor and the electric drive member 64 are electrically connected to the controller. The controller can be remotely connected to an operation center or a terminal.
[0049] Based on the above structure, the working principle and process of the utility model are as follows:
[0050] Unhooking process: After the controller receives the remote "unhooking" command, the controller detects the coupler status. If the "fully open" signal of the hook tongue is valid, that is, the hook tongue position sensor 81 detects that the hook tongue 1 is in the fully open position, the controller does not perform any action, but only indicates and feedbacks the "fully open" signal of the coupler. If the controller obtains the "closed" signal of the hook tongue or does not obtain the "fully open" signal feedback of the hook tongue, that is, the hook tongue position sensor 81 detects that the hook tongue 1 is in the locked position or the hook tongue position sensor 81 neither detects that the hook tongue 1 is in the locked position nor detects that the hook tongue 1 is in the fully open position, then the automatic coupler executes the lifting pin procedure: the hydraulic push rod is started, and the hydraulic push rod is pushed upward, driving the newly added first connecting rod 62 and the first chain 63, so that the upper locking pin 411 is subjected to an upward pulling force. At this time, if it is a single hook empty buckle state (one hook is in the locked position but not connected to the other hook) or the coupler is subjected to a small longitudinal horizontal pulling force, The locking pin 411 is subjected to a small lifting force (the lifting force for empty hook detection is ≤ 100N, and the lifting force required for connection varies with the magnitude of the longitudinal horizontal pulling force) and can be lifted out of the locking hole; if the hook is connected to other hooks and is subjected to a large longitudinal horizontal traction, the lifting resistance may be greater than the maximum output of the hydraulic push rod and the locking pin 411 cannot be lifted out. The program execution will not be able to obtain the signal of the hook tongue locking iron 43 within the set normal time (that is, the locking pin position sensor 82 cannot detect that the hook tongue locking iron 43 is out of the set position, that is, the hook tongue locking iron 43 is still located on the set position seat locking surface 12), and the controller gives a "hook top" signal at this time.
[0051] The processing of the "top hook" signal is as follows:
[0052] a. The "hook-up" signal can be sent to the locomotive driver's station as a signal indication. After the driver sees the signal, he operates the locomotive head to slowly push the hook to relieve the force on the hook tongue. At this time, the upper locking pin 411 will be easily lifted out of the pin hole 51 under the drive of the automatic pin lifting mechanism, and the hook tongue lock iron 43 connected to the upper locking pin 411 will rise. The lock pin position sensor 82 detects that the hook tongue lock iron 43 is out of the set position, that is, the seat lock surface 12. The controller detects the signal that the hook tongue lock iron 43 is lifted up, immediately turns off the "hook-up" signal and keeps the hydraulic push rod for the agreed time (this time can be set in the program). The driver sees the "hook-up" signal. After the signal disappears, the power locomotive can be operated to separate the hook of the locomotive from the hook originally connected to it. When the two hooks are pulled apart by about 200 mm, the hook tongue 1 automatically opens under the action of the reset spring 3, and the hook tongue 1 is in a fully open state. At the same time, the hook tongue position sensor 81 detects the hook tongue 1 in the fully open position, and the controller sends a "fully open" state signal to the power locomotive driver's station. At the same time, the controller retracts the hydraulic push rod after receiving the "fully open" signal of the hook tongue (at this time, the hydraulic push rod is retracted, because the hook tongue 1 has rotated a certain angle, the hook tongue lock iron 43 will not fall back to the lock hook), and the automatic coupler completes the uncoupling operation.
[0053] b. The "hook-pushing" signal can also be sent to the control system of the automatic driving locomotive. When the automatic driving locomotive receives the "hook-pushing" signal, it starts the automatic driving locomotive head to perform the hook-pushing action (i.e., driving the electric locomotive to slowly advance ≥50mm in the direction of the hook forward). After the hook is pushed, the hook will lose its longitudinal horizontal traction, and the hydraulic push rod will lift the locking pin 411 together with the hook tongue lock iron 43. The hook tongue lock iron 43 position detection switch will be actuated, i.e., the locking pin position sensor 82 detects that the hook tongue lock iron 43 is separated from the seat lock surface 12. The controller detects that the hook tongue lock iron 43 is lifted up, which can stop the "hook-pushing" operation and control the electric locomotive to run backward. When the automatic coupler is pulled open by about 200mm, the automatic coupler tongue 1 automatically opens under the action of the reset spring 3, and the hook tongue position sensor 81 detects that the hook tongue 1 is in the fully open position. The controller controls the hydraulic push rod to retract, completing an "unhooking" operation.
[0054] When the automatic coupler is connected, the driving vehicle (diesel locomotive operating console or automatic electric locomotive) detects that its own coupler is in the "fully open" state and then performs the coupling. If it is not in the "fully open" state, it only needs to perform the "uncoupling" operation once to meet the coupling prerequisite.
[0055] When coupling, the driver performs the hook-collision operation according to the coupler status indication on the operating console. When the coupler status indicator light indicates that the car is "fully open", the locomotive can be driven at a low speed (standard less than 5km / h) to make the two couplers collide. The hook tongue 1 is hit or squeezed by the other hook and rotates along the hook tongue pin 2 by an angle. The hook tongue locking iron 43 falls into the gap between the lock surface 1 and the hook cavity due to gravity and stops on the lock seat surface 12. The hook tongue locking iron 43 falling into the lock seat surface 12 will trigger the hook tongue locking iron 43 detection switch, that is, the locking pin position sensor 82 detects the hook tongue locking iron 43. The controller receives the signal and immediately converts the signal into a "connection" signal and sends it to the driver's operating console (or transfers the signal to the electric locomotive control system). The driver stops the locomotive when he sees the "connection" signal indication, and the connection of the automatic coupler is completed.
[0056] If the connected coupler is uncoupled during traction, the controller will perform a self-check on the coupler. If a coupler "fully open" signal appears without an "uncouple" command, the controller will send an alarm to the driver's console or the electric locomotive control system.
[0057] Finally, it is necessary to explain here that the above embodiments are only used to further illustrate the technical solution of the utility model in detail and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the utility model. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by technicians in this field based on the above content of the utility model belong to the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. An automatic coupler, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hook tongue (1), a hook tongue pin (2), a reset spring (3), a coupler locking pin mechanism (4), a hook body (5), an automatic pin lifting mechanism, a manual pin lifting mechanism, a position sensor and a controller. The hook tongue (1) is rotatably mounted on the hook body (5) via the hook tongue pin (2). The coupler locking pin mechanism (4) limits the position of the hook tongue (1) by moving to different positions. Both the automatic pin lifting mechanism and the manual pin lifting mechanism are connected to the coupler locking pin mechanism (4) and can drive the coupler locking pin mechanism (4) to move. The automatic pin lifting mechanism comprises an electric drive component (64) for providing a motive force. At least one of the two ends of the hook tongue pin (2) is provided with a reset spring (3) for maintaining the hook tongue (1) in a fully open state. The position sensor comprises a hook tongue position sensor (81) for detecting the position of the hook tongue (1) and a lock pin position sensor (82) for detecting the position of the coupler locking pin mechanism (4). Each position sensor and the electric drive component (64) are electrically connected to the controller.
2. The automatic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return spring (3) is sleeved outside one end of the hook tongue pin (2) extending out of the hook body (5), and the two ends of the return spring (3) are respectively connected to the hook body (5) and the hook tongue (1).
3. The automatic coupler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The return spring (3) is a torsion spring.
4. The automatic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic pin lifting mechanism also includes a first lifting rod (61) and a first transmission assembly. The first lifting rod (61) is rotatably mounted on a locomotive housing where the automatic coupler is located. Two ends of the first transmission assembly are respectively connected to the first lifting rod (61) and the coupler pin mechanism (4). The electric drive member (64) is transmission-connected to the first lifting rod (61).
5. The automatic coupler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first transmission assembly comprises a first connecting rod (62) and a first chain (63); one end of the first connecting rod (62) is fixedly connected to the first lifting rod (61), and the other end is connected to the upper end of the first chain (63); the lower end of the first chain (63) is connected to the upper end of the coupler lock pin mechanism (4).
6. The automatic coupler according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The automatic pin lifting mechanism and the manual pin lifting mechanism are both located above the hook body (5).
7. The automatic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two hook tongue position sensors (81) are provided, and the two hook tongue position sensors (81) are used to detect the hook tongue (1) in the fully open position and the hook tongue (1) in the locked position, respectively. The position of the hook tongue (1) when the coupler is in the fully open state is assumed to be the fully open position, and the position of the hook tongue (1) when the coupler is in the locked state is assumed to be the locked position.
8. The automatic coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook body (5) is provided with a pin hole (51). When the lower end of the coupler lock pin mechanism (4) enters the pin hole (51), the coupler tongue (1) can be prevented from rotating. The lock pin position sensor (82) is located below the pin hole (51). When the lower end of the coupler lock pin mechanism (4) is located at a set position, the lock pin position sensor (82) detects the coupler lock pin mechanism (4).