Electric vehicle protection device based on safety performance optimization

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric vehicle protection device based on safety performance optimization, and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle control circuits. The technical problem of galloping danger of the electric vehicle is solved. According to the technical scheme, a power supply unit enables a microprocessor unit to work normally; the signal acquisition unit is provided with a signal line, the signal line is used for being connected with an electric vehicle speed regulation module and acquiring real-time speed regulation voltage, and the signal acquisition unit divides the speed regulation voltage and then inputs the voltage to the microprocessor unit; the microprocessor unit judges whether the real-time speed regulation voltage exceeds a fault threshold critical value or not, if yes, a power-off signal is sent, and if not, a virtual signal is output; the execution end of the circuit breaking execution unit is used for being connected with an electric vehicle power module, responding to a signal of the microprocessor unit, cutting off a power supply output line of the electric vehicle power module when receiving the power-off signal, and not executing actions when receiving the virtual signal.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle safety control circuits, and in particular relates to an electric vehicle protection device based on safety performance optimization. Background technology:

[0002] At present, electric vehicles (battery vehicles) rely on battery modules to provide electrical energy, which powers the motor of the electric vehicle to drive the wheels, wherein the output of the motor controls the speed of the wheels through a controller (electric vehicle speed control module). That is, the speed control handle or foot accelerator in the electric vehicle speed control module adjusts the vehicle speed.

[0003] When an electric vehicle "flies", it means that a circuit fault occurs during driving and it is no longer controlled by the controller. The speed control handle and foot accelerator cannot control the speed, and the speed is the fastest at this time; or as soon as the power is turned on (started), the motor starts running, even at the highest speed. At this time, it is the most dangerous.

[0004] From the above-mentioned "flying car" phenomenon, it can be seen that electric vehicles have unsafe problems in operation. Summary of the invention:

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings (problems) of the prior art, in order to optimize and improve the safety performance of electric vehicles, the utility model provides a protection device for electric vehicles based on safety performance optimization.

[0006] The utility model is achieved in this way:

[0007] A protection device for an electric vehicle based on safety performance optimization includes a power supply unit, a microprocessor unit, a signal acquisition unit and a circuit breaker execution unit.

[0008] The power supply unit is used to convert voltage so that the microprocessor unit can work normally;

[0009] The signal acquisition unit has a signal line, which is used to connect to the electric vehicle speed control module and collect the real-time speed control voltage. The signal acquisition unit divides the speed control voltage and inputs it to the microprocessor unit;

[0010] The microprocessor unit determines whether the real-time speed regulating voltage exceeds the critical value of the fault threshold, and if so, sends a power-off signal, otherwise outputs a false signal;

[0011] The circuit breaker execution unit has an input end connected to the microprocessor unit, and an execution end used to connect to the electric vehicle power module. It responds to the signal of the microprocessor unit. When a power-off signal is received, the power supply output line of the electric vehicle power module is cut off. When a false signal is received, no action is performed.

[0012] Preferably, the signal acquisition unit includes a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, one end of the resistor R3 is used as a signal line end for connecting to the electric vehicle speed control module, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded, and the common end of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 is used as an output end to connect to the microprocessor unit to provide a real-time speed control voltage after voltage division.

[0013] Preferably, the circuit breaker execution unit includes a MOS tube Q1 and a relay, the source of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the coil end of the relay, the other end of the coil of the relay is connected to the power supply, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the output end of the microprocessor unit, the switch common end of the relay is used to connect the electric vehicle power module, and the normally closed and normally open ends of the relay switch are switched in response when the relay coil is energized.

[0014] Preferably, the microprocessor unit is an integrated chip.

[0015] Preferably, the microprocessor unit includes a comparator, a reference unit, and a resistor R11. The signal acquisition unit is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator through the resistor R11, and the inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected to the reference unit. The reference unit provides a preset reference signal. The comparator determines whether the voltage collected in real time exceeds the reference signal. If it exceeds the reference signal, a high level is sent, otherwise a low level is output.

[0016] Preferably, the circuit breaker execution unit further comprises an indicator light, which lights up when the circuit breaker execution unit executes an action and turns off when the circuit breaker execution unit does not execute an action.

[0017] The outstanding advantages of the utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0018] 1. The circuit is simple, easy to implement, low cost and reliable in function;

[0019] 2. It can effectively avoid the "flying car" phenomenon and improve the safety and reliability of electric vehicles;

[0020] 3. Easy to use, maintain and repair. Description of the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a circuit principle diagram of a price comparator according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Description of main reference numerals:

[0024] 100, power supply unit; 200, microprocessor unit; 300, signal acquisition unit; 400, circuit breaking execution unit; 500, reference unit. Specific implementation method:

[0025] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementations. The details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0026] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention. The illustrations only show the components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

[0027] The specific implementation of the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] The utility model embodiment discloses a protection device for an electric vehicle based on safety performance optimization, referring to Figure 1 As shown, it includes a power supply unit 100, a microprocessor unit 200, a signal acquisition unit 300 and a circuit breaker execution unit 400. Figure 1 In the case of the electric vehicle speed control module and the electric vehicle power module, both are existing structures. This solution is based on the size of the electric vehicle speed control module output voltage signal to determine whether a "flying car" accident has occurred. In a specific example, the electric vehicle speed control module output voltage is 4.5±0.2V, and we can judge by collecting this signal. Adjust according to the different data of the maximum voltage output by the electric vehicle speed control module.

[0030] The power supply unit 100 is used to convert voltage so that the microprocessor unit 200 can work normally. The power supply unit 100 uses a 12V or 24V power input and performs a regulated output through a voltage regulator chip 7550 to provide a reliable working voltage to the microprocessor unit 200.

[0031] The signal acquisition unit 300 has a signal line (XH) which is used to connect to the electric vehicle speed control module and collect the real-time speed control voltage. The signal acquisition unit 300 divides the speed control voltage and inputs it to the microprocessor unit 200. Specifically, the signal acquisition unit 300 includes a resistor R3 and a resistor R4. One end of the resistor R3 is used as a signal line end to connect to the electric vehicle speed control module. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to one end of the resistor R4. The other end of the resistor R4 is grounded. The common end of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 is connected to the microprocessor unit 200 as an output end to provide the real-time speed control voltage (S1) after voltage division.

[0032] The microprocessor unit 200 determines whether the real-time speed regulating voltage exceeds the critical value of the fault threshold. If it exceeds the critical value of the fault threshold, it sends a power-off signal (S2), otherwise it outputs a virtual signal. The microprocessor unit 200 here has multiple implementations, one of which is as follows Figure 1 Integrated chips are used in the system. The chip types can be various types of single-chip microcomputers. In addition, the following can also be used: Figure 2 The comparator circuit structure shown in Figure 1 is Figure 2 , which will be described later.

[0033] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the circuit breaker execution unit 400 has an input end connected to the microprocessor unit 200, an execution end used to connect to the electric vehicle power module, responds to the signal of the microprocessor unit 200, and cuts off the power supply output line of the electric vehicle power module when receiving the power-off signal, and does not execute the action when receiving the false signal. The circuit breaker execution unit 400 includes a MOS tube Q1 and a relay. The source of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the coil end of the relay, the other end of the coil of the relay is connected to the power supply, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the output end of the microprocessor unit 200, the switch common end of the relay is used to connect to the electric vehicle power module, and the normally closed and normally open ends of the relay switch are switched in response when the relay coil is energized.

[0034] refer to Figure 2It can be seen that the circuit structure of another implementation of the microprocessor. The microprocessor unit 200 includes a comparator, a reference unit 500, and a resistor R11. The signal acquisition unit 300 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator through the resistor R11, and the inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected to the reference unit 500. The reference unit 500 provides a preset reference signal. The comparator determines whether the voltage collected in real time exceeds the reference signal. If it exceeds the reference signal, a high level is sent, otherwise a low level is output. The reference unit 500 includes a power supply Vcc, a resistor R12, and a potentiometer Rp1. The power supply Vcc is connected to one end of the resistor R12, and the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the resistance end of the potentiometer Rp1 and the inverting input terminal of the comparator LM1. The other end of the resistor of the potentiometer Rp1 is grounded, and the adjustment end of the potentiometer Rp1 provides a reference signal Vref1, which can be used as a judgment reference.

[0035] In order to know the circuit operation status more intuitively, the circuit breaker execution unit 400 also includes an indicator light, which lights up when the circuit breaker execution unit 400 executes an action and turns off when it does not execute an action. In this way, when using it, it is very intuitive, and whether it is working normally can be judged by the working condition of the indicator light (LED light).

[0036] It can be seen that the utility model has a simple circuit, is easy to implement, has a low cost, and is reliable in function; it can effectively avoid the "flying car" phenomenon and improve the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle; it is easy to use and easy to maintain and repair.

[0037] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principle and efficacy of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protection device for an electric vehicle based on safety performance optimization, comprising a power supply unit (100), a microprocessor unit (200), a signal acquisition unit (300) and a circuit breaker execution unit (400), characterized in that: The power supply unit (100) is used to convert voltage so that the microprocessor unit (200) can operate normally; The signal acquisition unit (300) has a signal line, the signal line is used to connect to the electric vehicle speed regulation module and collect real-time speed regulation voltage, and the signal acquisition unit (300) divides the speed regulation voltage and inputs it to the microprocessor unit (200); A microprocessor unit (200) determines whether the real-time speed regulation voltage exceeds a critical value of a fault threshold, and if so, sends a power-off signal, otherwise outputs a dummy signal; A circuit breaker execution unit (400) has an input end connected to a microprocessor unit (200), an execution end used to connect to an electric vehicle power module, responds to a signal from the microprocessor unit (200), cuts off a power supply output line of the electric vehicle power module when receiving a power-off signal, and does not execute an action when receiving a false signal.

2. The protection device for electric vehicles based on safety performance optimization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal acquisition unit (300) comprises a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, one end of the resistor R3 is used as a signal line end for connecting to an electric vehicle speed regulation module, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded, and the common end of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 is used as an output end to connect to a microprocessor unit (200) to provide a divided real-time speed regulation voltage.

3. The protection device for electric vehicles based on safety performance optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit breaker execution unit (400) comprises a MOS tube Q1 and a relay, wherein the source of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the coil end of the relay, the other end of the coil of the relay is connected to a power source, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the output end of the microprocessor unit (200), the switch common end of the relay is used to connect to the electric vehicle power module, and the normally closed and normally open ends of the relay switch are switched in response when the relay coil is energized.

4. The protection device for electric vehicles based on safety performance optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microprocessor unit (200) is an integrated chip.

5. The protection device for electric vehicles based on safety performance optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microprocessor unit (200) comprises a comparator, a reference unit (500), and a resistor R11. The signal acquisition unit (300) is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator via the resistor R11, and the inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected to the reference unit (500). The reference unit (500) provides a preset reference signal. The comparator determines whether the voltage collected in real time exceeds the reference signal. If it exceeds the reference signal, a high level is sent, otherwise a low level is output.

6. The protection device for electric vehicles based on safety performance optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit breaker execution unit (400) also includes an indicator light, which lights up when the circuit breaker execution unit (400) executes an action, and turns off when the circuit breaker execution unit (400) does not execute an action.

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