A shield cutter for hard rock excavation

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and discloses a shield tool for hard rock excavation, comprising: a cutter shaft, a cutter hub is sleeved on the outer surface of the cutter shaft, a cutter ring is connected to the outer side of the cutter hub through interference fit, a compass roller bearing is installed between the outer surface of the cutter shaft and both sides of the inner wall of the cutter hub, a positioning end cover is installed at the position of one end of the compass roller bearing on the outer surface of the cutter shaft and both sides of the inner wall of the cutter hub, a multi-faceted extrusion positioning component is installed between two of the compass roller bearings, the multi-faceted extrusion positioning component comprises a fixing ring sleeved and installed on the outer side of the cutter shaft, an energy absorber is equidistantly and movably connected to the outer side of the fixing ring, and the purpose of positioning the cutter shaft is achieved, so that the position of the tool in the processing process can be ensured to be accurate, the efficiency is improved, the vibration during the rotation of the cutter shaft is reduced, the vibration generated during the working process is reduced, the noise during work is reduced, the wear of the tool is reduced, and the service life of the tool is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular relates to a shield cutter for hard rock excavation. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel engineering, a shield machine is a device used to excavate underground tunnels, and a hard rock tunneling shield machine is specifically used for tunnel excavation under hard rock geological conditions. When using a shield machine for excavation, if large stones are encountered, the common method is to pressurize the chamber and use equipment such as a rock drill to manually crush the stones, or use an earth pressure shield at high speed and low thrust to slowly grind and advance, or directly use the shield cutter to forcibly tear and break the rocks. The shield cutter is an important component of the shield machine, used to cut and crush rocks to ensure the smooth progress of the shield machine.

[0003] Since existing shield tools are not convenient for positioning and damping the spindle, the vibration causes the position of the tool shaft to shift during spindle operation, which in turn causes the spindle and tool to be frequently impacted and vibrated, accelerating equipment wear and shortening equipment life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at the problem that the shield cutter in the prior art is not convenient for positioning and damping the main shaft, which causes the position of the cutter shaft to be offset due to vibration during the operation of the main shaft, and further causes the main shaft and the cutter to be frequently impacted and vibrated, accelerating the wear of the equipment and shortening the life of the equipment. The present invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0005] A shield tool for hard rock excavation, comprising: a cutter shaft, a cutter hub is sleeved on the outer surface of the cutter shaft, a cutter ring is connected to the outer side of the cutter hub through interference fit, roller bearings are installed between the outer surface of the cutter shaft and both sides of the inner wall of the cutter hub, positioning end caps are installed on the outer surface of the cutter shaft and both sides of the inner wall of the cutter hub at one end of the roller bearing, and a multi-faceted extrusion positioning component is installed between two of the roller bearings;

[0006] The multi-faceted extrusion positioning assembly includes a fixed ring sleeved and installed on the outside of the knife shaft, an energy absorber is equidistantly and movably connected to the outside of the fixed ring, a ball is embedded and installed at one end of the energy absorber, and extrusion rings are fitted and connected to both sides of the outer surface of the energy absorber.

[0007] Preferably, a floating sealing structure is installed between the roller bearing and the positioning end cover, and the floating sealing structure is composed of two circular rings and two O-rings.

[0008] Preferably, positioning rods are welded equidistantly on the outside of the fixing ring, and spring extrusion rods are symmetrically embedded and installed on both end surfaces of the positioning rods, and a plurality of the spring extrusion rods are connected by an extrusion ring.

[0009] Preferably, an inclined groove is provided on one end surface of the extrusion ring, and the inclined groove of the extrusion ring and the outer edge of the energy absorber are in contact with each other.

[0010] Preferably, a spring telescopic rod is clamped and installed at the top end of the energy absorber, a fixing column is fixedly installed at one end of the spring telescopic rod, and the fixing column is clamped and installed on the inner wall of the blade hub.

[0011] Preferably, circular holes are equidistantly formed on the outer side of the fixing ring, and the movable end of the energy absorber and the ball bearings are both located inside the circular holes.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] (1) The purpose of positioning the tool shaft is achieved, which can ensure the accurate position of the tool during the processing, improve efficiency, reduce the vibration during the rotation of the tool shaft, reduce the vibration generated during the working process, reduce the noise during work, reduce tool wear, and increase tool life;

[0014] (2) The ball bearing and the cutter shaft can be separated, thereby facilitating the disassembly of the cutter shaft and preventing the ball bearing from squeezing the cutter shaft during the disassembly process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a cutter structure of a hard rock tunneling shield machine;

[0016] Figure 2 Shown is a partial schematic diagram of a cutter structure of a hard rock tunneling shield machine;

[0017] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the multi-faceted extrusion positioning assembly.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Cutter shaft; 2. Positioning end cover; 3. Cutter ring; 4. Roller bearing; 5. Cutter hub; 6. Floating seal structure;

[0019] 7. Multi-faceted extrusion positioning assembly; 71. Fixed ring; 72. Energy absorber; 73. Ball; 74. Positioning rod; 75. Spring extrusion rod; 76. Extrusion ring; 77. Spring telescopic rod; 78. Fixed column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The present invention provides a shield cutter for hard rock excavation, such as Figure 1-3As shown, it comprises: a cutter shaft 1, a cutter hub 5 is sleeved on the outer surface of the cutter shaft 1, a cutter ring 3 is connected to the outer side of the cutter hub 5 through interference fit, a roller bearing 4 is installed between the outer surface of the cutter shaft 1 and both sides of the inner wall of the cutter hub 5, a positioning end cover 2 is installed at one end of the roller bearing 4 on both sides of the outer surface of the cutter shaft 1 and the inner wall of the cutter hub 5, and a multi-faceted extrusion positioning component 7 is installed between the two roller bearings 4;

[0023] The multi-faceted extrusion positioning assembly 7 includes a fixed ring 71 which is sleeved and installed on the outside of the blade shaft 1. An energy absorber 72 is equidistantly and movably connected to the outside of the fixed ring 71. A ball 73 is embedded and installed at one end of the energy absorber 72. Extrusion rings 76 are fitted and connected to both sides of the outer surface of the energy absorber 72.

[0024] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a floating seal structure 6 is installed between the roller bearing 4 and the positioning end cover 2. The floating seal structure 6 is composed of two rings and two O-rings, which are used to seal the connection between the roller bearing 4 and the positioning end cover 2, thereby increasing the sealing performance of the connection between the roller bearing 4 and the positioning end cover 2. Positioning rods 74 are welded equidistantly on the outside of the fixing ring 71. Spring extrusion rods 75 are symmetrically embedded and installed on both ends of the positioning rod 74. Several spring extrusion rods 75 are connected by extrusion rings 76 for fixing the extrusion rings 76, thereby changing the difficulty of fixing the extrusion rings 76. An inclined groove is provided on one end face of the extrusion ring 76. The inclined groove of the extrusion ring 76 and the energy absorber The outer edges of 72 fit together, which is convenient for pushing the displacement of the energy absorber 72 and changing the difficulty of adjusting the displacement of the energy absorber 72. A spring telescopic rod 77 is clamped and installed on the top of the energy absorber 72. A fixing column 78 is fixedly installed at one end of the spring telescopic rod 77 and the fixing column 78 is clamped and installed on the inner wall of the knife hub 5 for fixing the spring telescopic rod 77 and changing the difficulty of fixing the spring telescopic rod 77, thereby achieving the purpose of facilitating the resetting of the energy absorber 72. Circular holes are equidistantly provided on the outside of the fixing ring 71, and the movable end of the energy absorber 72 and the ball 73 are both located inside the circular hole, which is used for the ball 73 to fit the outer side of the knife shaft 1 and changing the difficulty of fitting the ball 73 and the outer side of the knife shaft 1.

[0025] Working principle: In actual use of the device, the roller bearing 4 drives the extrusion ring 76 to move during the installation process. When the extrusion ring 76 moves, it drives the spring extrusion rod 75 to be compressed, and fits with the energy absorber 72 during the synchronization process, so that the energy absorber 72 moves. During the displacement of the energy absorber 72, the spring telescopic rod 77 is stretched, and in this process, the energy absorber 72 drives the ball 73 to fit the outer side of the knife shaft 1, thereby achieving the purpose of positioning the knife shaft 1, which can ensure that the position of the tool during the processing is accurate, improve the processing accuracy and efficiency, and the vibration generated by the knife shaft 1 during the rotation The energy is transmitted to the energy absorber 72 for absorption through the ball 73, thereby reducing the vibration during the rotation of the knife shaft 1, reducing the vibration generated during the working process, reducing the noise during work, reducing tool wear, and increasing the tool life. Finally, when disassembly is required, the roller bearing 4 is separated from the extrusion ring 76, and the spring extrusion rod 75 drives the extrusion ring 76 to reset, and in this process, the reset force of the spring telescopic rod 77 drives the energy absorber 72 to reset, and the ball 73 and the knife shaft 1 can be separated at this time, so as to facilitate the disassembly of the knife shaft 1 and prevent the problem of the ball 73 still squeezing the knife shaft 1 during the disassembly of the knife shaft 1.

[0026] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them.

Claims

1. A shield cutter for hard rock excavation, characterized in that: include: A knife shaft (1), wherein a knife hub (5) is sleeved on the outer surface of the knife shaft (1), a knife ring (3) is connected to the outer side of the knife hub (5) by interference fit, a roller bearing (4) is installed between the outer surface of the knife shaft (1) and both sides of the inner wall of the knife hub (5), a positioning end cover (2) is installed at one end of the roller bearing (4) on both sides of the outer surface of the knife shaft (1) and the inner wall of the knife hub (5), and a multi-faceted extrusion positioning component (7) is installed between the two roller bearings (4); The multi-faceted extrusion positioning assembly (7) comprises a fixed ring (71) sleeved and mounted on the outside of the blade shaft (1); an energy absorber (72) is equidistantly and movably connected to the outside of the fixed ring (71); a ball (73) is embedded and mounted on one end of the energy absorber (72); and extrusion rings (76) are fitted and connected to both sides of the outer surface of the energy absorber (72).

2. A shield cutter for hard rock excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A floating sealing structure (6) is installed between the roller bearing (4) and the positioning end cover (2), and the floating sealing structure (6) is composed of two circular rings and two O-rings.

3. A shield cutter for hard rock excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Positioning rods (74) are welded equidistantly on the outside of the fixing ring (71), and spring extrusion rods (75) are symmetrically embedded and installed on both end surfaces of the positioning rods (74), and a plurality of the spring extrusion rods (75) are connected by extrusion rings (76).

4. A shield cutter for hard rock excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that: An inclined groove is formed on one end surface of the extrusion ring (76), and the inclined groove of the extrusion ring (76) and the outer edge of the energy absorber (72) are fitted together.

5. A shield cutter for hard rock excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring telescopic rod (77) is mounted on the top of the energy absorber (72), a fixed column (78) is fixedly mounted on one end of the spring telescopic rod (77), and the fixed column (78) is mounted on the inner wall of the blade hub (5).

6. A shield cutter for hard rock excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Circular holes are equidistantly formed on the outside of the fixing ring (71), and the movable end of the energy absorber (72) and the ball bearing (73) are both located inside the circular holes.

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